张汉熙高级英语第二册词汇及短语

张汉熙高级英语第二册词汇及短语张汉熙高级英语第二册词汇及短语张汉熙高级英语第二册词汇及短语资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月张汉熙高级英语第二册词汇及短语版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：LessonOneFacetoFacewithHurricaneCamille

JosephP.Blank

词汇：

hurricane(n.):aviolenttropicalcyclonewithwindsmovingat73ormoremilesperhour，oftenaccompaniedbytorrentialrains，andoriginatingusuallyintheWestIndianregion飓风

lash(v.):movequicklyorviolently猛烈冲击；拍打

pummel(n.):beatorhitwithrepeatedblows，esp．withthefist(尤指用拳头)连续地打

course(n.):awayofbehaving；mode0fconduct行为；品行；做法

demolish(v.):pulldown．teardown，orsmashtopieces(abuilding，etc．)，destroy：ruin拉倒；打碎；拆毁；破坏；毁灭

motel(n.):ahotelintendedprimarilyforthosetravelingbycar,usuallywithdirectaccessfromeachroomtoanareaforcars汽车游客旅馆

gruff(adj.):roughorsurlyinmannerorspeech；harshandthroaty；hoarse粗暴的，粗鲁的；粗哑的。嘶哑的

batten(n.):fastenwithbattens用压条钉住(或固定)

methodically(adv.):orderly，systematically有秩序地；有条理地

main(n.):aprincipalpipe,orlineinadistributingsystemforwater,gas,electricity,etc(自来水，煤气，电等的)总管

bathtub(n.):atub，nowusuallyabathroomfixture，inwhichtotakeabath浴盆，浴缸

generator(n.):amachineforchangingmechanicalenergyintoelectricalenergy；dynamo发电机，发动机

scud(v.):runormoveswiftly；glideorskimalongeasily疾行，飞驰；掠过

mattress(n.):acasingofstrongclothorotherfabricfilledwithcotton，hair，foamrubber，etc．床垫；褥子

pane(n.):asingledivisionofawindow，etc.，consistingofasheetofglassinaframe；suchasheetofglass窗格；窗格玻璃

disintegrate(v.):separateintopartsorfragments;breakup；disunite分裂，分解，裂成碎块

blast(n.):astrongrushof(airorwind)一股(气流)；一阵(风)

douse(n.):plungeorthrustsuddenlyintoliquid；drench;pourliquidover把…浸入液体里；使浸透；泼液体在…上

brigade(n.):agroupofpeopleorganizedtofunction。。“unitinsomework(组织起来执行某种任务的)队

scramble(v.):climb，crawl，orclamberhurriedly爬行；攀(登)

litter(n.):theyoungborneatonetimebyadog，catorotheranimalwhichnormallybearsseveralyoungatadelivery(狗、猫等多产动物)一胎生下的小动物

shudder(n.):shakeortremblesuddenlyandviolently，asinhorrororextremedisgust震颤，战栗

ferocity(n.):wildforceorcruelty；ferociousness凶猛；凶恶，残忍；暴行

swipe(n.):ahard，sweepingblow[口]猛击，重击

maroon(av.):leaveabandoned，isolated，orhelpless使处于孤立无援的处境

devastate(nv.):destroy；laywaste；makedesolate毁坏,摧毁；使荒芜

swath(n.):thespaceorwidthcoveredwithonecutofascytheorothermowingdevice刈幅(挥动镰刀所及的面积)

huddle(v.):crowd，push，ornestleclosetogether。ascowsdoinastorm(如风暴中的牛群)挤成一团；拥挤；互相紧贴

slashing(a.):severe；merciless；violent严厉的；猛烈的

implore(v.):askorbegearnestly;beseech恳求，哀求，乞

bar(v.):averticallineacrossastaff，dividingitintomeasures；ameasure小节线(五线谱上的纵线把五线谱分成小节);小节

trail(v.):growgraduallyweaker，dimmer，lessdirect，etc．渐弱；渐小；渐暗

debri(复：debris)(n.):arough，brokenbitandpieceofastone，wood，glass，etc．，asafterdestruction：rubble碎片，瓦砾

sanctuary(n.):aplaceofrefugeorprotection：asylum避难所，庇护所

cedar(n.):anyofagenusofwidespreadingconiferoustreesofthepinefamily，havingclustersofneedlelikeleaves，cones,anddurablewoodwithacharacteristicfragrance雪松(属)

