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HeavyOilDevelopmentTechnologyofLiaoheOilfieldHanYun(ScientificResearchInformationDepartmentExploration&DevelopmentResearchInstitute,LiaoheOilfieldCompany)LiaoheOilfield,thelargestheavyoilproductionbaseinChinafeaturesinvariousreservoirtypes,deepburial,andwiderangeofcrudeoilviscosity.Formanyyearsaseriesoftechnologieshavebeendevelopedfordifferentoilproductsandreservoirtypesoftheoilfield,ofwhichwaterflooding,foamslugdrive,steamstimulation,steamdrive,andSAGDarethemaintechnologies.Aftercontinuousimprovement,theyhavebeenfurtherdevelopedandplayedanimportantroleinthedevelopmentofheavyoilintheoilfield.LiaoheOilfieldisabundantinheavyoilresources46%ofthetotalprovedreservesofLiaoheOilfieldCompany.HorizontallytheresourcesconcentratesintheWestDepressionandthesouthernplungingbeltoftheCentralUpliftinLiaoheRift.Vertically,itismainlydistributedinPaleoceneShahejieFormation(ES).ThedistinctivegeologicalfeatureofLiaohe0ilfieldismanifestedinthreeaspectsfirst,theheavyoilreservoirsaredeeplyburiedand80%ofthemareburiedmorethan900mdeep；second,theheavyoilviscosityrangeswidely.Formostofthereservoirs,thedeadoilviscosityrangesin100〜100000mPaswiththemaximum650000mPas.Thirdthereservoirtypesarevariouswithcomplicatedoil—waterrelationship,mostofthereservoirsareedgewaterandbosomwaterreservoirsandtherearealsoedgewaterreservoirstopwaterreservoirsandbosomwaterreservoirsFormorethan20yearsofdevelopment,LiaoheOilfieldhasdevelopedseriesofheavyoildevelopmenttechnologiesfordifferentoilproductsanddifferenttypesofreservoirs,suchaswaterflooding,foamslugdrive,steamstimulationsteamdriveandSAGD.Themostdifficultissueshavebeenovercomeinthedevelopmentofthesuperheavyoilindeeperformation,whichhasmaintainedtheannualheavyoiloutputat8milliontonsformanyyearsinLiaoheOilfield.Waterfloodingdevelopmenttechnologyforconventionalheavyoil-type1Basedonheavyoilclassification,theconventionalheavyoil.typeIreferstotheheavyoilwithviscosityrangingin50〜100mPas,takingupabout20%oftheprovedoilreservesoftheoilfield.Theheavyoilreservoirsofthistypeareburiedrangingfrom1500mto2400mdeepandarecapableofflowingTherefore,naturalenergyisutilizedforconventionaldevelopmentandthenwaterfloodingtechnologyisusedForexample,thereservoirof$32oilunitofBlockLeng-43isburied1650〜l940mdeepwiththeaverageoilzone87.7mthickandtheoilviscosityinsitu58mPas.In1992,the141mspacingsquarewellpatternwasadoptedtodevelopthekindofreservoirsbyutilizingnaturalenergyandtwosetsofoilproductionzones.In2004,waterfloodingtechnologywasapplied.Currently,thedegreeofreserverecoveryreaches1%.theannualoilrecoveryrateis1%,andtheultimaterecoveryratioispredictedtobeashighas22.Technologyoffoamslugandforconventionalheavyoil-typesteamfloodingforconventionalheavyoil-type2Theupperlimitofviscosityfortheconventionalheavyoil—typeIIisl0000mPas(thedeadoilviscosityinsitu).ThiskindofheavyoilisthedominanttypeofheavyoilinLiaoheOilfield,accountingfor60%oftotalprovedreserves.Thereservoirofsuchheavyoilisbuffed800-1600mdeepingenera1.Atinitialdevelopmentstage,steamstimulationwascarriedouttodevelopthiskindofreservoirs.Inthehighercyclesofsteamflooding,thereservoirswiththeheavyoilviscosityclosetothelowerlimitofthiskindofheavyoilareconversedintothesteamdrivedevelopment.PilottestsoffoamslugandsteamfloodinghaveconductedinBlockJin-90andBlockQi-40successfully,andtheywillbeappliedtothewholeblocksinnearfuture.Therecoveryfactorisforecasttobeupto50~60%.SteamstimulationtechnologyforspecialheavyoilThespecialheavyoilreferstotheheavyoilwiththeviscosityrangingin10000~50000mPasinsitu,whichtakesup10%ofprovedoilreservesoftheoilfield.Thereservoirofthekindofoilisburiedrangingfrom1400mto1800m.Steamsimulationtechnologyisoftenappliedtodevelopsuchreservoirs.However,technologyofsteamdriveorSAGDarealsounderresearchandexperimentsforreservoirsofgoodquality.SAGDtechnologyforsuperheavyoilThesuperheavyoilreservoirreferstotheheavyoilwithdeadoilviscosityinsituover50000mPas,whichaccountsfor10%ofprovedreservesoftheoilfield.Duetoitsextremelyhighviscosity,itisjustdevelopedforfewyears.Forthemassivesuperheavyoilreservoirs,SAGDcanbeappliedinthelatestageofsteamstimulation.Atpresent,goodintermediateresultshavebeenobtainedinSAGDpilottestinBlockDu-84ofGuantaoFormation,showinggoodprospectforapplication.Theyhavebeenappliedinthewholeblockandtheultimaterecoveryfactorispredictedtoachieve55%.ConclusionVarioustechnologyshouldbeappliedtodevelopdifferenttypesofheavyoilreservoirs.Besidesthetechnologiesmentionedabove,thetechnologiesofcombustioninsitu,fluegasdrive,andsteamfoamdrivearealsounderresearchcurrently.Therefore,variousdevelopmenttechnologieswillbeincreasinglyimprovedwiththeheavyoildevelopmentofLiaoheOilfield.ReferencesWangXu.2006.HeavyOilDevelopmentTechnologiesandDiscussionontheResearchOrientationintheNextStep.PetroleumExplorationandDevelopment[J],33(4):484~490LiuJunrong.ThePaperCollectionofLiaoheOilfieldDevelopmentSeminar[C]:Beijing,PetroleumIndustryPress,2002ZengYuqiang.2006.HeavyOilsteamStimulationReview.SpecialOil&GasReservoir[J],13(6):5~9辽河油田的重油开发技术韩云（科研信息部门勘探和开发研究所、辽河油田公司）辽河油田，在中国最大的重油生产基地，在不同的储层类型，具有埋藏深，与原油粘度范围宽。多年来，一系列的技术已经被开发用于不同的石油产品和油田的储层类型，其中水驱，泡沫驱，蒸汽吞吐，蒸汽驱动，和SAGD^术主要有。经过不断的改进，他们已经得到了进一步的发展和在油田稠油开发的重要作用。辽河油田重油资源丰富，辽河油田公司的总探明储量的46%横向的资源集中在西部凹陷，南部倾带在辽河断陷中央隆起。纵向上，主要分布在古新统沙河（ES）。辽河油田独特的地质特征主要表现为三个方面：第一，重油油藏埋藏深，80就埋超过900米深；第二，重油的粘度范围广泛。对于大多数的油藏，死油的粘度范围在100〜100000mpa,而最大值约为650000mpa;第三，油藏类型是各种复杂的油水关系，大多数的油藏边水和怀水库也有边水库，上水库和怀水库。20多年的发展，辽河油田开发了不同油品、不同类型油藏稠油开发技术系列，如水驱，泡沫驱，蒸汽吞吐蒸汽驱和SAGD最难的问题已被克服，在超稠油开发中具有更深的地层。保持着每年稠油产量在8000000吨辽河油田多年。常规稠油注水开发技术1型基于稠油分类，常规稠油I型是指稠油粘度为50到100mPa-s,约为已探明石油储量的油田20%这种类型的重油油藏埋从500米至2400米深，能够流动。因此，自然能源用于常规发展，然后注水技术是使用。例如，油藏32美元的石油单位块Leng-43深埋1650〜1940m,平均石油区厚87.7米和油粘度原位58mPa•s。1992,141米间距的正方形井网是通过利用自然能源和两套油生产区开发该类储层中的应用。2004,应运水驱技术。目前，采出程度达到14%每年的油回收率为1%和最终采收率预计将高达22%泡沫段塞技术和常规稠油蒸汽驱常规稠油2型对于常规稠油n型粘度上限为L0000mPa-s(原位重油粘度)。这类稠油是辽河油田稠油的主要类型，占探明储量占6