欧洲文化入门课程教学大纲

欧洲文化入门课程教学大纲（适用对象：英语专业本科一年级）一、 说明（一） 课程简介：本课程是为英语专业学生基础阶段开设的文化选修课，旨在通过重点介绍欧洲的文化历史、文化传统，宗教信仰、风俗习惯和语言发展，帮助大学生拓展有关欧洲文化历史发展的知识，提高阅读英文书刊和同英语国家人士交往的能力， 以及对于当今国际社会的政治、经济和文化现象进行分析的能力，从而激发他们的兴趣，为进一步学习打下基础。授课形式以讲为主，抓住重点，分清主次，了解大概，忽略细节。（二） 编写依据：根据2000年教育部批准实施的《高等学校英语专业英语教学大纲》，英语专业的学生需要了解与英语国家的文化历史、文化传统，宗教信仰、风俗习惯和语言发展相关的知识，进一步扩大知识面，增强对文化差异的敏感性，提高综合运用英语进行交际的能力。（三） 目的任务：本课程主讲教师建立所授课程的教学网页， 向学生提供相关的电子教案、课程内容和网络链接，努力帮助学生实现课前阅读、课堂讨论、课后自选专题进行个性化网上扩展阅读，就当今世界东西方文化碰撞所导致的政治、经济、军事等方面的矛盾，以史为鉴，进行思考和分析，然后完成小论文，从而逐步培养他们的思辨能力。（四） 课程类别：专业选修课二、 教学安排与学时分配表第一章：文化的定义，文化的类型，欧洲文化的源头与特点。教学用 4学时。第二章：古希腊文化：历史背景、社会政治结构、文化构成、文化影响。教学用2学时。第三章：古罗马文化：历史背景、社会政治结构、文化构成、文化影响。教学用2学时。第四章：犹太教-基督教文化：犹太教与基督教的异同、圣经的形成与影响。教学用4学时。第五章：旧约：文本选读、历史意义与神学意义。教学用2学时。第六章：新约：文本选读、历史意义与神学意义。教学用 2学时。第七章：中世纪文化：历史特征、教会发展、科学文学艺术建筑。教学用4学时。第八章：文艺复兴：社会经济基础、人文主义、文学艺术。教学用 4学时。第九章：宗教改革：特点与意义、罗马天主教、希腊正教、基督新教。教学用 4学时。第十章：启蒙运动的历史背景与成就、古典主义与浪漫主义、法国革命。教学用4学时。第十一章：马克思主义、达尔文主义、现实主义、自然主义、现代主义。教学用4学时。学时、教学安排教学基本内容授课讨论习题实践小计第一章欧洲文化的源头与特点44第二章古希腊文化22第三章 古罗马文化22第四章犹太教-基督教文化44第五章 旧约22第六章 新约22第七章 中世纪文化44第八章 文艺复兴44第九章 宗教改革44第十早 启蒙运动44第十一章19世纪政治思潮44合计（学时数）3636三、教学内容与知识点第一章GeneralIntroductiontotheCourse知识点：TheMediterraneanCivilizationandthedevelopmentoftheWesternCivilization；Historyasamirror;Literatureasamirror;Languageasamirror，acarrierofculture；BroadsenseofCulture;Culturalawarenessandtheabilityofdiscovery,analysis,solution--thinkingandexpressinginEnglish;Waysoflearningculture;TheIraqiwar andAmericanunilateralism;Theimageofpagangods;TheimageofChristianGod;BuddhismandDaoisminChina;10.Scientificsocialism andsocial-democratism;第二章GreekCulture知识点：AncientGreece:1).Definition;2).Primeofthecivilization:freedomofself-governmenttreasuredruledwithnoking;thesignificanceoflearningGreekmythology?1)GreekmythologyreflectstheGreeks 'deificationofnaturalforces;idealizationofhumanpowers;perception,interpretationandpersonificationoftheuniverse;richandcolorfultreasureoforalliterarycreationintheprimitivesociety;2)lifelikematerialstounderstandearlyhumancivilizations:modeofproduction—farming;socialstructure—matriarchal;familystructure—communalmarriage;3.itsinfluenceontheshapingoftheEuropeanculture:developmentofRomanculture;developmentofChristianculture;assubjectsforartisticcreationinpainting,sculpture,music,literature;thethreeprincipaltypesoffiguresinvolvedinGreekmythology;.thenatureofGreekgods;thenatureofGreekheroes;thefunctionsofGreekmythology;theoriginsofGreekmythology;第三章RomanCulture知识点：thenotionofRomanRepublic;thecombinationofGreco-Romanmythology;thestoryofRomulusandRemus;thestoryofAeneasaboutthefoundingofthecityofRome;HowdidRomanmythologyinspireartistsofthetime?WhatdidearlyRomansassociatetheirgodswith?functionsofgodsearlyRomanscaredabout;theimportanceofJupiter,Mars,andQuirinustotheearlyRomans;therolesofJupiter,JunoandMinervainthe6thcenturyBC;theimportanceoftheCapitolinetempleinthetimeoftheRomanRepublic;causesfortheRomanstoacceptgodsofothercultures;religiousbeliefintheGreekgodsintroducedintoRomedomesticgodsandgodsofthefieldstheRomans;conclusionofthepracticeofthereligiondevotedtomoregods;developmentoftheRomantreatmentofemperorsasgods.