extinguish(v.):putout(afire，etc．)；quench；smother熄灭(火等)，灭(火)；扑灭waverv.swingorswaytoandfro；flutter摇摆；摇晃；摇曳

topple(v.):falltopforward；leanforwardasifonthepointoffalling向前倒；摇摇欲坠

leanto(n.):aroofwithasingleslope，itsupperedgeabuttingawallorbuilding；ashedwithaone—sloperoof单坡屋顶；单坡屋顶的棚

prop(v.):holdup，supportorholdinplacewithoraswithaprop支撑；维持；支持

tilt(v.):aslope；incline；slant；tip倾斜；倾侧；翘起

cower(v.):crouchorhuddleup，asfromfearorcold(因害怕或寒冷而)蜷缩；退缩

slant(v.):inclineorturnfromadirectlineorcourse,esp,onethatisperpendicularorlevel；slope(使)倾斜；(使)变歪

hinge(v.):equipwithorattachbyahinge靠铰链转动(或附着)

diminish(v.):reduceinsize.degree，importance,etc.；lessen使变小；减少，缩减

thrust(n.):asudden，forcefulpushorshove猛推

strew(v.):spreadabouthereandtherebyorasbysprinkling：scatter．bescatteredordispersedover(asurface)撒(布)；散播；被撒满(表面)

festoon(v.):adornorhangwithflowers,leave,paper,etc．饰以(或悬挂)花彩，结彩于

coil(v.):windaroundandaround成卷状；盘绕•卷

spaghetti(n.):pasteintheform。flong，thinstrings,cookedbyboilingorsteamingandservedwithasauce细条实心面

salvation(n.):asaving0rbeingsavedfromdanger,evil，difficulty，destruction。etc．；rescue救助•拯救；援救

canteen(n.):aplacewherecookedfoodisdispensedtopeopleindistress，asinadisasterarea(在灾区给灾民分配熟食的)赈灾处

staffer(n.):amemberofastaff职员

rake(v.):scrapeorsweep；moveforwardswiftly掠过；急速穿过；迅速向前移动

rampage(v.):rushviolentlyorwildlyabout横冲直撞

pitch(v.):[colloq]settoworkenergetically[口]拼命干起来，开始大干特干

wreckage(n.):theremainsofsomethingthathasbeenwrecked残骸；漂浮物

salvage(v.):saveorrescuefromshipwreck,fire，flood,etc．雷救•抢救；打捞

wrath(n.):intenseanger；rage；fury愤怒；暴怒；勃然大怒

theblues:[colloq]adepressed．unhappyfeeling[口]沮丧；忧郁

afflict(v.):causepainorsufferingto；distressverymuch使痛苦，使苦恼．折磨

weld(v.):unite(piecesofmetal，etc．)byheatinguntilmoltenandfusedoruntilsoftenoughtohammerorpresstogether焊接；熔接

reflect(v.):thinkseriously；contemplate认真思考；沉思

短语：

reasonout:tofindoutanexplanationorsolutiontoaproblem，bythinkingofallthepossibilities寻找解决途径

例：Let’sreasonthisoutinsteadofquarrelling．让我们不要争吵，商量出事情的解决方案

agood:atleast，full至少，最少

例：Theywaitedagoodeighthours他们等了至少8个小时。

sitout:stayuntiltheendof坐到结束

例：Weforcedourselvestosittheplayout．我们强迫自己坐到演出结束。

comeby:tomakeashortvisittoaplaceonone’sway顺便拜访

例：I’llcomebythehouseandgetmystufflater，OK我会顺便过来取材料，好吗

bytheminute:everyminute，minutebyminute一分钟一分钟地

例：I’mfeelingbetterbytheminute．我每分钟都感觉好多了。

onthevergeof:ontheedgeof，onthebrinkof接近于，濒临于

例：Scientistsareonthevergeofamajorbreakthrou曲．科学家们即将取得一项重大突破。

breakapart:breakupintopiecesdisintegrate裂开，分裂解散

例：Thegroundsbrokeapartinearthquake．地面在地震时裂开了。

breakup:tobreakormakesthbreakintomanysmallpieces分裂

例：Theicewillbreakupwhenthewarmweathercomes.天气转暖，冰层就会破裂。

comethrough:tocontinuetolive，exist，bestrong，orsucceedafteradifficuhordangeroustime经历过……仍活着，经历，脱险

