【公开课】Unit4Discovering+Useful Structures课件-2022-2023学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

GrammarthepastparticipaeformaspredicativeandadverbialsLearningObjectivesInthisclass,youwill1.knowthedifferentmeaningsandfunctionsofthepastparticipaeformaspredicativeandadverbials.2.practiceandfutherconsolidatetheuseofthepastparticipaeformaspredicativeandadverbials.[探究发现]

1.Thenextdaywasclearandmild,andthey

werepleasedtoseethebeautifulmountains

lookingoutoverthecity.2.Seenfromthetrainwindow,themountains

andforestsofCanadalookedmassive.3.Whenweheardofit,weweredeeplymoved.4.Istaredatthemovingmodelofthewaste

machine,absorbedbyitsefficiency.[我的发现](1)___________句是过去分词作表语(2)____________句是过去分词（短语）作状语1和32和4要点规则详析

一、过去分词作表语1.过去分词可用在系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语，表示主语所处的状态。Heseemedquitedelightedatthenews.听到那个消息他似乎很高兴。ThedoorremainedunlockedwhenIwent

backhome.我回家时门仍然未锁。[即时训练1]

(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①InApril,thousandsofholidaymakersremained_________(stick)

abroadduetothevolcanic

ashcloud.②Ladiesandgentlemen,pleaseremain__________(seat)untiltheplanehascometoacomplete

stop.(2)完成句子③Whydoyoualways_________?你为什么总是看上去很疲劳？④I______________________thefilmIsaw

lastnight.Ihadexpectedittobebetter.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。stuckseatedlooktiredwasdisappointedat2.过去分词作表语时与被动语态的区别

过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。Thecupisbroken.

杯子破了。（系表结构）ThecupwasbrokenbyTom.杯子是汤姆打破的。（被动语态）[即时训练2】对比翻译①这本书写得很好。________________________________________②这本书是由一名著名的作家写的。_________________________________________________Thebookiswellwritten.Thebookwaswrittenbyafamouswriter.3.感觉类及物动词的现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别

过去分词作表语多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态，常译作“感到…的”；现在分词多表示事物具有的特性，常译作“令人…的”。Weweresurprisedatwhathesaidatthemeeting.我们对他在会上讲的话很是惊讶。Hiswordsarediscouraging,whichmade

manypeople

discouraged.他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。[名师点津]英语中有很多与感觉有关的及物动词，其现在分词表示主动意义，即“令人有某种感觉的”，多用来修饰物；其过去分词含有被动意义，即“人被引起某种感觉的”，多用来指人、人的声音或表情等。即时训练3用所给词的适当形式填空①Wewere___________attheresultofthe

experiment,becauseitwasabittoo_______________.(disappoint)②Thenewswas__________andtheywereall__________atit.(excite)③Weallfelt_____________atthe_____________

news.(encourage)④Theaudiencewereall________totearsby

the__________film.(move)disappointeddisappointingexcitingexcitedencouragedencouragingmovedmoving二、过去分词（短语）作状语

(一)过去分词（短语）作状语的用法过去分词（短语）作状语，一般在句子中表示时间、让步、条件、原因、方式、伴随和结果，相当于个状语从句。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与其逻辑主语之间构成逻辑上的被动关系。1.作时间状语相当于时间状语从句。可在过去分词前加上连词“when,while,unti”等，使其时间意义更明确Seen

fromthetopofthehill,thetownlooks

morebeautiful.=Whenitisseenfromthetopofthehill,the

townlooksmorebeautiful.从山顶往下看，这座城镇看起来更加漂亮。2.作原因状语

相当于原因状语从句或并列结构。Deeplymovedbythestory,thechildrenbegan

tocry.=Becausetheyweredeeplymovedbythe

story,thechildrenbegantocry.由于被故事深深地感动，孩子们开始哭了起来。3.作条件状语相当于条件状语从句。可加连词if，unless等转换成条件状语从句。Given

moretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoit

muchbetter.多给我们，点时间，我们会做得更好4.作让步状语相当于让步状语从句。有时可加although，though,evenif,even

though,

whether

or

等连词转换成让步状语从句。Defeated

byhisopponent,henevergaveup

anyhope.=Althoughhewasdefeatedbyhisopponent,

henevergaveupanyhope.尽管被对手击败，但是他从来没放弃希望。5.作方式和伴随状语

相当于and连接的并列结构。Thepresidentofthecompanycmetoth

factory,followedbysomeworkers.=Thepresidentofthecompanycametoth

factoryandhewasfollowedbysomeorker公司总经理在几位工人的陪同下来到工厂，[名师点津]值得注意的是，有些过去分词及短语因来源于系表结构，作状语时不强调被动而重在描述主语的状态。这样的过去分词及短语常见的有：lost(迷路)，seated(坐)，hidden(躲)，lost/absorbed(沉溺于)，dressedin(穿着)，tiredof(厌烦)Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.由于陷入沉思之中，他没有听到铃声。即时训练4(1)用所给词的适当形式填空①__________(found)intheearly20century,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildre

loveofart.

②When_______(ask）forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefou

veryinterestingandrewarding.③_____(use)withcare,onetin

lastforsixweeks.(2)同义句转换④United,westand;divided,wefall.___________________,westand;_________________,wefall.⑤Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakento

hospital.__________________________________,hehadtobetakentothehospital.FoundedaskedUSedIfweareunitedifwearedividedBecausehewasseriouslyinjured⑥Thoughhewaswounded,thebravesoldiercontinuedtofight.______________,thebravesoldiercontinued

tofight.⑦Whenhewasaskedabouthis

family,hemade

noanswer.______________________________,hemadenoanswer.⑧Thepresidententeredthehall,andhe

accompaniedbyagroupofleaders.Thepresidententeredthehall,____________________________WoundedWhenaskedabouthis

familyaccompaniedbyagroupofleaders.①Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.因为做得匆忙，他的作业满是错。②Hestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.＝Movedtotears,hestoodtheresilently.他静静地站在那里，被感动地热泪盈眶。③Defeatedagain，thescientistdidn'tgiveup.尽管再次被打败了，但这位科学家并没有放弃。④Seenfromtheair，theGreatWalllookslikeagiantdragon.从空中看，长城像一条巨龙。⑤Children,whenaccompaniedbytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.当孩子们由父母陪同时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。(二)过去分词（短语）作状语时在句中的位置过去分词（短语）作条件、原因及时间状语时，通常放在句首；作伴随、结果状语时，通常放在句末；作方式状语时，一般放在句末，有时也放在句首；作让步状语时，一般放在句首，有时也放在句末。Toldthathismotherwasill,Li

Leihurriedhome

quickly.得知母亲生病了，李雷迅速赶回了家。Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.老人在儿子的搀扶下走进了房间。(三)过去分词的独立结构作状语过去分词作状语时，有时在分词前加上自己的主语，这种带有自身主语的过去分词被称为过去分词的独立主格结构。过去分词的独立主格结构通常在句中作状语，可表示时间、原因条件等。Extramoneygiventothepoor,hefeltveryhappy.=Becauseextramoneywasgiventothepoor,

hefeltveryhappy.因额外给了穷人一些钱，他感到很高兴即时训练

用独立主格结构作状语改写句子①Theplanwassuccessfullycarriedout,and

everythingworkedoutperfectly.____________________________,everythingworkedoutperfectly.②Theboywasknockedover,andblood

streameddownhishead.___________________,blood

streameddownhishead.③Afterthetaskhadbeencompleted,wehada

globaltravelling.__________________,wehadaglobal

travelling.TheplansuccessfullycarriedoutTheboyknockedoverThetaskcompleted(四)过去分词与现在分词作状语的区别过去分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，即表示被动；现在分词与其逻辑主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，即表示主动。[巧学助记]分词作状语记忆口诀分词作状语，主语是问题。前后两动作，共用一主语。主语找出后，再来判关系。主动用-ing,被动用-ed。Askedwhyhewaslate,hecried.