第四章Greco-RomanCulture知识点：thedifferencebetweentheJewishandChristianBible;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksintheJewishBible;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksintheChristianOldTestament;theroleoftheBibleinJewishandChristianreligiouslife;thesignificantfeatureintheorderingofbooksinNewTestament;thegenerallinguisticfeaturesofthepoeticworksintheOldTestament;thegeneralthemesoftheHebrewwisdompoetry;第五章OldTestament知识点：theHebrewlawsintheOldTestament;;theOldTestamentandthehistoryofIsrael;themajortheologicalthemesoftheOldTestament;thespiritualstandardsoftheOldTestament;第六章NewTestament知识点：theoriginallanguageoftheNewTestament;thefourmajortypesofliteratureinitsdocuments;HowistheNewTestamentrelatedtohistory?withstoriesofJesusandChristianchurchintimesequence;infancystoryofJesussetonthatofMosesintheOldTestament;Apostlesin12IsraelitribesandtheearlychurchthemajortheologicalthemesoftheNewTestament;mercy,God-creator;sustainerofuniverse;source/endofall;withlove,justice,judgmentandforgiveness;mercy,Jesus-asaprophetlikeMoses,thesecondAdam,theSonofGod,theeternalmediatorofcreationandredemption,aspresenceofGod,hissufferingsanddeathasGod'srelentlesslove,hisresurrectionasGod'sapprovalofhislife,death,andmessageHolyspirit-asactivepresenceofGod,whichempoweredJesus,thechurch,disciplestoservethegood;KingdomofGod-asthecentralmessageofJesusinhisministrySalvation-redemptioncoexistswithcreation;evenhostilespiritswouldbebroughtintoharmonywiththebenevolentplanofGod.Ethics-religiousbeliefconnectedwithmoralbehaviorinwardlyandinrelationtoothers,andtoGod;allinstructionsbasedontheOldTestamentasGod ';sexpectationsthespiritualstandardsoftheNewTestament;thesignificanceofthetranslationofBibleintoEnglish;第七章MiddleAges知识点：HowlongdidtheMiddleAgeslast?--AD350 -450thegreatestpoliticalfeatureoftheMiddleAges:Church/stateasone—thebeginningoftheMiddleAgesdescribedastransformationsoftheRomanworld;historicalbackgroundsofthebirthofChristianity;theparticularsymbolicsignificanceoftheChristianGodasagainstthepagangods;historicalbackgroundsofthebirthoftheByzantine,Islamandthewest:(one-Godbelief)TheRomanEmpiregrewtoolargetocontrolbyoneemperorandtoresistthePersiansandGermans;TheemperorassimilatedGermans.Itswesternhalfcametofragmentintosmallerandweakerkingdoms.theirparticularfeatures:Tradecenter;centralizedpower;thrivingtrade;centralizedpower;poor:citiesdepopulatedandland,unproductive;fragmentedpower;theircommonfeatures:OneGod,ruralmeans,localpower.第八章TheRenaissance知识点：WhatwerethebackgroundsoftheRenaissancehistorically?14-16C.famine,plague,war,andreligiousdissent,Latinofthechurch,oflawcourts,ofScholasticisminEurope;newbirthofancientRomanLatinfornativeliteratureasbyPetrarch,theItalianpoet,todescribeideasofhumanismandpatriotism.WhatwerethecharacteristicsoftheRenaissance?rediscoveryofClassicalLiteratureandArtasobjectsofidealbeautyorlearning,insteadofprofessionalworkoftheologians/philosophers;curiosityabouttheobjectiveworld;&interestinthemoralityofhumanactions,insteadofabstracttalksofreligiousissues;Individualism:conceptoffame&educationforoveralldevelopment;WhatinterpretationsweregivenbyscholarsoftheRenaissance?Whatweretheeconomic&socialbasisoftheRenaissance?changingeconomy:urbansociety:ruralsociety:TheInfluenceoftheRenaissance第九章ReligiousReformation知识点：WhatwerethebackgroundsoftheReligiousReformationhistorically?nationalistsentimentagainstpapaltaxationandchurchofficialscon'trolreducedthepowersofthechurch;JohnWycliffe at'tacskonpapalact,moral&intellectualstandardsofthepriests;hisBible/sermoninEnglish;greed,immorality&ignoranceofpapalofficialsputpapacytoblame;humanistideaofBible,notchurchasthesourceofreligiousauthority.WhatwerethemainresultsoftheReligiousReformation?A.power&wealthlostbythefeudalnobility/theRomanCatholicchurchpassedtothemiddleclassesandtomonarchicalrulers;B.variousregionsgainedpolitical,religious,culturalindependence;individualism/nationalisminculture&politicsdeveloped;protestantvaluejudgmentbroughtaboutdemocraticgovernments;medievalsystemofauthoritywasdestroyed;removalofreligiousrestrictionontrade/bankingstimulatedcapitalism;nationallanguages/literaturewereadvance