英语科笔记摘录-module5

Unit4因…指责或控告... 依靠，取决于通知… 说实话 约会，预约 提高技术精通……记住错过截止日期帮助……做……辨析：demand,require,request1.语意区别

demand主语是人，表示坚决要求，坚持要做某事；主语是物，指迫切需要。

require表示按照法规、权利提出的要求或命令，指客观需要。

request指通过正式手续提出的要求，口气缓和，态度礼貌，“恳求，请求”。Thekindofwork__________greatpatience.Manyfactories___________atesttoinvestigatethehonestyoffutureworkers.Thestudents____________thattheschoolprovidemorecomputerclasses.demandsrequirerequested都可接that引导的宾语从句，从句都要用虚拟语气，即should+do.

Thenewproject____________manyqualifiedscientistsandtechnicians.Allpassengers________________toshowtheirtickets.Theathletes___________thatthejudgesreappraise(重新评价)them.demandsarerequiredrequest

require表示“需要”时，后接todo/doing。接动词不定式，用其被动形式；接动名词，用其主动形式表被动Thebabyrequirestobelookedaftercarefully.=Thebabyrequireslookingaftercarefully.Unit3马上，立刻四面八方很快入睡环境破坏使……想起……头几天对未来持乐观的观点看不见给……留下印象处于压力下，受到压力4.辨析：surrounding,environment,circumstance,settingsurrounding

一般用复数形式，仅指一个特定时期某人或某物周围所有具体的物质性的东西，是一种比较笼统的说法，包括物体、建筑物、自然景色等

environment可指自然环境，也可指精神环境，用单数形式，表示一个或一群生物体周围的整体状况，尤其指作用和影响这群生物体的生长、发展和生存的外界物质条件的总和

circumstance“环境、情形、情况”，常用复数，指某事物或动作发生时的情况，常与under、in连用，表示“在……情况下”

setting“背景、环境”，常指人文环境或戏剧、小说的情节背景1.Childrenneedahappyhome______________.2.Thestudentslivehappilyinthebeautiful______________.3.Ican’timaginea______________inwhichIwouldbewillingtosteal.4.Chinaisthe_____________ofthestory.

environment

surroundingscircumstance

setting5.Peopletendtobehavedifferentlyindifferentsocial______________.6.Thecompanyhastherighttocancelthisagreementincertain______________.7.Heturnedonthelightandexaminedhis______________.8.Recyclingpaperandcarsisaneasywaytopreservethe______________.

environment

surroundingscircumstances

settings

10.optimistic（详见练习册）

11.takeup/sweepup（详见练习册）

sweepaside 对……置之不理Alltheadvicewassweptaside.所有的忠告都被当成了耳边风。

sweepaway 彻底消除，完成打消Alldoubtshavebeensweptaway.所有怀疑已经完全消除。

take

offtakeintakeovertakeawaytakedowntakebacktakeontakefor起飞，脱去欺骗接管带走记下取回，收回雇佣，呈现(错)当作，(误)以为

takealong takeapart

takecareof

takeplace

taketheplaceof

takenotes

takepartin

takepridein

takeone’sturn

随时携带拆开，拆卸照顾发生，举行代替记录，做笔记参加以……为自豪轮流练习册43答案MaryisanEnglishteacherwhosepatentsworkinJapan.Isthistheumbrellawhich/thatyouarelookingfor?October1,1949isthedaywhennewChinawasfounded.Thisistheplacewherethegreatmanwasborn.HetalkedaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore.Irememberallthethingsasiftheyhappenedyesterday.Hepausedasiftoletthepainfulmemorypass.Weshoulddowhatwecantohelphim.Whathurtourfeelingsmostwasherwords.Asyourfriend,IwilltellyouwhatIheard.Weclimbedinthroughthesmallopening.Mysisterjumpedoutfrombehindthedoor,whichfrightenedme.Hetookthebookfrombelowthepillowandhandedittome.ShehaslovedShakespearesincechildhood.IhavebeenlookingforwardtomeetingyoueversinceMarytoldmeaboutyou.Sinceyouhaven’tmadeupyourmind,whynotaskmotherforhelp?多个形容词修饰名词时，其排列顺序为：限定词(冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词)+数词(序数词、基数词)+描绘形容词(beautiful，good，interesting,kind)+特征形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)+颜色+国籍+材料+名词

