山东省淄博市张店区2022年中考二模英语试题（含答案与解析）

2021〜2022学年度第二学期毕业学科阶段性学业水平检测

初四英语本试卷共H页，满分120分，考试时间120分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。注意事项：.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将区县、学校、姓名、考试号、座号填写在答题卡和试卷规定位置。.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔涂黑答题卡对应题目的答案标号；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。.非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，字体工整、笔迹清晰，写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来答案，然后再写上新答案。严禁使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带修改。.保证答题卡清洁、完整，严禁折叠，严禁在答题卡上做任何标记。.评分以答题卡上的答案为依据。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。一、完形填空（共10小题，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。Hawking's80thbirthday:Hetellsusquietlythattheessence（本质）oflifeislove.OnhisschoolingAtschool,Iwasnevermorethanhalfwayuptheclass.Itwasacleverclass.Myclassworkwasvery1 .andmyhandwritingwasterrible.Butmyclassmatesgavemeanothername-littleEinstein,so2theysawsomethingbetterofme.WhenIwastwelve,oneofmyfriendsbet（打赌）anotherfriendabagofsweetsthatIcouldneversucceed.Idon'tknowtheresult.Ondisabilities3youaredisabled,itisprobablynotyourfault,butitisnogoodblaming（责备）theworldorexpectingittotakepityonyou.Onehastothinkactivelyand4makethebestofhisorhersituation.OnimperfectionNexttimesomeoneblamesthatyouhavemadeamistake,tellhimthatmay5agoodthing.Becausewithoutimperfection,6younorIwouldexisl（存在）.Onthe7hegavehischildrenOne,rememberto8atthestarsandnotdownatyourfeet.Two,nevergiveupwork.Workgivesyoumeaningandpurpose,andlifeisemptywithoutit.OntimetravelIwouldgobackto1967,andthebirthofmyfirstchild,Robert.Mythreechildrenhavebroughtmegreatjoy.Onfale（命运）andfreewillIhavenoticedthatevenpeople9thinkeverythingispredetermined（注定的）andthatwecandonothingtochangeit,lookbeforetheycrosstheroad.On1（） 10（智商）Ihavenoidea.Peoplewhoboasl（吹嘘）abouttheirIQarelosers.1.A.untidyB.cleanC.goodD.right2.A.hardlyB.badlyC.seriouslyD.clearly3.A.SoB.IfC.ButD.Unless4.A.mustB.mustn'tC.can'tD.might5.A.loseB.missC.beD.meet6.A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.only7.A.moneyB.helpC.adviceD.trouble8.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookafterD.lookthrough9.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which10.A.herB.hisC.myD.their二、阅读理解（共21小题，满分42分）阅读短文A,B,C,从各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。阅读短文D,根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。阅读E部分的五段名著读后感，按照要求与后面的五本书名A-E进行匹配。AHere,wewilllookatfourimportantthingsthattheChineseinventedfirst,besidestheFourGreatInventions.NoodlesWhileItalianshavelongsaidthattheyweretheoneswhoinventedthenoodle,thefactthatarchaeologists（考古学家）havefoundnoodlesinChina,In2005,abowlofyellownoodleswasfoundinLajia,innorthwesternChina.Itissaidthisbowlofnoodleswasburied（埋）about4,000yearsago,whilethekindofgrain（谷物）usedinthistypeofnoodlehadbeengrowninChinaforabout7,000years.Crossbow（弩）ThecrossbowwasinventedduringtheWarringStatesperiod,whichbeganaround2,600yearsago.Crossbowswerevaluedbecausetheywereeasytouse.TheChineseeventookitastepfurtheraroundA.D.200,whenagreatmancalledZhugeLiangcreateda“Repeating“crossbow.Banknotes（钞票）Notlongaftercomingupwithausefulprintingpress,theChineseinventedbanknotes.Banknotesbeganto叩pearinChinainthe700s,asinflationanddevaluation（通货膨胀和贬值）madeChinesegoldcoinsannoyingtousewhentrading.Sotheyturnedthosecoinsintobanknotes.Alcohol（酒精）OfcoursealcoholwasfirstinventedinChina,nearlyninethousandyearsago,asfaraswecantell.Inthelate1990s,archaeologistsdiscoveredpiecesofbrokenclaybottleinNorthernChinawhichhadsomestrangeremainsonthem.Afterfurtherexamination,theremainswereregardedashistory'sfirstwine.Whichoneofthefourinventionswasmadetoexchange?A.Noodles. B.Crossbow. C.Banknotes. D.Alcohol.Thecrossbowwasvaluedbecauseof.A.itseasyuse B.itsgreatinventor C.itslowprice D.itsgreatpowerWhichonewouldbeTRUEifyoulivedinChina8,000yearsago?Youcouldenjoyabowlofnoodles.Youcoulduseacrossbowtofighttheenemy.Youcouldpayforsomethingwithbanknotes.Youcouldhaveadrinkwithyourfriends.BTheLEGO（乐高）GrouphasbeenworkingonawaytomakeLEGObricks（砖）outofrecycledplastic.Thebricksaren'treadyyet,butthecompanysaysit'smakingprogress.ManypeopleknowLEGObricksallowuserstobuildthingsthatdon'tfallaparteasily.Thisabilityiscalled“clutchpower”.TheLEGObricksaremadefromakindofplasticcalledABS.ABSplasticmakesLEGObricksverytough（坚固的）,andgivesthemgreatclutchpower.Sadly,ABSplasticcan'tberecycled.That'sabigproblem.Thereisalargeplasticwasteproblemintheworld.YetLEGOmakesabout110billionbrickseveryyear.Butsince2015LEGOhasmadeanefforttomaketheirproductsmoreearth-friendly.Threeyearsago,thecompanybeganmakingsomeLEGOparts,liketrees,outofaplasticmadefromsugarcane（甘蔗）.Recently,LEGOstartedusingpaperbagsinsteadofplastictoreducewaste.Butmakingbricksoutofrecycledplasticisabigchallenge.ThegoalistomakebricksoutofPETplastic,whichissofterthanABSplasticandcanbefoundinthingslikebottlesandclothing.Overthelastthreeyears,thecompanyhastestedhundredsofways.Now,they'vefoundawaytomakeagoodbrickfromPET.TheLEGOGroup'sgoalistoaddcolorstothebrickswhicharejustwhitenow.Thecompanyalsoaimstomakealloftheirmainproductsoutofrecycledmaterialsbytheyear2030.“Weknowkidscareabouttheenvironment,saidTimBrooks,aleaderatLEGO,“sowewanttoletkidsknowwe'reworkingonit.”What's"clutchpower“accordingtothepassage?A.TheabilitytomakeLEGObrickssoft. B.TheabilitytocleanLEGObricks.

CTheabilitytochangetheshapeofLEGObricks.D.CTheabilitytochangetheshapeofLEGObricks.D.TheabilitytoholdLEGObrickstogether.PETplasticisthanABSplastic.A.cheaper B.tougher C.greener D.biggerWhyhastheLEGOGroupbeentryingtomakebricksoutofrecycledplastic?A.Tosavemoney. B.lbreducepollution. C.Tobemorecreative. D.Tomakemoremoney.What'sLEGO'Snextstep?Theywilldrawkids'attentiononprotectingtheenvironment.TheywillspendlessandlessmoneymakingPETplastic.Theywillmakealloftheirproductsoutofrecycledmaterials.TheywillmakeLEGObricksoutofPETplasticinallcolors.cPeoplegotoamazingplacesallovertheworldforholidays.Butpeopledon'tusuallygotospaceforaholiday.Itwouldbemuchtooexpensive.GuyLaliberte,however,wantedtohaveaholidayinspace.Heworkedinacircus（马戏团）inCanadaandhemadealotofmoney.Hecouldpaymillionsofdollarstomakehisdceamcometrue.BeforeGuycouldgotospace,hehadtogethisbodyready.Whenapersongoesintospace,thegravity（重力）changes.Guyhadtobetrainedforthechangeingravity.Monthslater,hewasfinallyready,thenwenttothelaunchpad（发射台）andclimbedintothehatch（舱）withtwootherastronauts.Hisfamilyandfriendswereworriedabouthimandtheywatchedthescreenscarefully.Whentherocketarrivedsafely,everyonecheered.Guystayedonaspacestation.Heknewthatspaceisadangerousplaceandhehadtolearndifferentwaystoeat,drinkandgotothebathroom.Healsohadtolearnwhattodoinanemergency（急救）.OnethingGuylovedwaslookingatEarthfromspace.Itlookedsobeautiful.Guywantedtosendamessagefromspace.HewantedpeopletothinkabouthowimportantcleanwaterisforeveryoneonEarth.HewantedpeopletoremembertotakecareofEarth.Guyputonaspecialshowfbrtheworkersatthespacestation.Hewantedtothankthemfbralltheydid.Guy'sspaceholidaylastedninedays.Oneday,morepeoplemaybegoingforaspaceholiday.Scientistsareworkingonideas.Therecouldbeaspaceshipfbrshorttrips.ThenpeoplecouldseeEarth,theMoonandstarsfromspace.Ortherecouldbeanamazinghotelthatorbits（沿轨道）Earth.WhatwasGuy'sdream?A.Workinginacircus. B.Makingalotofmoney.HowlongdidGuy'straininglast?A.For9days. B.Formonths.Whatdidn'tGuylearntodoinspace?A.Howtoeatanddrink.B.Howtotakeashower.WhydidGuywanttosendamessagefromspace?A.TotellpeoplewemustprotectEarth.C.Totellpeopleitwasexcitinginspace.What'sthebesttitle?A.Guy,agoodman B.Guy'sspaceholidayC.VisitingCanada. D.Goingtospace.C.Foroneyear. D.Foryears.C.Howtodriveaspaceship.D.Howtosavehimself.Totellhisfamilythathewassafe.D.Tothankpeoplewhohelpedhim.Let'sprotectEarth. D.Anastronaut'slifeDSomeplacesintheworldaredry,andithardlyrainsatall.Inotherplaces,itcanrainformonthswithoutstopping.Toolittlerain,ortoomuchraincancauseproblemsforlivingthings.Theenvironmentinadryplacelooksdifferentfromonethatgetslotsofrain.OneofthedriestplacesonEarthistheAtacamaDesert.23IntheAtacamaDesertthereareveryfewclouds.ThismakesAtacamaagoodplacetolookatthestars.Somepeoplethinkthatpartsofthisdesertdon'tlooklikeEarthatall.24TheythinkthatthelandisalotlikethelandonMars.Inthepartsofdesertthatareverydry,thereisnolifeatall.OneofthewettestplacesonEarthisintheEastKhasiHillsinIndia.Hereitrainsformanymonthsoftheyear.Peoplegoforalongtimewithoutseeingthesun.Then,afteralltherain,thereisadrought（干旱）.25Theraincancomedowninsuchthicksheets（床单）,youcan'tevenseethedrops.AllthisrainfallingforsolongcausesproblemsfbrthepeoplewholiveintheEastKhasiHills.Ifshardtogrowanything.Besides,therainbringsinsectsanddiseases.However,therainhascreatedbeautifulwaterfalls（瀑布）. 26Theclimateisveryimportanttoeverylivingthing.Livingthingshavetolearnhowtosurvive（生存）intheclimatetheylivein.Peoplecomefromallovertheworldtoseethem.Someplacesinthisdeserthaven'thadanyrainfbrhundredsofyears.Duringtherainyseasonitisveryhardforpeopletogooutside.Peoplehopetotravelallovertheworld.Scientistshavesetupaspacestationhere.E请将五段名著读后感下列小题与其书名A-E匹配。