【2022】一英语上学期知识点总结

PAGEPAGE8一.differencesbetweenAandB A和B之间的不同★★makesome/nodifference /影响AisdifferentfromB AB不同AandBaret

A和B在某方面不同differ vi.不同；有分歧behappywithsth./sb. 对某物//满意behappytodosth. 乐于做某事mean vt. 意味着；有……的意思★★★meandoing 意味着……★★★meantodo 打算做某事★★means n. 方法，手段（单复同形bythismeans=inthisway 用这种方法bynomeans=notatall 决不byallmeans 一定，务必，不惜一切地bymeansof 通过；用；借助于bepreparedfor 已为……做好了准备preparesb.forsth. 使……有思想准备preparesb.todosth. 为某人做某事做准inpreparation(for) 在准备中makepreparatiofor 为……做准备encouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事encouragesb.(insth.)discouragesb.使某人泄气morethan=over超过，多于morethan+名词/动词/形容词/从句不仅仅；不只是nomorethan+数词仅仅notmorethan+数词至多，不超过notmore……than 不比……更nomore……than 和……不一样more……than 与其说是……不如说是……★turnouttobesb./sth. 结果是……e.g.Butitturnouttobefine.8)★trytodosth. ★trydoingsth. 是做，尝试干某事attend(on)sb. /看护某人attendtosb.=takecareofwin/earn/gaintherespectofsb. 赢得某人的尊haveadeeprespectforsb. 深深敬重某人respectsb.fordoingsth. 因为……而尊敬某人blamesb.fordoingsth. 因为……而责备某人scoldsb.fordoingsth. 因为……而责骂某人devoteoneselfto 献身于devoted adj.e.g.adevotedfather 一个慈爱的父亲devotion n.e.g.herdevotiontoherjob13)missdoingsth. missing=lost=goneearnone'sliving 谋生intheend=finally=atlast 最后attheendofatthebeginningofapprove(of)doingsth. 赞同做某事approve(of)sth.disapprovebeinchargeof=takechargeof 掌管inthechargeof 由……掌管takecharge=incharge18)informtheparentsoftheeventsinformsb.ofsth. 通知某人某事★★★★e.g.Youshouldkeepmedoftherecentnews.expectsth.fromsb.从……期待……e.g.Hecouldexpecthelpfromhisfriend.expectsb.todosth.★hopetodobesupposedtodo=beexpectedto=berequiredtodo21)★★★★★sbberequiredto 某人被要求做某事sth.requiredoing/tobedonerequiretobedonerequiredoinge.g.Myshoesrequiretobewashed.Myshoesrequirewashing.22)comeupwith=thinkof 提出，找到（答案，方法）等e.g.Aquestioncameupatmeetingyesterday.23)runinto=comeacross=meetwith 偶遇24)goout 灯火等熄灭；出去e.g.Thelightintheroomsuddenlywent25)beupsetaboutsth. 为……难过★behardonsb. 对某人苛刻mightaswell 倒不如，不妨feellikedoingsth.=wouldliketodosth. 想要做某事29)★★★★★havedifficulty(in)doingsth. 做某事有困30)strugglefor 为……奋斗strugglewith/against 与……进行斗争struggletoone'sfeet 挣扎着站起来tradeAwithB 交换tradeBforAtradewithforeigners 和外国人做生意trademark 商标deserve v. deservetododeservetobedonee.g.deservetobepraiseddeservepraising(praiseasif=asthough 好像evenif=eventhough 尽管e.g.Althoughheisveryyoung,heactsasifheeanadult.★★★★★虚拟语气与现在的事实相反，be→were/do→did；与过去的事实相反，do→haddone；e.g. Theytreatthelittlechildasifheetheirownchild.Theylveryhappyasiftheyethestoryaheadoftime.Theyleveryhappyasiftheydonthestoryaheadoftime.IwishIwereabird.IwishIhadbeentherebefore.IwishIcouldgetabeautifulBerz.insist 坚持（认为坚持（要求e.g.Heinsiststhathe)tettohospital→虚拟语气prison.

