2023年全国研究生考试英语一试题(附答案)

2023年全国硕士研究生考试英语〔一〕试题Section

ⅠUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Couldahugadaykeepthedoctoraway?Theanswermaybearesounding“yes!〞1helpingyoufeelcloseand2

topeopleyoucareabout,itturnsoutthathugscanbringa3

ofhealthbenefitstoyourbodyandmind.Believeitornot,awarmembracemightevenhelpyou

4

gettingsickthiswinter.Inarecentstudy5

over400healthyadults,researchersfromCarnegieMellonUniversityinPennsylvaniaexaminedtheeffectsofperceivedsocialsupportandthereceiptofhugs6

theparticipants’susceptibilitytodevelopingthecommoncoldafterbeing

7

tothevirus.Peoplewhoperceivedgreatersocialsupportwerelesslikelytocome8

withacold,andtheresearchers9

thatthestress-reducingeffectsofhugging

10

about32percentofthatbeneficialeffect.

11

amongthosewhogotacold,theoneswhofeltgreatersocialsupportandreceivedmorefrequenthugshadlesssevere

12

.“Huggingprotectspeoplewhoareunderstressfromthe

13

riskforcoldsthat’susually

14

withstress,〞notesSheldonCohen,aprofessorofpsychologyatCarnegie.Hugging“isamarkerofintimacyandhelps

15

thefeelingthatothersaretheretohelp

16

difficulty.〞Someexperts

17

thestress-reducing,health-relatedbenefitsofhuggingtothereleaseofoxytocin,oftencalled“thebondinghormone〞

18

itpromotesattachmentinrelationships,includingthatbetweenmothersandtheirnewbornbabies.Oxytocinismadeprimarilyinthecentrallowerpartofthebrain,andsomeofitisreleasedintothebloodstream.Butsomeofit

19

inthebrain,whereit

20

mood,behaviorandphysiology.1.［A］Besides［B］Unlike［C］Throughout［D］Despite2.［A］equal［B］restricted［C］connected［D］inferior3.［A］view［B］host［C］lesson［D］choice4.［A］avoid［B］forget［C］recall［D］keep5.［A］collecting［B］affecting［C］guiding［D］involving6.［A］on［B］in［C］at［D］of7.［A］devoted［B］attracted［C］lost［D］exposed8.［A］along［B］across［C］down［D］out9.［A］imagined［B］denied［C］doubted［D］calculated10.［A］served［B］restored［C］explained［D］required11.［A］Thus［B］Still［C］Rather［D］Even12.［A］defeats［B］symptoms［C］errors［D］tests13.［A］highlighted［B］increased［C］controlled［D］minimized14.［A］presented［B］equipped［C］associated［D］compared15.［A］assess［B］generate［C］moderate［D］record16.［A］in

the

name

of［B］in

the

form

of［C］inthe

face

of［D］in

the

way

of17.［A］attribute［B］commit［C］transfer［D］return18.［A］unless［B］because［C］though［D］until19.［A］remains［B］emerges［C］vanishes［D］decreases20.［A］experiences［B］combines［C］justifies［D］influencesSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

