牛津译林英语高中模块6优质课件

全册精品课件英语译林出版社（牛津译林）高中模块6Unit1

WelcometotheunitBrainstormingWhatcanmakeuslaugh?jokescomediesfunnymovieshumorousstories…SharinginformationWhereishestanding?Inaspotlight,onstage.Whatkindoffacialexpressionisthemanwearing?Afunnyfacialexpression.Whatishedoingthere?Puttingonperformances,amusingandentertainingtheaudience.Whatmighthebesaying?Hemightbetellingajoke.Whereandwhencanyouseethefunniestman?AttheComedyClubthisTuesday.Talkabouttheposterswithyourpartner,andthenwe’llsharewhatyouhavegotfromtheposters.DiscussionWhatkindofperformancedoyoulikebest?Whoisyourfavoriteperformer?MakingfunDiscussionWhydopeoplelikefunnythings?DiscussionHowcanwehavemorelaughterinourdailylife?HomeworkReadingA&B.LaughterisgoodforyouReadingRevision1.Whatarethemaincharacteristicsofstand-up?OnepersonStanddirectlyinfrontoftheaudienceandcommunicatewiththeaudienceImprovise1.Thereareavarietyofdifferentstylesofstand-upcomedy.avarietyof

Thereisawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.Thistoolcanbeusedinavarietyofways.

Shetookthejobforvariousreasons.

Languagefocus2.Somecomedianstelljokesaboutthewaypeoplebehaveoraboutdailylife.behavebehaveoneselfadv-behavedHebehavedlikeatruegentleman.IwantyoutobehaveyourselfwhileIamaway.well-behaved,badly-behaved3.Thelastkindofcomediandoesimpressions—heorshewillactorspeaklikeawell-knownpersoninordertomakefunofthatperson.

makefunofmakejokesaboutItiscrueltomakefunofpeoplewithdisabilities.4.Eachtime,heperformshisstand-uproutineinfrontofmillionsofpeoplewhentheshowisbroadcastliveonTV.liveadv.

现场地；直播地Withallthenewsbroadcastlive,thepressureontheannouncersisbecomingheavier.liveadj.

现场的，直播的；有生命的，活的WearewatchingthelivecoverageoftheOlympics.区分alive,live,living(形容词，做“活的”讲)Whoisthegreatestmanalive?Shemustbealive.Let’skeepthefishalive.Haveyouseenalivewhale?Shewasfrightenedatthesightofalivesnake.Manylivingthinsaredyingoutbecauseoftheglobalwarming.Maybeheisthefinestlivingpianist.alive:既可以指人，也可以指物。在句中做表语或宾语补足语。做定语时应放在所修饰的名词之后。live：常做定语，放在所修饰的名词之前，一般不指人。living：用作定语或表语，即可指人，也可指物。作定语时前置。5.Hetalkedforseveralminutes,butforgottofirstturnonthemicrophone.PracticeMyformerEnglishteacher,who______inoutschoolforover20years,nowlivesinhishometowninYangzhou.HasworkedB.workedC.HadworkedD.worksB6.Crystal’spopularitywithallagegroupsandhisabilitytoamusepeopleallovertheworldprovethatstand-upcanbeenjoyedbyeveryone.amusevt.

Myfunnydrawingsamusedthekids.ShethoughtoutseveralideastohelpLauraamusethetwins.amusedadj.

感到好笑的amusingadj.

逗人笑的，有趣的amusementn.

可笑，娱乐toone’samusement=totheamusementofsb.7.Doctorshavebeenresearchingwhateffectstand-upandotherformsofcomedyhaveonus.haveaneffecton注意词组在具体语境中的使用活学活用Youwillfindwhatgreatbenefitthecomputeryouowncanbe_____eachtimeyouuseittohelpyouwork.forB.atC.onD.ofbeofbenefitof=bebeneficialDMorephrases:loseweightqueueuplateronmakeupgiveaspeechwithlaughterfollowinthefootstepsofStorytelling:Tellastoryusingatleast5phrasesmentionedtoday.LaughterisgoodforyouWordpowerAjokeDad,cat!Run,run,run!Takeiteasy,baby!Miao~~~Miao~~~Ihavetoldyouthousandsoftimestolearnaforeignlanguageisveryimportant!Isee,dad.Ajokeusuallymakesyoulaugh,andthereareotherthingsthatwillmakeyoulaugh.LookatthepostersonPage1andfindoutwhatfunnythingsaretalkedaboutintheposters.AfunnyperformanceAfunnybookCrosstalkCircuslaughComediesfunnymoviesjokesCircusStand-upFunnybooksCrosstalkStand-upforyourhealth

