学员陈军七选五

英语阅读

——七选五解题技巧Thebestpreparationfortomorrowisdoingyourbesttoday.

杜宪利名师工作室学员陈军命题特点：1.题型归纳:完形填空填的是词，七选五填的是句子，但考察重点相似。该题型在新课标卷出现以来均采用说明文。2.选材特点：

短文一般为300词左右的说明文或议论文，其中正文词数240左右，选项词数60左右。短文篇章结构常归纳为：提出问题——解决问题，一般不在首句设空。

3.

主旨句（标题类，主题句类）

设空类型

过渡性句子（文章结构）

细节注释性句子（上下文逻辑

意义）

一）题型解读：试题模式：给出一篇缺少5个句子的文章，对应有七个选项，要求同学们根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。（考试说明）选项特点：主旨概括句（文章整体内容）过渡性句子（文章结构）注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）Thenexttimeyougointoabank,astore,orasupermarket,stopandlisten.Whatdoyouhear?___71___It'ssimilartothemusicyoulistento,butit'snotexactlythesame.That'sbecausethismusicwasespeciallydesignedtorelaxyou,ortogiveyouextraenergy.Sometimesyoudon'tevenrealizethemusicisplaying,butyoureacttothemusicanyway.C.Musicisplayinginthebackground.

Quietbackgroundmusicusedtobecalled"elevator(电梯)music"becauseweoftenhearditinelevators.Butlatelywehearitinmoreandmoreplaces,andithasanewname"Muzak".Aboutone-thirdofthepeopleinAmericalistento"Muzak"everyday.Themusicplaysfor15minutesatatime,withshortpausesinbetween.Itisalwaysmorelivelybetweentenandeleveninthemorning,andbetweenthreeandfourintheafternoon,whenpeoplearemoretired.___72___B.Themusicgivesthemextraenergy.IfyoulistentoMuzakcarefully,youwillprobablyrecognizethenamesofmanyofthesongs.Somemusiciansorsongwritersdon'twanttheirsongstobeusedasMuzak,butothersarehappywhentheirsongsarechosen.Why?___73___F.Theygetasmuchas$4millionayeariftheirsongsareused.Musicisoftenplayedinpublicplacesbecauseitisdesignedtomakepeoplefeellesslonelywhentheyareinanairportorahotel.IthasbeenproventhatMuzakdoeswhatitisdesignedtodo.TiredofficeworkerssuddenlyhavemoreenergywhentheyhearthepleasantsoundofMuzakinthebackground.___74___Supermarketshoppersbuy38percentmoregroceries.D.Factoryworkersproduce13percentmore.___75___Theysayit'sboringtohearthesamesongsallthetime.ButotherpeopleenjoyhearingMuzakinpublicplaces.Theysayithelpsthemrelaxandfeelcalm.Onewayoranother,Muzakaffectseveryone.SomefarmersevensaytheircowsgivemoremilkwhentheyhearMuzak!

A.Somepeopledon'tlikeMuzak.解题步骤:我们可以尝试四步走。

1.先读文章的开始部分，明确文章的基本话题,然后仔细阅读五个空各自的前后句寻找并画出关键词。2.要对文章中出现的衔接手段保持敏感度。衔接手段分为三种：词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接。可按这几个原则判断原文的空与选项是否匹配。3.一旦确定一个选项，就要在该选项上做出标记（例如可以删掉），以避免干扰和分散注意力。4.将选项代入到文章中重读，依据行文逻辑，再次确定选项。细节类题型解题技巧

(词汇的衔接或逻辑的衔接)答题技巧：1.词汇的衔接包括：1)词汇复现复现，是保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手段，即作者在文章上下文不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述。复现关系，主要是指原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现、反义词复现等。

Ex1…Thescientistssaythatthehumanlifehaschangedgreatly．Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyleandthishadledtonewkindsofsicknesses．

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Sotheyarecalled"diseasesofcivilization"．Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.A．StoneAgepeoplelivedasimplelife.B．Buttoday,weenjoyeatingalotofthese.C．Inthatcase,theywouldlivemuchhealthier.D．Ancientpeoplealsogotlotsofphysicalexercise.E．Thesenewsicknesses

werenotknowninancient

times.F．

Peopletodayprobablydon'twanttolivelikeourancestors.G．Modernpeopleusedtosufferfrom"diseasesofcivilization".

sicknessessicknessesE同词复现Ex2Thinkahead.themomentswhenIthinkcookingisapainarewhenI’malreadyhungryandthere’sanotherthingreadytoeat.Sothinkaheadofthecomingweek.Whenwillyouhave

timetocook?Doyouhavetherightmaterialsalready?37

G.Alittletimeplanningaheadcansavealotofworklateron.Ex3Make

your

time

worth

it.

When

you

do

find

time

to

cook

a

meal,

make

the

most

of

it

and

save

yourself

time

later

on.

