Unit 4 Natural disasters 重点词汇解析学案- 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

新人教必修一U4NaturalDisaster词汇解析词性转换tornadon.龙卷风pl.tornadoesfloodn.洪水adj.flooded淹没的volcanon.火山adj.volcanic火山的destroyv.破坏n.destruction破坏adj.destructive毁灭性的，造成破坏的deathn.死亡v.die死去adj.dead死亡的dying垂死的，临终的electricityn.电，电能adj.electric电动的，带电的revivev.复活，使苏醒n.revival复苏，振兴wisdomn.智慧，才智adj.wise明智的，英明的affectv.影响，使感动n.effect影响affection喜爱，钟爱shockv./n.使震惊，吃惊adj.shocked吃惊的，震惊的shocking令人震惊的buryv.掩埋，埋葬n.burial葬礼，埋葬breathev.呼吸n.breath呼吸adj.breathtaking惊人的，令人惊叹的breathless气喘吁吁的adv.Breathlessly气喘吁吁地effortn.努力，尽力adj.effortless不费力的sufferv.遭受n.suffering苦难，痛苦eruptv.爆发n.eruption爆发powern.电力供应，能量adj.powerful强大的powerless无权的emergencyn.突发事件，紧急情况adj.emergent新出现的supplyn.供应，供给v.提供n.supplier供应商survivev.幸存，幸免于难n.survivor幸存者survival幸存，残余物20.calmadj.镇静的，冷静的v.使镇静，使平静adv.calmly冷静地，沉着地n.calmness平静，镇定21.deliverv.递送，传达，发表n.delivery递送，交付22.summaryn.总结，概要v.summarize总结，概述23.lengthn.长度v.lengthen加长，延长adj.long长的24.effectn.影响，效果，结果v.affect影响adj.effective有效的ineffective无效的adv.effectively有效地重点词汇讲解rescuev./n.救援，营救rescueteam救援队cometothe/one’srescue救助某人，搭救某人rescue...from...从中拯救例：一支救援队正在努力接近被困矿工。Arescueteamistryingtoreachthetrappedminers.他的爸爸救了他，借了钱给他Hisfathercametohisrescueandlenthimsomemoney.消防员设法把小男孩从火中拯救出来。Thefirefightermanagedtorescuetheboyfromthefire.damagev./n.破坏，损坏do/causedamage(to)（对）造成损害例：一些建筑在地震中遭到了破坏。Somebuildingsweredamagedintheearthquake.经常喝酒对健康有害。Drinkingfrequentlycancausedamagetohealth.affectv.影响，（疾病）侵袭，使感动affectionn.喜爱effectn.影响beaffectedby被影响，使悲痛haveanaffectionfor...对喜爱haveaneffecton...对有影响例：不良的学习习惯会影响学习效率。Badlearninghabitscanaffecttheefficiencyofthestudy.这个消息令他深感难过。Shewasdeeplyaffectedbythebadnews.这个外国人很喜欢中国文化。TheforeignerhasanaffectionforChineseculture.shelterv.保护，掩蔽n.避难所，收容所shelterfrom...躲避shelter...from...保护免受undertheshelterofsth.在某物的庇护/掩蔽下takeshelterfrom...躲避例：他们在树荫下享受野餐。Theyenjoyedtheirpicnicundertheshelterofthetree.他们在一个庙里躲雨。Theytookshelterfromtheraininatemple.ruinn.废墟v.毁掉，破坏lie/beinruins破败不堪，严重受损例：战争过后，这个城市成为一片废墟。Afterthewar,thecitywasinruins.正是这封邮件毁掉了一天的好心情。Itwasthee-mailthatruinedanentireday.trap（trapped-trapped）v.使落入险境，使陷入陷阱n.圈套，陷阱be/gettrappedin/on...被困于/陷于trapo(doing)sth.诱骗某人(做)某事例：她被骗在这个文件上签了字。Shewastrappedintosigningthepaper.这些动物被困在笼子里。Theseanimalswere/gottrappedinthecages.breathev.呼吸breathn.呼吸breathein/out吸气/呼气catchone’sbreath恢复正常的呼吸holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸beoutofbreath喘不过气来takeadeepbreath深呼吸abreathofwind/air一丝微风例：我们呼吸着凉爽的海风。Webreathedinthecoolseaair.全欧洲屏息以待，看谁会赢得这次选举。AllEuropehelditsbreathtoseewhowouldwintheelection.深呼吸，冷静下来。Takeadeepbreathandcalmyourselfdown.effortn.努力，尽力makeefforts(forsth.)为努力，尽力makeaneffort/effortstodosth.努力做某事sparenoefforttodosth.不遗余力做某事例：我们每个人都应该为和平尽力。Eachofusshouldmakeeffortforpeace.无论怎样，我们应该努力开始。Anyway,weshouldmakeeffortstostart.她竭尽全力考上了大学。Shesparednoefforttoattendtouniversity.sufferv.遭受sufferingn.苦难，痛苦sufferern.受难者sufferfrom...遭受sufferpain遭受痛苦sufferadefeat遭受失败suffergreatlosses遭受巨大的损失sufferaheartdisease心脏病发作例：她患有严重的背部疾病。Shesuffersfromaseriousbackache.你认为遭受地震的人们需要什么样的帮助？Whatkindofhelpdoyouthinkpeoplewhohavesufferedanearthquakeneed?supplyv.供应n.供给，补给品suppliern.供应商supplysb.withsth.=supplysth.tosb.给某人提供某物inshortsupply供应短缺bewell/poorlysuppliedwithsth.某物供给充足/不足表示提供的短语：supplysb.withsth.=videsb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.例：这段时间电力供应不足。Electricitywasinshortsupplyduringthisperiod.我们会为你提供最好的服务。Wewillsupplythebestservicetoyou.survivev.幸存，继续存在survivaln.幸存，残余物survivorn.幸存者，生存者surviveon依靠生存下来例：公司设法度过了危机。Thecompanymanagedtosurvivethecrisis.一些鸟在人类的呵护下幸存了下来。Somebirdssurvivedunderhumancare.这场事故中无人幸存。Therewasnosurvivorintheaccident.aidn.帮助，援助v.帮助，援助givefirstaid进行急救withtheaidof...=withone’said在的帮助下come/gotoone’said=cometotheaidofsb.帮助某人aidsb.indoingsth.帮助某人做某事aidsb.todosth.帮助某人做某事aidsb.withsth.在某方面帮助某人例：在老师的帮助下，我顺利通过了考试。Withtheaidoftheteacher