山东省菏泽市陶育中学高二英语联考试题含解析

山东省菏泽市陶育中学高二英语联考试题含解析一、选择题1.We

_____

his

idea

for

a

music

club,

and

decided

to

have

an

art

club

_____.

A.

accepted;

instead

of

B.

disagreed;

instead

C.

rejected;

instead

D.

agreed;

instead

of参考答案：C略2.Itisthethirdtimethatshehaswontherace,

____hassurprisedusall.A.that

B.where

C.which

D.

what参考答案：C试题分析：考查定语从句，本题中which指代前面一句话的内容，在句中做主语，引导非限制性定语从句。句意：这是他第三次赢得跑步比赛了，这件事情让我们所有人都很惊讶。故C正确。That不能引导非限制性定语从句；where在句中做状语。What不能引导定语从句。3.---Washenervousduringtheinterview?---Hewas_____,andheevenmadesomejokes.A.downinthedumps B.flyingoffthehandleC.oncloudnine D.ascoolasacucumber参考答案：D【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——面试时他紧张吗?——他非常镇定自若，甚至还开了一些玩笑。A.downinthedumps垂头丧气；B.flyingoffthehandle勃然大怒；C.oncloudnine非常高兴；D.ascoolasacucumber镇定自若。根据句意故选D。4.

,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.A.Aquitestudentashemaybe B.QuitestudentashemaybeC.Beaquitestudentashemay D.Quiteashemaybeastudent参考答案：B5.IshouldverymuchliketohavegonetothepartybutI.A.hadn’tbeeninvited B.wasn’tinvitedC.wouldn’tbeinvited D.amnotinvited参考答案：B句意:本来我非常想去参加聚会的,但是我没有被邀请。根据句意可知,聚会已经举办过了,只是当时"我"没有被邀请,因此应用一般过去时,故选B。6.Wherever

you

go,

you

can

see

the

products____.

A.

advertise

B.

advertised

C.

to

be

advertised

D.

being

advertised参考答案：A7.Thebookpublishedbythegovernment________thecaseofthewomen’srightsandresponsibilitiesoflastyear.A．states

B．tellsC．starts

D．says参考答案：A8.Itisnoneofyourbusiness______otherpeoplethinkaboutyou.Believeinyourself.A.how B.what C.which D.when参考答案：B9.---Whatdoyousupposemadeherworried?---_________anewcellphone.A.Lose B.Lost C.Losing D.Becauseoflosing参考答案：C10.The_____optionwouldbemuchmoresensible.A.flour B.formerC.formation D.forth参考答案：B【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：前一个选择会更讲得通。A.flour面粉；B.former前一个的；C.formation形成，结构；D.forth向前。根据句意可知，这里指前一个选择，故选B。11.Notuntilrecently_______thedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.A.theyhadencouraged

B.hadtheyencouragedC.didtheyencourage

D.theyencouraged参考答案：C试题分析：考查部分倒装。句意：直到最近他们才鼓励在农村地区开展与旅游业有关的活动。当notuntil所引导的时间状语放在句首时，主句要使用部分倒装。故C项正确。【名师点睛】部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词提至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do,does或did，并将其置于主语之前。一、句首为否定或半否定的词语如no,not,never,seldom,little,hardly,atnotime,innoway,notuntil等时，句子要倒装。如：1.Nowherewillyoufindtheanswertothisquestion.无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案。2.Notuntilthechildfellasleepdidthemotherleavetheroom.母亲一直到孩子入睡后才离开房间。Notuntil位于句首引导的主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。二、so,neither,nor位于句首时，表示"也"、"也不"的句子要部分倒装。如：1.TomcanspeakFrench.SocanJack.汤姆会讲法语，杰克也会。

2.Ifyouwon’tgo,neitherwillI.你不去，我也不去。三、only位于句首，且强调状语时,句子也必须用部分倒装。如：1.Onlyinthisway,canyoulearnEnglishwell.2.Onlyafterbeingaskedthreetimesdidhecometothemeeting.四、其他部分倒装的情况。1.so…that…句型中的so位于句首时，句子需倒装。如：Sofrightenedwashethathedidnotdaretomoveaninch.他害怕得很，动也不敢动。2.在某些表示祝愿的句型中。如：Mayyouallbehappy.愿你们都快乐。12.Itisreportedthatlargeamountsoflocusts(蝗虫)_____intheiractivityinthenorthnow.

A.is

B.are

C.was

D.were参考答案：B略13.Hewasdismissedfromschoolbecauseof

therulethatalcoholisbannedfromallbuildings.A.heviolated

B.heviolatingC.hisviolated

D.hisviolating参考答案：D略14.Toavoid

onhowtousetheword,you’dbetterrefertoadictionary.A．togetconfused

B．gettingconfused

C．togetconfusing

D．gettingconfusing参考答案：B15.Manypeoplewouldrather_____eatingoutonholidaythangiveuptheirbroadband,mobilephoneandpay-TVservices,accordingtoarecentsurvey.

A.cutoff

B.cutin

C.cutbackon

D.cutup参考答案：C16.Whilehewassearchingforinformationontheinternetthecomputersystem

suddenly

Abrokedown

Bbrokeup

Cbrokeout

Dbrokein参考答案：A17.Asthelightturnedgreen,Istoodforamoment,not___,andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.

A.moved

B.moving

C.tomove

D.beingmoved参考答案：B18.Thereareanumberofcases_______familymembersorfriendsquarrelwitheach

otherandbecomeenemies.

A.that

B.which

C.where

D.when参考答案：C略二、填空19.Youcanrelaxifrememberingeverythingisnotyourstrongsuit.Recentresearchmakesthecasethatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.Traditionalresearchonmemoryhasfocusedontheadvantagesofrememberingeverything.Butlookingthroughyearsofrecentmemorydata,researchersPaulFranklandandBlakeRichardsoftheUniversityofTorontofoundthattheneurobiology（神经生物学）offorgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.“Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.Assuch,transience（转瞬即逝）isasimportantaspersistenceinmemorysystems，”theirstudyinNeuronstates.Makingintelligentdecisionsdoesnotmeanyouneedtohavealltheinformationathand,itjustmeansyouneedtoholdontothemostvaluableinformation.Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonsituations.Ourbrainsdothisbygeneratingnewneurons（神经元）inourhippocampus（海马体）,whichhavethepowertooverwriteexistingmemoriesthatareinfluencingourdecision-making.“Ifyou''''''''''''''''retryingtodealwiththesituationandyourbrainisconstantlybringingupmultipleconflictingmemories,thatmakesitharderforyoutomakeawisedecision，”RichardstoldScienceDaily.Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain''''''''''''''''slearningregion,tryexercising.Moderateaerobicexerciselikejogging,powerwalking,andswimminghavebeenfoundtoincreasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.Althoughtoomuchforgetfulnesscanbeacauseforconcern,theoccasionallostdetailcanbeasignofaperfectlyhealthymemorysystem.Theresearchersfoundthatourbrainsfacilitatedecision-makingbystoppingusfromfocusingtoomuchonminorpastdetails.Instead,thebrainpromotesgeneralization,helpingusrememberthemostimportantgistofaconversation.“Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife，”Richardssaid.Ifyou''''reananalystwhomeetswithaclientweekly,yourbrainwillrecognizethatthisisaclientwhosenameandstoryyouneedtoremember.Ifthisissomeoneyoumaynevermeetagain,yourbrainwillweighthatinformationaccordingly.Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.Title：BeingForgetfulMightActuallyMeanYou''''re____46____IntroductionRecentresearchprovesthatbeingforgetfulcanbeastrength,forforgettingandselectivememoryareof____47____importanceinourdecision-making.ThegoalofmemoryPeopletakeadvantageofmemorytomakegooddecisionsratherthan___48___information.____49____of

beingforgetfulIthelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.●Makingwisedecisionsinvolvestheexistingmemoriesmaking___50___forthelatestinformation.●Meanwhile,toomuchcontradictoryinformationinmemorycandoharmtoourdecision-making.●Exercisinghelpsincreaseneurons,contributingtoour____51____decision-making.Ithelpsusseethebig____52____．●After____53____theinformationitgets,thebrainchoosestofocusonthekeypoints,occasionallyforgettingunimportantpastdetails.●Whethertorememberorforgetparticularstuffis____54____bythedegreeoftheconsistencyoftheenvironmentandthe____55____ofthingsreappearinglaterinlife.ConclusionOurbrainsareworkingsmarterwhenaimingtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.参考答案：46.Smarter

47.equal

48.transmit

49.Advantages/Benefits

50.way/space/room

51.improved/better

52.picture

53.weighing/comparing54.determined/decided

55.likelihood/chance/possibility/probability本文是说明文，大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择的遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息，选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。【46题详解】考查对文章的理解和形容词。根据文章最后一段Thesefindingsshowusthattotalrecallcanbeoverrated.Ourbrainsareworkingsmarterwhentheyaimtoremembertherightstories,noteverystory.可知研究结果表明当我们只记住重点而不是所有内容时，选择性遗忘会使我们的大脑更聪明。与句中Ourbrainsareworkingsmarter一致，故填Smarter.【47题详解】考查对文章的理解和形容词。根据第一段……beingforgetfulcanbeastrength—infact,selectivememorycanevenbeasignofstrongerintelligence.和第二段……thattheneurobiologyofforgettingcanbejustasimportanttoourdecision-makingaswhatourmindschoosetoremember.可知健忘可能是一种力量——事实上，选择性记忆和我们的决定一样重要。根据asimportantas,故填equal.【48题详解】考查对文章的理解和动词。根据第三段中Thegoalofmemoryisnotthetransmissionofinformationthroughtime.Rather,thegoalofmemoryistohelpimprovedecision-making.可知记忆的目标不是通过时间传递信息。相反,记忆的目标是帮助提高决定。根据thetransmissionofinformation此处用其动词形式，故填transmit.【49题详解】考查对文章的理解和名词。根据本项内容中Ithelpsusforgetoutdatedinformation.和Ithelpsusseethebig____7____．可知此项是介绍健忘的好处或优点，故填Advantages/Benefits.【50题详解】考查对文章的理解和名词。根据第四段Andthatmeansclearingupspaceinyourmemorypalaceforthemostup-to-dateinformationonsituations.可知健忘能够清理大脑空间，为记住最新信息做准备。根据clearingupspace可知是清理空间，腾地方，故填way/space/room.【51题详解】考查对文章的理解和形容词。根据第六段Ifyouwanttoincreasethenumberofnewneuronsinyourbrain''''''''''''''''slearningregion,tryexercising.……increasethenumberofneuronsmakingimportantconnectionsinourbrains.可知锻炼有助于增加大脑学习区域的新神经元的数量，帮助我们更好地做决定。故填improved/better.【52题详解】考查对文章的理解和名词。根据后面内容可知大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择的遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息。记住或忘记特定的东西取决于环境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重现的可能性。这些都说明健忘能够帮助我们记住重要信息，顾全大局。故填picture.【53题详解】考查对文章的理解和动词。根据第七段Whenweforgetthenamesofcertainclientsanddetailsaboutoldjobs,ourbrainismakingachoicethatthesedetailsdonotmatter.可知大脑通过权衡比较后，有选择的遗忘一些旧的或无关紧要的信息。指权衡比较，故填weighing/comparing.【54题详解】考查对文章的理解和动词形式。根据第八段Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.中howconsistenttheenvironmentis可知记住或忘记特定的东西取决于环境的一致性程度，故填determined/decided.【55题详解】考查对文章的理解和名词。根据第八段Oneofthethingsthatdistinguishesanenvironmentwhereyou''''''''''''''''regoingtowanttorememberstuffversusanenvironmentwhereyouwanttoforgetstuffisthisquestionofhowconsistenttheenvironmentisandhowlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.中howlikelythingsaretocomebackintoyourlife.可知记住或忘记特定的东西取决于环境的一致性程度和事情在以后的生活中重现的可能性。与likely意思一致，此处用名词，表示“可能性”，故填likelihood/chance/possibility/probability.20.Severaldaysago，thestudentsinSeniorThree（忙于做）thepreparationsfor2016Gaokao．参考答案：wereoccupiedwith几天前，高三的学生忙着做2016年高考的准备工作．忙着做某事：beoccupiedwithsth，常用短语；句意表达的是过去的事实，要用一般过去时态．三、阅读理解21.Expensiveperfumescomeintinybottles,butmanyhideawhale-sizedsecret.Toperfectaparticularsmell,perfume-makersoftenuseaningredientthatcomesfromspermwhales(抹香鲸),calledambergris.Butusingambergris,whichhelpsaperfumelastlonger,isstronglyopposedbymanypeoplewhothinkitiswrongtokillwhalesjustsowecansmellsweet.JoergBohlmannisneitheraperfumernorawhaleexpert.He'saplantbiologistattheUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada.Buthisdiscoveryofanewplantgenemightpushwhalesoutoftheperfumebusiness.Thegenecomesfromfirtrees,foundthroughoutNorthAmericaandcommonlyusedasChristmastrees.