afamousGermanmedicalschoolmyexpensiveJapanesesportscarthoselargeroundblackwoodentables1）Tonyisgoingcampingwith___boys.

A.

littletwoother

B.twolittleother

C.

twootherlittle

D.

littleothertwo

2)

Onedaytheycrossedthe____bridgebehindthepalace.

A.oldChinesestone

B.Chineseoldstone

C.oldstoneChinese

D.Chinesestoneold几个形容词修饰一个名词，排列顺序是：（年龄，形状，大小）+颜色+来源+质地+用途+国家+名词。3)--HowwasyourrecentvisittoQingdao?

--Itwasgreat.Wevisitedsomefriends，andspentthe___daysattheseaside.

A.fewlastsunny

B.lastfewsunny

C.lastsunnyfew

D.fewsunnylast本题考查多个形容词的排序问题。一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名词；如果几个形容词的重要性差不多，音节少的形容词在前，音节多的方在后。Ihaveseenamazingthings1.Described

asanenormousroundplate,itspinsslowlyinspaceslowlyinspacetoimitate

the

pull

of

theearth’sgravity.天空站像一个巨大的圆盘，在天空中缓缓地旋转，以仿照出地球重心的引力。Keysentences2.Youplacethemetalbandoveryourhead,clear

your

mind,pressthesendingbutton,thinkyourmessageandthenextinstantit’ssent.你把这种金属带子放在你的头上，排除杂念，按下发送键，集中精神想着你要传递的信息，片刻工夫信息就发出去了。3.It’squick,efficientandenvironmentally

friendly.它快捷有效，而且环保。4.Well,nowthereisasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology.现在我们有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废气物。5.Therubbishisturned

intoseveralgradesofusefulmaterial,suchas“fertilizer”forthefieldsand“soil”fordeserts.垃圾被分解成了几种有用的物质，如庄稼的“肥料”和沙漠中的“土壤”。6.Manufacturingnolongertakesplaceontheearthbuton

space

stationslikethisone.批量生产不再在地球上进行，而是转移到了像这样的天空站里。7.Whenthegoodsarereadythey’retransportedbyindustrial

spaceshipbacktoearth.一旦货物齐备，就用工用太空船运送到地球。Ex3,page562数十年前，人们还用打字机打出正式文件，但现在我们可以用电脑和打印机做同样的工作。Decades

ago,peopleusedtypewritersforformaldocuments,butnowweusecomputersandprinterstodothesamework.4千年之后地球上的居民可能可以用生态系统来处理垃圾。Onethousandyearsinthefuture,citizensoftheearthmaybe

able

todisposeoftheirrubbishusinganecologicalsystem.6与人打交道是商务人员工作的一个重要部分。Dealing

with

peopleisoneimportantaspectofabusinessman’swork.8在医院呆了六周以后，他终于恢复状态并且开始工作。Aftersixweeksinhospital,hewasbackonhisfeetandreadytostartwork.Unit2

由……组成弄清问题涉及，提到脱离，挣脱值得赞扬国际关系7.教育体制8.为了方便起见9.工业城市10.留心观察11.历史建筑12.使某人的旅途不虚此行又有意义5.辨析:accomplish,finish,complete,achieveaccomplish指成功地完成(任务),取得(成就),实现(计划),达到(目的)。

finish指把某件事做完,常指完成日常的琐事;另表“吃完”，“完成学业或课程”。其后跟V-ing形式做宾语。

complete较finish正式,常指完成计划、工程、建筑等，强调完成的结果。

achieve指通过努力克服困难，完成伟大功业，取得较大的成绩。1.Alazymanwouldnever_____________anything.2.Wesetoffimmediatelyafterwe_______ourlunch.3.Noonecan________hisgoalwithoutefforts.4.Thenewgallerywillbe__________bytheendofnextyear.

