天津大学附属中学 2022-2023学年高二英语期末试卷含解析

天津大学附属中学2022-2023学年高二英语期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.Thefiveofus

inBeijingforaboutamonthlastsummer..A.study

B.havestudied

C.studied

D.hadstudied参考答案：C略2.Thereislittledoubtthatwithpowerand______itcomesmoreresponsibilityinsteadofentertainment.A.possession

B.privilegeC.association

D.pattern参考答案：B【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，权力和特权带来的是更多的责任，而不是娱乐。A.possession财产；B.privilege特权；C.association联合；D.pattern图案，根据题意，故选B。3.Though_____experience,sheeventuallygotthechancetoworkfortheHaierCompany.

A.lackingof

B.lacking

C.lacked

D.lackedfor参考答案：B略4.Tonyissaid________toNewYork,andnowheisstudyingmedicineinafamouscollegeinAmerica.A．havegone

B．tohavegone

C.going

D．togo参考答案：B5.Iborrowedabook________byJ.KRowlingfromthelibrarylastweek.A.written

B.waswritten

C.towrite

D.writing参考答案：A6.

——________Davidthismorning?

——Notyet,butheissuretobeherebeforenoon.

A.Haveyouseen

B.Willyousee

C.Doyousee

D.Didyousee参考答案：A7.Whenhewasworkingthereasajournalist,he_______thesufferingofthepoorinthatareawithhisowneyes.A.guarded

B.witnessed

C.predicted

D.Imagined参考答案：B8.Theteacherexplainedthequestionclearlyto____hisstudents____itsimportance.

A.impress,with

B.impressed,at

C.impress,in

D.impressed,of参考答案：A9.---Hi,Dylan,haveyoumadeupyourmindyet?---Well，________，IthinkI'mgoingtohavemyhairshaved.A.nowandthen

B.moreorless

C.backandforth

D.soonerorlater参考答案：D10.Themanagerwantstoseechangesinthecompany,andIamsurehewill

.A.inparticular

B.inturn

C.incharge

D.intime参考答案：D句意：经理想看到公司里的变化，我想他早晚会看到的。inparticular尤其，特别；inturn依次;轮流地;incharge主管，看管；intime早晚。根据语境，选D。【考点】考查介词短语11.----WheredidyouwatchthenationalflagbeingraisedlastMondaymorning?----Itwasonthesquare_____weflewkitessometimes.A.which

B.that

C.towhich

D.where参考答案：D12.“Things________nevercomeagain！”Icouldn’thelptalkingtomyself.A．lost

B．losingC．tolose

D．havelost参考答案：A略13.Theway________theproblemsoundsreasonable.

A.referredtosolve

B.referredtosolving

C.referredtotosolve

D.referringtotosolve参考答案：C略14.______yourhelp,weweresuccessful

A

Thanksto

B

dueto

C

because

Dregardlessof参考答案：A15.Istillrememberthedays___Ispent______withyouinBeijing．

A．when;staying

B．what;tostay

C．that;staying

D．during;tostay参考答案：C略16.It’ssaidthatinthatareathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows______.A.itwhattodowith

