2023新课标版英语高考第二轮复习-专题七　语法填空-高考真题

2023新课标版英语高考第二轮复习第二部分语法知识应用

专题七语法填空Passage1(2021北京)AWhydowedream?ScientistsarenDtcompletelysure,andtheyhavediverse1(idea).Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverything2happenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit3(connect)things,yourbrainturnsthemintoastory,andyougetadream.BSamisanin-real-lifestreamer(播主),andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome4acoldnight,hecameacrossasad-lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.ThepoorwomanwasnDtabletogivehimanyinformationabout5shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould6(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.CThere7(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,8(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,9(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed10(invest)indisasterprevention.答案语篇解读本文为说明文，主题语境是人与自我，主题语境内容是做梦。文章主要阐述了人做梦的缘由。1.ideas解题指导考查名词复数形式。关注句意所透出的名词的数的形式。解析 句意:科学家不是完全确定，并且他们有不同的观点。由diverse可知,此处应该用所给词的复数形式，即ideas,.that解题指导考查定语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析句意:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切，尽量把新的经历和旧的记忆联系起来。分析该处句式结构并结合句意可知,此处引导定语从句;再分析定语从句成分可知，定语从句缺少主语，再由前面的先行词everything为不定代词可知，此处只能填thato知识拓展在定语从句中，如果先行词是指物的不定代词，如everything、something、anything、nothing>alKlittle,alittle等，且定语从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语的时候,定语从句的关系代词只能用that,不能用whicho.connects解题指导考查动词的时态和语态。关注句式结构、整个语篇的时态及句子描述的情境。解析句意:当你的大脑连接事物时,它就会把它们变成一个故事，然后你就得到一个梦了。结合整个语篇的时态基调是一般现在时态，再分析此处是个状语从句，主句的时态用的是一般现在时,故从句的时态也应该用一般现在时，由主语为it且connect与主语为主动关系可知，此处应填connects0难句分析原句:Whenyousleep,yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.分析:本句中when引导的是时间状语从句,主句是‘"yourbrainsortsthrougheverythingthathappenedduringtheday,tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories”,在主句里面有一■个由that引导的定语从句,修饰前面的先行词everything□译文:当你睡觉时,你的大脑整理了白天所发生的一切，尽量把新的经历和旧的记忆联系起来。B语篇解读本文为记叙文，主题语境是人与社会,主题语境内容是人际关系、社会交往。文章主要叙述了萨姆帮助一个老妇人回家的事情。.on解题指导考查介词。关注句意及句子描述的情境。解析句意:当他在一个寒冷的夜晚骑车回家时，他遇到一个独自一人在街道游荡、愁容满面的老妇人。这里指在“一个寒冷的夜晚”，故前面应该用on。.where解题指导考查宾语从句。关注句意及句式结构。解析句意:老妇人无法向萨姆提供任何有关她住处的信息。分析该处句式结构并结合句意可知，此处引导宾语从句;再分析宾语从句成分并结合宾语从句意思可知，宾语从句缺少地点状语，故此处应填where。.safely解题指导考查副词。关注句意及所给词后面的动词。解析句意:萨姆陪同她走到附近的一个便利店以便她能安全地等候警察来带她回家。由句意及所给词后面的动词可知，此处应该用所给词的副词形式，即safely。知识拓展walksb.tosomeplace意为“陪伴/护送某人走到某处”,为固定用法,这里的walk为及物动词，意为“陪伴……走，护送……走”。难句分析原句:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecouldsafelywaitforthepolicetotakeherhome.分析:这是一个主从复合句。主句部分是:Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestore,后面是由“sothat''引导的目的状语从句。译文:萨姆陪伴她走到附近的一个便利店以便她能安全地等候警察来带她回家。C语篇解读本文为说明文，主题语境是人与自然，主题语境内容是气候变化与自然灾害。文章主要阐述了近二十年全球气候变化导致了大量的自然灾害的发生。.hasbeen 解题指导考查动词的时态。关注句中的关键性时间状语。解析句意:根据联合国的一份新报告:在过去的二十年，出现了极端天气事件数量的急剧增多,这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。由句中的关键性时间状语"overthepast20years”可知,此处应该用现在完成时态。.caused 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意、句子结构及句中关键词。解析分析整个句子可知,尽管句子很长，但它只是个简单句，故该处不能填谓语动词，只能填动词的非谓语形式;由空后的关键词by并结合句意可知，此处应填过去分词caused,表示被动。.resulting 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析 句意:从2000年到2019年，全球共有7,348次严重的自然灾害，导致29,700亿美元的经济损失。分析整个句子可知，句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面用现在分词表示结果。.toinvest 解题指导考查动词的非谓语形式。关注句意和句子结构。解析 分析句子可知，这里的need为名词，意为“需要、需求”，后面应该用动词不定式形式作后置定语，修饰needo难句分析原句:Therehasbeenadramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures,accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.