Stand-upAtypeofcomedywhichinvolvesonepersonstandinginfrontoftheaudienceandtellingjokes.Stand-upforyourhealth!Typesofstand-upAFamousComedianLaughterisgoodforyourhealth!Typesofstand-upTelljokesaboutthewaypeoplebehaveoraboutdailylife.visualhumour--inspiredbyobjects

Funnyperformance

Actorspeaklikeawell-knownperson1234Choosethecorrecttypeofstand-upcomedy.

Acomedianputsonglasses,changeshisorhervoiceandpretendstobesomeoneelse.4?Practice

Acomedianwalksonstage.Assheintroducesherself,shefallsdown.3?

Acomediansays,‘MyGrandmotherstartedwalking1kmadaywhensheturned60.She’s89now,andwedon’tknowwheresheis!’1?

Acomedianstandsonstageandholdsabananatohisear.Hesays,‘Hello?Hello?I’msorryIcan’thearyou.Somethingmustbewrongwithmyphone.’2?BillyCrystalFile（档案）NameBillyCrystalBirthDayMarch14,1947photoBirthPlaceNewYork,USAProfessionGraduationUniversityNewYorkUniversityHisIdols（偶像）Experiences:Hegothisfirstfame(名声)intheprogramnamed“Soup”asahost.Heeverhosted8AcademyAwards.Whenhewasachild…Heisgoodat…Atthe2004AcademyAwards,…Comedian,editorBobHope,GeorgeBurnsBobHopeAfamousAmericancomedian,borninLondon.Heisgoodatcompromisingandfamousforspeakingatafastspeedandenjoyalonglifeofacting.GeorgeburnsAfamousAmericanstand-upcomedian.Heoftenactedwithhiswife.HeoncewasgiventheAcademyAwardsin1975.Discussion:

Whatspecialqualitiesshouldacomedianhave?

senseofhumorquickthinkingactingskillsabilitytoreadpeople……Laughteris

goodforyour

health

Whyislaughtergoodforyourhealth?WhichEnglishsayingprovestrue?Whenyoulaugh,yourbrainsendschemicalsthataregoodforyouintoyourbody.“Laughteristhebestmedicine.”Discussion:

Besides

laughter,whatelsecanwedotomakeourselveshappyandkeep

ourselveshealthy?Smiletoyourselfinthemirroreverydaymorning(Keepapositiveattitudetolife)Dowhatyouareinterestedin(music,sports,reading…)MakefriendsAccomplishwhatyouaredoing…Lead-inInthelasttwoperiodswehavetalkedaboutlaughterandthingswhichcanbringlaughter.Actuallylaughterisfullofourlife.WeevenhavelotofidiomsinEnglishaboutsmilingandlaughing.

Idiomsaboutsmiling&laughing

PartDtolaughone’sheadofftosmileonsomeone

1.tohavethelastlaugh:

tomakesomeonewhohascriticizedordefeatedyoulookstupidbysucceedinginsomethingmoreimportantorbyseeingthemfail.eg:Theyfiredherlastyear,butshehadthelastlaughbecauseshewastakenonbytheirmainrivalsattwicethesalary.Moreidioms2.allsmiles:

becominghappyagainespeciallyafterfeelingsad.eg:WhenMaryfoundoutabouttheholiday,shewasallsmiles.Findmoreidiomsaboutsmilingandlaughingafterclass.1.Whatarealltheactorsinaplaycalled?2.Whatdowecallthepersonwhoactsinaplay?3.Whatdowecallthepersonwhoisinchargeofaplay?4.Whatwillanactorreadinascript?5.Whatareactsandscenesinaplay?6.Whatkindofplayiscalledone-actplays?Canyouanswerthequestionsaboutacting?Whatarealltheactorsinaplaycalled?Whatdowecallthepersonwhoactsinaplay?Anactororanactress3.Whatdowecallthepersonwhoisinchargeofaplay?Thedirector

4.Whatwillanactorreadinascript?

