2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选

2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇精选一、与医学相关的写作常用词汇分类（一）医疗、医院、医生1、医生doctor，medicalworkerphysician内科医生③surgeon外科医生④doctorincharge主治医生⑤intern实习医生⑥residentdoctor住院医生2、医院①hospitalThespecializedhospital专科医院Thegeneralhospital普通医院Thecommunityhospital社区医院Thepublichospital公立医院Theprivatehospital私立医院②clinc门诊Conventionalclinictreatment普通门诊ward病房medicalteam医疗队3、医疗手段drugtherapy药物治疗medicaltreatment医疗medicalinstruments医疗器械diagnose(v)诊断(n)diagnosisprevent(v)预防sterilize(v)消毒|administrateadrug给药preventandtreatdisease(v)预防和治疗疾病⑼TCM中医r>(10)chemotherapy化疗medicalservice医疗服务complainof(v)主述healthcheckup健康普查diagnosingandtreating诊断和治疗consultthedoctor(v)咨询;、医疗体制(1)healthcaresystem医疗体制(2)medicaldisputes医疗纠纷(3)medicalaccident医疗事故(4)therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients医患关系(5)medicalinsurancesystem医疗保险体系(6)medicalaidfund医疗救助基金、医德(1)medicalethics医德(2)patient-oriented以病人为核心(3)humanistic人道主义的(4)compassionate富于同情性的(5)considerate体贴周到的(6)resolute果断的(7)servicequality服务质量(8)togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople6、病人(1)patient(2)thesick(3)theinvalid(4)sufferer疾病1、患病的表达方式⑴sufferfrom(v)contract(v)peoplewithsomedisease患病人群thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease易感某种疾病的人2、必知疾病名称heartdisease心脏病hypertension高血压kidneyproblem肾病stroke中风shock休克thebloodpressure血压diabetes糖尿病obesity肥胖terminalillness绝症incurableillness不治之症cancer癌症tumor肿瘤cancerofearlystage癌症晚期emergencycase急症seriousillness重症thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑难病shortbreath短气syndrome综合症complications并发症process病程boneloss骨质疏松short-sighted(adj)近视3、传染病(1)感染源virus病毒bacteria细菌pest害虫channelandmedia传染途径及媒介(2)传染疾病somediseaseepidemic传染性疾病plague鼠疫influenza(简)flu流感infectioncontagion传染病infectiousdiseases传染病AIDS艾滋病SARS(3)传染epidemic(a)流行的，传染的blockthechannel(v)disseminate传播crossinfection交叉感染、疾病、病痛illnesssicknessdiseaseailmentsuffering、疾病的转归(1)疾病的恢复recoverrecoveryrecuperateresumerecruitreinstate(2)疾病的恶化deteriorateaggravateexasperatemakeworseworsen7、其他相关词汇outbreakandspendingbreakout(v)疾病的爆发spread(v)疾病的扩散theincidenceofcommondiseases常见病发生率taboo禁忌speedupbloodcirculation(v)improvethecardiacfunctions(v)sideeffects副反应complainof主述药物、药物名称medicinedrugremedymedicinalherbspowertabletpill、药物用法开药：prescribesomemedicineforsomediseaseswriteoutaproscription服药takeamedicine治…的疾病aremedyforsomediseases、其他相关词汇drugtherapy药物治疗sideeffects副反应drugabuse药物滥用drugstore药房overthecounter非处方药drugallergy药物过敏drugpoisoning药物中毒prescription处方expensesformedicine药费chargesformedicinedrugrebate药品回扣（四）心理疾病、心理学专业词汇subhealth亚健康psychologicalbenefits心理健康psychologicalproblem心理问题psychologicalconsultation心理咨询psychologicalobstacles心理障碍mentalobstacles心理障碍psychologicalmassage心理按摩psychology心理学/心理psychotherapy心理治疗psychologicalexpert心理专家、情绪词汇overcomedisappointdisappointedshy，flushfrustrationfailurewillpoweroptimismoptimisticbesensitivetonervoustensionalsadagonypessimismpessimisticconfidentconfidencestresspressuredepressdepresseddepressiondepressive、疲劳相关词汇fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary肥胖与营养1、营养物质nutrient营养素protein蛋白质fat脂肪glucose葡萄糖vitamin维生素sugar糖类heatcaloriesquantityofheat热量carbohydrate碳水化合物softdrinkbeverage软饮料cholesterol胆固醇2、营养与饮食awell-balanceddietnutrition营养nutritional营养的二、医学写作其他常用词汇下降、减少reduction，decrease，decline，diminution,drop，descend，go/comedown，fall上升、增加rise;goup;ascend;increase禽流感H1N1flu/birdflu/avianflu;食品安全foodsafety公共卫生突发事件publichealthemergencies应急反应immediateresponseto.关注民生concern(focuson,payattentionto)people'slivelihood/well-being&>6IU城乡卫生体系urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem预防保健diseasepreventionandhealthcare服务体系servicesystemA讲究卫生payattentiontohygiene个人和环境卫生personalandenvironmentalhygiene9i.清淡的lite蛋白添加饮食protein-complementeddiet预防的措施preventiveinitiatives二preventivemeasuresAAN人畜共患病zoonosis二anthropozoonosis人兽共患病虫媒insectpollination;虫媒传染病insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectiousdisease19•肾病综合征nephritic/renalsyndrome;爆发流行breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakofexplosion传染（及相关词）：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/contagious,transmission/transmittable;!'传播途径routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind;persontopersontransmission传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/propagation{D污染pollution/pollute,contamination/contaminate福祉well-being,happiness衰老growold;aging;senility;seniles每况愈下frombadtoworse相似的akinto二similarto脓的,化脓的purulent-脂肪肝fattyliver血压hypertension肠癌CancerofRectumandColon亚健康sub-health8过劳死deathfromoverwork[长期以来foralongtime;overtheyears0养生preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth分类bedividedinto=fallintothreecategories=begroupedaccordingtotheirorigin,intothreeclasses.=becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedintothreekinds基本职责二basic/fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations基本原贝Ufundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple道德morals,morality,ethics均含"道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。民众the(general)public,themassesofthepeople,thecommonpeople合作者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;co-agent死亡人数deathtoll‘deaths,thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfrom.归结为boildownto;comedownto归因为/归功于beattributableto，beattributedto，ascribeorattribute...to,owe...to归咎于layorputtheblameonsb,blame.on,ascribeorattribute.to，impute.to大规模onalargescale,extensive,large-scale,massive大规模流行large-scaletransmission，becomeapandemic，massiveattack/outbreak表面上onthesurface,apparently,ostensibly,superficial,seemingly因果关系