(40points)Text1Firsttwohours,nowthreehours—thisishowfarinadvanceauthoritiesarerecommendingpeopleshowuptocatchadomesticflight,atleastatsomemajorU.S.airportswithincreasinglymassivesecuritylines.Americansarewillingtotoleratetime-consumingsecurityprotocolsinreturnforincreasedsafety.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804,whichterroristsmayhavedownedovertheMediterraneanSea,providesanothertragicreminderofwhy.Butdemandingtoomuchofairtravelersorprovidingtoolittlesecurityinreturnunderminespublicsupportfortheprocess.Anditshould:WastedtimeisadragonAmericans'economicandprivatelives,nottomentioninfuriating.Lastyear,theTransportationSecurityAdministration(TSA)foundinasecretcheckthatundercoverinvestigatorswereabletosneakweapons—bothfakeandreal—pastairportsecuritynearlyeverytimetheytried.Enhancedsecuritymeasuressincethen,combinedwithariseinairlinetravelduetotheimprovingeconomyandlowoilprices,haveresultedinlongwaitsatmajorairportssuchasChicago'sO'HareInternational.Itisnotyetclearhowmuchmoreeffectiveairlinesecurityhasbecome—butthelinesareobvious.Partoftheissueisthatthegovernmentdidnotanticipatethesteepincreaseinairlinetravel,sotheTSAisnowrushingtogetnewscreenersontheline.Partoftheissueisthatairportshaveonlysomuchroomforscreeninglanes.Anotherfactormaybethatmorepeoplearetryingtooverpacktheircarry-onbagstoavoidchecked-baggagefees,thoughtheairlinesstronglydisputethis.ThereisonesteptheTSAcouldtakethatwouldnotrequireremodelingairportsorrushingtohire:EnrollmorepeopleinthePreCheckprogram.PreCheckissupposedtobeawin-winfortravelersandtheTSA.Passengerswhopassabackgroundcheckareeligibletouseexpeditedscreeninglanes.ThisallowstheTSAtofocusontravelerswhoarehigherrisk,savingtimeforeveryoneinvolved.TSAwantstoenroll25millionpeopleinPreCheck.Ithasnotgottenanywhereclosetothat,andonebigreasonisstickershock:Passengersmustpay$85everyfiveyearstoprocesstheirbackgroundchecks.Sincethebeginning,thispricetaghasbeenPreCheck'sfatalflaw.Upcomingreformsmightbringthepricetoamorereasonablelevel.ButCongress

shouldlookintodoingsodirectly,byhelpingtofinancePreCheckenrollmentortocutcostsinotherways.TheTSAcannotcontinuedivertingresourcesintounderusedPreChecklaneswhilemostofthetravelingpublicsuffersinunnecessarylines.Itislongpasttimetomaketheprogramwork.21.ThecrashofEgyptAirFlight804ismentionedto_________.[A]explainAmerican’stoleranceofcurrentsecuritychecks.[B]stresstheurgencytostrengthensecurityworldwide.[C]highlightthenecessityofupgradingmajorU.S.airports.[D]emphasizetheimportanceofprivacyprotection.22.Whichofthefollowingcontributestolongwaitsatmajorairports?[A]Newrestrictionsoncarry-onbags.[B]ThedecliningefficiencyoftheTSA.[C]Anincreaseinthenumberoftravellers.[D]Frequentunexpectedsecretchecks.23.Theword“expedited〞(Liner4,Para.5)isclosetinmeaningto_________.[A]quieter.[B]cheaper.[C]wider.[D]faster.24.OneproblemwiththePreCheckprogramis_________.[A]adramaticreductionofitsscale.[B]itswrongly-directedimplementation.[C]thegovernment’sreluctancetobackit.[D]anunreasonablepriceforenrollment.25.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebest

titleforthetext?[A]LessScreeningforMoreSafety.[B]PreCheck–aBelatedSolution.[C]GettingStuckinSecurityLines.[D]UnderusedPreCheckLanes.Text2“TheancientHawaiianswereastronomers,〞wroteQueenLiliuokalani,Hawaii'slastreigningmonarch,in1897.StarwatcherswereamongthemostesteemedmembersofHawaiiansociety.Sadly,allisnotwellwithastronomyinHawaiitoday.ProtestshaveeruptedoverconstructionoftheThirtyMeterTelescope(TMT),agiantobservatorythatpromisestorevolutionizehumanity'sviewofthecosmos.AtissueistheTMT'splannedlocationonMaunaKea,adormantvolcanoworshipedbysomeHawaiiansasthepikothatconnectstheHawaiianIslandstotheheavens.ButMaunaKeaisalsohometosomeoftheworld'smostpowerfultelescopes.RestedinthePacificOcean,MaunaKea'speakrisesabovethebulkofourplanet'sdenseatmosphere,whereconditionsallowtelescopestoobtainimagesofunsurpassedclarity.

