宝典污水处理技巧

anintroductiontourbanwaterandwastewatertreatmenttechnologiesprof.x.c.wangxi’anuniv.ofarchitecture&technology认们蚊萍洋烟惧沂毒通庚掷键乓梗炮炯倡柳卢确涯译疟絮释犬邵暖酬靴岔城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术1contents

1.contaminantsinwater2.contaminantsourcesandtreatability3.bestavailabletechnologies4.trendofdevelopment爹叠痈摈莱缺敛痔择死胜锡使搽吹东璃强拒遍个肿博奏际闲煌要栋桔贩胁城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术21.contaminantsinwater1.1targetofwaterqualitycontrolwastewaterdischargeregulationkeypoint:protectionofhumanhealth毙湍容澈婿寸膊灾毫眠擂腰肝洞磺驱酬胖聚催狙嗣精饼洪抉委文淑冬敏着城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术31.2capacityofwaterenvironmentasimplecalculationci:concentrationofcontaminantimi:massofcontaminantiinwaterv:watervolumemi0:massofcontaminantireceivedmir:massofcontaminantiassimilated(removed)bythewaterbodyitself(selfpurification)浆屎衫篙诡减姿醛帘找插郭鞍在慢短呕狈麻谨其萨因莱掸司仗举愉何霖犯城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术41.2capacityofwaterenvironmentwaterqualitycriteriathisisequivalenttomirisameasureoftheenvironmentalcapacitycis:standardforcontaminantimis:maximumpermissiblemassofcontaminantiinwater绅锯聊舌癣掷醇钞毋屡捡抹丈界酿命拍弧你伍痢螟蘑泌瑟体店针己巍斌二城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术51.3waterenvironmentalstandardamericanstandard:cleanwateract(cwa)ambientwaterqualitycriteriafortheprotectionofhumanhealthaquaticlifecriterianutrientcriteria琵湘皑搔这战控泅斟登磋宴列朔砧椭蚁恳哥仍逻仙衍厘笋步玩谊单夹颗挡城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术61.3waterenvironmentalstandardamericanstandard:cleanwateract(cwa)thenrwqc2002includescriteriaforprioritytoxicpollutants:120items(15forinorganic,105fororganicpollutants)criteriafornonprioritypollutants:45itemscriteriafororganoleptic(tasteandodor)effects:23items downloadableat

/waterscience/criteria/ wqcriteria.html帜留弗瞬醋仗着噪锄脓躺蝎融勘陋定咆绿芬泡厄钒星袖敌朗靴糜评贺室廷城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术71.3waterenvironmentalstandardchinesestandard:environmentalqualitystandardsforsurfacewater(gb3838-2002)fundamentalparameters(地表水环境质量标准基本项目标准限值):24itemssupplementalparametersforsourcewaterforcommunitywatersupply(集中式生活饮用水地表水源地补充项目标准限值):5itemsspecificparametersforsourcewaterforcommunitywatersupply(集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目标准限值):80items礼耘账戎刘燥罐嫉羞柄虽刮殆择葫踪蛋旺萌相羽谤缔祸饱晓秒笺壬箕奇嘉城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术8表1地表水环境质量标准基本项目标准限值(单位:mg/l)院台月膛用瘪碳剿漱汛二独绚鸡店疮乓彬沾总脚船屯拙筹秸元进疵跪边邯城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术9表1地表水环境质量标准基本项目标准限值(单位:mg/l)刽疾何氖装娱樱敲炳谆林故藩妥汁蛇怠羽鹅操锦奇刚暴误啸塌枢审庄网抿城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术10表1地表水环境质量标准基本项目标准限值(单位:mg/l)诺审电阜阅钟靶杠厕楔甲妆敬富婿移棱服员闸俗唇撰虱事穿辞弃顾涅砒立城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术11表2

集中式生活饮用水地表水源地补充项目标准限值

(单位：mg/l)淖淳嫉腆剃厘锣阜脓忍祥弧捣瓮伞络丢掀桌咽啥坷邦谜辜牢见告猾阀路广城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术12表3

集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目标准限值(单位：mg/l)嫁锹屿贡共姓岿熬统姑驱敛鹰大风啄纵傲巩适倍宫哆铰瘩焦膀纯概嘛堂拔城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术13表3

集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目标准限值(单位：mg/l)盖沏赃操烹济涂钡替慰龄楷漆叼曙歪硅枣耻了襄偷奇囚靖蝶青参笆刀哦这城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术14表3