例：Johnwassoiubuthewasluckytocomethrough．约翰病得很厉害，依然活着算是很幸运的了。

pitchin:tosettoworkenergetically拼命于起来，开始大干特干

例：Ifwepitchin，wewillhaveitfinishedinnotime．我们如果拼命干活，就会马上做完LessonTwoMarrakech

GeorgeOrwell

词汇：

thread(v.):passthroughbytwisting，turning，orweavinginandout穿过，通过

pomegranate(n.):aroundfruitwithared，leatheryrindandmanyseedscoveredwithred，juicy，edibleflesh；thebushorsmalltreethatbearsit石榴；石榴树

chant(n.):asimpleliturgicalsonginwhichastringofsyllablesorwordsissungtoeachtune(礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌

bier(n.):aplatformorportableframeworkonwhichacoffinorcorpseisplaced棺材架；尸体架

hack(v.):breakup(1and)withahoe，mattock，etc．(用锄等)翻地，挖(土)

oblong(adj.):longerthanbroad；elongated长方形的

lumpy(adj.):fulloflumps；coveredwithlumps多块状物的；凹凸不平的

hummocky(a.):fulloforlookinglikelow，roundedhills布满小丘的；似小圆丘的

derelict(adj.):desertedbytheowner；abandoned；forsaken无主的；被遗弃的

lot(n.):aplotofground一块地

undifferentiated(adj.):withoutclearqualitiesordistinctivecharacteristics无区别的；无显著特点的

mound(n.):aheaporbankofearth，sand，etc．builtoveragrave，inafortification，etc．土堆；堤；坟堆

prickly(adj.):fullofprickles多刺的

pricklypear:anyofagenusofcactusplantshavingcylindricalorlarge，flat，ovalstemjointsandediblefruits仙人掌(属)

bumpy(adj.):fullofbumps；rough；jolting崎岖不平的；颠簸的；震摇的

gazelle(n.):anyofvarioussmall，swift，gracefulantelopes瞪羚

hindquarter(n.):eitherofthetwohindlegsandtheadjoiningloinofacarcassofveal，beef，lamb，etc．；[p1.]thehindpartofafour—leggedanimal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉；[复](四肢动物的)后躯

nibble(v.):takesmall，cautious，orgentlebites小口地咬；谨慎地咬(啃)

butt(v.):strikeorpushwiththeheadorhorns：ramwiththehead(用头或角)撞击；顶撞

mid—air(n.):anypointinspace，notincontactwiththegroundorothersurface空中；上空

navvy(n.):nunskilledlaborer，asoncanals，roads，etc．劳工；无特殊技术的工人

sidle(v.):movesideways，esp．inashyorstealthymanner(羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走

stow(v.):packorstoreaway；fillbypackinginanorderlyway装载；装进；收藏municipalityn．acity，town.etc．havingitsownincorporatedgovernmentforlocalaffairs自治市(或镇)

ghetto(n.):(incertainEuropeancities)asectiontowhichJewswereformerlyrestricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区

sore(adj.):givingorfeelingphysicalpain；painful疼痛的；感到疼痛的

skull—cap(n.):alight，closefitting，brimlesscap，usuallywornindoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽

infest(v.):overrunorinhabitinlargenumbers，usuallysoastobeharmfulorbothersome；swarminorover(虫害等)侵扰；骚扰；蔓延

booth(n.):astallforthesaleofgoods，asatmarketsorfairs(市场或集市上的)货摊；摊店，摊棚

prehistoric(adj.):pertainingtoancienttimes，veryold-fashioned老式的；古旧的

warp(v.):becomebentortwistedoutofshape变弯曲；变歪

frenzied(adj.):fullofuncontrolledexcitement疯狂的，狂乱的

clamour(v.):makealoudconfusednoiseorshout；cryout喧嚷，喧嚣，吵闹

grope(v.):feelorsearchaboutblindly，hesitantly，oruncertainly摸索；探索

self-contained(adj.):havingwithinoneselforitselfallthatisnecessary；self-sufficient，asacommunity自给自足的

witchcraft(n.):thepowerorpracticesofwitches:blackmagic；sorcery巫术；魔法

square(adj.[colloq.]):satisfying；solid；substantial[口]令人满意的；充实的

conspicuous(adj.):attractingattentionbybeingunexpected，unusual，outstanding惹人注目的，显眼的