OppositiontotelescopesonMaunaKeaisnothingnew.AsmallbutvocalgroupofHawaiiansandenvironmentalistshavelongviewedtheirpresenceasdisrespectfarsacredlandandapainfulreminderoftheoccupationofwhatwasonceasovereignnation.Someblameforthecurrentcontroversybelongstoastronomers.Intheireagernesstobuildbiggertelescopes,theyforgotthatscienceisnottheonlywayofunderstandingtheworld.TheydidnotalwaysprioritizetheprotectionofMaunaKea'sfragileecosystemsoritsholinesstotheislands'inhabitants.Hawaiiancultureisnotarelicofthepast；

itisalivingcultureundergoingarenaissancetoday.Yetsciencehasaculturalhistory,too,withrootsgoingbacktothedawnofcivilization.ThesamecuriositytofindwhatliesbeyondthehorizonthatfirstbroughtearlyPolynesianstoHawaii'sshoresinspiresastronomerstodaytoexploretheheavens.CallstodisassemblealltelescopesonMaunaKeaortobanfuturedevelopmentthereignoretherealitythatastronomyandHawaiianculturebothseektoanswerbigquestionsaboutwhoweare,wherewecomefromandwherewearegoing.Perhapsthatiswhyweexplorethestarryskies,asifansweringaprimalcallingtoknowourselvesandourtrueancestralhomes.

TheastronomycommunityismakingcompromisestochangeitsuseofMauna-Kea.TheTMTsitewaschosentominimizethetelescope’svisibilityaroundtheislandandtoavoidarchaeologicalandenvironmentalimpact.TolimitthenumberoftelescopesonMaunaKea,oldoneswillberemovedattheendoftheirlifetimesandtheirsitesreturnedtoanaturalstate.ThereisnoreasonwhyeveryonecannotbewelcomedonMaunaKeatoembracetheirculturalheritageandtostudythestars.26.QueenLiliuokalani’sremarkinParagraph1indicates_________.[A]herconservativeviewonthehistoricalroleofastronomy.[B]theimportanceofastronomyinancientHawaiiansociety.[C]theregrettabledeclineofastronomyinancienttimes.[D]herappreciationofstarwatchers’featsinhertime.27.MaunaKeaisdeemedasanidealastronomicalsitedueto_________.[A]itsgeographicalfeatures.[B]itsprotectivesurroundings.[C]itsreligiousimplications.[D]itsexistinginfrastructure.28.TheconstructionoftheTMTisopposedbysomelocalspartlybecause_________.[A]itmayriskruiningtheirintellectuallife.[B]itremindsthemofahumiliatinghistory.[C]theirculturewillloseachanceofrevival.[D]theyfearlosingcontrolofMaunaKea.29.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5thatprogressintoday’sastronomy_________.

[A]isfulfillingthedreamsofancientHawaiians.[B]helpsspreadHawaiiancultureacrosstheworld.[C]mayuncovertheoriginofHawaiianculture.[D]willeventuallysoftenHawaiians’hostility.30.Theauthor’sattitudetowardchoosingMaunaKeaastheTMTsiteisoneof_________.[A]severecriticism.[B]passiveacceptance.[C]slighthesitancy.[D]fullapproval.Text3RobertF.Kennedyoncesaidthatacountry’sGDPmeasures“everythingexceptthatwhichmakeslifeworthwhile.〞WithBritainvotingtoleavetheEuropeanUnion,andGDPalreadypredictedtoslowasaresult,itisnowatimelymomenttoassesswhathewasreferringto.ThequestionofGDPanditsusefulnesshasannoyedpolicymakersforoverhalfacentury.Manyarguethatitisaflawedconcept.Itmeasuresthingsthatdonotmatterandmissesthingsthatdo.Bymostrecentmeasures,theUK’sGDPhasbeentheenvyoftheWesternworld,withrecordlowunemploymentandhighgrowthfigures.Ifeverythingwasgoingsowell,thenwhydidover17millionpeoplevoteforBrexit,despitethewarningsaboutwhatitcoulddototheircountry’seconomicprospects?