分析:这是一个简单句。句子前面是“therebe”句型,后面的过去分词短语“causedlargelybyrisingglobaltemperatures”作后置定语，修饰前面的"rise"。译文:根据联合国的一份新报告:在过去的二十年，出现了极端天气事件数量的急剧增多，这很大程度上是由全球气温不断上升所导致的。Passage2(2020浙江)Sometimeafter10,000BC,peoplemadethefirstrealattempttocontroltheworldtheylived1,throughagriculture.Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlesson2couldbehuntedorgatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.Farmingproducedmorefoodperperson3huntingandgathering,sopeoplewereabletoraisemorechildren.And,asmorechildrenwerebom,morefood4(need).Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology 5(change)lives.Byabout6000BC,people6(discover)thebestcropstogrowandanimalstoraise.Later,theylearnedtoworkwiththe7(season),plantingattherighttimeand,indryareas,8(make)useofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌*既)theirfields.Thisstyleoffarminglastedforquitealongtime.Then,with9riseofscience,changesbegan.Newmethods10(mean)thatfewerpeopleworkedinfarming.Inthelastcenturyorso,thesechangeshaveaccelerated.Newpowermachineryandartificialfertilizers(化月巴)havenowtotallytransformedawayoflifethatstartedintheStoneAge.答案［语篇解读］本文是一篇说明文。主题语境是人与社会。文章介绍了从人类逐渐减少依靠狩猎生活，逐步发展起农业，到使用新型机械和人工肥料的现代农业的过程。l.in考查介词。根据文章中句子的结构可知,theylived为限制性定语从句，先行词为world。将先行词代入定语从句后，应为theylivedintheworld,故填in0.what考查宾语从句。根据句子结构可知设空处引导介词后的宾语从句，且设空处在从句中作主语，表示“什么"，故填what0.than考查介词。题干中的"more”有比较含义，故填than。.wasneeded考查时态和语态。主语与谓语之间是被动关系，并且讲述的是过去的事情，故填wasneeded»5.tochange考查不定式。此处不定式作定语，修饰power,根据thepowertodosth.可知此处填不定式。6.haddiscovered考查时态。根据Byabout6000BC可知应用过去完成时。7.seasons考查名词复数。根据常识，一年有四季，可知此处应填名词复数。8.making考查分词。句中己经有了谓语动词learned,make和句子的主语they是主动关系，故填makingo9.the考查冠词。设空处特指科学的发展，故填the。lO.meant考查时态。设空处讲述的是过去的事情，故填meant。Passage3(2020北京)AOliverisahostofaTVprogrammeonfood.Hesaysfood1.(play)abigroleinhislift."Mymumwasagreatcook,andshe*dsometimesletmehaveatryJhesaid.ThefirstdishOliverpreparedforhisfamilywasfriedchickenwings.Hemadeitwithhismum'shelp.Oliversaysifyou're2.(luck)enoughtohavesomeoneclosetoyouwhoenjoyscooking,askthem3.youcanjoininwhenit'spossible.BSingle-useplasticbagsareusedatmostafewtimesbeforethey4.(throw)away.Ittakesthemhundredsofyears5.(break)down.Manyofthesebagsendupintheoceanwherelargeronescantrapseacreatures,suchasturtlesanddolphins.Overtime,thebagsfallapart6.countlesstinypieces,andfishcanaccidentallyeatsomeofthem.Now,lotsof7.(country)andregionsaretakingactiontobanthesaleofsuchbagstostoppeopleusingthem.CApieceofstone8.(find)onaDutchbeachsuggeststhatourextincthumanrelatives,knownasNeanderthals,wereclevererthanpreviouslythought.TheNeanderthals9.(live)alongsidehumanancestorsinEuropefortensofthousandsofyears,beforedyingoutabout40,000yearsago.Theyweremuchstrongerthanmodernhumans,butit'slongbeenassumedthathumanancestorswere10.(smart)thantheNeanderthals.However,thestonetoolmadebyNeanderthalssuggestsotherwise.答案A［语篇解读］本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。本文讲述了美食电视节目的主持人奥利弗对美食的态度。本文旨在使读者更加热爱生活。1.plays/hasplayed/isplaying/hasbeenplaying本题考查时态。根据主句谓语动词says(一般现在时)及本句语境可知设空处需用现在的某种时态，可用一般现在时、现在完成时、现在进行时或现在完成进行时。2.1ucky本题考查形容词。设空处作表语，表示“幸运的”,故填形容词lucky。f/whether本题考查宾语从句。设空处引导宾语从句，意为“是否"，故填if或whether。B［语篇解读］本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自然。本文主要介绍了一次性塑料袋对生态环境的危害。本文旨在提高读者的环保意识。.arethrown句意:一次性塑料袋至多使用几次就被扔掉。本题考查时态和语态。设空处所在句子说的是现在的情况，需用一般现在时;从句主语they与throw为被动关系,需用被动语态，故填arethrown..tobreak句意:它们需要几百年才能分解。