grove(n.):orchard果园

legionnaire(n.):amemberofalegion军团的成员

back—breaking(adj.):requiringgreatphysicalexertion；verytiring费劲的；辛苦的，累人的

desolate(adj.):uninhabited；deserted荒无人烟的，荒凉的

lucerne(n.):atypeofplantwhoseleavesgrowingroupsofthreeandwhichisusedforfeedingfarmanimals紫花苜蓿

fodder(n.):gorsefoodforcattle，horses，sheep，etc.ascornstalks，hayandstraw(牛、马、羊的)粗饲料；饲草

yoke(v.):putayokeon；jointogether；link用轭连起；连合；连结

harrow(n.):aheavyframewithspikesorsharp—edgeddisks，drawnbyahorse0rtractorandusedforbreakingupandlevelingplowedground，coveringseeds，rootingupweeds，etc．耙

furrow(n.):anarrowgroovemadeinthegroundbyaplow沟，畦；犁沟

trickle(n.):theactoftrickling；aslow，smallflow滴，淌；细流；

subsoil(n.):thelayerofsoilbeneaththesurfacesoil底土，下层土，

mummify(v.):shrivelordryup干瘪；枯干；成木乃伊状

hobble(v.):gounsteadily，haltingly，etc．蹒跚

leathery(adj.):1ikeleatherinappearanceortexture.toughandflexible(外观或质地)似皮革的；坚韧的，粗硬的

infuriate(v.):causetobecomeveryangry；enrage(使)发怒，激怒

damnably(adv.):execrably该诅咒地；极坏地

packsaddle(n.):asaddlewithfasteningstosecureandbalancetheloadcarriedbyapackanimal驮鞍

bridle(n.):aheadharnessforguidingahorse马勒

halter(n.):arope，cord，strap，etc．，usuallywithaheadstall，fortyingorleadingananimal；abitlessheadstall，withorwithoutaleadrope缰绳；(马)笼头

gut(n.[usu．inp1.]):thebowels；entrails[常用复]内脏

plight(n.):conditionorstateofaffairs；esp，now,anawkward．sad，ordangeroussituation情况；状态；(现尤指)苦境；困境或险境

gall(v.):injureormakesorebyrubbing；chafe擦伤，擦痛；磨

stork(n.):anyofafamilyoflarge，long—legged，mostlyold—worldwadingbirds．havingalongneckandbill，andrelatedtotheherons鹳

reach-me—down(adj．[colloq.]):second—handorready—made(衣服)用旧的；别人用过的；现成的

khaki(adj.):madeofkhaki(cloth)卡其(布)制的

squash(v.):forceone’sway；squeeze挤进，挤入

slump(v.):haveadroopingpostureorgait低头弯腰(而行)；消沉

inquisitive(adj.):inclinedtoaskmanyquestionsorseekinformation；eagertolearn好询问的；好奇的

syphilis(n.):aninfectiousvenerealdisease，causedbyaspirocheteandusuallytransmittedbysexualintercourseoracquiredcongenitally梅毒

garrison(n.):troopsstationedinafortorfortifiedplace驻军；卫戍部队

charger(n.):ahorseriddeninbattleoronparade战马,军马

短语：

squaremeal:

acompleteandsatisfyingmeal美餐丰盛的、令人满足

inacloud:

alargenumberofsmallthingsmovingthroughtheairasamass一团

例：acloudoflocusts一群蝗虫

getat:

toapproachorreach到达，得到

例：Youhavetousealittleladdertogetatthejarsonthetopshelves．你得使用一把小梯才可以拿到架子上面的坛子。

nextdoorto:

almostthesameas几乎

例：Leavingamantodieisnextdoortomurder．让一个人等死无异于谋杀。

inthisconnection:

whilespeakingofsuchthings关于这一点，就此而论

itdoesn’tmattertwopence:

itdoesn’tmatterabit无关紧要

例：Itdoesn’tmattertwopenceifhedoesn’taccepttheinvita-tion．他接不接受邀请都不要紧。lesson3PubTalkandtheKing'sEnglish

