高考英语语法备考《代词》ppt课件汇总

代词Pronoun代词的分类1、人称代词2、物主代词3、反身代词4、指示代词5、相互代词6、不定代词7、疑问代词8、连接代词、关系代词

单数

复数主格I,you,he,she,itwe,you,they宾格me,you,him,her,itus,you,them人称代词一、人称代词的用法作主语用主格;作宾语用宾格。

SheteachesusEnglish.在单独使用在没有谓语的句子中时，用宾格作主语。

eg.A._Whowillgotheretofetchadesk?_Me.B._Ilikeher._Me,too.

作主语补语时用主格、作宾语补语时用宾格

Iwastakentobeshe.我被当成了她。

Theytookmetobeher.

他们把我当成了她。

2)在句中作表语，常用宾格。-Whoisit?-It’sme.

但是：有时也用主格：

a.IfIwereshe,Iwould’tgothere.b.ItwasIwhotoldhimaboutit.

.3）要注意这样的句子意思：a.Ilikeyouasmuchasher.(我喜欢你和喜欢她一样）b.Ilikeyouasmuchasshe.(我和她一样喜欢你）c.Iloveyoumorethanhim.(我爱你胜过爱他）

d.Iloveyoumorethanhe.（我比他更爱你.）人称代词的顺序：1）weyouandthey2)youhesheandI(但是:如果是承担责任时又将I放在最前面）3）heandshe4)如果比自己地位的人在一起也将I置前

另类用法：如果指心目中的人要用it_Whoisthere?_ItisLiMing.she通常还可以用来指国家，船只，大地，月亮，猫狗等，（在美国常用she指代狗，he指代猫）。1.Whoisgoingtohelpthem,_____?youormeB.IoryouC.youorID.meoryou

2.__willattendthemeetingtobeheldnextThursday.I,heandyouB.You,heandIC.He,youandID.You,Iandhe3.Who_____atthedoor?It’s____.A.areyou,IB.ishe,himC.isit,meD.isit,I

二、物主代词单数复数形容词性my,your,his,her,itsour,your,their名词性mine,yours,his,hers,itsours,yours,theirs1.Arethesetrousersyours?No.______areoverthere.2.Herhairismuchlongerthan____(我的).3.Thisdogof____(你)neverbites.(名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+相同的名词）

Minemineyours三、反身代词单数myself,yourself,himself,herself,itself复数ourselves,yourselves,themselves反身代词所搭配的词组：1.byoneself独自地（无人作伴）2.foroneself替/为自己，单独地（独自思考，不需讨论）3.ofoneself自动地，自行地，单独地（无需别人帮忙）4.tooneself对自己5.inoneself本来，本身6.betweenoneselves秘密地benotoneself身体不舒服notlookoneself反身代词的句法功能：1.作主语同位语位置可以紧跟在主语后面也可以放在句子最后末尾。Youcangothereyourself.Youyourselfcangothere.2.作宾语同位语Ioftenseehimhimselfcleanhisoffice.3.作表语4.作宾语（介词宾语和动词宾语）5.作并列主语填空：用反身代词（短语）1.Yoursisnotabadidea____________.2.Lauraisnotquite_________today3.Pleasedon’tcallonme.Iamnot_______today.4.WhatIsaidjustnowisonly_____________.5.Ifyoudon’tbelieveme,youcangoandsee________________.6.Idon’tknowwhenthedoorclosed____________.

initself

herself

myself

formyselfyourself

ofitself

动词词组：1.congratulateoneselfon暗自庆幸2.enjoyoneself3.expressoneself表达4.devoteoneselfto致力于,献身于……5.dressoneself穿衣6.findoneself发现自己……7.helponeselfto随便吃8.makeoneselfathome不要客气9.hideoneself躲藏10.hurtoneself受伤11.loseoneselfin陶醉于12.keepsth.tooneself保守秘密13.seatoneself就坐14.leavesbbyoneself把某人单独留下15.teachoneself,learnsthbyoneself自学16.applyoneselfto致力于17.contentoneselfwith对……满意18.occupyoneself…忙碌于……

19.tearoneselfawayfrom依依不舍地离开20.makeoneselfunderstood让别人听懂21.cometooneself苏醒22.calloneself自称……one’sown/ofone’sown某人自己的Thisishisownhouse.（这是他自己的房子）Thisisahouseofhisown.（这是他自己的一栋房子）Thishouseishisown.（这栋房子是他自己的）四，指示代词1.时空的差别（离我们近的就用this,远的就用that）Thisseatisherenearmeandthatoneisinthelastrow.