Arecentannualstudyofcountriesandtheirabilitytoconvertgrowthintowell-beingshedssomelightonthatquestion.Acrossthe163countriesmeasured,theUKisoneofthepoorestperformersinensuringthateconomicgrowthistranslatedintomeaningfulimprovementsforitscitizens.RatherthanjustfocusingonGDP,over40differentsetsofcriteriafromhealth,educationandcivilsocietyengagementhavebeenmeasuredtogetamoreroundedassessmentofhowcountriesareperforming.Whileallofthesecountriesfacetheirownchallenges,thereareanumberofconsistentthemes.Yes,therehasbeenabuddingeconomicrecoverysincethe2023globalcrash,butinkeyindicatorsinareassuchashealthandeducation,majoreconomieshavecontinuedtodecline.Yetthisisn’tthecasewithallcountries.SomerelativelypoorEuropeancountrieshaveseenhugeimprovementsacrossmeasuresincludingcivilsociety,incomeequalityandenvironment.

Thisisalessonthatrichcountriescanlearn:WhenGDPisnolongerregardedasthesolemeasureofacountry’ssuccess,theworldlooksverydifferent.SowhatKennedywasreferringtowasthatwhileGDPhasbeenthemostcommonmethodformeasuringtheeconomicactivityofnations,asameasure,itisnolongerenough.Itdoesnotincludeimportantfactorssuchasenvironmentalqualityoreducationoutcomes–allthingsthatcontributetoaperson’ssenseofwell-being.ThesharphittogrowthpredictedaroundtheworldandintheUKcouldleadtoadeclineintheeverydayserviceswedependonforourwell-beingandforgrowth.Butpolicymakerswhorefocuseffortsonimprovingwell-beingratherthansimplyworryingaboutGDPfigurescouldavoidtheforecasteddoomandmayevenseeprogress.

31.RobertF.Kennedyiscitedbecausehe_________.[A]praisedtheUKforitsGDP.[B]identifiedGDPwithhappiness.[C]misinterpretedtheroleofGDP.[D]hadalowopinionofGDP.32.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph2that_________.[A]theUKisreluctanttoremolditseconomicpattern.[B]theUKwillcontributelesstotheworldeconomy.[C]GDPasthemeasureofsuccessiswidelydefiedintheUK.[D]policymakersintheUKarepayinglessattentiontoGDP.33.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttherecentannualstudy?[A]ItexcludesGDPasanindicator.[B]Itissponsoredby163countries.[C]Itscriteriaarequestionable.[D]Itsresultsareenlightening.34.Inthelasttwoparagraphs,theauthorsuggeststhat_________.[A]theUKispreparingforaneconomicboom.[B]highGDPforeshadowsaneconomicdecline.[C]itisessentialtoconsiderfactorsbeyondGDP.[D]itrequirescautiontohandleeconomicissues.35.Whichofthefollowingisthebest

forthetext?[A]HighGDPButInadequateWell-being,aUKlesson.[B]GDPfigures,aWindowonGlobalEconomicHealth.[C]RobertF.Kennedy,aTerminatorofGDP.[D]Brexit,theUK’sGatewaytoWell-being.Text4Inarareunanimousruling,theUSSupremeCourthasoverturnedthecorruptionconvictionofaformerVirginiagovernor,RobertMcDonnell.Butitdidsowhileholdingitsnoseattheethicsofhisconduct,whichincludedacceptinggiftssuchasaRolexwatchandaFerrariAutomobilefromacompanyseekingaccesstogovernment.Thehighcourt’sdecisionsaidthejudgeinMr.McDonnell’strailfailedtotellajurythatitmustlookonlyathis“officialacts,〞ortheformergovernor’sdecisionson“specific〞and“unsettled〞issuesrelatedtohisduties.