词汇(Vocabulary)

intricate(adj):hardtofolloworunderstandbecausefullofpuzzlingparts，details，orrelationships错综复杂的；难以理解的，难懂的

indulge(v.):givewaytoone’sowndesire尽情享受；从事于

meander(v.):wanderaimlesslyoridly；ramble漫步；闲逛

conversationalist(n.):apersonwhoconverses；esp．，onewhoenjoysandisskilledatconversation交谈者；(尤指)健谈者

anecdote(n.):ashort，entertainingaccountofsomehappening，usuallypersonalorbiographical轶事，逸事

intimate(n.):aclosefriendorcompanion密友，知己

ontherocks[colloq．]:inorintoaconditionofruinorcatastrophe(婚姻)破坏的；失败的

musketeer(n.):(formerly)asoldierarmedwithamusket火枪手

delve(v.):investigateforinformation；search发掘；调查(研究)

recess(n.):asecluded，withdrawn，orinnerplace幽深处

desultorily(adv.):aimlessly；atrandom随意地；无目的地

alchemy(n.):anearlyformofchemistry，whosechiefaimsweretochangebasermetalsintogold：amethodorpoweroftransmutation;esp.theseeminglymiraculouschangeofathingintosomethingbetter炼金术；变化物质的方法或魔力

tart(adj.):sharpintaste；sour；acid辛辣的；尖酸的；刻薄的

convict(n.):apersonfoundguiltyofacrimeandsentencedbyacourt罪犯

churl(n.):afarmlaborer；peasant农民；庄稼人，乡下人

rift(n.):anopenbreakinapreviouslyfriendlyrelationship分裂；失和

scamper(v.):runorgohurriedlyorquickly急驰，快跑

rendering(n.):atranslation翻译

bilingual(adj.):of，inorusingtwolanguages(用)两种语言的

intercept(v.):seizeorstopontheway，beforearrivalattheintendedplace拦截；截断；截击。

abuse(v.):usewrongly；useinsulting，coarseorbadlanguage；scoldharshly滥用；辱骂，口出恶言

coin(v.):makeup；devise；invent(anewword，phrase，etc．)编造；杜撰(新词、新短语等)

tussle(v.):fight，struggle，contend，etc．vigorouslyorvehemently斗争，搏斗；竞争

dandelion(n.):anyofseveralplantsofthecompositefamily，commonlawnweedswithjaggedleaves，oftenusedasgreens，andyellowflowers蒲公英(属)

pejorative(adj.):disparagingorderogatory轻蔑的；贬低的

facetious(adj.):jokingortryingtobejocular，esp．atanimappropriatetime滑稽的；诙谐的；(尤指在不适当的时候)开玩笑的

underling(n.):apersoninasubordinateposition；inferiordisparaging(通常作蔑词)下属；

edict(n.):anofficialpublicproclamationororderissuedbyauthority；decree法令；命令；布告

immune(adj.):exemptfromorprotectedagainstsomethingdisagreeableorharmful不受影响的；可避免的

ultimatum(n.):afinalofferordemand，esp．byoneofthepartiesengagedinnegotiations，therejectionofwhichusuallyleadstoabreakinrelationsandunilateralaction，theuseofforceetc．bythepartyissuingtheultimatum最后通牒

chimpanzee(n.)anthropoidapeofAfrica，withblackhairandlarge，outstandingears(非洲)黑猩猩

短语(Expressions)makeapoint:

explainfullywhatoneisproposing充分解释

例：Allfight，you’vemadeyourpoint；nowkeepquietandlettheotherssaywhattheythink．好啦，你已经把话说清楚了；那就别说了，让别人谈谈看法。

inaflash:

suddenly，veryquickly转瞬间，立刻

例：Justwaithere．I’ubebackinaflash．就在这儿等我，我马上就回来。

ontherocks:

(colloq．)inorintoaconditionofruinorcatastrophe(婚姻)破坏的，失败的

例：Tim’smarriageisontherocks．提姆的婚姻亮起了红灯。

getoutthebedonthewrongside:

tobecrossorgrouchy早晨起来便心情不好

laydown:

toassertordeclare声明，颁布

例：Theregulationslaydownarigidprocedureforcheckingsafetyequipment．法令规定了一套严格的安检程序。

onwings:

inflight；continuallymovingabout像飞一样地，飘飘然

例：Thebirdsareonwingsinthesky．鸟儿在空中展翅高飞。

turnupone’snoseat:

tosneerat，scorn嘲笑，轻蔑

例：Thechildrenturneduptheirnosesatmyhomecooking．孩子们嘲笑我的厨艺。

intheshoesof:

inanother’sposition站在别人的立场上，设身处地

例：I’mgladI’mnotinhisshoeswithallthosedebtstopayoff．我庆幸不用像他那样去偿还所有的债务。

comeintoone’sown:

toreceivewhatproperlybelongstoone，esp．acclaimorrecognition得到自己该得的东西，如荣誉或世人的口碑

situp:

