初中英语语法现在完成时练习题及答案剖析

一、时态讲解：现在完成时（1）构成：现在完成时由助动词have+过去分词构成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has，其余用have.现在完成时的否定式直接在助动词后面加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语之前。以study为例，其否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：否定式疑问式Ihavenot(haven't)studied..HaveIstudied.?Youhavenot(haven't)studied..Haveyoustudied.?Hehasnot(hasn't)studied..Hashestudied.?否定疑问式简单回答（肯定/否定）HaveInot(Haven'tI)studied.?Yes,youhave.No,youhaven't.Haveyounot(Haven'tyou)studied.?Yes,Ihave.No,Ihaven't.Hashenot(Hasn'the)studied.?Yes,hehas.No,hehasn't.2）用法：现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。I'msurewe'vemetbefore.我肯定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。表示持续到现在的动作或状态，往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，如recently,already,just,lately,for..since...,yet等。如：Ihaven'theardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaven'tseenyourecently.最近我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们离开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.★注意：a)since和for的区别since后接时间点，如1993，lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgottherefor后接一段时间，表示“长达多久”，如tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since和for填空JimhasbeeninIrelandMonday.JillhasbeeninIrelandthreedays.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.Maryisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o'clock.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.Thebusislate.They'vebeenwaiting20minutes.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。因此，不能说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.xTheyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.x以上三句话可以改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theoldmanhasfor4months.Theyhaveonlyfor5minuteshave(has)been和have(has)gone的区别：表示“曾到过某地”要用“have(has)been”;表示“已经去某地”要用“have(has)gone”。试比较：Wherehashebeen?他刚才到哪里去了？(已经回来了)Wherehashegone?他上哪儿去了？(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大).现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein,但可以和already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。例如：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihaven'treadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我从前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红一直是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan'an.他们从未去过延安。Ihaven'tseenhimlately.我近来没看到他。irreguiarVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriven

eatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgotgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:Fillintheblankswiththeproperform.Ialready(see)thefilm.I(see)itlastweek.he(finish)hisworktoday?Notyet.Myfatherjust(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.Where'sLiMing?He(go)totheteacher'soffice.I(work)heresinceI(move)herein1999.SofarI(make)quiteafewfriendshere.HowlongtheWangs(stay)here?Fortwoweeks.Ijust(finish)myhomework.He(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.

you(find)yoursciencebookyet?Ifit(be)finetomorrow,I'llgowithyou.Thestudents(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.Look!Themonkey(climb)thetree.Mymother(come)toseemenextSunday.I'velostmypen.you(see)itanywhere?Choosethebestanswer.Howlonghaveyouhere?arrivedD.beenarrivedD.beenB.for2yearsmyagewas6.Mygrandpadied.A.attheageofmy2C.whenIwas2.JanehastoBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.D.neverbeenD.thatD.willmeetA.beenD.neverbeenD.thatD.willmeetItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.for--WhowillgotothestationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmet--Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit?--Just2weeks.A.will,buyB.did,buyA.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingD.have,had--DoyouknowLydiaverywell?--Yes,SheandIfriendssincewewereveryyoung.D.haveturnedA.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeenD.haveturnedTheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeenD.live--Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black?--Sorry.HetheBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wenttoD.willgoto--youevertotheUS?--Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goD.were,goingRewritethesentences.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)IbeentoMacaubefore.Hehasn'tcometosChecaUsehewasill.(就划线部分提问)hecometoschool?Iboughanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)Ijustanewbike.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.改为同义句）WeEnglishthreeyearsHehasneversurfed,?（改成反意疑问句）Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（对划线部分提问）havetheybeenhere?Theoldmanlastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（动词填空）MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句转换）MissGaohasanhourago.Askthequestions1）Ihavebeentherefortwodays.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zyou?2）Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?3）Helefthereyesterday,he?4）Theyboughtabooktwohoursago,theyabook?Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.Ihaveseenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschooltenyears.“Haveyouseenthefilm?”“No,Ihaveseenit.”“Hasthebusleft?”“Yes,ithasleft.”现在完成时练习题及答案一、翻译下列句子：你曾经吃过鱼和薯条吗？我刚刚丢了我的化学书。我以前从来没去过那个农场。他已经吃过午饭你已经看过这部电影了吗？我哥哥还没回来。这本字典我已买了三年了。他离开中国三年了。我认识他们五年了。他们已去了美国五年了。自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。我妹妹成为一个大学生已经三年。自从1999年以来他们就认识。我来到这个学校已3年多了。二、用since和for填空

twoyears2.twoyearsago3.___lastmonth4.19995.yesterday6.4o'clock74hours8.anhourago___wewerechildren10.lunchtime11.shelefthereHehaslivedinNanjing___theyearbeforelast.I'veknownhimwewerechildren.OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.16.It'sabouttenyearssheleftthecity.三、结束性动词转换为以下延续性动词或者表示可以延续的状态的短语。arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetospfbeinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethereTOC\o"1-5"\h\zHegottoBeijingfiveminutesago.HeBeijingfor.ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince.Iwenthomeyesterday.IhomeforTheycameherelastweek.Teto/gobackto/returntofbebacktogooutfbeoutHecameouttwoyearsago.Hefor.WereturntoBeijingyesterday.We___toBeijingsincebecomefbeIbecameateacherin2000.IateacherforTheriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriverdirtyfor.closefbeclosedopenfbeopenTheshopclosedtwohoursago.TheshopforThedooropenedatsixinthemorning.Thedoorforsixhours.getupfbeup；diefbedead；leavesp.fbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleepfbeasleep；finish/endfbeover；marryfbemarried；TOC\o"1-5"\h\zIgotuptwohoursago.Isince.HeleftShanghaijustnow.HeShanghaiforfiveminutes.Mygrandpadiedin2002.Mygrandpafor.Themeetingfinishedatsix.Themeetingforsixhours.Igottosleeptwohoursago.I___since.Theymarriedin1990.Theysince.start/begintodosth.fdosth.；beginfbeon1)Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Iatthisschoolsince.2)Thefilmbegantwominutesago.Thefilmforborrowfkeep；losefnothave；buyfhave；putonfwearcatch/getacoldfhaveacold；catch/getacoldfhaveacold；Theyborroweditlastweek.Iboughtapentwohoursago.Igottoknowhimlastyear.Theyitsince.IapenforIhimsince.4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.Imyglassesforhave/hasgonetofhavebeeninHehasgonetoBeijing.HeBeijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmyfbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldierfbeamemberoftheleague/thePartyfbeintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.Heafortwoyears.Heathefortwoyears.Hetheleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.TOC\o"1-5"\h\zMybrotherafor.Mybrotherinfortwoyears.四、划线提问Ihavebeentherefortwodays.you?Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather?Helefthereyesterday.he?Theyboughtabooktwohoursago.theyabook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。A:WhereLiFei?B:HetoHainanIsland.A:Howlonghethere?B:Hethereforthreedays.A:Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknow?B:I'mafraidhewon'tcomebackrecently.A:CouldyoutellmethewaytoHainanIsland?B:Sorry,Ineverthere.A:HowmanytimesLiFeitothatplace?B:Hethereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各种形式填空。WhereisJack?Hehiscountry.Davidtheparkjustnow.JohnEnglandsincehecameback.Howlongtheythisvillage?TheSmithsBeijingforyears.youeverAmerica?--Yes,Itheremanytimes.Ithisschoolsincethreeyearsago.Whe