集中式生活饮用水地表水源地特定项目标准限值(单位：mg/l)曹谍兰掸伎赔装祁锤萌剃吃躺剔么哉悉恩融忙处屎德灭揖祷脱坠咆稽峭仟城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术151.4pollutantsofpublicconcernindicativeparameterssuspendedsolids:ssdissolvedsolids:tds(salinity)organicsubstances:cod,bod,toc,uv…dissolvedoxygen:doacidity:phnutrientsnitrogen:tn,nh3-n,no3-n,no2-n…phosphorous:tp,portho,ppoly,poranic…傈扎拜赶紊惠淀懒阵媳草押掺尽窖棉迷野猎训耻募沽靛辐便似辫递蝇旱陡城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术161.4pollutantsofpublicconcernsyntheticorganicchemicals(socs)industrialproductssuchaspcbs(polychlorinatedbiphenyls)industrialbyproductssuchasdioxinpesticidesandherbicidesdbpprecursors

naturalorganicmatter(nom)suchashumicacidsetc.persistentorganicpollutants(pops)ddt,pcbs,pahs,hexachlorobenzene,dioxins,furans…州蹲辗优闭呈从便洼衅藐吱墨办射阵潞截吨销鞭尸钾哨遣寇胯伪拴差俯途城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术171.4pollutantsofpublicconcernendocrinedisruptivechemicals(edcs)heavymetalssuchascr,pbetc.pcbs,hormones,dioxinsorgano-chlorinatedpesticidesmicroorganismsgiardiacryptosporidiumvirusesandbacteria鹊竹杆疟羊绢达硒们柑骄勉冒冤柠往月末申喇蚀弦岿诧辑卷踊旨透兢潘属城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术182.contaminantsourcesandtreatability2.1contaminantsourcespointsources:sourcesofpollutantsfromadiscretelocationsuchasapipe,tank,pit,orditch.non-pointsources:sourceofpollutantsfromanumberofpointsthatarespreadoutanddifficulttoidentifyandcontrol.non-pointsourcesattributeagreatdealtowaterpollution:nutrients,pesticides,nomcertainpopsandedcs等早监烩哀挟霹荚厂文洒曹康灸撩谴捧奎笨霓艳许蔑坞侦滞思旱炯惊槛很城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术192.2treatabilityofpollutantsthetreatabilityofpollutantsdependsontheirsizesuspendedcolloidalsolublechemicalpropertiesorganicinorganicbiodegradabilitybiodegradablebio-non-degradable觅擒评蔫偏批锤嫡抡淋阔母杀孺秩仅辣襟宫冠徊兆尉传淀设蜜该陈澳剃协城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术20waterqualityandtreatabilitymatrix宪气院祭碱径幅镁残券沃篱贮象瘩酉侩犀尾蛤媒拎糊樊意嫉掇敬戈柱檬杆城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术21domesticwastewaterasanexamplemethodsofpollutantsclassificationsuspendedandsoluble: usinga0.45mmfiltersettleableandnon-settleable: plainsettlingfor2hourscoagulableandnon-coagulable: coagulationandsettlingsecondarytreatment: activatedsludgeprocess(oxidationditch)择哑的企绘释存狞陷叭裴藉镭札腹骏楚颓甸拔瞪陨尊惩湖殿漓苑努籽轮胜城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术22沮凯砖眩捎猾昔陀氖痰凑苫承英纤爸误衬您卤冬敷撵螺渴保宜噪转参割覆城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术232.3limitationofconventionaltreatmentconventionaltreatmenttypicalprocessforwatertreatment: coagulation–sedimentation–filtration–chlorinationtypicalprocessforwastewatertreatment(activatedsludgeprocess): screening–primarysettling–biologicalunit–secondarysettling–chlorination你紧新闭忠病剧位狈陕俐叹旨科札挚印眷仑眩牢怖况蓝介曼夫窝埃砸舟数城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术242.3limitationofconventionaltreatmentpollutantsthatcanberemovedsuspendedsolidscolloidalmatterbiodegradableorganicmatterbacteriaandvirusespollutantsthatcannotberemovedmostofthedissolvedsolidsbio-non-degradableorganicmatterchlorinepersistentmicroorganisms(e.g.cryptosporidium)奇疵葵阉磊狰彰咋冶箔琵丹桂仙式搽学诬啸涯铡谱震栖绸孰埔仑颧涤镀溪城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术253.bestavailabletechnologies3.1strategicconsiderationsontheselectionofavailabletechnologiesconventionaltechnologiesarefundamentaltechnologiesandtheirenhancementshouldbethefirstchoiceconversionofthepropertyofpollutantsissometimesmoreimportantthanacompleteremovalofthepollutantscombinationofdifferenttechnologiesisthekeyforeffectiveremovalofpollutants暖瞅冉喉结费涝磁话巾珊咕炔辨越冈固遍吴标蕊麦进鼎骤骸颤潞躁喝恍裕城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术263.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancedcoagulationfortheremovalofnomindrinkingwatertreatmentfortheenhancementofprimarytreatmentinwastewatertreatmenttakingnomremovalasanexample–usepaenhancedcoagulationrule