本题考查非谓语动词。“Ittakes+sb./sth.+一段时间+todo”为固定句型，故填不定式too/to句意:随着时间的推移，那些袋子会分解成无数的小碎片，鱼会不小心吃掉其中的一些。设空处前为动词短语，设空处后为名词复数，由此可判断设空处需用介词;设空处与fallapart连用，表示“分解成”,故填into或too.countries句意:现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这样的袋子，以阻止人们使用它们。设空处与后面的regions并列作主语,由此可判断设空处需用名词形式;根据设空处前的lotsof可知设空处需用名词复数形式，故填countriesoC［语篇解读］本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，已经灭绝的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。.found句意:在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，已经灭绝的人类的近亲尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。本题考查非谓语动词。被修饰词stone与find为逻辑上的被动关系，且设空处表示的动作“已经完成”,故填过去分词found«.1ived/hadlived/hadbeenliving句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处所在句子说的是过去的事情，故设空处需用过去的某种时态，再根据本句的时间状语“fbrtensofthousandsofyears”可知设空处可用一般过去时、过去完成时或过去完成进行时。lO.smarter句意:他们比现代人类强壮得多，但长期以来人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人聪明。根据设空处后的than可知设空处需用形容词比较级作表语，故填smarter。Passage4（2019北京）AOnthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade,Istoodbythedoorwithbutterfliesinmystomach.I1.(voice)mybiggestconcerntomymother,tfcHowwillImakefriends?^^Shehandedmeadvice,"Beyourself."Forthepast20years,Ihavelivedbythesewords.SoonIwillgraduateandbecomepartoftherealworld.Nervously2.(face)challenges,IknowIwillwhisperto3.(I)thetwosimplewords“Beyourself'.BEarthDay,4.(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.Firstcelebrated5.1970,theDaynowincludeseventsinmorethan190countriesandregions(地区).Nomatterwhatyouliketodo,thereisawaytogetinvolvedinvarious6.(activity)onEarthDay.Youcanplantatree,makeamealwithlocallygrownvegetables,orsavepower—thepossibilitiesareendless.CDoesthenameofthecollegeyouattendreallymatter?Researchonthequestion7.(suggest)that,formoststudents,itdoesn't.Whatstudentsdoatcollegeseemstomattermuchmorethan8.theygo.Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethose9.aretotallyengaged(参与)inacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources(资源).Studentsshouldhaveaproperattitudetowardscollegebeforethinkingaboutwhichcollegetoattend,andit*snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand10.(meaning)collegeexperience.答案A［语篇解读］本文为记叙文，主题语境是人与自我。本文有助于提升学生自身素养,拥有正确处理问题的能力。本文记述了作者从自己一年级的经历中学到:在面对困难时,要做好自己。.voiced考查时态。根据上文Onthefirstdayofmyfirstgrade可知此处是指发生在过去的事情,故用一般过去时。.facing考查现在分词。句意:当紧张地面对挑战的时候,我知道我将低声对自己说这两个简单的词“Beyourselfo现在分词facing作状语，解释说明在什么情况下说“Beyourself'».myself考查反身代词。此处指低声对自己说，句子的主语和宾语指同一个人，故设空处应该填myself。B［语篇解读］本文为说明文，主题语境是人与自然。本文旨在提升学生的环保意识。文章介绍了地球日，并且倡议我们每个人尽一份力，让我们的地球变得更好。.marked考查过去分词。marked为过去分词，在句中作定语,说明地球日被庆祝的时间。5.in考查介词。句意:地球日首次庆祝于1970年,现在它包括在190多个国家和地区举办的活动。具体在哪一年用介词in。6.activities考查名词。句意:无论你想做什么，在地球日这一天，都有一种参与各种活动的方式。根据句中various可知，设空处应用名词的复数形式。C［语篇解读］本文为说明文，主题语境是人与社会。文章提到大学生在大学期间怎么做，做什么很重要，积极参加大学的各种活动会让学生受益匪浅。7.suggests/suggested/hassuggested考查时态。句意:对这个问题的研究表明,对大部分学生来说无所谓。根据itdoesn't可知是现在的情况，故suggest用一般现在时或现在完成时，但该从句所表达的是客观事实,故主句谓语动词用一般过去时也可以。.where考查名词性从句。句意:学生们在大学里所做的事似乎要比他们上哪所大学重要得多。设空处引导宾语从句，该从句缺少地点状语，故填whereo.who/that考查定语从句。句意:从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活，同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是those,指人，关系词在从句中作主语，指代学生，故此处填关系代词who或thato.meaningful考查形容词。为健康且有意义的大学经历做必要的准备，越早越好。collegeexperience是名词短语,应该用形容词来修饰，且设空处所填词和healthy并列,故设空处应用meaning的形容词形式meaningful»高级词块l.withbutterfliesinone'sstomach心慌，紧张2.raisepublicawarenessabout…提高公众对 的认识长难句Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethosewhoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife,takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources.从大学中最受益的学生是那些全力地参与学术生活，同时充分利用大学机会和资源的人。这是一个主从复合句。主句是Thestudentsbenefittingmostfromcollegearethoseothose是先行is］,whoaretotallyengagedinacademiclife是定语从句。takingfulladvantageofthecollege'schancesandresources为现在分词短语作状语,补充说明学生所做的活动。Passage5（2017课标全国I）Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcnmmunily（医学界）1amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside2(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease-theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired3(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt4(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As5result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even6(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood7(be)fulloffatandsalt;by8(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be9(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,10isnotgoodforthehealth.答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文。主题语境为人与自我。本文介绍了低脂低盐食品对健康可能会造成的负面影响，并对影响的成因进行了分析。l.as考查介词。此处缺少表达“作为”意义的介词，故填as。.effects考查名词复数。sideeffect为可数名词，根据前面的some可知，应用复数形式。.toprocess考查不定式。根据requiresth.todosth.以及其被动形式sth.berequiredtodosth.可知此处填动词不定式。.areremoved考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。结合语境可知，状语从句中用一般现在时态,fatandsalt作主语，谓语动词用复数形式,主语与remove之间为被动关系，故填areremoved0.a考查冠词。asaresult结果;因此。.worse考查副词。evenworse更糟的是，此句与上句提到的情况相比较,故用比较级。.is考查时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处用一般现在时态，主语fastfood为不可数名词，故系动词用is».eating考查动名词。by在此处为介词，表示方式，故后面接动名词形式作by的宾语。.careful考查形容词。设空处在系动词be之后作表语,故填形容词。.which考查定语从句。设空处指代前面的主句，引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。Passage6(2017课标全国II)In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible1(crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand2work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad,3(lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover4top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.Steamengines5(use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen6(fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing7everyday.Later,engineers8(manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeplunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe9(introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost 10(success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin19(X).Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文。主题语境为人与社会。文章介绍了世界上第一条地铁——伦敦地铁的起源以及它逐步成为大众所喜爱的交通方式的发展历程。.crowds考查名词。avoid“避免”后可跟名词或动名词作宾语。因为此空前有形容词terrible修饰，故排除动名词形式;crowd作“人群”讲时，为可数名词，且前面无冠词限制，故需用复数形式。.from考查介词。由语境可知此处指“上下班(toandfix)mwork)”,为固定表达。aying考查动名词作宾语。由上文中的includeddigging和下文的andthenbuilding可知，此处用动名词作included的宾语。.the考查冠词。此处是说地铁开挖、铺轨完成后,要进行最后的筑顶。此处表示特指，因此应用定冠词the。.wereused考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语Steamengines和use之间为被动关系，且由上文可知叙述的是过去发生的事，故需用一般过去时的被动语态;又因主语是名词的复数形式，故be动词需用were。.fairly考查副词。修饰形容词unpleasant需用副词形式，故填fairly。7.it考查代词。此处指代上文中提到的therailway,需用代词it。8.managed考查动词的时态。此处叙述的是过去的事情，需用一般过去时，故答案为动词的过去式。Q.introduction考查名词。由空前的定冠词可知，此处需用名词形式。lO.successful考查形容词。此处为“oneofthe+形容词最高级”结构。