Unit 1 Reading and thinking 复习巩固检测-高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

人教版新教材选择性必修二Unit1ScienceandScientists复习巩固资料单词&ReadingandThinking词汇（一）课表词汇和短语（英译汉并注意词性和相应的用法）1.attendto2.onceandforall3.contradictory4.infection5.subscribeof8.severe9.multiple10.household11.suspect12.betoervention15.link16.raw17.pure18.substantial19.decrease20.statistic21.transform22.watertein27.cell28.virus29.initial30.solid31.cast32.framework33.finding34.pour35.concrete36.shadow37.breakout38.mechanic39.defend40.assistant41.inchargeedown48.steady49.astronomer50.brilliant51.besides52.telescope53.furthermore54.aboveall55.shift56.fault57.vivid58.trace59.patriotic60.thanksto（二）本单元相关话题词汇(音译汉)cholera____________diarrhoea___________________dehydration______________________germ_____________virus_____________aerospace_____________mechanical_____________aviation_____________jet____________（三）专有名词(了解常识)1.QueenVictoria2.Cambridge3.non-Newtonianfluid4.theJetPropulsionLaboratory5.StephenHawking6.FredHoyle7.thebigbangtheory课文巩固。（在空白处填空）Cholerausedtobeoneofthemostfeared1.__________(disease)intheworld,untilaBritishdoctor.JohnSnow,showed2.__________itcouldbeovercome.Thisillnesscausesseverediarrhoea,dehydration,andeven3.__________.Intheearly19thcentury,when4.__________outbreakofcholerahitEurope,millionsofpeoplediedfromthedisease.Asayoungdoctor,JohnSnowbecame5.__________becausenooneknewhowtopreventortreatcholera.Intime,herosetobecomeafamousdoctor,andevenattendedtoQueenVictoriawhenshegavebirth.However,heneverlosthisdesire6.__________(destroy)choleraonceandforall.Ingeneral,doctorsinthosedayshadtwocontradictory7.__________(theory)toexplainhowcholeraspread.Onetheorywas8.__________badaircausedthedisease.Anotherwasthatcholera9.__________(cause)byaninfectionfromgermsinfoodorwater.Snowsubscribed10.__________thesecondtheory.Itwascorrect,11.__________hestillneededproof.12.__________(consequent),whenanoutbreakofcholerahitLondonin1854,Snowbegantoinvestigate.Hediscoveredthatintwoparticularstreetsthecholeraoutbreakwas13.__________severethatmorethan500peoplediedintendays.Hewasdeterminedtofindoutwhy.Snowbeganby14.__________(mark)onamaptheexactplaceswhereallthose15.__________diedhadlived.Thereweremultiple16.__________(death)nearthewaterpumpinBroadStreet(especiallyhousenumbers16,37,38,and40).However,somehouseholds(suchas20and21BroadStreet,and8and9CambridgeStreet)17.__________(have)nodeaths.Thesepeopleworkedinthepubat7CambridgeStreet.They18._____________(give)freebeer,andsohadnotdrunkthewaterfromthepump.Snowsuspectedthatthewaterpumpwas19.__________(blame).Whatismore,inanotherpartofLondon,awomanandherdaughter20.__________(die)ofcholeraaftermovingawayfromBroadStreet.Itseemedthatthewomanlikedthewaterfromthepumpsomuchthatshehadit21.__________(deliver)toherhouseeveryday.Asaresultofthisevidence,JohnSnowwasabletoannouncethatthepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms.Accordingly,hehadthehandleofthepump22.