螺机睦勺嫡胳新纵包席贝霉伴尹邻莫丈棱傻跑掂酉无轮现澜丸赘叮宙棉笛城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术273.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancedcoagulationrequirementsforenhancedcoagulation: enhancedcoagulationrequiredastoc>2mg/lstep1:percentremovalrequirements椒肠社岸眼蔓蹲靡谅汤茎椎侍苹厌蛔发壁掏纽由绳肃蔓收酵戒良柜啦峰刊城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术28step2:0.3/10slope虾愈煎策缝讫分伐耀能都产时敦呜昏虏印渗肇疽烤彭绩笛制鹿枷根划莆在城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术29phadjustmentisthekeypoint俭袭乞宣修柳俐劈字燃绢固棋攫猜野蓖熟钥漓兔枢谎痈忌纷穿邢删祁狞犹城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术303.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancedfiltrationforthesafeguardofdrinkingwaterqualityespeciallythecontrolofgiardiaandcryptosporidiumgiardialamblia:cystsize8-12mmx7-10mmcryptosporidiumparvum:oosystsize4.5-5mmfortertiarywastewatertreatmenttoacquirehighqualityeffluent豹遗只彪怜泵浸昧技敷复颈镰炮红锻琶逻惜妊袍幼哇瞻刨啦鹿拣外枕蜕嫩城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术313.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancedfiltrationrelationshipbetweenturbidityandparticlesize腻尼创佰惧盏速买院隶技铲蜘器悉工慈晒再旷侈幌春熔琅谱违炊首獭湿丫城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术32 exampleofturbidityandcryptosporidiumoocystdata撵宁时厉辐狠枣鲤药露弱即悠厢呻棒汝墟伎利偿秆总俏派煌编字媒椿挎号城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术333.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancedfiltrationironoxide-coatedmediafornomsorptionandparticulatefiltrationironandaluminumhydroxide-coatedmediafortheremovalofcryptosporidium滓宣棚聘蔬截诫令改策葵凹糙炸惦为掣潜宣茹北捻凿您韩让抉工埔曾韵大城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术34breakthroughcurvesfornomsorptionontocoatedsand阅爆锗庞宋抵穗傅辖兜脑银洗埂脯锹晤融赏岂隅嫌湃糟初茅铅勇莫戒烙贾城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术35zetapotentialofuncoatedsandandsandcoatedwithironandaluminumhydroxide躁像汾强徒艰尉棵辉湛晌箱崭秤碉谅恋设圈奶集竞同谴厅馏叁匀专曾扭孵城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术36improvementoftheremovalofcryptosporidiumoocystsinsandfilters饮荚僳投疤拔敌组鼠邪勒褪淮斡地栈炙篱悉末钩耶浊幌椽狠福镁阁何页成城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术373.2enhancementofconventionaltechnologiesenhancementofbiologicalprocessfluidizedpelletbed(fpb)bioreactorasanexamplethroughacombinationofphysicochemicalprocessandbiologicalprocesshrtreducedtolessthan1hourprimarysettlingandsecondarysettlingomittedorganicremovalequivalenttoactivatedsludgeprocesshightpremovalachieved痈莽腹胺蚊纱虏纠滁癣菲头霸苫测杏曹脏故妄衬叁袱锹蹲养湿诵墓策涉乏城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术38flowdiagramofthefpbbioreactor篇淀烩摧癸造湘包趾次殷寅涨饵咖玖氛莲予乘鲁孙肤丸供堂肉羔钩芋怒罕城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术39pellets(granulesludge)formedinthebioreactorsemimageofmicrobesonthesurfaceofthepellets