B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit

D.todowhatwithit参考答案：C二、填空17.Alotofpeoplemakethea

（设想）thatpovertyonlyexistsintheThirdWorld．参考答案：assumption考查翻译填空．根据句意及句子结构，要填入一个名词，assumption意为"设想"，是可数名词，要用单数形式．故正确答案是：assumption．18.Afresh-facedbatchofteenagersjustbegananewschoolyear,butwilltheygetthemostoutofit?Inthemornings,manyareforcedtogettoschoolmuchtooearly.Andatnight,screensareatemptationthat’shardtoresist.Thisdoublewhammy(双重灾难)isaperfectlessoninsleepdeprivation(剥夺).Threeoutofeveryfourstudentsingrades9to12failtosleeptheminimumofeighthoursthattheAmericanAcademyofMedicinerecommendsfortheiragegroup.Inmostcases,insufficientsleepresultsinreducedattention,preventingstudents’progressandloweringgrades.Morealarmingly,sleepdeprivationmayleadtophysicalandemotionalproblems.Itisimportanttounderstandwhyteenagershaveaparticularlyhardtimegettingenoughsleep,andwhatadultsneedtodotohelp.First,areminderofthebasicbiology:Adolescentsarenolongerthemorninglarksoftheiryoungeryears.Theybecomerewiredasnightowls,stayingawakelaterandthensleepingin.Thisismostlydrivenbychangesinthewaythebrainrespondstolight.Newtechnologyhabitsaren’thelping.Moreteenagersnowturntoactivitiesinvolvingscreensatnight.Thegrowthinscreentimeisparticularlyproblematicforsleep.ThebluelightemittedbyLEDs,TVs,tabletsandsmartphonessuppressesthebody’ssecretion(分泌)ofmelatonin,thehormonethatsignalsit’stimetosleep.Overdosingonscreensatnighteffectivelytellsthebrainit’sstilldaytime,delayingthebody’scuestosleepevenfurther.Parentsshouldinformtheirkidsofthetimethatcanbespentonscreens,andpraisechildrenwhoshowsignsofregulatingtheirownmediaconsumption.Inthehourbeforebedtime,thereshouldbeasuspensiononbrightlightsinthehome,avoidingdevicesandharshLEDbulbsinkitchensandbathrooms.In2016,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendedthatmiddleandhighschoolsstartnoearlierthan8:30a.m.,apolicynowbackedbytheAmericanMedicalAssociationandmanyotherhealthorganizations.Parentsalsoneedtojoinforceswithcommunityleaders,sleepscientists,healthprofessionalsandeducatorstoputschoolstarttimesonthelocal,thenstateagendas.Wheneverschoolshavemanagedthetransitiontoalaterstarttime,studentsgetmoresleep,attendancegoesup,gradesimproveandthereisasignificantreductionincaraccidents.TitleLetTeenagersSleepInIntroductionThe____51____ofstudentsfailtohaveenoughsleep.Consequencesof

insufficientsleep★Lackingsleep,studentsfailto____52____ontheirstudy,progresspreventedandgradeslowered.★Deprivedofsleep,studentsare___53___tosufferfromphysicalandemotionalproblems.Reasonsforlackingsleep★Biologically,adolescentstendtosleeplateandgetup___54___,whichcan’tmeettheactualneeds.★Long____55____tothebluelightfromscreenspreventsthe

body’ssecretionofthehormonesendingsleepingsignals.____56____totheproblem★Parentsshouldsetreal___57___onscreentime,andpraisechildrenwhocanregulatetheirownmediaconsumption.★Beforebedtime,parentsshouldcreateahealthyenvironment___58___frombrightortoostronglights.★Jointeffortsshouldbemadeto____59____theschoolstarttimeuntil,say,8:30a.m.Conclusion

Changesonschoolstarttimewill___60___bothstudentsandsocietyalthoughthereisalongwaytogo.