LinesandstagedirectionThecast5.Whatareactsandscenesinaplay?

Actsarelikechaptersinabookandaremadeupofdifferentscenes.Scenesarelikeparagraphsinachapter.6.Whatkindofplayiscalledone-actplays?

Veryshortplaysinwhichalltheactionoccursatonetime,inoneplace.lightscurtainspropsmicrophonecostumestagescenerywingsPartBWordsaboutthingsonastagedirector(2)lines(3)Stage(4)acts(5)Scenes(6)wings(7)Lights(8)stagedirectionsKeystoPartC:Whatshouldweconsiderifwewanttoputonadrama?dramastagecastscriptotherslightsscenerysetcurtainsmicrophonewingsthemelinesstagedirectionacts/scenesactorsdirectoractressesbudgetpropscostumesDiscussionHomework1.Findmoreidiomsaboutsmilingandlaughing;2.Reviewalltheexpressionsrelatedtodramaandperforming.Unit1

Laughterisgoodforyou

GrammarandusageTheinfinitive,verb-ingandverb-edarecallednon-finiteverbs.Theycanfunctionasdifferentelementsinthesentence.Thetoinfinitiveandverb-ingformscanbeusedasthesubjectofasentence.Thetoinfinitiveandverb-ingformscanbeusedasthesubjectofasentence.Whenwetalkaboutageneralidea,wesometimesusetheverb-ingformasthesubject.Toseeistobelieve.Laughinghelpsyourbodystayhealthyandcanevenhelpyoufightpain.Whenthesubjectisatoinfinitive,wecanusethepreparatorysubjectitatthebeginningofthesentence.Itisimportanttorespectpeople.Afterit’snouse/good,weoftenusetheverb-ingformastherealsubject.It’snousecryingoverspillmilk.It’snogoodworryingaboutit.Wecanusefor+objectpronounbeforethetoinfinitiveasitslogicalsubject.It’snecessaryformetoknowhowtousethecomputer.2.Non-finiteverbscanbeusedastheattributive.Whenusedastheattributive,thetoinfinitiveoftenreferstoanactionthatwillhappeninthefuture,theverb-ingformoftenreferstoanactionthatcontinuing,andtheverb-edformoftenreferstoapastactionorexpressespassivemeaning.Ihavesomeletterstowrite.Themanperforming

onstageisafamouscomedian.Johntookmanyphotosofleavesfallen

totheground.In1975,GeorgeBurnsactedinafilmcalledTheSunshineBoys.Weusebeing+verb-edtoformthecontinuouspassive.Theundergroundsystembeingbuiltinthecitywillbeopennextyear.Whenthetoinfinitiveisusedastheattributive,thenounthatitmodifiesisoftenthelogicalobjectofthetoinfinitive.Sometimesthenouncanbeitslogicalsubject,orusedinapposition.WhenJackwasyoung,hehadnofriendstoplaywith.Tomisoftenthefirstonetoarriveatschool.YoucanexpecttohearalotmorefromBillyCrystal–hehasnoplanstostopmakingfilms.3.Non-finiteverbscanbeusedastheobjectcomplementinthesentence.Inthiscase,thetoinfinitiveoftenreferstoanactionthatistakingplace,andtheverb-edformhaspassivemeaning.Weinviteyoutowatchourperformancetomorrowevening.Theycouldonlyseehimstandingtheremovinghislips.Aftergettingoffthestage,theactorfeltagreatweightliftedfromhim.AnswerstoexerciseAonpage91laughing2tounderstand3participating4produced5enjoying6readingAnswerstoexerciseBonpage91todo2performing3towrite4practicing5(being)told6thinking/tothinkHomework