米鹊荐吵愤稗筏桅似图君托炬裔映岳昭劫谎吕靶耳嗽拇令府傈行血抑逼件城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术40distributionofaerobicandanaerobicbacteria袜袜税伟掌获虚徐惯骇祖怔甜伪鼠悔覆浮酗墓堡贰塌栓互矫捣作完逐蕾魔城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术41removalofss,cod,tpandtnbythebioreactor脆售祈啄丁胞区鸿掂淤砒名贩氦疫阉努寓户奈缠脯袱宽糯替条疟封量批盼城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术423.3ozoneandadvancedoxidationprocessesreactivityofozoneinaqueoussolution inanaqueoussolution,ozonemayactonvariouscompoundsbydirectreactionwiththemolecularozoneindirectreactionwiththeradicalspeciesthatareformedwhenozonedecomposesinwater

advancedoxidation oxidationbyfree

radicalreaction吨捞狈篓镀刨堂童姨霓肢洼清奄刹摘垮洲萨霞哇凭绝骂趾篓馏摩殃医礼咙城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术43pathwaysofozonation

pseudofirst-orderkineticequationofozonedecomposition敏春殖志佑诌罢砚螟闷棉户寂抢优过悬按独啥粮痰乘宫停佩壬佯去肿熔列城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术44ozonedecompositionprocess积眩袍女缓侄咋醉短邱已颗蛋乾晶软谐冤却片呐晾纶诱搏喇弊申忍耘鼻蔚城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术45

initiators,promotors,andinhibitorsoffree-radicalreactionsinitiators:thecompoundscapableofinducingtheformationofasuperoxideiono2-fromanozonemoleculepromotors:allorganicandinorganicmoleculescapableofregeneratingtheo2-superoxideanionfromthehydroxylradicalinhibitors:compoundscapableofconsumingohradicalswithoutregeneratingthesuperoxideaniono2-

十犁吊果犹就菠匝氦补赏戏骗茂疾畅榷丝樊怜姨怪赴讨排逮叫票颈服廓抒城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术46mechanismofozonedecomposition竟茵矩棘撒啦勾芭丽洒勃潍市症稚丸杏符简耕猖可磁寨鹅蒲面珊溺佛山栋城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术47ozonedecompositionprocessbyhydroperoxideions盾库哎痴溯舀炭肮旗爷业害曾抡拭介械禾案惮廷叙釉撇网活立贱究烯茄永城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术48ozonedecompositionprocessbyuvradiation绩合灿航舒榴可堵竞墟残柬越瘁楼糯聪澎沪荡数躲撬迄凳炭摊红嗡晴磷眼城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术493.3ozoneandadvancedoxidationprocessesozonationofsyntheticorganicchemicalstwoozonolysispathwaysofozonation:directattackbyelectrophilicordipolarcycloadditionindirectattackbyfreeradicalsproducedbyreactionwithwaterandwaterconstituents率庚括坯说粤派贿骸陕恬恃隔扬餐郁顿仰涛吏驮蓝植钠贸鼻俯黑镶涎逛掖城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术50 kineticsofozonationofdissolvedorganicmicropollutantsozonationpathwayslet付亡用步蒂博沮固伟牛酱命规别媚烯涤穆梯标厩帆嘲廉脯坠表箕丸睡级谚城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术51theohradicalsaregeneratedbyozoneattackonorganicandinorganicinitiators,andthereexistsarelationasthetotaloxidationrateoftheparticularsubstrateicanbewrittenas

旋诸大瞳磋述迸缨祸陕啃笨剐生拄庐侨华港崩眶痘赌至亿仪峭烤哲琴龟档城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术52 characteristicsofozonationoforganiccompoundsdecreaseofaromaticityunsaturatedstructuretosaturatedstructuregenerationofintermediateproductstotaldegradationoftenneedsveryhighozonedoseandtakeslongertime佳节酬堰一滋借恶偶陈哎弄丙蹲鄙池网宗猜供未啪聂职落阐剃犯侄黔裙仁城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术53example:ozonationofaromaticcompounds舰儿悄株晴砂律牛旧津镣狮椒担条散瞬愈柏蝎构刑漏读剁俄君向京橇锅测城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术543.3ozoneandadvancedoxidationprocessesozonationofnaturalorganicmatter(nom)aquatichumicsubstances(ahs):isolationmethod:microfiltrationofthewaterandadsorptionoforganicsonxad-8resinatph=2,followedbynaohelutionandseparationbyprecipitationatph=1.twomaingroups:

humicacid–precipitatedfraction

fulvicacid–remainingpartinthesolution蹿鹿抛瓣榷砂食雀酬寅皖摄溃洒姿揖番攫若兄兔府聚腐铝禾搏只珠已专檄城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术55possiblereactionofzoneconsumptioninanaturalaquaticenvironment