Merelyhelpingagift-givergainaccesstootherofficials,unlessdonewithclearintenttopressurethoseofficials,isnotcorruption,thejusticesfound.Thecourtdidsuggestthatacceptingfavorsinreturnforopeningdoorsis“distasteful〞and“nasty.〞Butunderanti-briberylaws,proofmustbemadeofconcretebenefits,suchasapprovalofacontractorregulation.Simplyarrangingameeting,makingaphonecall,orhostinganeventisnotan“officialact.〞Thecourt’srulingislegallysoundindefiningakindoffavoritismthatisnotcriminal.Electedleadersmustbeallowedtohelpsupportersdealwithbureaucraticproblemswithoutfearofprosecutionofbribery.“Thebasiccompactunderlyingrepresentativegovernment,〞wroteChiefJusticeJohnRobertsforthecourt,“assumesthatpublicofficialswillhearfromtheirconstituentsandactontheirconcerns.〞Buttherulingreinforcestheneedforcitizensandtheirelectedrepresentatives,notthecourts,toensureequalityofaccesstogovernment.Officialsmustnotbeallowedtoplayfavoritesinprovidinginformationorinarrangingmeetingssimplybecauseanindividualorgroupprovidesacampaigndonationorapersonalgift.Thistypeofintegrityrequireswill-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparency,suchasrecordsofofficialmeetings,rulesonlobbying,andinformationabouteachelectedleader’ssourceofwealth.Favoritisminofficialaccesscanfanpublicperceptionsofcorruption.Butitisnotalwayscorruption.Ratherofficialsmustavoiddoublestandards,ordifferenttypesofaccessforaveragepeopleandthewealthy.Ifconnectionscanbebought,abasicpremiseofdemocraticsociety–thatallareequalintreatmentbygovernment-isundermined.Goodgovernmentrestsonanunderstandingoftheinherentworthofeachindividual.Thecourt’srulingisastepforwardinthestruggleagainstbothcorruptionandofficialfavoritism.36.Theunderlinedsentence(Para.1)mostprobablyshowsthatthecourt_________.[A]avoideddefiningtheextentofMcDonnell’sduties.[B]madenocompromiseinconvictingMcDonnell.[C]wascontemptuousofMcDonnell’sconduct.[D]refusedtocommentonMcDonnell’sethics.37.AccordingtoParagraph4,anofficialactisdeemedcorruptiveonlyifitinvolves_________.[A]concretereturnsforgift-givers[B]sizablegainsintheformofgifts[C]leakingsecretsintentionally.[D]breakingcontractsofficially.38.Thecourt’srulingisdontheassumptionthatpublicofficialsare_________.[A]allowedtofocusontheconcernsoftheirsupporters.[B]qualifiedtodealindependentlywithbureaucraticissues.[C]justifiedinaddressingtheneedsoftheirconstituents.[D]exemptfromconvictiononthechargeoffavoritism.39.Well-enforcedlawsingovernmenttransparencyareneededto_________.[A]awakentheconscienceofofficials.[B]guaranteefairplayinofficialaccess.[C]allowforcertainkindsoflobbying.[D]inspirehopesinaveragepeople.40.Theauthor’sattitudetowardthecourt’srulingis_________.[A]sarcastic.[B]tolerant.[C]skeptical.[D]supportive.PartBDirections:Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Forquestions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherenttextbychoosingfromthelistA-Gandfillingthemintothenumberedboxes.

ParagraphsBandD

havebeencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)[A]Thefirstpublishedsketch,“ADinneratPoiarWalk〞broughttearstoDickens’seyeswhenhediscovereditinthepagesof