(colloq．)to。becomesuddenlyalert；besurprisedorstartled吃惊，警觉

例：Icalledheradamnedhypocriteandthatmadehersitup．我骂她惺惺作态，她马上警觉起来。LessonFourInauguralAddress词汇：

inaugural(adj.):ofaninauguration就职(典礼)的

signify(v.):beasignorindicationof；mean表明；意味

almighty(adj.):havingunlimitedpower；all—powerful有无限权力的；全能的

forebear(n.):anancester祖先，祖宗

prescribe(v.):setdownasaruleordirection；order；ordain；direct命令；指示；规定，订立

generosity(n.):thequalityofbeinggenerous慷慨；宽宏大量

heir(n.):personwhoappearstogetsometraitfromapredecessororseemstocarryoninhistradition继承者；后嗣

foe(n.):enemy；opponent敌人

undoing(n.):theactofbringingtoruin，disgrace，ordestruction毁灭；破坏

atodds:indisagreement；quarreling意见不一致；有争执

asunder(adv.):intopartsorpieces分成碎片；分散

prey(n.):apersonorthingthatfallsvictimtosomeoneorsomething牺牲品；掠夺品

subversion(n.):asubvertingorbeingsubverted．ruin颠覆(活动)；破坏

sovereign(adj.):independentofallothers独立自主的

outpace(v.):surpass；exceed在速度上超过；胜过

invective(n.):aviolentverbalattack．strongcriticism，insults,curses,etc.;vituperation抨击；辱骂，谩骂

shield(n.):anypersonorthingthatguards，protects，ordefends;protection保护人；防护物；保护

writ(n.):aformallegaldocumentorderingorprohibitingsomeaction命令；律令；文书；传票

adversary(n.):apersonwhoopposesorfightsagainstanother;opponent；enemy对手，反对者；敌手，敌方

anew(adv.):again重新，再

unleash(v.):releasefromorasfromaleash(解开皮带以)释放

engulf(v.):swallowup；overwhelm吞没，淹没，压倒

civility(n.):politeness．esp.inamerelyformalway礼貌，客气

belabor(v.):talkaboutatunnecessarylength唠唠叨叨地反复讲

formulate(v.):puttogetherandexpress(atheory．plan,etc.)asystematicway系统地阐述(或提出)(理论、计划等)

tap(v.):drawupon；makeuseof开发、发掘

heed(v.):paycloseattentionto；takecarefulnoticeof注意,留神，留心

beachhead(n.):apositionestablishedbyinvadingtroopsonanenemyshore；apositiongainedasasecarestartingpointforanyaction；foothold滩头堡，登陆场；立足点

endeavor(n.):anearnestattemptoreffort努力，尽力

testimony(n.):anyformofevidence，indication.etc.；proof证明，证据

embattle(v.):[常用于被动语态]prepare，array，orsetinlineforbattle使准备战斗，使严阵以待

tribulation(n.):greatmiseryordistress,asfromoppression；deepsorrow苦难；困苦；忧伤

forge(v.):moveforwardsteadily，asifagainstdifficulties;form；produce(似乎迎着困难)稳步前进；形成；结成

alliance(n.):acloseassociationforacommonobjectiveasofnations，politicalparties，etc．联盟，联合，同盟

短语：

atissue:

indispute；tobedecided；atvariance；indisagreement意见不一致

例：Whatisatissueistheextenttowhichexamresultsreflectastudent’sability.意见的分歧之处在于考试对于学生能力的影响程度。

atodds:

indisagreement；quarrelling；antagonistic意见不一致，有争执

例：IHewasatoddswithhiscolleagues．他与同事意见不合。

eastoff:

todiscard；abandon；disown丢弃，摆脱

例：Ahavenoftranquilitywhereyoucancastoffthestrainsandstressoflife．一个可以摆脱生活重负的宁静港湾

beyonddoubt:

certainly毫无疑问

例：Shewasbeyonddoubtoneofthefinestswimmersintheschool．毫无疑问，她在学校里游泳游得最棒。LessonFiveLoveisaFallacy