1.FinishPartsC1andC2onpage98inworkbook.2.PreviewTask.LaughterisgoodforyouTaskQuestionsaboutcrosstalkWhatiscrosstalk?Whendiditstart?Whatdifferentpartsdoesacrosstalkperformancecontain?Wherecanyouseeorhearit?Couldyounamesomefamousperformers(bothlivinganddead)andgivesomedetailedinformationaboutthem?Couldyougivesomeinformationaboutfamousforeignperformers?Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttolearnit?Whatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthewesternstand-upandChinesecrosstalk?Whatiscrosstalk?CrosstalkisatraditionalformofChinesecomedy.Whatdifferentpartsdoesacrosstalkperformancecontain?Acrosstalkperformanceinvolvestalking,imitating,singingandtellingjokes.Wherecanyouseeorhearit?OntheradioandonTV.Whendiditstart?QingDynasty

150yearsZhuShaowenThefirstcrosstalkperformerBeijing

CrosstalkbeganinBeijingduringtheQingDynasty,over150yearsago.ThefirstcrosstalkperformeriscalledZhuShaowenandhestartedsuchacomedyforminBeijing.Whatshouldyoudoifyouwanttolearnit?YoumustspeaktheChineselanguageandunderstandChineseCulturetolearncrosstalk.…

Couldyounamesomefamousperformances(bothlivinganddead)andgivesomedetailedinformationaboutthem?DingGuangquan,MaSanli,FengGong,JiangKun…

Couldyougivesomeinformationaboutfamousforeignperformers?MarkRosewell(Dashan)fromCanadaDavidMoser(MoDawei)fromtheUSAKoiacKorio(KaErluo)fromYugoslavia

Isthereanythingelsethatyoushoulddoifyouwanttolearncrosstalk?Haveaninterestinit;Listentoandcopytraditionalpiecesofcrosstalk;Createcrosstalkdialoguesinpairs;interestPractice/hardworkCreativity

DiscussionWhatarethesimilaritiesanddifferencesbetweenthewesternstand-upandChinesecrosstalk?SimilaritiesDifferencesStand-upCrosstalkOnecomedian1,2,3ormorecomediansImprovisemoreMorefixedThecomediansarerightinfrontoftheaudience,andcommunicatewiththeaudience;Thecomedianswillusedifferentskillstomakesjokes;Thecomedianstrytorevealsomethingaboutlife.RespectourcultureTreasureourcultureSpreadourcultureDevelopourcultureHomeworkcheckingInformationaboutyourfavoritecrosstalkperformer.Readoutyouranswerstothe8questionstotheclass.Howcanweputallthesentencesintoawholepassage?SentencepatternsLinkwordsUsefulexpressionsYouwantedtoknow…Sinceyouaskedabout…Iknowyouneed/want/wouldlikeinformationabout…Youaskedmeabout…Regardingyourquestionabout…Inanswerto/Inreplyto/Inresponsetoyourquestionabout…Mentionthequestionwhenyouanswerit.ExamplesInreferencetoyourquestionaboutfamousperformers,I’dliketosaysomethingaboutDingGuangquan.Heis…Youwantedtoknowwhatdifferentpartsacrosstalkperformancecontains,andIwouldsayitinvolvestalking,imitating,singingandtellingjokes.WritingWriteoneortwosentencestomakesureyoucanusethesentencepatterncorrectly.Writeane-mailtoaforeignfriend,andyoushouldincludeinyoure-mail:Theanswerstoquestions1,2,3and5;Addtheinformationyougetafterclassaboutyourfavoritecrosstalkperformer;Chooseanother2questionstoanswer.TaskShowtimeHomeworkCompleteandimproveyoure-mail.LaughterisgoodforyouProjectlaugherstand-upperformingandactingcrosstalkInthisunit,wehavetalkedabout…Nowyouwillhaveachancetoexperiencedramasforyourselves.TheinvisiblebenchIsthereabenchinthecourtyard?Whatdoestheword“invisible”mean?Isthisacomedy?Whyorwhynot?Yes.Becauseactorsusebodylanguagetoperform,whichmakestheaudiencelaughwithasurprisingandamusingending.Inwhichstyleofstand-upisthisplay?—PhysicalTheyusetheirbodiestomakejokes.Ifwewanttoputonthisshortplay,whatshouldweprepare?ScriptDirectorActorsandactressesStage(lights,microphones)castTheimportantpaperHowmanycharactersarethereintheplay?Whodoyouthinkisthemaincharacter/herointheplay?