Recently,Ireadabookaboutinsects.TheauthorofthisbookisFabre,afamousentomologistinFrance.Thisbookisabouttherichandcolorfulinsectworld.Thebooktellsthestoryofthecolorfulinsectlife,whichbringsustothewonderfulinsectworld.OneofthemostfamousworksofCharlotteBronte's,isaninspiringstoryaboutapoorgirlwhoisthirstyforfreedom,independenceandtruelove.Thegirlwithstrongwill,reallytouchesmyheart.Thisbookisreallyinteresting.IwasdeeplymovedbytheCaptainNemo.Heandhisseamanusetheirownwisdomtoovercomethedifficultyandsavetheirlives.Afterreadingthebook,myunderstandingoftheoceanhasalsoimprovedalot.）IlovereadingthefourgreatnovelsofChinaalthoughI'maforeigner.Amongthefourbooks,Ilikeonebest.ItwaswrittenbyLuoGuanzhong.Ittaughtmethestoryaboutthethreecountries,Wei,ShuandWu.LiuBei,CaoCaoandSunQuanhavebecomegreatnamesamongChinesepeople.Ilearnalotfromthem.EverytimeIreadthebook,Icompletelyfeelthefather^deeplove.Itshowsthefamily'straditionandvalue:Educationisnotonlyfamilymatter,butalsosomethingwithgreatsocialvalue.Thepurposeofeducationofapersonistomakethatpersonusefultosociety.Thebookhelpsmanyyoungstudentsunderstandhowtheyshouldlivetheirlives.FuLeisFamilyLetterSouvenirsEntomologiquesJaneEyreTvventythousandLeaguesUndertheSeaRomanceoftheThreeKingdoms三、选词填空（共10小题，满分15分）根据短文内容，选择适当的单词填空，使短文意思完整。每个选项只用一次，有两项剩余。whichtripsawaytakenwhythemmuchlikelastlittleagowereGianttortoises（乌龟）arethebiggesttortoisesintheworld.Alongtime32 ,manygianttortoiseslivedonPintaIsland.LonesomeGeorgewasagianttortoise.Hewasthe33tortoiseofhiskindintheworld.Longbefore,GiantTortoiseswerenotalwaysrare（稀有的）.Whendinosaurs（恐龙）lived,there34millionsofgianttortoises.ManyofthemlivedonPintaIsland.Manyyearsago,pirates（海盗）cametoPintaIsland.Gianttortoisesweregoodtoeat.Theytookmany35ontheirships.Tortoisescanlivealongtimewith36foodorwater.Sotheyweregoodfoodforpiratesonlong37 .Soon,therewasonlyoneleft.ThiswasLonesomeGeorge.ItwasveryexcitingtofindLonesomeGeorge.Hewastheonlyoneofhiskindintheworld.Scientiststhoughthecouldhavebeenseventyoreightyyearsold.Thisisnotreallyoldforagianttortoise.Somecanlivetobetwohundredyearsold.LonesomeGeorgecouldn'tbeleftonPintaIsland.Hewas38toaplacewherescientistscouldtakecareofhim.Therewasalotofspaceforhiminhisnewhome.ManypeoplecametoseeLonesomeGeorge.Hereallylookedlikeananimal39livedwiththedinosaurs.Therearemanyothergianttortoises.However,noneof40arethesamekindasLonesomeGeorgewas.WhenLonesomeGeorgedied,hiskindbecameextinct（灭绝的）.Theyaregoneforever,41thedinosaurs.四、语法填空（共10小题，满分20分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。