Thethiefinsistedthathettlthewallet,andthathesl)t

ttintoItisrequiredthat形式主语结构everyoneh)khardateverysubject→虚拟语气34）whose+n.=the+n.+of+whom/which=of+whom/which+the+n.speakof=talkaboutspeakto=talkspeakhighlyof 高度赞扬robsb.fsth. 抢某人某物workout=exercise=do/takeexercise 锻炼contain()/include(包括)e.g.Thewatercontainsmanyvitamins.Theyallwenttothecinema,includingTom.treatsb.verywell 对某人很好treatsb.as 把某人当做treatsb.'sillness 40)doharmto=dodamageto41)preferAtoBprefertodosth.prefertodoAratherthandoBpreferdoingAtodoingB42)regret-regretted 后悔regretdoingsth. 后悔做某事regrettodosth. 遗憾做某事43）beworthdoing44)thesame……thatthesame……ase.g.Ihaveboughtthesamewatchasyouhavebought.我买的手表和你买的是一样的。ThisisthesamewatchthatIlost.这手表和我丢的是同一块。45)★★★★★asisknowntoall=asweallknow=aseveryoneknows众所周知★★★★★asisoftenthecase这是常有的事asismentionedabove正如上面所提到的s．．46）losecontrolofsth.getsth.undercontrol=takecontrolofsth.outofcontrol47)counton=dependon 依靠，取决于4）★★★★．．t/r．．☆☆☆☆☆Hefailedintheexam,sohedid.．．sosb.do 某人的确这样so/neitherdosb. 某人也这样49）directone'sattentiononsth. 集中注意在某物上concentrateone'sattentiononsth.★★★感谢某人thanksb. thankedsb. begratefultosb. owethankstosb.★★★★★dueto 由于；预期assume 假定；认为base bebaseon 以……为基础★★★Thereisapuzzledlookonher53)takestepstodosth. 采取行动做某事searchsb.forsth. 搜身searchfor=lookforinsearchof=inone'ssearchfor 寻找developone'sinterestinshow/take/find/have/feelinterest★★★Itoccurs/occuredtosb.todosth.Itoccurs/occuredtosb.that某人（突然）想到e.g.ItsuddenlyoccurredtoherthatJoewasafraidofbeingalone.56)★★★convincesb.ofsth. 使某人相信某事convincing adj.become/beconvincedofsth.makesb.convincedoflinkAtoB 与……有关联connectAwithBheadfor=makeone'swayto 前往belimitto 被限制AmarriedBAwas/gotmarriedtoB61)★AissimilartoBin★AisdiffersfromBinsth.AdiffersfromBinsth.62)★★★shouldn'thavesb.doing=shouldn'tallowsb.to63)★havesb.do=getsb.todo 请某人做某事64)★★★commonsence 常识★★★largequantitiesofwater-have 大量的水largequantityofwater-has★★★★Thissthefirst(second/third/nth)time(that)+s.s.↓ ↓Thatsthefirst(second/third/nth…)time(that)+sde67)★providesb.withsth. offersbsth. supplysb.withsth. providesth.forsb. supplysth.tosb.★beabouttodosth,when… 正要做某事★★★★★dowhateversb.can[todo]dowhatsb.can[todo]doallsb.can[todo]=doone'sbesttodo70)explainsth.tosb.explaintosb.Sth.71)arrangeforsb.todosth. 为某人安排某事72)many+c.n.much+u.n.sofew+c.n.solittle+u.n.agreatdealof+u.n.lotsof+c.n./u.n.alargeamountof+u.n.alargenumberof+c.n.plentyof+c.n./u.n.manya+c.n.．dozensof+hedarkaslongas 只要inorderthat=sothattakeyourtime 别着急，慢慢来becurioustodosth. 对某事好奇becuriousaboutsth.(had、have/has、willhave、havebeendoing)79)preserve(protect)sth./sb.from保护某人★beknowas作为……而闻名beknowfor因为……而闻名beknowto为（某人）AalongwithB （除……之外）还有；与……一起★★★★★Upontheirenteringthetomb/tri/snfromBritain,hebeganhiswork.setrefromBritain,hebeganhiswork.→etedfromBritain,hebeganhiswork.IeledfromBritain,hebeganhiswork.83lt．e.g.Hemadealongspeechonlytoshowhisfoolishness.84★★★★ftei,theycanstnillnessorevendeath.ifbreathedin=iftheyarebreathedinresultin=leadto 导致result由……引起，产生e.g.Hiscarelessnesssietthefailureoftheexperiment.Thetrafficaccidentdohiscarelessness.asaresult=becauseof=dueto 因此asaresultof 作为……的结85)★though放在居中意为“但是”86★wouldgo ．was/weregoingtodosth. ．87)★★★★★managetodosth. 设法做成某事=succeedindoing=besuccessfulindoing=havesuccessindoing=beabletodo=dosth.successfully/withsuccess88)★compareAtoB 把A比作B；把A和BcompareAwithB 把AB进行比较★useupallthemoney 用完所有的钱runoutofthemoney★★★当陈述部分的must而要根据must后面的动词所发生的时间，对该动词提出相应的疑问。e.g.①Hemusthavewaitedhereforalongtime,hasn'the?②⑴Youmusthaveinformedyourmotherofthenewsyesterda,'?⑵Youmusthaveinformedyourmotherofthenewsyesterday't?③Hemustbeverytired,isn'the?★★★★★incase 以防，万一inthatcase 假如那样的话innocase 决不inanycase=anyway 无论如何incaseof+n. 假如发92)argumentover/about 争论关于93)reachforsth. 伸出手来拿某物94)wish+(that)…e.g.与现在事实相反IwishIwereabird./IwishIcouldfly.与过去事实相反IwishIhadcomehereearlier.与将来事实相反IwishIhewould/couldgotoBeijingUniversity,evenifheisn'tverysmart.95)★★★★★whatever=anything=allthat=nomatterwhat96)★Timepermitting(允许),Iwillpayhimavisit.Workhard,andyou'llsucceed.Workinghard,you'llsucceed.willbedoing①将来进行时②表示将来，语言