__________(remove)sothatitcouldnotbeused.Throughthisintervention,thediseasewasstoppedinitstracks.The23.__________(true)wasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Moreover,Snowwaslaterabletoshowalinkbetweenothercasesofcholera24.__________thedifferentwatercompaniesinLondon.SomecompaniessoldwaterfromtheRiverThames25.__________waspollutedbyrawwaste.Thepeoplewhodrankthiswaterweremuchmorelikely26.__________(get)cholerathanthosewhodrankpureorboiledwaterThroughSnow’s27._______________(不懈努力),watercompaniesbegantosellcleanwaterandthethreatofcholeraaroundtheworldsaw28.______________________(大幅降低).However,choleraisstillaproblem.Eachyear,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldgetcholeraandmanydiefromit.Fortunately,wenowknowhowtopreventcholera,29.__________(多亏了)theworkofJohnSnow.Moreover,inhisuseofmapsandstatistics,Snowtransformedthewayscientistsstudydiseases.Forthisreason,Snow30.__________(consider)thefatherofmodernepidemiology.答案：一、词汇（一）课表词汇和短语（英译汉并注意词性和相应的用法）1.attendto照顾，照料2.onceandforall彻底地；最终地3.contradictory相互矛盾的，对立的4.infection感染，传染5.subscribeto同意；赞同；订购6.severe极为恶劣的；严重的7.proof证据8.infect使感染；传染9.multiple数量多的；多种多样10.household一家人；家庭11.suspectvt.怀疑；n.怀疑对象12.betoblame对某事应负责任的13.handlevt.处理；n.把手14.intervention干预；介入；干涉15.linkvt.把...连接;n.联系16.raw生的；未经处理的17.pure干净的；纯的18.substantial大量的；重大的19.decreasevt.减少；减低；n.减少20.statistic统计数字21.transform使改变形态；使改观22.waterpump水泵23.frustrated懊恼的；沮丧的24.microscope显微镜25.thinking发现；调查结果26.protein蛋白质27.cell细胞；小房间；单间牢房28.virus病毒29.initial最初的；起初的30.solid可靠的；固体的31.cast投射；向...投以；投掷32.framework框架；结构33.rainbow彩虹34.pour倒出；倾泻；斟35.concreten.混凝土；adj.具体的36.shadow阴影；影子37.breakout突然开始；爆发38.mechanic机械师；机械修理工39.defend保卫；守卫40.assistant助手；助理41.inchargeof主管；掌管42.leadership领导才能；领导地位43.missile导弹44.outstanding优秀的；杰出的45.gifted有天赋的46.abstractadj.抽象的；n.摘要47.comedown患病;染上48.steady稳定的；平稳的49.astronomer天文学家50.brilliant聪颖的；绝妙的51.besidesprep.除...之外；adv.此外52.telescope望远镜53.furthermore此外；再者54.aboveall最重要的是；尤其是55.shiftn.转换；轮班；v.转移56.fault弱点；过错57.vivid生动的；鲜亮的58.tracevt.追踪；查出；n.痕迹59.patriotic爱国的60.thanksto多亏了（二）本单元相关话题词汇(音译汉)1.cholera霍乱diarrhoea腹泻dehydration脱水germ微生物；细菌virus病毒2.aerospace航空航天工业mechanical机械的；机器的aviation航空制造业jet喷气式飞机（三）专有名词(了解常识)1.QueenVictoria维多利亚女王2.Cambridge剑桥3.non-Newtonianfluid非牛顿流体4.theJetPropulsionLaboratory喷气推进实验室5.StephenHawking史蒂芬.霍金（英国物理学家）6.FredHoyle弗雷德.霍伊尔（英国天文学家）7.thebigbangtheory大爆炸宇宙论二、课文巩固。（在空白处填空）1.diseases2.how3.death4.an5.frustratedtodestroy7.theories8.that9.wascaused10.to11.but12.Consequently13.so14.marking15.who16.deaths17.hadhad18.hadbeengiven19.toblame20.haddied21.delivered22.removed23.truth24.and25.that/which26.toget27.tirelessefforts28.asubstantialdecrease29.thanksto30.isconsidered✱✱✱附课文翻译在英国医生约翰・斯诺向人们展示如何战胜霍乱之前，霍乱曾是世界上最令人恐惧的疾病之一。它可导致严重腹泻、脱水甚至死亡。十九世纪初，崔乱暴发，肆虐欧洲，数百万人丧命。由于当时无人知道如何预防或治疗霍乱，年轻的约翰・斯诺医生很沮丧。后来，他成了一位名医。甚至照料分娩的