CharlesDickensisoneofthemostfamousEnglishnovelistsofalltime.HewasbominPortsmouth,Englandin1812.Hewasthe42（two）oftheeightchildren.HisfamilywasterriblypoorandtheylivedinLondon.Charleswas43unhappylittleboybecausehisfatherspentmanyyearsinprison（监狱）.InEnglandatthattime,peoplewhocouldnotpaytheirdebts（债务）weresenttoprison.Besides,thefamilywas44poorthatCharleshadnochancetogotoschool.Afterhisfatherwasfree,Dickensbegantoworkinafactoryattheageof12.Thiswasaterribleexperiencethatheneverforget.45hewas16yearsold,hestartedworkingforanewspaper.Healso46（write）someshortstoriesfbrmagazines.In1836,hepublishedhisfirstbook,SektchesbyBoz.Healsostartedpublishing（出版）thenovelThePickwickPapersthatbecamereally47（success）.LaterDickens'sbookswerebasedonpeoplewhohehadknownandplaceswhichhehadlivedin.Forexample,inOliveTvvist（1838）hedescribedchildrenwho48（be）poorandhewroteaboutchildrenwhoseparentshaddied.InDavidCopperfield（1850）hewroteabouttheprisonvisitsthathepaidto49（he）father.Dickenscontinuedwritingandbecamealibrarystar.Hewrote15novelsand5（）（hundred）ofshortstories.Dickenscontinuedwritinguntilhis51（die）.In1865,hehadatrainaccidentfromwhichheneverfullyrecovered（康复）.HediedonJune9,1870atGad'sHillPlace,hiscountryhomeinEngland.Hisfinalnovel,TheMysteryofEdwinDrood,wasleftunfinished.五、阅读表达（共5小题，满分10分）阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。Losingabout100strands（缕）ofhairadayisanaturalphenomenon（现象）.However,ifthatnumbercontinuestoincreaseanditappearsthehairisnotgrowingback,youmaybestartingtogobald（秃的）.Morethan250millionpeopleinChinasuffer（遭受）hairloss,manyofwhomareundertheageof30.Accordingtoareport,65percentofthepeopleagedbetween20and30usehairtonic（生发水）.80percentofthoseaged30andabovehavesufferedhairloss.Stayinguplate,long-termunhealthyworkpatterns（模式）,andthepressureofworkoftenmakeyoungpeoplesufferhairloss.Inordertopreventhairloss,Mr.Wang,whograduatedfromatopuniversityinBeijing,saidhehadtriedlotsofwaystogrowhishair,butfoundthathishairline（发际线）isgettinghigherandhigher,andthehairisbecomingmuchthinner."Oncethehairbecomesthinnerandhairlinebecomeshigher,anyonewhoseesmefbrthefirsttimethinksI'molderthanIreallyam.Forusyoungpeople,thisisawful/'hesaid.Soitiscommonforpeoplewhoareunder30andsufferinghairlosstobeginwearingwigs（假发）.TheownerofawigshopinBeijingsaysthenumberofyoungpeoplevisitingtheshophasrisenfrom10percentacoupleyearsagoto30percentnow."Inthebeginningmostofthecustomersweremiddle-agedandelderly,theownersaid."Inrecentyears,therehavebeenmoreyoungpeople,especiallymen,withhairloss.”Ifapersonlosesmorethan100strandsofhaireveryday,whatwillhappen?Whydomanyyoungpeoplesufferhairloss?Whatcan'tyoungpeoplestandaccordingtoMr.Wang'swords?Inwhichcolumn（栏目）ofamagazinecanyoureadthepassage,HealthorSports?What'sthewriter'smainpurpose?六、书面表达（共1小题，满分18分）57.近来，全国掀起一阵健身热潮。众所周知，运动让我们更健康。同时，运动最关键的作用是强健或者改善大脑。下周学校即将举行以运动为主题的英语演讲活动，假如你是李华，请你以“Movesports”为题写一篇英语演讲稿。提示：1.What'syourfavoritesport?Whydoyoulikeit?Whyshouldwekeepondoingsports?要求：1,不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称、老师和同学的真实姓名。2.语句连贯，字数100词左右参考答案一、完形填空（共10小题，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从各题A、B、C、D中选出能填入文章中相应空白处的最佳答案。