Are

you

making

one

loaf

of

bread?__38_It

takesaround

the

same

amount

of

time

to

make

more

of

somethingC.MakethreeorfourinsteadEx4…Ontheotherhand,theadvantagesofgoingoverseasmayincludeday-to-dayopportunitiestolearnanewculture,meetnewfriendswithwhomyoucanuseandpracticethelanguage,andchancestoseedifferentpartsoftheworld.______Thosedisadvantagesincludeexpense,timeawayfromone’sschool,family,…Thefollowingareitsadvantages.B.However,

theremaybeanumberofdisadvantages.C.Consideradistanceeducation.D.Mostofusareadaptedtostudyingatschool.However?反义词复现2)同范畴词出现

同范畴词是指跟此词汇相关或同一领域的词汇在文章中共同出现，达到语义衔接的目的。你可以在选项中找到与此词汇最接近的词，从而达到快而准。一般来说，上下文中词汇联系越接近，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。

Ex1Everybodygetsstressedtimetotime.Trytakingthesefourstepsthenexttimeyouarestressed:(1)Getsupport.Whenyouneedhelp,reachouttothepeoplewhocareaboutyou.Talktoatrustedadult,suchasaparentorotherrelatives.72Theymighthavehadsimilarproblems

suchasdealingwithatest,orthedeathofabelovedpet.A.Askforahelpinghandtogetyouthroughthe

toughsituation.C.DifferentpeoplefeelstressindifferentwaysE.Youneedtofigureoutwhattheproblemis.F.Anddon'tforgetaboutyourfriends.

可以相信的人=父母+亲戚+朋友（同范畴）F3)代词线索

英语表达中代词出现的频率极高，代词的作用无非是指代前面提及的名词或形容词概念，巧妙利用这样的指代关系和根据代词的单复数差异可以准确而快速地解题。it可指代单数名词或整个句子；they或them指代复数名词；one指代单数可数名词；that指代不可数名词或句子；this指代单数名词或句子;these或those指代前句的复数名词。Ex1…

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Theysaythefirststepistoadmitthatyouareangryandtorecognizetherealcauseoftheanger,…

B.Hesaidthatlaughterismuchhealthierthananger.A.Doctorssaythesolutionislearninghowtodealwithanger.C.Angerisanormalemotionthatweallfeelfromtimetotime.TheyAEx2Some40yearsearlier,atthebeginningofthe18thcentury,theFrenchhadfoundedanothercityjustabovetheMississippidelta,NewOrleans.75.NewOrleansisoneofthegreatportsoftheworld,andoneofthegreatestterminalsforbothseaandrivertraffic.A.ItwastheMississippithatmadethecitywhatitis.

Atthebeginning,muchdependsonhowpeoplemeet，andongoodfirstimpressions.Aswegettoknowpeople,72.Althoughthesefactorsarenotofthegreatestimportance，itismoredifficulttohaveagoodrelationshipwithpeoplewhenthereisabigdifferenceinageandbackground．E．weconsiderthingslikeage，race，looks，economicandsocialstatus，etc（西城期末）Ex3

过渡性句子可以从细节逻辑上判断可分为：A,并列关系：First(ly),Second(ly),...；First,then/next,...；Inthefirstplace，inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing,...；then/next,finally/last等。B,递进关系：too,also,besides,further,furthermore,moreover,what’smore,inaddition,

aswell,tomakemattersworse,not...but...,notonly...butalso等。C,解释例证关系：forexample,forinstance,infact/asamatteroffact,actually,inotherwords/thatistosay等D,因果关系：

so/therefore,thus,consequently(结果）,asaresult(of),so/such...that...,sothat...等E,转折对比关系：but,however,yet,while/though,or/otherwise,onthecontrary,instead,nevertheless（然而）,still,yet,onthecontrary,incontrast/comparison等F,概况归纳关系：inshort,inbrief,insummary,generallyspeaking,ingeneral,toconclude,inconclusion,inaword,onthewhole,tosumup等2.逻辑关系的衔接B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.A.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.C.First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.___.Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingforatest.CEx1…Ex2Overthelast25years,Britishsocietyhaschangedagreatdeal–oratleastmanypartsofithave.71.Ideasaboutsocialclass–whetherapersonis“working-class”or“middle-class”–areoneareainwhichchangeshavebeenextremelyslow.F．Insomeways,however,verylittlehaschanged,particularlywhereattitudesareconcerned.篇章结构类题解题技巧根据试题所在位置确定不同的解题策略1)如果问题在段首

通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。关注每段首尾句，了解大意知主题。

2)如果问题在段尾

通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如therefore,asaresult,thus,hence,inshort,tosumup,toconclude,inaword等词语，选项中也可发现前文的同义词句。

.靠上下文承接做题Theoldstyleofwhatamiddle-classmandidwithhismoneywasperhapsnearerthetruth.Hewas-andstillis-inclinedtotakealonger-termview.…Onlyinveryfewcasesdidworkershavetheopportunitytomakesuchlong-termplans.

73.Inalargenumberofcasesfactoryworkersearnasmuchastheirmiddle–classsupervisors(管理者).Socialsecurityandlawstoimprovecentury,havemadeitlessnecessarythanbeforetoworryabout"tomorrow".Working-classpeopleseemslowl