accomplished

finished

achieve

completed5.Hehopesto_________allhisaimsbytheendoftheyear.6.Thebridgeisn’t___________yet.7.Whendo____________yourcollegecourses?

finish

achieve

completed

15.error,mistake和faulterror指违反某一标准做的错事，包括道德上的错误,一般与commit搭配；

mistake指偶然做错了事，强调日常生活中的错误，一般与make搭配；

fault常常指人在性格上或办事上的“缺点,毛病”，强调过失的责任，不能与make搭配，一般与have或commit搭配Unit1了解……的情况体态特征提出一个理论传染性的疾病得出结论百姓;普通人暴露(…..)在……中把….吸收入….9.收集信息10.贫民区11.一条珍贵的线索12.缓解,慢下来13.肯定地宣布14.调查15.深入调查16.私人医生

对某人严格要求一个革命性的理论通向….;导致…只有，只要有意义,讲得通6.从事，致力于7.

完善理论8.

鼓励某人做某事9.

留心……，谨防……10.

宇宙的中心四、with+宾语+宾语补足语结构1.Theysattogetheraroundthetable,with

（门关着）.（shut）2.Theypretendedtobeworkingallnight,with

（灯亮着）.（burn）3.Ican’tgoouttoplay,with

（如此多作业要做）.（do）4.Thechildrencamerunningtowardus,with

（手里拿着花）（hand）5.With

（考试结束）,wehadalongtimetorest.（over）6.With__（这么多人来到现场）,Ifeltnervous.（present）Practice2:Rewritethefollowingsentenceswiththepastparticipleasattributive.Let’strythebookstorethatwasopenedlastmonth.

Let’strythebookstoreopenedlastmonth.Nineoutoftenwomeninterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Nineoutoftenwomenwhowereinterviewedabouttheproductsaidtheylikedit.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheretiredworkers.Yesterday,thePresidentwenttovisittheworkerswhohadretired.

Rewritethesesentencesasonesentenceusingthepastparticipleastheattributeorpredicative.(P44)21.Ifoundthisplateonthefloor.Theplatewasbrokeninpieces.

Ifoundthisbrokenplateonthefloor. Ifoundthisplatebrokeninpiecesonthefloor.2.Isawatall,darkandhandsomeman.HisnameisXiaoMing.Isawatall,darkandhandsomemancalledXiaoMing.3.Ilookedatthatmodemabstract(抽象)painting.Itwascoloredinyellowsandgreens.Ilookedatthatmodemabstractpaintingcoloredinyellowsandgreens.4.YesterdayIgottheanswertomyquestion.ItwastheoneIexpected.YesterdayIgottheexpectedanswertomyquestion.5.Sheisoneofmyfriends.Sheisdevotedtomyinterests.Sheismyfrienddevotedtomyinterests.6.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottles.Theyweremarkedingreenink.OnthedoorstepIfoundalotofbottlesmarkedingreenink.7.Wesawmanywindowsinthatroom.Theywereallcracked.Wesawmanycrackedwindowsinthatroom.LanguagepointsforreadingII

(1)谓语动词用过去式表现在：

IfonlyIknewhisname!

要是我知道他的名字就好了。

(2)谓语动词用过去完成时表过去：

Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice!

我们要是采纳你的意见就好了。

(3)谓语动词用could/would表将来：

IfonlyIcouldseehimagain!

要是我能再看到他多好啊！

Ifonlyshewouldacceptmyinvitation!

要是她接受我的邀请该多好啊！虚拟语气

2.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingrounditandonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。

with+宾语+宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。介词短语,过去分词