Hawking's80thbirthday:Hetellsusquietlythattheessence（本质）oflifeislove.OnhisschoolingAtschool,Iwasnevermorethanhalfwayuptheclass.Itwasacleverclass.Myclassworkwasvery1 .andmyhandwritingwasterrible.Butmyclassmatesgavemeanothername-littleEinstein,so2theysawsomethingbetterofme.WhenIwastwelve,oneofmyfriendsbet（打赌）anotherfriendabagofsweetsthatIcouldneversucceed.1don'tknowtheresult.Ondisabilities3youaredisabled,itisprobablynotyourfault,butitisnogoodblaming（责备）theworldorexpectingittotakepityonyou.Onehastothinkactivelyand4makethebestofhisorhersituation.OnimperfectionNexttimesomeoneblamesthatyouhavemadeamistake,tellhimthatmay5agoodthing.Becausewithoutimperfection,6younorIwouldexist（存在）.Onthe7hegavehischildrenOne,rememberto8atthestarsandnotdownatyourfeet.Two,nevergiveupwork.Workgivesyoumeaningandpurpose,andlifeisemptywithoutit.OntimetravelIwouldgobackto1967,andthebirthofmyfirstchild,Robert.Mythreechildrenhavebroughtmegreatjoy.Onfate（命运）andfreewillIhavenoticedthatevenpeople9thinkeverythingispredetermined（注定的）andthatwecandonothingtochangeit,lookbeforetheycrosstheroad.On10 IQ（智商）Ihavenoidea.Peoplewhoboast（吹嘘）abouttheirIQarelosers.1.A.untidyB.cleanC.goodD.right2.A.hardlyB.badlyC.seriouslyD.clearly3.A.SoB.IfC.ButD.Unless4.A.mustB.mustn'tC.can'tD.might5.A.loseB.missC.beD.meet6.A.eitherB.neitherC.bothD.only7.A.moneyB.helpC.adviceD.trouble8.A.lookupB.lookforC.lookafterD.lookthrough9.A.whenB.whatC.whoD.which10.A.herB.hisC.myD.their【答案】l.A 2.D3.B4.A5.C6.B7.C8.A9.C 10.B【解析】【导语】本文主要介绍了霍金的相关内容。【1题详解】句意：我的作业很不整洁，我的书法很糟糕。untidy不整洁的；clean干净的；good好的；right正确的。根据“andmyhandwritingwasterrible”可知，作业不整洁；故选A。【2题详解】句意：但我的同学们给我取了另一个名字——小爱因斯坦，所以很明显，他们看到了我更好的一面。hardly几乎不；badly严重地；seriously严肃地；clearly清晰地。根据“theysawsomethingbetterofme”可知，清晰地看到我的优点；故选D。【3题详解】句意：如果你有残疾，这可能不是你的错，但责怪这个世界或指望它怜悯你是没有好处的。So所以：If如果:But但是；Unless除非。根据“itisprobablynotyourfhult”可知，前句是肯定条件，if符合句意；故选B。【4题详解】句意：一个人必须积极思考，必须充分利用他或她的情况。must必须;mustn't禁止；can't不可能;might可能。根据“Onehastothinkactively”可知，必须充分利用情况；故选A。【5题详解】句意：下次有人责备你犯了错误时，告诉他这可能是一件好事。lose失去；miss错过；be是；meet遇见。根据"agoodthing”可知，是一件好事；故选C。【6题详解】句意：因为如果没有不完美，你和我都不会存在。either也；neither也不；both都；only只有。根据“withoutimperfection”可知，都不会存在；故选B。【7题详解】句意：他给孩子们的建议。money钱：help帮助；advice建议；trouble麻烦。根据下文“one...two...”可知，是给孩子的建议；故选C。【8题详解】句意：第一，记得抬头看星星，不要低头看脚下。lookup抬头；lookfor寻找；lookafter照顾；lookthrough浏览。根据“atthestars”可知，抬头看星星；故选Ao【9题详解】句意：我注意到，即使是那些认为一切都是注定的，我们无法改变的人，也会在过马路前看一看。when当 时；what什么；who谁；which哪个。分析句子结构可知，是定语从句，先行词是人，因此who符合句意；故选C。【10题详解】句意：关于他的智商。her她的；his他的；my我的；their他们的。根据全文可知，讲述的是霍金的相关信息，因此his符合句意；故选Bo二、阅读理解（共21小题，满分42分）阅读短文A,B,C,从各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出能回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。阅读短文D,根据短文内容，从短文后面的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项是多余项。阅读E部分的五段名著读后感，按照要求与后面的五本书名A-E进行匹配。