TheMonthlyMagazine

Fromthenonhissketches,whichappearedunderthepenname“Boz〞in

TheEveningChronicle,earnedhimamodestreputation.[B]Therunawaysuccessof

ThePickwick

Papers,asitisgenerallyknowntoday,securedDickens’sfame.TherewerePickwickcoatsandPickwickcigars,andtheplump,spectacledhero,SamuelPickwick,becauseanationalfigure.[C]SoonafterSketchesbyBozappeared,apublishingfirmapproachedDickenstowriteastoryinmonthlyinstallments,asabackdropforaseriesofwoodcutsbythethen-famousartistRobertSeymour,whohadoriginatedtheideaforthestory.Withcharacteristicconfidence,DickenssuccessfullyinsistedthatSeymour’spicturesillustratehisownstoryinstead.Afterthefirstinstallment,DickenswrotetotheartistandaskedhimtocorrectaDrawingDickensfelt,wasnotfaithfulenoughtohisprose.SeymourmadetheChange,wentintohisbackyard,andexpressedhisdispleasurebycommittingsuicide.Dickensandhispublisherssimplypressedonwithanewartist.Thecomicnovel,

The

Posthumous

PapersofthePickwickClub,appearedseriallyin1836and1837andwasfirstpublishedinbookformin1837.[D]CharlesDickensisprobablythebest-knownand,tomanypeople,thegreatestEnglishnovelistofthe19thcentury.Amoralist,satirist,andsocialreformer,DickenscraftedcomplexplotsandstrikingcharactersthatcapturethepanoramaofEnglishsociety.[E]Soonafterhisfather’sreleasefromprison,Dickensgotabetterjobaserrandboyinlawoffices.HetaughthimselfshorthandtogetanevenbetterjoblaterasacourtstenographerandasareporterinParliament.Atthesametime,Dickens,whohadareporter’seyefortranscribingthelifearoundhim,especiallyanythingcomicorodd,submittedshortsketchestoobscuremagazines.[F]DickenswasborninPortsmouth,onEngland’ssoutherncoast.HisfatherwasaclerkintheBritishNavyPayofficearespectableposition,butwithlittlesocialstatus.Hispaternalgrandparents,astewardandahousekeeper,possessedevenlessstatus,havingbeenservants,andDickenslaterconcealedtheirbackground.Dickens’mothersupposedlycamefromamorerespectablefamily.YettwoyearsbeforeDickens’birth,hismother’sfatherwascaughtstealingandfledtoEurope,nevertoreturn.Thefamily’sincreasingpovertyforcedDickensoutofschoolatage12toworkinWarren’sBlackingWarehouse,ashoe-polishfactory,wheretheotherworkingboysmockedhimas“theyounggentleman.〞Hisfatherwasthenimprisonedfordebt.Thehumiliationsofhisfather’s

imprisonmentandhislaborintheblackingfactoryformedDickens’s

greatest

wound

and

became

hisdeepest

secret.He

could

not

confined

them

even

to

hiswife,

although

they

provide

the

unacknowledged

foundation

of

his

fiction.[G]After

Pickwick,Dickensplungedintoableakerworld.In

OliverTwist,hetracesanorphan’sprogressfromtheworkhousetothecriminalslumsofLondon.