WhatdoestheKingactuallywant?

Theking,thequeen,theservantThekingToiletpaperWhyaretheothersunabletounderstandhim?Becauseheistheking,andimportantpapermaybemeansveryimportantofficialdocumentsforhim.

Inwhatstyleofstand-upcomedyisthisplay?Howdoestheplaywrightmaketheplayfunny?Prop—toiletpaperandsomeotherpapersphysical–“pumpintopeopleorthings”Theplaywrightusesaplayuponwordsimportantpaperandtoiletpapertomakepeoplelaugh.Ifwewanttoputonthisshortplay,whatshouldweprepare?ScriptDirectorActorsandactressesToiletpaper&otherpaperThroneCostumesStage(lights,microphones,scenery)castpropNowit’syourturn!Planning&preparingWhichplaydoyouwanttoputon?Whowillplayeachcharacter?Whowillbethedirector?Whatkindofscenerywillneed?Whowillmakeit?Willyouneedprops?Whowillfindthem?Willyouneedcostumes?Whowillmakethem?Whereandhowoftenwillyoupractice?ReportyourplanHomeworkGetyourplaypreparedandpracticetheperformance.Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou?WelcometotheunitWhichofthefollowingthingsmakesyouhappy?Why?

Appreciatethefollowingpicturesandtellmewhatishappinesstoyou?Ifyouhadfriendwhowasunhappy,howwouldyoutrytohelphimorher?ThankyouWhatishappinesstoyouReading课件描述：Toencouragethestudentstosharetheirexperiencesofhappiness.Toreadaninterviewonhappiness.Tograspthereadingstrategyonhowtoreadaninterviewandapplytheskillstopractice.IfyouarehappyIfyou’rehappyandyouknowitClapyourhands

IfyouarehappyandyouknowitClapyourhands

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowit

Neverbeafraidtoshowit

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitClapyourhands

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitStompyourfeet

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitStompyourfeet

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowit

Neverbeafraidtoshowit

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitStompyourfeet

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitWinkyoureye

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitWinkyoureye

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowit

Neverbeafraidtoshowit

Ifyou’rehappyandyouknowitWinkyoureyeBrainstorming:Whatdoeshappinessmeantothem?BeingcreativeDoingexcitingthings

PlayingsportReadingspendingtimewithfamilylearningnewthingsForSangLan,happinessmeans…beingusefultothesocietymakingothershappyregainingherhealth……READINGSTRATEGY:readinganinterviewPeople(atleast2):_________&_________Stepsinreadinganinterview:

1)Readthetopicinterviewerintroducesinpara.12)Whoisinterviewed3)Readeachquestioncarefully4)Readinterviewee’sresponse,erviewer

intervieweeScanthetexttofind:Interviewer:HostInterviewee:

Dr.Brain,apsychologistTopicoftheinterview:

HowtosearchforhappinessQuestions:

whoisSangLan?Howhassheadaptedtohernewlife?Skimming1.BackgroundinformationofSangLan:Age:____Ageofbeingdisabled:___Birthplace:______________________Bestevent:______________________Causeofdisability________________________________2717Ningbo,ChinaMadeamistakewhilepractising,fellandbrokeherneckvaultReactionsafterbeinghurt:

Presentlivingconditions:

Ingoodspirits,stayingoptimistic,beingabletoovercomedisappointment,feelinghappytobealiveandluckytolearnnewthings.Hopeful;keepingbusy…hopes

to…Whatkindofpersonisshe?CharactersReasonsDedicated/hard-workingenergeticoptimistic/happy/cheerfulindependentbravePost-readingPost-readingWhatdoestheexampleofSangLanshowus?Itshowshowpeoplecanfindhappinessevenindifficulttimes.2.Howcanwesearchforhappinessevenindifficulttimes?Thinkaboutgood/positivethings…/Focusongoals/Stayoptimistic.Gettingupfromwhereyoufallisthemostordinarythingforagymnast.Andit’smy

motto.I’llarrangemytime

scientifically

andworkhardonmystudies

soasto

beawinnerinlife.DiscussionSupposeoneday,youbecamedisabled,howwouldyougoonliving?beliefwilldeterminationconfidentoptimisticpatientEnjoyapoem!

happinessisfindingapencil.pizzawithsausagetellingthetime.happinessislearningtowhistle.tyingyourshoefortheveryfirsttime.

happinessisplayingthedruminyourownschoolband.andhappinessiswalkinghandinhand.happinessistwokindsoficecream.knowingasecret.climbingatree.WriteyourownpoemonHAPPINESS!Homework:ThankYouwordpoweremotionsUnit2BrainstormingWhatwordsoccurtoyouwhenwetalkaboutemotions?happyhappinesssadnesssadangerangryshynessshyshockshockeddepressiondepressedfearfearfulregret

regretfulBrainstormingWhatwordsdoyouknowcanexpresshappiness?Apartfromhappiness,whatothertypesofemotionsdoyouknow?PairworkCollectwordstoexpresshappiness,anger,sadness,fearinpairs.Wordsdescribinghappiness:Adjectiveforms:Nounforms:joyful,happy,delighted,merry,pleased,content,satisfied,excitedExtensionjoy,happiness,delight,merriness,pleasurecontentment,satisfaction,excitementWordsdescribinganger:Nounforms:Adjectiveforms:anger,furyangry,furiousWordsdescribingsadness:Adjectiveforms:Nounforms:

sad,depressed,gloomy,sorrowful,frustratedsadness,depression,gloom,sorrow,frustrationWordsdescribingfear:Adjectiveforms:Nounforms:fearful,scared,frightened

fear,scare,frightLet’spractice!A.B.NounsAdjectivesconcernjoydelightregretshockconcernedjoyfuldelightedregretfulshockedfearfearfulscarescaredAdjectivesNounsanxietysorrowsadnessworrypleasuredepressionfrightanxioussorrowfulsadworriedpleaseddepressedfrightenedAdjectivesNounsjealousycontentmentfrustrationfurymerrinessgloomcontentfrustratedfurious(狂怒的)jealousmerrygloomy(沮丧的,忧郁的)Let'slearn!2.Heisextremelyirritable(易怒的)—hefliesoffthehandleattheslightestthing.togetangrysuddenlyIdiomsforemotions1.Thewholeteamwereoverthemoonatwinningthematch.tobeextremelyhappy3.She’sabitdowninthedumpsbecauseshe’sgottotakeherexamsagain.tobeunhappyordepressed4.A:WasHelenpleasedaboutgettingthejob?B:Pleased?Morethanthat.Shewasoncloudnine.tobeextremelyhappyorexcited6.Feelingblue?Don’tyouknowwhototalkto?PhoneDepressionHotline,24hoursaday.tofeelslightlysad5.Findinghissoncheatinghim,hewashotunderthecollar.tobeveryangry7.Don’targuewithsomeonewhois

hot

blooded.8.Ourclasshaswonthefirstplaceinthecompetition,soallofusfeel

overthemoon(oncloudnine

).(angry)(extremelyhappy)9.Hegotvery

hotunderthecollar

whenIaskedhimwherehehadbeenallday.10.Hehasbeen

downinthedumps

lately.HowIhopehewillbesooncheerfulagain!