AHere,wewilllookatfourimportantthingsthattheChineseinventedfirst,besidestheFourGreatInventions.NoodlesWhileItalianshavelongsaidthattheyweretheoneswhoinventedthenoodle,thefactthatarchaeologists（考古学家）havefoundnoodlesinChina,In2005,abowlofyellownoodleswasfoundinLajia,innorthwesternChina.Itissaidthisbowlofnoodleswasburied（埋）about4,000yearsago,whilethekindofgrain（谷物）usedinthistypeofnoodlehadbeengrowninChinaforabout7,000years.Crossbow（弩）ThecrossbowwasinventedduringtheWarringStatesperiod,whichbeganaround2,600yearsago.Crossbowswerevaluedbecausetheywereeasytouse.TheChineseeventookitastepfurtheraroundA.D.200,whenagreatmancalledZhugeLiangcreateda“Repeating“crossbow.Banknotes（钞票）Notlongaftercomingupwithausefulprintingpress,theChineseinventedbanknotes.BanknotesbegantoappearinChinainthe700s,asinflationanddevaluation（通货膨胀和贬值）madeChinesegoldcoinsannoyingtousewhentrading.Sotheyturnedthosecoinsintobanknotes.Alcohol（酒精）Ofcourse,alcoholwasfirstinventedinChina,nearlyninethousandyearsago,asfaraswecantell.Inthelate1990s,archaeologistsdiscoveredpiecesofbrokenclaybottleinNorthernChinawhichhadsomestrangeremainsonthem.Afterfurtherexamination,theremainswereregardedashistory'sfirstwine.Whichoneofthefourinventionswasmadetoexchange?A.Noodles. B.Crossbow. C.Banknotes.Thecrossbowwasvaluedbecauseof .A.itseasyuse B.itsgreatinventor C.itslowpriceWhichonewouldbeTRUEifyoulivedinChina8,000yearsago?Youcouldenjoyabowlofnoodles.Youcoulduseacrossbowtofighttheenemy.D.Alcohol.D.itsgreatpowerYoucouldpayforsomethingwithbanknotes.Youcouldhaveadrinkwithyourfriends.【答案】11.C12.A13.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国人最先发明的四件重要的东西。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据“asinflationanddevaluation（通货膨胀和贬值）madeChinesegoldcoinsannoyingtousewhentrading.Sotheyturnedthosecoinsintobanknotes."可知,纸币是用来交易的，故选C。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据“Crossbowswerevaluedbecausetheywereeasytouse.”可知，弩因为使用方便而受到重视，故选Ao【13题详解】推理判断题。根据"Ofcourse,alcoholwasfirstinventedinChina,nearlyninethousandyearsago,asfaraswecantell.”可知，据我们所知，酒最早是在中国发明的，距今近九千年前。由此推知，8000年前你可以和朋友们喝一杯，故选D。BTheLEGO（乐高）GrouphasbeenworkingonawaytomakeLEGObricks（砖）outofrecycledplastic.Thebricksaren'treadyyet,butthecompanysaysit'smakingprogress.ManypeopleknowLEGObricksallowuserstobuildthingsthatdon'tfallaparteasily.Thisabilityiscalled“clutchpower".TheLEGObricksaremadefromakindofplasticcalledABS.ABSplasticmakesLEGObricks

verytough（坚固的），andgivesthemgreatclutchpower.Sadly,ABSplasticcan'tberecycled.That'sabigproblem.Thereisalargeplasticwasteproblemintheworld.YetLEGOmakesabout110billionbrickseveryyear.Butsince2015,LEGOhasmadeanefforttomaketheirproductsmoreearth-friendly.Threeyearsago,thecompanybeganmakingsomeLEGOparts,liketrees,outofaplasticmadefromsugarcane（甘蔗）.Recently,LEGOstartedusingpaperbagsinsteadofplastictoreducewaste.Butmakingbricksoutofrecycledplasticisabigchallenge.ThegoalistomakebricksoutofPETplastic,whichissofterthanABSplasticandcanbefoundinthingslikebottlesandclothing.Overthelastthreeyears,thecompanyhastestedhundredsofways.Now,they'vefoundawaytomakeagoodbrickfromPET.TheLEGOGroup'sgoalistoaddcolorstothebrickswhicharejustwhitenow.Thecompanyalsoaimstomakealloftheirmainproductsoutofrecycledmaterialsbytheyear2030.“Weknowkidscareabouttheenvironment,saidTimBrooks,aleaderatLEGO,“sowewanttoletkidsknowwe'reworkingonit.