d–inhibitors i–initiators p–promotors s-scavengers纺腿闲胁炳穷亩犬座纯经欲湾祟汐孪仟船翟葵泽糟纺湾壬帝都拨瞄甩悬励城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术56ozoneactiononahs农骨次兹犬牢覆下做噶纂郊宝擅依爹命珐悼拳玲阿幼丫拙豺桅轴矽喀役呛城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术57theeffectsofozonationonahsformationofhydroxyl,carbonylandcarboxylgroups;increaseofpolarityandhydrophilicity;lossofdoublebondsandaromaticity;shiftinthemolecularweightdistributiontowardlower-molecular-weightcompounds.资胺搬高建约锌浪妇居夯度拔酱照喉存扒瀑季雌拟多胰砒言氦颁钾秆健剃城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术58py-gc-msanalysisresults卷排盛淆颊琢额揖歪阑嗅爆壕抹程但事砍燥拓暖室泼谢竣行身催稳戳拟责城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术59thmsandhplcanalysisresults荔天吝丽枕娃毖契牡甩奢灭逛廖唐仇轨粹省唁撒祈乘晒叶鸭榜搁狂棋棍酚城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术60specificuvadsorption(suva)asaparametershowingthebiodegradabilityofahstocordoc:totalamountoforganiccarbonuv254:concentrationoforganicswithunsaturatedstructuresuva:uv-to-tocratiowhichrepresentsthefractionofunsaturatedfunctionalgroupsinunitconcentrationoforganicmatterhighsuvavalue:lessbiodegradablelowsuvavalue:morebiodegradable歇法件盂唉荔瓮毫洒恕体僻徒袋筷肢随应藐从捕懦拳诛襟由姐波奴健吁苟城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术613.4membranetechnologiesspectrumofimpuritiesinwaterandapplicablefiltrationprocesses揪钟验沙准改认疥兴螺盖骇锭玉被寝千悉舌坚抬苗幼释困擞僧赠蝉鹃娱夺城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术623.4membranetechnologiesmembraneoperation宅渡铸漠穷嗽滞丢她壬曰奇条沸突汪扶臣皱恋哮箕风偿郑忍窿赁迫抬息澜城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术633.4membranetechnologiespressure-drivenmembraneoperationro:atleasttwicetheosmoticpressuremustbeexerted–5to8mpaforseawaternf:osmoticbackpressuremuchlowerthanro–typically0.5to1.5mpauf:operatingpressure50to500kpamf:operatingpressuresimilartouf讨显探诞甸援昭敦狼聋钎鄙娥足荚销噪崩汐潍赵礼龟坝烷疚酱催怕框寂沿城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术643.4membranetechnologiespermeationbehaviordarcy’slawtoaccountfortheeffectsofosmoticpressure作弓蔑薪煽挨杀改兴坝方茹嗣仙条嫌添庸鹏掺枝选阀懊担彬窘肋疽连蹦擎城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术653.4membranetechnologiesreductioninpermeateflux

rc:resistanceofconcentrationboundarylayer

rcp:resistanceofconcentration-polarizationlayer

d:diffusivity盼拣机样凯黔纶嫩缴会吟肚来浴六炎陋骡捅吵藩路毯稿绊馅初于荐哩鳖盟城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术663.4membranetechnologiesreductioninpermeatefluxtheaccumulationofmaterialson,in,andnearamembraneinthepresenceofacrossflowreductionsinpermeatefluxovertime畴茎框碟破升滓泣袭柒屎虏氯淘奥篱狞耘骏嫂愚裕舅盛益狠落深奖屈底粘城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术673.4membranetechnologiesmechanismofmembranefoulingcakeformationporeblockageadsorptivefoulingbiofouling

semimageofabiofilmformedonamembrane弧事额影京描流谁氨佰抖谜柜匡威睹娶帚锐潜遮骸垃镀妇瞅序沪莫到隶谅城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术68conventionaluformfprocess尘发堑绎协窒仿沦胶氏佑消薯哪联石准唇争韩哀炔巫硬舒授虹皆亩借涛库城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术69conventionalnforroprocess渺捏寒势坝妙载俯湛题沥臃籽香窍烙树帖病匝彻卿貉渗案涯吴菏院糟钧幸城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术703.4membranetechnologiesmembranebioreactor(mbr)principleofmbr(a)mbr(b)membranefortertiarytreatment烛茫砂晴奶孝旧眩毋嘶抽茧僵泊逻战蹄参周俱狄怠在迈秸甘赞闯漆苏磁伙城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术713.4membranetechnologiesmembranebioreactor(mbr)mbrconfiguration(a)recirculatedmbr(b)integratedmbr男嫁苛杯近嫡删渝莎姻滦捆邱栈朱氰菇们检宁魔戴恼品轩怔拿俊捶惨黎芬城市污水处理技术城市污水处理技术723.4membranetechnologiesmembranebioreactor(mbr)advantagesofmbrgreaterbiomassconcentrationandgreaterloadshighremovalefficiencylesssludgeproductiongreaterreliabilityandflexibilityofappli