(angry)（depressed)sad

eco-activity

emotionshappyangryemotionshotunderthecollarflyoffthehandleoverthemoononcloudninedowninthedumpsfeelblue

A:coloursrelatedtoemotions1.ShehasfeltbluesinceherboyfriendleftforEurope.2.Theotherboysweregreenwithenvy

whenJoeboughtanewcar.3.Heisinablack

moodbecausehehaslosthisjobrecently.4.Italwayscausesmetoseeredwheneverhetellsalie.(sad)(veryjealous)(depressed)(beangry)Onestudentactouttheemotionalwordgivenonapieceofpaper,lettheothersguesswhatitis.Let'sguess!Previewthegrammar.Thankyou!Unit2Whatishappinesstoyou?GrammarandUsage1．不定式作状语①不定式作状语常用来表目的、结果或原因等。例如：Weeattolive,butwedon'tlivetoeat.(目的)

Whathashesaidtomakeyousohappy?(结果)

Sheburstintotearstohearthebadnews.(原因)

一作状语注：表目的的不定式还常与soas或inorder连用，构成soas(not)todo和inorder(not)todo结构，其中soas(not)todo不能用于句首。例如：Togetthereintime,wegotupveryearly.=Inordertogetthereintime,wegotupveryearly.=Wegotupveryearly(inorder/soas)togetthereintime.

②不定式可用于作表语或补语的形容词之后作状语。例如：Becarefulnottocatchcold.

Themaniseasytogetalongwith.③不定式常与too或enough连用，在句中作状语。例如：Theboyistooyoungtogotoschool/tobesenttoschool.

=Theboyisnotoldenoughtogotoschool/tobesenttoschool.

④不定式有时用于so...astodosth.结构中作状语。例如：Willyoubesokindastohelpmewiththework?⑤有时，不定式还可修饰一个句子，表明说话人的态度。常见的这类不定式有totellyouthetruth,tobehonest,tobefranc,tobefair,等。例如：Totellyouthetruth,Idon'tlikethefilm.

2．-ing分词和-ed分词作状语

①-ing分词和-ed分词作状语修饰谓语，多说明动作发生的背景、方式或伴随情况。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系，用-ing分词，有动宾关系则用-ed分词。例如：Weenjoyedourselvesinthepark,singinganddancing.

Builtin1900,thehouseisnow100yearsold.

②-ing分词和-ed分词都可作原因或时间状语,其作用相当于一个相应的状语从句。如果在逻辑上句中的主语与分词有主谓关系用-ing分词，有动宾关系则用-ed分词。例如:

Beingsopoorinthosedays,theycouldn'tsendtheboytoschool.(原因)

Borninapoorfamily,theboycouldnotgotoschool.(原因)

Hearingthebadnews,sheburstintotears.(时间)

Seenfromthehill,theparklooksmorebeautiful.(时间)

③-ing分词有时可作结果状语。例如：Herhusbanddiedinthewar,leavingherawidowwiththreechildren.

Wegotupveryearly,arrivingatthehospitalaheadoftime.

④-ed分词有时用作条件状语，其作用相当于一个条件状语从句。例如：Givenmoretime,wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter.

⑤如果不定式或分词表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生，该不定式或分词用完成式。例如：I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.

Havingnever/Nothavingmetthemanbefore,Icouldn'trecognizehimatfirst.

Havingfinishedmyhomework,Iwenttoplayfootball.

⑥分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑主语，这种结构称为“独立主格”结构。例如：Hergrandfatherbeingill,shehadtostayathomelookingafterhim.(原因)Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.（时间）Thepresidentassassinated,thewholecountrywasindeepsorrow.（原因）Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.（条件）⑦有些分词在句子中没有主语，这种分词在语法上被称为垂悬分词，属于分词的一种特殊用法。oconsideration考虑到judgingby/from从…判断speakingof说到generallyspeaking一般说来totellthetruth说实话allowingfor考虑到regarding关于concerning关于granting/ed(that)如果；即使providing/ed(that)如果given(that)考虑到considering考虑到presuming假定admitting(that)承认典型例题1.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,_______itthemostpopularsportintheworld.

(NMET1998)

A.makingB.makesC.madeD.tomake

解析：

此题考查-ing分词作结果状语的用法。

2._______inthought,healmostranintothecarinfrontofhim.

（NMET1996）

A.LosingB.HavinglostC.LostD.Tolose

解析：此题考查-ed分词短语作原因状语的用法