Whichwillyouhave,thisorthat？2.this和that在行文叙述上的差别。(下文要说的用this,上文已经说过的用that)1）Ishallsaythistoyou:heisapoorman.2）Hewasill.That’swhyhedidn’tcome.3）Iwanttotellyouthis:theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturday.3.用于人物介绍Thisismyfriendandthatismystudent.4.电话用语_Whoisthat?（你是谁？）_Thisis…（我是……）5.相当于so,“这样，那样”Canhardworkchangeapersonthatmuch?Sorry,Ican’trunthisfar?6.one/some/it

___Iwanttofindahotel.Isthereonenearby?___Yes,therearesome.Thebestoneisverylarge.___Canyoutellmewhereitis?7.some/certain/a(an)1)Some/Acertainboyiswaitingforyou.（有个男孩在等你）2)Some/Certainboysareplayingthere.（有些男孩在等你）3)XiaoFangisthere.（小芳在等你）4)AXiaoFangisthere.（有个叫小芳的在等你）

8.名词的替代：(one,ones,that,those)1)Thisrulerislongerthanthatone.2)Theserulersarelongerthanthoseones.3)Thisrulerislongerthanthat/theoneonthedesk.4)Theserulersarelongerthanthose/theonesonthedesk.5)Thewaterinthisseaisdeeperthanthatinthatone.6)Thispairofshoesisolderthanthat(pair).7)Thispieceofpaperisnewerthanthat(piece).解析：1.一个名词在句中第二次出现的话，可数名词单数用one替代(如1),可数名词复数用ones替代(如2)。2.一个名词在句中第二次出现且后面有定语的时候，可数名词单数用that/theone替代（如3），可数名词复数用those/theones替代（如4），不可数名词只能用that替代（如5）

五，不定代词

1.every/each（每）every只能用于三者以上,each没有限制1)Therearetreesonevery/eachsideoftheplayground.2)Therearetreesoneachsideofthestreet.

2.both/neither/either/all/noneboth(只能用于两者“两者都”)neither(只能用于两者“两者中如何一个都不”)either(只能用于两者“两者中随便哪一个”)all(三者以上“都”)none(三者中任何一个“都不”)1)Therearetreesonbothsidesoftheroad.↘2)Therearetreesoneachsideoftheroad.→3)Therearetreesoneithersideoftheroad.↗4)Allofmyfriendsaredoctors.5)Noneofmyfriendsaredoctors.

道路每边都有树。3.none/nothing的区别看看下面句中他们的用法，体会其不同含义1)Thereisnothinginmyroom,soIwanttobuysomefurniture.2)HowIwanttohavesomefurnitureinmyroom,butthereisnoneatpresent.3)Hewasveryhungry,buthefoundnoneinthecupboard.4)Hehasnothingtoreadtoday.5)Hewantstoreadbooks,buthehasnone.由上例句可见：nothing指没有东西，none指没有心中所指的东西或者前面提到的物。即:none=no+前面提到或者心中明白的那个名词。6)Howcanyouhopeformercyifyoushownone?4.one…theother…（只能用于两者）一个……另一个……1)Ihavetwosisters.Oneisadoctorandtheotherisateacher.2)Ihavethreebooks.OneisEnglishandtheothertwoareChinese.3)Shehasboughtfourcomputers.Oneisexpensiveandtheotherthreeareverycheap.

5.(三者之间）one…one…athird…one…another…athird…one…another…andstillanother…1)Hehasthreecoats.Oneisblue,oneisredandathirdiswhite.2)Theyhavedrawnthreepictures.Oneisahorse,anotherisacatandathirdisasnake.3Iknowthreeforeigners.OneisAmerican,anotherisEnglishandstillanotherisGerman.

