初中英语中考复习 2022年精选中考考前语法专项突击16讲-3 时态之完成时：现在完成时

grammar:ThePresentPerfectTense结构have/has+done(过去分词)助动词1.表示过去发生或已完成的动作，对现在造成影响。定义already已经yet还；已经just刚刚Ihavejustdrunkaglassofjuice.→Idon’twanttodrinkanythingnow.ButIhaven’thaddinner

yet.Ihavealreadydrunkaglassofjuice.→Iamhungrynow.影响：现在不渴了，不想喝影响：现在饿了justalreadyyetIhavejustdrunkaglassofjuice.ButIhaven'thaddinneryet.Ihavealreadydrunkaglassofjuice.肯定句否、疑用already或yet填空。(1)Mostofushavefinishedourcompositions_______.(2)Hehasn’tvisitedtheexhibition_______.(3)—Havetheytakendowntheoldpictures_______?—No,theyhaven’t.alreadyyetyetalready→肯定句；yet

→否定/疑问句；句中/句末句末2.过去某时到现在的经历。定义ever曾经never从不once;twice次数sofar到目前为止recently最近inthelastfewdays在过去几天HasLiJianjianeverhadhot-pot?LiJianjianhasneverhadhot-pot.LiJianjianhashadhot-potrecently.LiJianjianhashadhot-potsofar.LiJianjianhashadhot-pottwice.LiJianjianhashadhot-potinthelastfewdays.everneverrecentlysofartwiceinthelastfewdays我们城市的公共交通系统这几年改善了很多。Thepublictransportsysteminourcity______________alotinthepastfewyears.improvedhas—Whydon’tyougotothemoviewithus?—Oh,I_______ittwice.A.haveseen B.saw C.seeA3.动作(延续性)发生在过去持续到现在，可能持续到未来。定义forsinceTheyhavelivedtogetherformanyyears.Theyhavelivedtogethersincemanyyearsago.forsinceHowlonghavetheylivedtogether?howlongHowlongTheyhavelivedtogetherformanyyears.forTheyhavelivedtogethersincemanyyearsago.sinceforsince+一段时间+时间点Theyhavelivedtogethersincetheywereveryyoung.+一般过去时句子Myunclehasbeenadoctor________10yearsandmyaunthasbeenacoach________10yearsago.A.since;for B.for;since C.since;since D.for;forB现在分词规则变化规则动词原形过去式过去分词

直+ed

去e+ed双+ed改y为i+edworklivestopcryworked

worked

livedlivedstoppedstoppedcriedcriedhelphelped

helped

likelikedlikedplanplannedplannedstudystudiedstudied

一般动词

不发音e结尾

以辅音+y结尾

重读闭音节结尾现在分词不规则变化动词原形过去式过去分词A-A-AA-B-CA-B-AreadreadreadcutcutcutgrewgrowgrownwentgogonecamecomecomeranrunrunA-B-Bsellsoldsoldtaughtteachtaught写出下列动词的过去分词形式。see_______plan_______like______know______buy_______play_______help_______worry_______seenlikedplannedknownboughtplayedhelpedworriedMylittlebrotherGeorgehasalready________(grow)muchtallerandstrongerthanheusedtobe.grownLily_______alot.She’snolongerthegirlsheusedtobe.A.changes B.changed C.haschanged D.willchangeCBill________________(learn)alotaboutChineseculturesincehecametoChina.haslearned句型转换句子类别原形肯定句否定句一般疑问句回答特殊疑问句Shehasfinishedherhomework.主语+have/has+过去分词(done)+其他.Shehasn’tfinishedherhomework.Has

shefinishedherhomework?主语+have/hasnot+过去分词+其他.Yes,shehas.No,shehasn’t.Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+have/has.否定回答：No,主语+haven't/hasn't.特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他？Whathasshefinished?IhavebeentoHongkongbefore.(改为否定句)I________________________Hongkongbefore.haven’tbeentoHehascometoschool.(改为一般疑问句并做肯定和否定回答)________________________________________？________,________________.________,________________.HashecometoschoolYeshehasNohehasn’tgrammar:ThePresentPerfectTense现在完成时VS一般过去时Iwon’tgotoseethemovietonight,becauseI________myticket.A.lost B.havelostC.willlostD.didn’tlose现在完成时

1.过去发生的动作或状态从过去一直延续到现在。3.过去某时到现在的经历。1.过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。2.过去经常或反复发生的动作。上下两句成因果当用现在完成时一般过去时2.过去发生的动作对现在的影响。IwillreturnthebooktothelibrarybecauseI

_____________(finish)readingit.havefinishedA:Hehasboughtalotofnovelsfor3years.瞬间动词与延续性动词B:Hehashadalotofnovelsfor3years.瞬间动词用法：

不与含for,since等引导的一段时间连用。瞬间动词Q:A和B哪个表达是正确的?❌瞬间动词与延续性动词找规律瞬间动词延续性动词瞬间动词延续性动词borrowkeepfallasleepbeasleepbuyhavecomebediebedeadstop/finishbeoverbegin/startbeonwakeupbeawakeleavebeawayopen/closebeopen/closedmarrybemarriedjoinbeamemberof/bein不买不借就放be借就存着买就有B:Hehashadalotofnovelsfor3years.A:Hehasboughtalotofnovelsfor3years.❌C:Hehasborrowedsomenovelsfromthelibraryforaweek.D:Hehaskeptthenovelsforaweek.E:Thebughasdiedforalongtime.F:Thebughasbeendeadforalongtime.❌❌判断对错

Iboughtthebooktwodaysago.(改为同义句)I

thebookfortwodays.havehad不买不借就放be借就存着买就有Myparents

(marry)for30years.havebeenmarried

不买不借就放be借就存着买就有Ifellasleeptwohoursago.→I

since

.havebeenasleeptwohoursago不买不借就放be借就存着买就有“have三兄弟”havegonetohavebeentohavebeenin去了没回来去了回来了在某地待了多长时间有去必(been)有回刚(gone)去还没回ThisisMissWangspeaking.IwanttospeaktoMary.She