^^What's"clutchpower^accordingtothepassage?TheabilitytocleanLEGObricks.D.TheabilitytocleanLEGObricks.D.TheabilitytoholdLEGObrickstogether.greener D.biggerD.Tomakemoremoney.C.TheabilitytochangetheshapeofLEGObricks.PETplasticisthanABSplastic.A.cheaper B.tougherWhyhastheLEGOGroupbeentryingtomakebricksoutofrecycledplastic?A.Tosavemoney. B.Toreducepollution.C.lbbemorecreative.What'sLEGO'snextstep?Theywilldrawkids'attentiononprotectingtheenvironment.TheywillspendlessandlessmoneymakingPETplastic.Theywillmakealloftheirproductsoutofrecycledmaterials.TheywillmakeLEGObricksoutofPETplasticinallcolors.【答案】14.D15.C16.B17.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了乐高积木致力于用回收塑料制作积木。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据“ManypeopleknowLEGObricksallowuserstobuildthingsthatdon'tfallaparteasily.Thisabilityiscalled,clutchpower:”可知，这是一种把乐高积木连在一起的能力。故选D。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据“ABSplasticcan'tberecycled."以及“ThegoalistomakebricksoutofPETplastic,whichissofterthanABSplasticandcanbefoundinthingslikebottlesandclothing.”可知，PET塑料可以在瓶子和衣服等物品中找到，由此推知PET塑料更环保。故选C。【16题详解】细节理解题。根据“Butsince2015,LEGOhasmadeanefforttomaketheirproductsmoreearth-friendly.“可知，为了减少污染，以及对环境更有利，乐高集团尝试用回收塑料做砖。故选B。

【17题详解】推理判断题。根据"TheLEGOGroup'sgoalistoaddcolorstothebrickswhicharejustwhitenow.Thecompanyalsoaimstomakealloftheirmainproductsoutofrecycledmaterialsbytheyear2030.”可知，乐高集团目的是在白色的积木上增加颜色，公司还计划到2030年使用可回收材料制造所有主要产品。即：他们将用各种颜色的PET塑料制作乐高积木。故选D。Peoplegotoamazingplacesallovertheworldforholidays.Butpeopledon'tusuallygotospaceforaholiday.Itwouldbemuchtooexpensive.GuyLaliberte,however,wantedtohaveaholidayinspace.Heworkedinacircus（马戏团）inCanadaandhemadealotofmoney.Hecouldpaymillionsofdollarstomakehisdreamcometrue.BeforeGuycouldgotospace,hehadtogethisbodyready.Whenapersongoesintospace,thegravity（重力）changes.Guyhadtobetrainedforthechangeingravity.Monthslater,hewasfinallyready,thenwenttothelaunchpad（发射台）andclimbedintothehatch（舱）withtwootherastronauts.Hisfamilyandfriendswereworriedabouthimandtheywatchedthescreenscarefully.Whentherocketarrivedsafely,everyonecheered.Guystayedonaspacestation.Heknewthatspaceisadangerousplaceandhehadtolearndifferentwaystoeat,drinkandgotothebathroom.Healsohadtolearnwhattodoinanemergency（急救）.OnethingGuylovedwaslookingatEarthfromspace.Itlookedsobeautiful.Guywantedtosendamessagefromspace.HewantedpeopletothinkabouthowimportantcleanwaterisforeveryoneonEarth.HewantedpeopletoremembertotakecareofEarth.Guyputonaspecialshowfortheworkersatthespacestation.Hewantedtothankthemforalltheydid.Guy'sspaceholidaylastedninedays.Oneday,morepeoplemaybegoingforaspaceholiday.Scientistsareworkingonideas.Therecouldbeaspaceshipfbrshorttrips.ThenpeoplecouldseeEarth,theMoonandstarsfromspace.Ortherecouldbeanamazinghotelthatorbits（沿轨道）Earth.WhatwasGuy'sdream?D.Goingtospace.D.Foryears.A.Workinginacircus.B.Makingalotofmoney.C.VisiD.Goingtospace.D.Foryears.HowlongdidGuy'straininglast?A.For9days. B.Formonths. C.Foroneyear.Whatdidn'tGuylearntodoinspace?A.Howtoeatand