6.(在一定范围内）（除去一部分人或物剩余的部分不是全部）some…others…（除去一部分人或物剩余的全部）some…theothers…（有的……有的……有的….）some…some…some…others…1)Thereare60studentsinourclass.Someareboysandtheothersaregirls.2)Thereare60studentsinourclass.Someareveryshortandothersareverytall.3)Whendoinggeneralcleaning,somearesweepingthefloor,somearecleaningtheblackboard,somearecarryingwaterandothersarecleaningthewindows.7.others除了上述短语中的用法，还有“别人”的意思。eg.Don’tlendmybookstoothers.8.another泛指另一个eg.1)Idon’tlikethispen,pleaseshowmeanother.2)Ifyouareunwillingtohelpyou,Ihavetoturntoanother.9.部分否定（不完全否定）All…not…=Notall…（并非都……)Both…not…=Notboth…(并非两个都……)Every…not…=Notevery…(并非每个都……)1)Allisnotgoldthatgliters.(闪光的东西不一定都是金子)2)Allthestudentsarenotbusy.=Notallthestudentsarebusy.(并非所有的学生都忙)3)Bothhisparentsaren’tdoctors.=Notbothhisparentsaredoctors.(他父母亲并不都是医生)4)Everyboydoesn’tlikeEnglish.=NoteveryboylikesEnglish.(并非每个男孩都喜欢英语)将上面的句子改为全部肯定和全部否定：1)a.Allthestudentsarebusy.(所有学生都忙)b.Noneofthestudentsare/isbusy.(学生们都不忙)2)a.Bothhisparentearedoctors.=Bothofhisparentsaredoctors.=Eitherhisparentisadoctor.=Eitherofhis

parentsisa

doctor.(他父母都是医生)b.Neitherhisparentisadoctor.=Neitherofhisparentsaredoctors/isadoctor.(他父母都不是医生)3)a.EveryboylikesEnglish.(每个男孩都喜欢英语)b.Noneoftheboyslike(s)English.(每个男孩都不喜欢英语)9.与other有关常用短语theotherday(前几天）someotherday(改天）otherthan（除了）inotherwords（换句话说）everyotherday（每隔一天）noneotherthan(不是别人/他物正是……)amongothers(此外还有，除了别的以外）otherfrom(不同于）10.与none有关的短语noneofone’sbusiness（不关某人的事）secondtonone（独树一帜，屈指可数）havenoneof不参加，不接受，不理睬benonethewiser不知情nonetoo(形容词、副词前）不太，一点都不11.几个代词+but的短语nonebut(=nooneexcept)

Nonebutmymotherfullyunderstandsmycondition.

（最了解我的情况的人是我的母亲)

※nothingbut(仅仅，肯定，绝对）Heisnothingbutadoctor.

※

anythingbut(=notatall,bynomeans)Heisanythingbutadoctor.Thequestionisanythingbuteasy.allbut(=nearly/almostSheallbutfaintedwhensheheardthenews.（听到那消息，她差点晕过去。）

.

注意下面三种完全的否定回答1）___Whoisintheroomnow?___Nobody/Noone.

2）___Whatdidyoudoyesterday?___Nothing.3）___Howmanybooksdoyouhave?___None.___Howmuchfurnitureisthereinyourroom?___None.六，与something/anything/nothing有关的短语

dosomething/dothings/takemeasures(steps)采取措施

donothing没有采取措施domuch采取大量的措施dolittle几乎没有采取措施dowhat采取什么措施

havesomethingtodowith与……有关havenothingtodowith与……无关havenoreferenceto与……无关havemuchtodowith与……有很大的关系havelittletodowith与……几乎没有关系

havewhattodowith与……有什么关系

havesomethingincommonwith与……有共同之处havenothingincommonwith与…….没有共同之处havemuchincommonwith与……有许多共同之处havelittleincommonwith与……几乎没有共同之处1)ifanything(如果有什么区别的话）You,ifanything,arealittlelazier.Herfamily,ifanything,isricherthanmine.2)ifany（如果有的话）Pleasecorrectthemistakes,ifany.3)somethinglike(类似某人/某事物;近似于某人/某事物）a.Yourcoatissomethinglikehers.(你外套和她的相仿）b.Heearnssomethinglike3000yuanamonth.4)notmuchofa（不太好的）Heisnotmuchofadoctor.（他并不是个高明的医生）