MaxShulman

词汇(Vocabulary)

fallacy(n.):afalseormistakenidea，opinion，etc.；error谬论，谬见；错误

enterprising(adj.):fullofenergyandinitiative；willingtoundertakenewprojects有进取心的；充满首创精神的；有胆量的

unfetter(v.):freefromfetters；freefromrestraintofanykind；liberate除掉…的脚镣；解放；使获得自由

limp(adj.):1ackingorhavingloststiffness；flaccid；drooping，wilted柔软的

flaccid(adj.):hanginginloosefoldsorwrinkles：softandlimp；flabby不结实的；松驰的；松软的

spongy(adj.):oforlikeasponge；softandporous海绵(状)的；柔软有弹性的

pedantic(adj.):oforlikeapedant迂腐的，书呆子气的

trauma(n.):apainfulemotionalexperience，orshock．oftenproducingalastingpsychiceffectandsometimesaneurosis(精神)心灵创伤

calculating(adj.):shrewdorcunning.esp.inaselfishway；scheming精明的；(尤指)专为自己打算的；有算计的

perspicacious(adj.):havingkeenjudgementorunderstanding；acutelyperceptive聪颖的；敏锐的

astute(adj.):havingorshowingacleverorshrewdmind：cunning；crafty；wily聪明的，敏锐的；精明的；狡猾的

dynamo(n.):generator发动机

scale(n.):eitheroftheshallowdishesorpansofabalance秤盘；天平盘

penetrating(adj.):sharp；piercing锐利的

scalpel(n.):asmall，light，straightknifewithaverysharpblade，usedbysurgeonsandmanatomicaldissections解剖刀，手术刀

faddist(n.):apersonwhofollowsfads赶时髦的人

fad(n.):acustom，style，etc．thatmanypeopleareinterestedinforashorttime；passingfashion；craze一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热

craze(n.):somethingthatiscurrentlythefashion；fad一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦

acme(n.):thehighestpoint；pointofculmination顶点，极点

appendicitis(n.):inflammationofthevermiformappendix阑尾炎

laxative(n.):anylaxativemedicine；mildcathartic轻泻药；通便剂

raccoon(n.):asmall，tree—climbing,chieflyflesh—eatingmammal浣熊

mumble(v.):speakorsayindistinctlyandinalowvoice；mutter喃喃地说；含糊地说

temple(n.):eitheroftheflatsurfacesalongsidetheforehead，infrontofeachear太阳穴，鬓角

incredulous(adj.):unwillingorunabletobelieve;doubting；skeptical不相信的；怀疑的

unsanitary(adj.):notclean；harmfultohealth不卫生的；对健康有害的

shed(v.):shedanaturalgrowthorcovering，ashair(毛发等)脱落

unsightly(adj.):notsightly；notpleasanttolookat；ugly不美观的；难看的；丑陋的

swim(n.):currentfashion潮流，时髦／砌theswimconformingtothecurrentfashion赶时髦

gear(n.):aspecificadjustment0fatoothedwheel(汽车等的)排挡

narrowly(adv.):closely；carefully；thoroughly仔细地；严密地

attic(n.):theroomorspacejustbelowtheroofofahouse；garret顶楼，阁楼

covet(v.):wantardently；longforwithenvy垂涎；觊觎

cerebral(adj.):appealingtotheintellectratherthantheemotions；intellectural理智的；凭理智行事的

pin—up(adj.[colloq．]):designatingagirlwhosesexualattractivenessmakesherasubjectforthekindofpicturesoftenpinneduponwalls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的

proportions(n.):1ines；shapeofthebody线条；身材

making(n．[ofteninp1．]):thematerialorqualitiesneededforthemakingordevelopmentofsomething[常用复]素质；内在因素

carriage(n.):conduct；behaviour；posture行为；举止；姿态

bearing(n.):wayofcarryingandconductingoneself：carriage；manner举止，风度，姿态

breeding(n.):goodupbringingortraining良好的教养(或培养)

exquisite(adj.):verybeautifulorlovely，esp．inadelicateorcarefullywroughtway优美的，高雅的，精致的

specialty(n.):anarticlecharacterizedbyspecialfeatures，superiorquality，novelty,etc．特产；特制品

gravy(adj.):thejuicegivenoffbymeatincooking肉汁，调味汁

dipper(n.):along—handledcuporsimilarcontainerfordipping长柄杯或类似容器

sauerkraut(n.):choppedcabbagefermentedinabrineofitsownjuicewithsalt泡菜

veer(v.):changedirection：shift；turnorswingaround改变方向；转向；变向

gamy(adj.):havingastrong，tangyflavorlikethatofcookedgame；stronginsmell有猎物气味的；气味强烈的