Passage7(2017课标全国KI)Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeherschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term1(rest).Instead,sheisearning£6,500adayas2modelinNewYork.Sarah3(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain'snewsupermodel,earningamilliondollarsinthenextyear.HerfatherPeter,44,wantshertogiveupschooltomodelfull-time.ButSarah,4hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wants5(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.Sheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher6(educate).Shehasturneddownseveral7(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.Afterschoolsheplanstotakeayearofftomodelfull-timebeforegoingtouniversitytogetadegree8engineeringorarchitecture.Sarahsays,“MydadthinksIshouldtaketheoffernow.Butatthemoment,school9(come)first.Idon'twanttogettooabsorbedinmodeling.Itis10(certain)funbutthelifestyleisalittleunreal.Idon'twanttohavenothingelsetofallbackonwhenIcan'tmodelanymore.^^答案［语篇解读］本文为记叙文。主题语境为人与自我。文章介绍了16岁的中学生Sarah在模特界崭露头角却依然以学业为重的故事。.resting考查固定用法。固定结构spendsometime(in)doing(sth.)花费时间做(某事)。.a考查冠词。model为可数名词,此处表示泛指，故填冠词a。.hasbeentold/wastold考查时态和语态。根据语境可知Sarah与tell之间为动宾关系，故用被动语态。此处既可以用一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作，也可以用现在完成时态,表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响。.who考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在定语从句中作主语。应该填入关系代词who,指代Sarah».toprove考查不定式。wanttodosth.想要做某事,因此空白处应该填入tocation考查词性转换。空白处填入的词作介词with的宾语，并受物主代词her的限定，必须用名词形式。7.invitations考查名词的复数。由本题前面的限定词several可判断,invitation需用复数形式。8.in考查介词与名词的搭配。本题前面的degree一词表示“学位”，在表达某一专业的学位时，后接介词es考查动词时态和主谓一致。此句讲的是Sarah对自己当前情况的理解,应该用一般现在时。主语school为第三人称单数，故谓语动词come应该加・s。.certainly考查副词。空白处填入的词修饰形容词fun,应为副词。Passage8(2016课标全国I)Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asia'sbiggestbuildingandfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstopI.(attract).Soitwasagreathonourtobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayfbrresearch.I2.(allow)togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe3.(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback4.mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,5.IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter6.(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude7.(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchcentreinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby8.(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew9.(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,10.otheriswithmum—sheneversuspects.答案［语篇解读］本文为记叙文。文章描述了作者和熊猫结下的不解之缘。.attraction考查名词。设空处作表语。句意:但是对于像我这样的旅行者，熊猫是成都最吸引人的东西。attraction〃.吸引人的事物。.wasallowed考查动词的时态和语态。由句子结构可知此处为谓语动词。主语力”和动词“allow”之间为被动关系，根据上句中的谓语动词was可知,文章叙述的是过去发生的事，需用一般过去时，故此处需用一般过去时的被动语态。3.officially考查副词。此处用副词修饰动词。.to考查介词。gobackto"追溯到，回溯到”，为固定短语。.when考查定语从句。先行词themid-1980s为表示时间的名词，且关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，故用关系副词when引导。.permitted考查非谓语动词。此处应用过去分词作后置定语。7.introducing考查动名词。动词include后缺宾语，需用所给动词的动名词形式作宾语。ts考查代词。此处为it的形容词性物主代词，意为“它的”。.days考查名词的复数形式。few修饰可数名词复数，故其后的名词需用复数形式。.the考查冠词。one...theother…"(两者中的)一个 另外一个 ”，为固定结构。高级词块1.fancy/'fxnsi/adj.豪华的2.backstage/,baek'stei到后台3.switch/switf/v.转换4.suspect/sa'spekt/u.怀疑Passage9(2016课标全国II)Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识另ij)thoseofL.(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou'llfeelarealsenseof2.(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow3.(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused4.ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive5.possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent6.(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks7.(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor8.while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,you'llbelesslikely9.(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sports-butwhateveritis,10.(make)sureit*sarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.答案［语篇解读］如果在工作中你感到了压力，如何解决?作者给出了几种实用的减压方式，可让身心得到放松。.greater考查形容词比较级。根据此句中less,可知应该用great的比较级和less并列。.achievement考查名词。根据介词of,可知设空处应该填名词形式,asenseofachievement一种成就感,此处achievement是不可数名词。.is考查主谓一致和时态。动名词作句子主语，谓语动词用单数形式且描述一般事实，故用is。.on考查介词。我们大多数人早晨比一天中晚些时候更集中注意力于我们的工作。befocusedon集中注意力于。5.as考查短语。as...aspossible尽可能 6.studies考查名词单复数。根据句中的谓语动词show,可知主语应该用复数形式，故填studieso.regularly考查副词。此处应该用副词形式作状语。.A考查冠词。forawhile是固定短语，意为:一会儿。.tobring考查不定式。belikelytodosth.为固定短语，意为:有可能做某事。W.make考查祈使句。但是无论是什么事，确保它是消除日常压力的事情而不是另一件让人担心的事情。高级词块1.achievement/。’tji:vmnnt/几成就;达到，完成productive/pro'dAktlv/〃的.富有成效的Passage10(2016课标全国ID)InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowF'culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,1.Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequiteartistic.Trulyelegantchopsticksmight2.(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.Skilledworkersalsocombinevarioushardwoodsandmetal3.(create)specialdesigns.TheChinesehaveusedchopsticksforfivethousandyears.Peopleprobablycookedtheirfoodinlargepots,4.(use)twigs(树枝)toremoveit.Overtime,5.thepopulationgrew,peoplebegancuttingfoodintosmallpiecessoitwouldcookmorequickly.Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigswhich6.(gradual)tumedintochopsticks.SomepeoplethinkthatthegreatChinesescholarConfucius,7.livedfromroughly551to479B.C.,influencedthe8.(develop)ofchopsticks.Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand9.(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,fbrexample,mostpeopletraditionallyeat10.theirhands.答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了筷子及其发展的历史。Land考查并列连词。此处表示并列关系而不是选择关系，其模式为“A,B,CandD”。故填并列连词and。.bemade考查情态动词和被动语态。bemadeof表示“由 制成“，根据设空前的情态动词might可知，此处填bemade。.tocreate考查不定式。此处不定式作目的状语。.using考查现在分词。现在分词在此处作伴随状语。.as/when考查连词。根据语境可知，此处用连词as/when引导时间状语从句。.gradually考查副词。此处用副词修饰turnedinto。.who考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句冼行词Confucius(孔子)指人，故需用关系代词who引导定语从句。.development考查名词。由设空前的冠词the和设空后的of可知应用名词。.were考查动词时态和主谓一致。由并列连词and连接宾语从句中的两个并列结构可知和wouldremind并列的应为谓语动词，故用be动词的过去式，又因knives为复数形式，故用were。.with考查介词。由语境可知设空处意为“用"，故填with。高级词块1.so-called/'sou'k。：Id/c@.所谓的2.roughly/'rAfli/ad也大约Passage11(2016上海,A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother'shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly—wewerealwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.1.(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand2.happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotherefugeecamp,in3.shedistributedittochildren.Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme—whywouldshenotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe4.(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop5.(buy)thegroceriesifIfoundout?Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery.6.shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn'tneedtokeepitasecret7.me.Shetoldmethatsomeofthechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygivingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwassoimpressedby8.selflessshewas.