参考答案：51.majority

52.focus/concentrate

53.likely

54.late

55.exposure

56.Solutions/Approaches

57.limits/restrictions

58.free

59.delay/postpone

60.benefit/profit【分析】这是一篇议论文。短文介绍了大多数学生都存在睡眠不足的现象，并分析了睡眠不足所产生的后果、原因、以及解决措施。【51题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第一段“Inthemornings,manyareforcedtogettoschoolmuchtooearly”以及第二段“Threeoutofeveryfourstudentsingrades9to12failtosleeptheminimumofeighthoursthattheAmericanAcademyofMedicinerecommendsfortheiragegroup”可知，在早晨，许多人被迫提前上学。九年级至十二年级的学生中，有四分之三的人睡眠不足的时间达不到美国医学研究院建议的八小时的睡眠时间。所以通过“many,Threeoutofeveryfourstudents”可知，大多数学生睡眠不足。故填majority。【52题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第二段“Inmostcases,insufficientsleepresultsinreducedattention”可知，在大多数情况下，睡眠不足会导致注意力下降。所以通过“reducedattention”可知，由于缺乏睡眠，学生们不能集中精力学习。故填focus/concentrate。【53题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第二段“Morealarmingly,sleepdeprivationmayleadtophysicalandemotionalproblems.”可知，更令人担忧的是，睡眠不足可能导致身体和情感问题。所以通过“may”可知，学生缺乏睡眠，学生很可能遭受身体和情感问题。故填likely。【54题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第三段“Theybecomerewiredasnightowls,stayingawakelaterandthensleepingin.”可知，他们变得像夜猫子一样，熬夜，然后睡懒觉。所以通过“sleepingin”可知，青少年起的很晚。故填late。【55题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由第四段“ThebluelightemittedbyLEDs,TVs,tabletsandsmartphonessuppressesthebody’ssecretion(分泌)ofmelatonin,thehormonethatsignalsit’stimetosleep.”可知，LED、电视、平板电脑和智能手机发出的蓝光会抑制人体的褪黑激素分泌，这种激素是一种向睡眠时间发出信号的激素。所以通过“emitted”可知，长时间暴露在屏幕上的蓝光中，可以防止人体分泌激素发出睡眠信号。故填exposure。【56题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段和第三段以及第二段的内容可知，这三段主要在讨论对孩子睡眠不足的具体解决措施。故填Solutions/Approaches。【57题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段“Parentsshouldinformtheirkidsofthetimethatcanbespentonscreens,”可知，家长应该告知孩子们可以在屏幕上花费的时间。所以通过“inform”可知，家长应该对孩子可以在屏幕上花费的时间设定真正的限制。故填limits/restrictions。【58题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第四段“Inthehourbeforebedtime,thereshouldbeasuspensiononbrightlightsinthehome,avoidingdevicesandharshLEDbulbsinkitchensandbathrooms.”可知，在就寝前一小时，应该把家里明亮的灯悬挂起来，避免厨房和浴室里的设备和刺眼的LED灯泡。所以通过“avoiding”可知，睡前，父母应该创造一个没有明亮或强光的健康环境。故填free。【59题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由倒数第三段“In2016,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendedthatmiddleandhighschoolsstartnoearlierthan8:30a.m”可知，2016年，美国儿科学会建议初中和高中的上课时间不要早于上午8:30。所以通过“noearlierthan”可知，应该共同努力把开学时间推迟到，比如说上午8:30。故填delay/postpone。【60题详解】考查信息的提取能力和归纳总结能力。由最后段“Wheneverschoolshavemanagedthetransitiontoalaterstarttime,studentsgetmoresleep,attendancegoesup,gradesimproveandthereisasignificantreductionincaraccidents.”可知，只要学校把上课时间推迟，学生就会有更多的睡眠时间，出勤率就会上升，成绩就会提高，车祸也会大大减少。所以通过“studentsgetmoresleep,attendancegoesup,gradesimproveandthereisasignificantreductionincaraccidents”关键信息的归纳总结。可知，尽管还有很长的路要走，但是改变上课时间对学生和社会都有益处。故填benefit/profit。【点睛】任务型阅读是对已阅读信息的二次加工的过程，它要求考生归纳概括文中要点，整合零散信息并且把系统化的信息以表格等形式有序地表述出来，使零散信息条理化、明朗化、简单化和形象化。通过阅读表格等形式使读者迅速理清文章结构，获取主要信息，抓住段落主题，了解文章的大意。其中信息归纳题为任务型阅读常见的题型。信息归纳题。1.解题关键：根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。2.归纳词的特征。1，概括性。2，针对性。3，醒目性。由最后段“Wheneverschoolshavemanagedthetransitiontoalaterstarttime,studentsgetmoresleep,attendancegoesup,gradesimproveandthereisasignificantreductionincaraccidents.”可知，只要学校把上课时间推迟，学生就会有更多的睡眠，出勤率就会上升，成绩就会提高，车祸也会大大减少。所以通过“studentsgetmoresleep,attendancegoesup,gradesimproveandthereisasignificantreductionincaraccidents”关键信息的归纳总结，可知，尽管还有很长的路要走，但是改变上课时间对学生和社会都有益处。故填benefit/profit。三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。CalculusBookforsale!Thomas’Calculus—Weir,Hass,&Giordano11th

edition(版本)Brandnew,neverbeenusedbutIwillletitgoforusedprice.Bookstoresoldat$150.Callmeandletmehearyouroffer.Tel:773-885-6604READINGISGOODFORYOU,PEOPLE!Whydon’tmorepeoplereadtoday?Ihavesomanygreatbooksforsale.IfyouareinterestedinanyoftheseGOODBOOKDEALS,emailmeorcallmeat650-759-7174topickthemup.·AlltheDaysOfMyLife(SoFar),byAlisonSweeney$5·AllOurYesterdays,byRobertB.Parker$1·TheMeaningofEverything,bySimonWinchester$5·ExploringLanguage,byGaryGoshgarian$5·TheLittlePrince,byAntoinedeSaint-Exupery$1·JackatSea,byPhilippeDupasquier$1“TheChildren’sClassics”BookSet—$200ThisisabooksetthatI’dlovetokeep,butjustdon’thaveanyextraroomonmyalreadycrowdedbookshelf.Itisanold,traditionalset.Thesetis