2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇

2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:一、2016医学考博英语写作常用词汇：医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（1）1、医生①doctor，medicalworker②physician内科医生③surgeon外科医生④doctorincharge主治医生⑤intern实习医生⑥residentdoctor住院医生2、医院①hospitalThespecializedhospital专科医院Thegeneralhospital普通医院Thecommunityhospital社区医院Thepublichospital公立医院Theprivatehospital私立医院②clinc门诊Conventionalclinictreatment普通门诊③ward病房④medicalteam医疗队3、医疗手段（1）drugtherapy药物治疗（2）medicaltreatment医疗（3）medicalinstruments医疗器械（4）diagnose（v）诊断（n）diagnosis（5）prevent（v）预防（6）sterilize（v）消毒|（7）administrateadrug给药（8）preventandtreatdisease（v）预防和治疗疾病（9）TCM中医r>（10）chemotherapy化疗（11）medicalservice医疗服务（12）complainof（v）主述（13）healthcheckup健康普查（14）diagnosingandtreating诊断和治疗（15）consultthedoctor（v）咨询；4、医疗体制（1）healthcaresystem医疗体制（2）medicaldisputes医疗纠纷（3）medicalaccident医疗事故（4）therelationshipbetweendoctorsandpatients医患关系（5）medicalinsurancesystem医疗保险体系（6）medicalaidfund医疗救助基金5、医德（1）medicalethics医德（2）patient-oriented以病人为核心（3）humanistic人道主义的（4）compassionate富于同情性的（5）considerate体贴周到的（6）resolute果断的（7）servicequality服务质量（8）togivetopprioritytothelivesandhealthofpeople6、病人（1）patient（2）thesick（3）theinvalid（4）sufferer医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类（2）必知疾病名称1、患病的表达方式⑴sufferfrom(v)受…苦；患…病(2)contract(v)感染(3)peoplewithsomedisease患病人群(4)thepeoplesusceptibletosomedisease易感某种疾病的人2、必知疾病名称heartdisease心脏病hypertension高血压kidneyproblem肾病stroke休克thebloodpressure血压diabetes糖尿病obesity肥胖terminalillness绝症incurableillness不治之症cancer癌症tumor肿瘤cancerofearlystage癌症晚期emergencycase急症serviousillness重症thedifficultandcomplicatedcases疑难病shortbreath短气syndrome综合症complications并发症process病程boneloss骨质疏松short-sighted(adj)近视3、其他相关词汇outbreakandspendingbreakout(v)疾病的爆发spread(v)疾病的扩散theincidenceofcommondiseases常见病发生率taboo禁忌speedupbloodcirculation(v)improvethecardiacfunctions(v)sideeffects副反应complainof主述4、传染病专题(1)感染源virus病毒bacteria细菌pest害虫channelandmedia传染途径及媒介(2)传染疾病somediseaseepidemic传染性疾病plague鼠疫influenza(简)flu流感infectioncontagion传染病infectiousdiseases传染病AIDS艾滋病SARS(3)传染epidemic(a)流行的，传染的blockthechannel(v)disseminate传播crossinfection交叉感染5、疾病名称Illness：病；疾病Sickness：疾病，呕吐；弊病Disease；弊病；疾病Ailment：小病；不安Suffering：苦难；苦楚6、疾病的转归(1)疾病的恢复recoverrecovery：痊愈；复原recuperate：恢复健康resumevt.恢复recruitvi.恢复健康；vt.使…恢复健康reinstatevt.使健康(2)疾病的恶化deterioratevi.vtaggravatevt.exasperatevt.makeworsevt.worsenvi.vt医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(3)药物1、药物名称medicine:药drug：药，麻醉药remedy：补救，治疗medicinalherbs：药草，草药powder：粉，粉末tablet：药片pill：n.药丸，口服避孕药；vt.把…制成丸剂；使服用药丸；vi.做成药丸；服药丸2、相关词汇drugtherapy：药物治疗sideeffects：副反应drugabuse：药物滥用drugstore：药房overthecounter：非处方药drugallergy;药物过敏drugpoisoning:药物中毒prescription:处方expensesformedicine：药费chargesformedicine:药品划价drugrebate：药品回扣3、药物用法开药：prescribesomemedicineforsomediseaseswriteoutaproscription服药takeamedicine治…的疾病aremedyforsomediseases医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(4)心理疾病1、心理学专业词汇subhealth亚健康psychologicalbenefits心理健康psychologicalproblem心理问题psychologicalconsultation心理咨询psychologicalobstacles心理障碍mentalobstacles心理障碍psychologicalmassage心理按摩psychology心理学/心理psychotherapy心理治疗psychologicalexpert心理专家2、相关词汇questionnaire3、情绪词汇overcome：vt.克服；胜过vi.克服；得胜disappoint：vt.使失望disappointed：adj.失望的，沮丧的；受挫折的shy，adj.害羞的；畏缩的，胆怯的flush：n.激动；面红；旺盛；vt.发红，使发亮；使激动vi.