答案［语篇解读］本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者母亲为难民营里的孩子提供食物的故事，同时作者也意识到自己母亲的无私伟大。1.Wondering考查非谓语动词。主语I与wonder是逻辑上的主动关系，故填Wonderingo2.what考查名词性从句。主语从句中缺少主语且指物，故用what引导。.which考查定语从句。此处关系代词前有介词in,故用which。.haddone考查动词的时态。在这之前母亲没有告诉作者她这样做的原因，动作发生在“过去的过去”，故用haddone0.buying考查非谓语动词。stopdoingsth.“停止做某事”，故用buyingo6.Before考查连词。根据语境，母亲还未来得及做出反应，“我”就给了她一个拥抱，故用Before。7.from考查介词。keepsth.fromsb.为固定搭配，意为“不将某事告诉某人，瞒着某人”。8.how考查宾语从句。selfless为形容词,用副词how来修饰。高级词块l.contributeto出力做 ，帮助2.beoutofsth.用完某物3.distributesth.tosb.把某物分发给某人Passage12(2016上海,B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.Inrecentyears,stress1.(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretomentalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchstress2.doesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievelittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the3.(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacertainpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself4.numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof5.,andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientor6._(annoy)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?...Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter7._(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodfbryou.Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,pregnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely8.(get)ilL答案［语篇解读］本文为说明文，讲述压力从不为人知演变为各种疾病的成因之一。适当的压力对人们有利,而当压力超过一定的限度，就会对人体造成危害。l.hasbeenregarded根据句中的时间状语“Inrecentyears”可知,时态应为现在完成时，故填hasbeenregardedo.that本句为强调句型Itis+被强调部分+that+其他成分，故填that。.better本句采用“the+比较级…,the+比较级…越……，就越……”结构。.Aanumberof为固定搭配，意为“大量的”。.you考查人称代词。你有没有觉得他人对你的期待太多?故答案为you。.annoyedor为并列连词，这里修饰人，故填annoyedo7.controlhadbetterdosth.最好做某事。.togetbelikelytodosth.有可能做某事。高级词块l.getstressedabout…对 感到焦虑2.awholerangeof一系列的Passage13(2016四川)Thegiantpanda1.(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.Chinesescientists2.(recent)hadachancetostudyawildfemalepandawithanewbornbaby.Shewasavery3.(care)mother.For25days,sheneverleftherbaby,noteventofindsomething4.(eat)!Shewouldnotletanyotherpandascomenear.Shelickedthebabyconstantlytokeepitclean.Anysmellmightattractnatural5.(enemy)thatwouldtrytoeatthelittlepanda.Themotherheldthebabyinherfrontpawsmuchthewayahumandoes.6.itcried,sherockeditbackandforthandgaveitlittlecomfortingpats.Themothercontinuedtocarefortheyoungpanda7.morethantwoyears.Bythattime,thepandanolongerneeded8.(it)motherforfood.However,itstayedwithherandlearnedaboutthewaysoftheforest.Then,aftertwoandahalfyears,themother9.(drive)theyoungpandaaway.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,10.itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.答案［语篇解读］中国科学家有机会研究了一只野生大熊猫养育熊猫宝宝的过程。小熊猫出生以后,熊猫妈妈片刻不离,悉心照顾孩子，两年以后,小熊猫跟妈妈学习生存技巧，两年半以后，小熊猫离开妈妈独立生活。l.isloved考查动词的时态和语态。大熊猫被全世界的人喜欢是事实,应该用一般现在时;panda和love之间是被动关系，故答案是islovedo.recently考查副词。此处需用时间副词。.caring/careful考查形容词。mother是名词，需要用形容词来修饰,结合下文可知答案为caring/carefulo.toeat考查非谓语动词。此处应用动词不定式作后置定语。.enemies考查名词复数。enemy为可数名词，天敌有多种，因此应用复数形式。.When/If考查连词。此处引导状语从句,根据句意可知，当熊猫宝宝哭的时候/如果熊猫宝宝哭，熊猫妈妈会轻摇并轻拍它。故用When/If,注意在句首，首字母应该大写。.for考查介词。设空处后边的morethantwoyears是一段时间，故用介词for。8.its考查代词。设空处是指“它的“，故用itso9.drove考查时态。此处指熊猫妈妈把小熊猫从身边赶走,此事已经发生，故用一般过去时。W.and考查连词。这是它再要一