Thetreesproduceachemicalthatcanbeusedinperfumeinplaceofambergris—butwithacatch.“There'saproblemthatmanypeoplewouldn'tconsider.Inthetree,thechemicalismixedwithmanyothers.Thatmakesseparationachallenge”Bohlmannsays.“It'sliketryingtoisolatesugarfromabiscuit.”Thisiswheresciencebecomesuseful.WhenBohlmannlearnedthatfirtreesproducetheambergris--likechemical,hedecidedtousehisgeneknow--howtofindtheinstructionsforhowtomaketheambergris-substitute.Bohlmannfoundthatgeneandtookitoutofthetreecells.Thenhedidsomethingthatmightsoundstrangetosomeonewhodoesn'tworkingenetics:Bohlmannputthegenefromthetreeintoyeast(酵母)cells.Yeastmaysoundfamiliarbecauseit'susedtomakethingslikebread,wineandbeer.Biologistsliketoworkwithyeastbecauseiteasilyadoptsnewgenesandchangesitsfeaturesandbehavior.WhenBohlmannputthefirtreegeneintotheyeast,theyeaststartedmakingthesamechemicalthathadbeenproducedbythetree.Perfumerspaybigmoneyforambergrisbecauseitisafixative,whichmeansitholdsasmellinplaceonaperson'sbody.“Cheapperfumessmellgoodinthefirsthourorsoandtheneverythingisgone,”explainsBohlmann.“Butexpensiveperfumesaremuchmorestable.Theirsmelllastsmuchlonger,forhoursorevenadayafteryouapplythem.”Thenewchemical,madefromthetreegenes,canbeusedasafixative,too.Andusingyeasttomakeitisfarcheaperthanacquiringambergris.Bohlmannadmitsheneverthoughthe'dgetintotheperfumebusiness.Butnow,hesays,producershavebeencallingtofindouthowtousehistechnologyinnewperfumes.

58.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatifaperfumecontainsambergris,________.A.itsuserprobablysupportswhalehunting B.itssmellwilllastforaboutanhourC.therewillbeawhalesymbolonthebottle D.itisprobablyveryexpensive59.Theunderlinedexpression“withacatch”inParagraph3means________.A.beingdifficulttohold

B.havingahiddenproblemC.needingfurthertesting

D.beingtoosimilar60.Accordingtothepassage,whyareyeastcellsoftenusedingeneticresearch?A.Theycantakeonthecharacteristicsofothergenes.B.Theycanreproducemuchfasterthanothercells.C.Theysharesomeofthequalitiesofplantgenes.D.They'remuchcheapertousethanambergris.