发红，脸红；被冲洗adj.丰足的，洋溢的；挥霍的frustration：挫折failure：失败willpower：毅力；意志力optimism：乐观optimistical：乐天的，乐观的besensitiveto：对…敏感nervous：紧张的，神经的tensional：张力的，紧张的sadagonypessimismpessimistic：悲伤，愤怒，悲观，悲观主义的confidentconfidence：自信stresspressuren.压力；紧张；vt.使紧张；加压力于；depressvt.压抑；使沮丧；使萧条depressed：v.使沮丧；depression：n.沮丧；忧愁depressive：adj.抑郁的；压抑的4、疲劳相关词汇fatiguetire(v)weariness(n)tired(a)exhausted(a)fatigued(a)weary（a.v）医学考博英语写作必记词汇分类(5)肥胖与营养1、营养物质nutrient营养素protein蛋白质fat脂肪glucose葡萄糖vitamin维生素sugar糖类heatcaloriesquantityofheat热量carbohydrate碳水化合物softdrinkbeverage软饮料cholesterol胆固醇2、营养与饮食awell-balanceddiet:：均衡饮食nutrition营养nutritional营养的二、精简医学考博写作常用核心词汇1.下降、减少：reduction，decrease，decline，diminution,drop，descend，go/comedown，fall；上升、增加：rise;goup;ascend；increase;2.禽流感H1N1flubirdflu/avianflu;食品安全foodsafety;3.公共卫生突发事件：publichealthemergencies;应急反应：immediateresponseto;4.关注民生：concern(focuson,payattentionto)people’slivelihood/well-being;5.城乡卫生体系：urban-ruralmedicalandhealthsystem6.预防保健：DiseasePreventionandHealthcare服务体系：servicesystem；7.讲究卫生：payattentiontohygiene；个人和环境卫生：personalandenvironmentalhygiene8.清淡的：lite；蛋白添加饮食：protein-complementeddiet；9.预防的措施：preventiveinitiatives=preventivemeasures10.人畜共患：zoonosis＝anthropozoonosis.人兽共患病11.虫媒：insectpollination；虫媒传染病：insect-borne/arthropod-borneinfectiousdisease；12.肾病综合征：nephrotic/renalsyndrome；13.流行性出血热：epidemichemorrhagicfever；14.爆发流行：breakout,explode;anepidemicoutbreakofexplosion15.传染：infect/infection/infectious,communicate/communicable,contagion/contagious,transmission/transmittable；communicable可传达的,会传染的,爱说话的[医]有传染性的;communicativea.健谈的,爱说话的,交际的16.传播途径:routeoftransmission,birdflutransmitsbyair/wind；persontopersontransmission17.传播,散布：diffuse，prevalence，spread，transmit，disseminate，propagate/propagation18.污染:pollution/pollute，contamination/contaminate19.福祉:well-being,happiness；20.衰老:growold；aging；consenescence；senility；senile21.每况愈下:frombadtoworse；相似的:akinto=similarto；脓的,化脓的:Purulent22.脂肪肝:fattyliver;血压:hypertension23.肠癌:CancerofRectumandColon；亚健康:sub-health24.过劳死:karoshi;deathfromoverwork25.长期以来:foralongtime;overtheyears26.养生:preserveone'shealth;nourishingoflife;keepingoodhealth27.分类:bedividedinto＝fallintothreecategories＝begroupedaccordingtotheirorigin,intothreeclasses.＝becategorizedaccordingto/beroughlyclassifiedintothreekinds.28.基本职责=basic/fundamental/essential/elementaryduties/responsibilities/obligations；基本原则fundamentalprinciple/rule,basicruleorprinciple;29.morals,morality,ethics均含“道德”之意。morals多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。morality指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。ethics多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。30.民众:the(general)public，themassesofthepeople，thecommonpeople；合作者co-worker;collaborator;copartner;coagent;31.死亡人数:deathtoll，deaths，thenumberofpeoplekilledin/dyingfromThedeathtollisexpectedtorise.Thedeathtollcontinuestorise.Therehavebeenmoredeathsfromdrowning.Howmuchisthedeathtoll死亡人数是多少

32.归结为:boildownto；comedownto；归因为/归功于:beattributableto、beattributedto、ascribeorattribute…to、owe…to;归咎于:layorputtheblameonsb、blame…on、ascribeorattribute…to、impute…to。33.大规模:onalargescale，extensive，large-scale，massive；大规模流行:large-scaletransmission，becomeapandemic，massiveattack/outbreak34.表面上:onthesurface,apparently,ostensibly,superficial,seemingly;因果关系:cause-and-effectrelationship,causalrelations