NicholasNickleby,hisnextnovel,combinesthedarknessof

OliverTwist

withthesunlightof

Pickwick.ThepopularityofthesenovelsconsolidatedDickens’asanationallyandinternationallycelebratedmanofletters.D41424344B45PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)ThegrowthoftheuseofEnglishastheworld`sprimarylanguageforinternationalcommunicationhasobviouslybeencontinuingforseveraldecades.(46)ButevenasthenumberofEnglishspeakersexpandsfurthertherearesignsthattheglobalpredominanceofthelanguagemayfadewithintheforeseeablefuture.Complexinternational,economic,technologicalandculturechangecouldstarttodiminishtheleadingpositionofEnglishasthelanguageoftheworldmarket,andUKinterestswhichenjoyadvantagefromthebreathofEnglishusagewouldconsequentlyfacenewpressures.ThoserealisticpossibilitiesarehighlightedinthestudypresentedbyDavidGraddol(47)Hisanalysisshouldthereforeendanyself-contentednessamongthosewhomaybelievethattheglobalpositionofEnglishissostablethattheyounggenerationoftheUnitedKingdomdonotneedadditionallanguagecapabilities.DavidGraddolconcludesthatmonoglotEnglishgraduatesfaceableakeconomicfutureasqualifiedmultilingualyoungstersfromothercountriesareprovingtohaveacompetitiveadvantageovertheirBritishcounterpartsinglobalcompaniesandorganizations.Alongsidethat,(48)manycountriesareintroducingEnglishintotheprimary-schoolcurriculumbutBritishschoolchildrenandstudentsdonotappeartobegaininggreaterencouragementtoachievefluencyinotherlanguages.Iflefttothemselves,suchtrendswilldiminishtherelativestrengthoftheEnglishlanguageininternationaleducationmarketsasthedemandforeducationalresourcesinlanguages,suchasSpanish,ArabicorMandaringrowsandinternationalbusinessprocessoutsourcinginotherlanguagesuchasJapanese,FrenchandGerman,spreads.(49)ThechangesidentifiedbyDavidGraddolallpresentclearandmajorchallengestoUK`sprovidersofEnglishlanguageteachingtopeopleofothercountriesandtobroadereducationbusinesssectors.TheEnglishlanguageteachingsectordirectlyearnsnearly&1.3billionfortheUKininvisibleexportsandourothereducationrelatedexploresearnupto&10billionayearmore.Astheinternationaleducationmarketexpands,therecentslowdowninthenumberofinternationalstudentsstudyinginthemainEnglish-speakingcountriesislikelytocontinue,especiallyiftherearenoeffectivestrategicpoliciestopreventsuchslippage.Theanticipationofpossibleshiftsindemandprovidedbythisstudyissignificant:(50)Itgivesabasistoallorganizationwhichseektopromotethelearningandverydifferentoperatingenvironment.Thatisanecessaryandpracticalapproach.Inthisasinmuchelse,thosewhowishtoinfluencethefuturemustprepareforit.SectionIIIWritingPartA51.Directions：YouaretowriteanemailtoJamesCook,anewly-arrivedAustralianprofessor,recommendingsometouristattractionsinyourcity.Pleasegivereasonsforyourrecommendation.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.Donotsignyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use"LiMing"instead.Donotwritetheaddress.(10points)PartB52.Directions：Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthefollowingpictures.Inyouressay,youshould1)describethepicturesbriefly,2)interpretthemeaning,and3)giveyourcomments.YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)​​​​参考答案1—5ACBAD

6—10ADCDC

11—15DBBCB

16—20CABAD21—25CCADC26—30ABBAD31—35CBDCA36—40CCABD41—45FEACG(46)但是即使当下英语使用者的人群还在进一步扩大，有迹象说明：在可预见的未来，英语可能会逐渐失去其全球主导地位。(47)因此，对于那些认为英语的国际地位无懈可击、甚至觉得他们的年青后代们不需要学习其他语言的人而言，他的分析可能会给他们的骄傲自大画上一个句号。(48)众多国家正在将英语引进小学课程，但是，毫不夸张地说，英国学童和学生似乎没有受到更多的鼓励去学会流利地使用其他语言。(49)大卫·葛拉尔多所发现的变化给教授他国人士英语的英国机构以及更广阔的教育市场带来了显而易见的巨大挑战。(50)这给所有致力于推广英语学习和使用的机构提供了一个制定规划的依据，让我们能够应对未来完全不同的操作环境里出现的各种可能性。SectionⅢPartA〔范文〕DearJamesCook,WelcometoChina!I'mwritingthisemailtorecommendsomescenicspotsinBeijingtoyousothatyoucanhaveawonderfultimehere.Firstofall,youcouldhaveavisittotheSummerPalaceandForbiddenCity,whicharerenownedforitsoldbuildingsanddiversecultures.Afterthat,itisadvisabletogotoWangFujing,whereyoucanhaveatasteofsomedeliciouslocalfoodwhileenjoyingthetraditionalculture.Finally,youcangototheNationalMuseum,inwhichsometraditionalartexhibitionsarebeingheld.Whatdo