HolyToledoadj.[colloq.]):excellent[口]好极了

reverent(adj.):feeling。showing，orcharacterizedbyreverence恭敬的；虔诚的

greasy(adj.):smearedwithorcontaininggrease涂(或含)有油脂的；油污的

pelt(n.):theskinofafur—bearinganimal，esp.afterithasbeenstrippedfromthecarcass毛皮；生皮

canny(adj.):carefulandshrewdinone’sactionsanddealings；cleverandcautious谨慎的；机警的；精明的

waif(n.):apersonwithouthomeorfriends，esp．ahomelesschild流浪汉；无家可归者；(尤指)流浪儿

swivel(v.):turnon旋转

wax(v.):growgraduallylarger；increaseinstrength，lntensity，volume．ere．渐渐变大；增加

wane(v.):become．1essintense，strong，bright，etc．变弱；减少

kick(n.[colloq.]):pleasure高兴，兴奋

loom(v.):appear，orcomeinsightindistinctly隐约出现

dimension(n.):extent，size，ordegree}scope体积，容积，面积；范围，规模；方面

tryst(n.):anappointmenttomeetataspecifiedtimeandplace，esp。onemadesecretlybylovers约会；幽会

wince(v.):shrinkordrawbackslightly，usuallywithagrimace．asinpain，embarassment,etc．(因疼痛、窘迫等)畏缩；退缩

tug(v.):pullhard；drag；haul用力拉，拖，拖曳

desist(v.):cease；stop；abstain停止

contrite(adj.):feelingdeepsorroworremorseforhavingsinnedordonewrong；penitent懊悔的；忏悔的

premise(n.):apreviousstatementorassertionthatservesasthebasisforanargument(尤指逻辑)前提

chirp(v.):speakinalively，shrillway嘁嘁喳喳地说

deposit(v.):put，layorsetdown放下，搁下

glum(adj.):feelingorlookinggloomy，sullen忧郁的，闷闷不乐的

ember(n.[usu．inp1.]):thesmolderingremainsofafire[常用复]余烬,余火

smolder(v.):burnandsmokewithoutflame；beconsumedbyslowcombustion闷烧；熏烧

fraught(adj.):filled，charged，orloaded充满…的；蕴含…的

blubber(v.):weeploudly,likeachild(小孩般)大声哭

analogy(n.):anexplainingofsomethingbycomparingitpointbypointwithsomethingsimilar类比

brief(n.):aconcisestatementofthemainpointsofalawcase，usuallyfiledbycounselfortheinformationofthecourt诉讼摘要；辩护状

blueprint(n.):aphotographicreproductioninwhiteonabluebackground，asofarchitecturalorengineeringplans(建筑或工程设计用的)蓝图

hypothesis(n.):anunprovedtheory，proposition，supposition，etc．tentativelyacceptedtoexplaincertainfactsortoprovideabasisforfurtherinvestigation，argument，etc．假设；前提

yummy(adj.):[echoicofasoundmadeinexpressingpleasureatataste][colloq．]verytasty；delectable；delicious[表示享受美味的象声词][口]美味的，可口的

chunk(n.):ashort，thickpiece，asofmeat，wood，etc．一厚块(肉、木头等)

pitchblende(n.):abrowntoblacklustrousmineral，themassivevarietyofuraninite沥青铀矿

fracture(v.[Am．slang]):causetoreactwithenthusiasm[美俚]使着迷

gurgle(v.):makeabubblingsoundinthethroat，asacontentedbabydoes(婴儿高兴时)发咯咯声

notorious(adj.):widelybutunfavorablyknownortalkedabout声名狼藉的，臭名昭著的

indignation(n.):angerorscornresultingfrominjustice,ingratitude,ormeanness;righteousanger愤慨，义愤

exultant(v.):exulting；triumphant；jubilant狂欢的；欣喜的；兴高采烈的

hamst