七，it的用法1.上文提到的事、物YesterdayIboughtabookanditisveryinteresting.2.心目中的人，事

_Whoisknockingatthedoor?_Itisme.3.时间，天气，距离，温度，环境等

1)It’sfivenow.2)It’s10milesfromheretothecenter.3)Isitverycoldinwinterthere?4)It’sminustwodegreescentigradetoday.5)Inmyhometownitisquietatnight.4.形式主语（代替不定式，不定式复合结构，动名词，动名词复合结构或者从句）

1)It’shardforustostudyallthesubjectswell.2)It’sfuntoswimintheriverinsummer.3)It’snousecryingoverthespiltmilk.4)It’sawasteofmoneyyou/yourbuyingtoomuchfruit.5)It’struethathecameherelastweek.5.形式宾语1)（代替不定式，动名词或者从句）a)Wethinkithardtostudyallthesubjectswell.b)Wefinditnousestudyingwithoutgoals.c)Youmustkeep(it)inmindthatweshouldtryourbest.2)like/love/hate/appreciate/prefer+it+if/when/that…

a.Ilikeitifyoucancomehere.b.Iwouldappreciateitifyouaccepted.c.Ihateitwhenyouspeakwithyourmouthfull.3)have(表明,报道）take（认为，猜想）put（表达，写出来)+it+that从句。a.MayItakeitthatyouhaveagreedtostaywithus．b.Reporthasitthat10peoplewerekilledintheaccident.c.Asheputsit,sheisselfish.更多的例句：a)haveitthat…称……属实，说……是真的Rumourhasitthat…据传……

b)takeitthat假定/假设/认为Itakeitthathewon’tsucceed.

c)takeitfrommethat我敢担保…/…肯定没错Takeitfrommethathewillsucceed.d）putittosb.that…与……挑明/对……提出Iputittoyouthatyouareanidiot.(我给你说白了，你就是一个白痴)4)v+介词+it+that从句

seeto(确保，保证)

eg.Pleaseseetoitthatthedoorisshut.dependon(指望)

eg.Don’tdependonitthatIwillhelpyou.

insiston(坚持)

eg.Heinsistsonitthatshegotomorrow.swearto(发誓)

eg.IsweartoitthatIwillworkhardfromnowon.6.固定表达：1)Itdepends=Thatdepends.(看情况）2)beforesb.realized/knewit.（不知不觉的）3)Forgetit.（忘了吧）4)Guessedit.（猜对了）5)Gotit.（知道了）6)Ican’thelpit./Itcan’tbehelped.（我没有办法）7)Don’tmentionit.（不用提）8)Whenitcomesto…,…(当说到……)9)makeit.（成功）makeitto（成功到达…..）10)takeit/thingseasy.（不要急，别紧张）11)Ifit’sconvenienttoyou,（如果你方便的话）12)Ifitwerenotfor…/Ifithadn’tbeenfor…（要不是）13)believeitornot(信不信由你）14)takeitorleaveit.(要就要，不要就拉倒）15)Let’scallitaday.（到此结束）16)It’sadeal.（成交）7.用于强调句型：

Itis/was+被强调的部分+that+…

常考强调疑问词疑问词+isitthat+…（疑问句中）疑问词+itisthat+…（宾语从句中）1)Pleasetellmewhen

itwasthatyouwereborn.2)Whenwasitthatyouwereborn?3)WhatisitthatyouoftendoonSunday?4)Idon’tknowwhatitisthatyouoftendoonSunday.8.容易与强调句型混淆的句型1)Itwas/willbe+时间段+before…Itwas3daysbeforehecameback.ItwillbelongbeforeIbuyacellphone.2)Itis/was+时间名词+when…Itwasfivewhenhecameback.

Itis/was+时间状语+that…Itwasatfivethathecameback.3)Itis/was+地点名词+where…ItistheschoolwhereIonceworkedfor10years.

Itis/was+地点状语+that…ItwasinthisschoolthatIoncestudiedfor3years.4)Itis/willbe/wasthefirst/second…timethat…(某人第几次做某事)Itisthefirsttimethatyouhavehelpedme.ItwillbethethirdtimethatIhaveseenher.Itwas