高中英语常用动词短语

词组专题Partone:动词短语基本要点:动词常与介词和副词、形容词、名词搭配在一起,构成短语动词。最常见的有以下几类:I、动词+介词(at,for,after,on,to,with,of,from,in,into,through,about等构成的词组,相当于一个及物动词,其宾语只能接在介词之后。Theyfinallyagreedontheplan.Thisjobcallsforskillsandpatience.Thebankwasbrokenintolastnight.We’llthinkaboutit.II、动词+副词(up,off,out,away,on,in,over,down,about,round/around等构成的词组1.一部分为不及物动词短语,不能直接加宾语,也无被动。如:breakout,comeabout,comeout2.一部分为及物的动词短语,其宾语如果是名词,可前可后;若是代词,则只能放在当中。Youcancallyourteacherup=YoucancallupyourteacherYoucancallhimup.We’llthinkitover.III.动词+副词+介词:相当于及物动词Wemustmakeupforthelosttime.我们必须弥补失去的时间。DoIhavetodoawaywithmyhabit?我是不是得除掉我的习惯?IV.动词+名词/(反身代词+介词:相当于一及物动词Heneverhelpsmewithouttryingtotakeadvantageofme.(利用Inschool,Ioftentakechargeofvariousactivities.(负责/管理一、常见介词、副词与常用动词构成的短语动词1.V+about(介词:关于:皆为及物短语动词ask/inquireabout:询问…的情况careabout:在乎;/介意;关注quarrelabout/over为…争论/争吵argueabout/over为…争论//辩论debateabout/on为/关于…辩论discussabout讨论,议论worryabout:担心concernabout:关心,挂念know/learnabout:了解readabout:读知,阅后得知talkabout:谈论hearabout:听说(=hearofcomplainabout(抱怨/投诉bringabout带来,造成thinkabout:考虑speakabout:谈到,谈论(=speakofsetaboutdoingsth着手做某事dosthabout...想办法/采取措施解决...V+about(副词:到处/四周:皆为不及物短语动词walk/goabout:四处走动moveabout:四处走,经常搬家wanderabout:漫步/徘徊hangabout:闲荡comeabout:发生lookabout/around:环顾;(商店中四处看2.V+across(介词或副词comeacross...:偶遇(=comeuponrunacross...:偶然发现/碰到cutacross:抄近路穿过/横越;影响put/get(…acrosstosb:解释/传达,使某人明白…Ittookmeanhourtogetmyintentionacrosstoher.3.V+after(介词beafter:寻求,寻找,追求go/run/chaseafter:追赶/逐lookafter:照顾takeafter:长得像;学某人的样askafter:探问/询问name...after...:以…名字命名...4.V+alongcomealong跟着一起来Willyoucomealongwithme?进展/进步Sheiscomingalongnicelyaftertheoperation.bring/take。。。along把…带来/去getalong/on相处;进展getalong/onwithsb/sth与某人相处;在...进展5.V+against(介词:argaueagainst:(发表意见反对/反驳beagainst:反对fight/struggleagainst:与…做斗争goagainst:违背,反对;对...不利Thecasemightgoagainsthim.Hewentagainsttheadviceofhiscolleaguesandresigned.turnagainst:背叛;对…采取敌对态度.Eventhosewhoareonceforhimbegintoturnagainsthim.warnagainst:警告不要,提醒提防Iwouldwarnagainstsuchanadventureprevent/guard/provideagainst预防Wehavetoprovideagainstaccidents.Theserulescanprevent/guardagainstaccidents.6V+apart(副词或形容词:分别/分开的takeapart拆开;剖析tearapart:扯/拆开,使心碎tell…apart:分别/区别setapart:区别,突出fall/comeapart:瓦解/崩溃7.V+round(副词getround传开来;四处走动ItwasnotlongbeforethenewsgotroundthatTraceywasdatingJames.getsbround:说服某人Heisdeterminedandwon’tgivein—seeifyoucangethimroundgetroundto(doingsth:终于去做/找到时间做Ihaven’eround:恢复/苏醒Poursomewateronhisfacehe'llsooncomeround.Don'tscoldtheboy;he'llcomeroundintime.改变意见Shewillnevercomeround(toourwayofthinking.(非正式的来访,到来;绕道Comeroundwhenyouhavetime.Christmaswillsooncomeround.bring..round/around(to...:使某人恢复知觉Wemanagedtobringherroundwithsomesmellingsalt.说服某人改变想法Bringhimroundtoourpointofview把话题转到...Hebroughtthediscussionroundtofootball.8.V+aside(在一边,另外put/leave/set…aside:留出/拨出以备专用;撇开/搁置一边不考虑layaside:暂放一边throwaside:抛弃asidefrom=besides除...外(还有9.V+as(介词:充当/作为serveas:充当,用作actas:扮演,充当workas:充当,担任…工作functionas:充当(…功能10.V+at(介词shout/yellat:对…叫喊knockat:敲laughat:嘲笑flyat:扑向pointat:指向/着,对准comeat:袭击,达到goat:扑向,尽力干catchat:想抓住,渴望shoot/fireat:向…开火aimat旨在;瞄准;企图targetat把…瞄准…attemptat尝试/企图;努力lookat:看stareat:盯着看;凝视glareat:怒视glanceat瞥见,看一下(浏览callatsp:访问某地dropinatsp顺便走访某地arriveat:到达;达成arriveatconclusion/agreement得出的结论/协议workat:从事,钻研wonderat:对…惊奇estimateat:估计11.V+away(副词putaway:放好/收好;储存备用;舍弃giveaway:赠送,分送;泄露turnaway:解雇;把…打发走sendaway:驱逐,解雇clearaway:清除,移走wearaway:磨掉,(时间消逝throwaway:扔掉,抛弃takeaway:拿走smoothaway:克服,消除passaway:去世/逝世goaway:走开,离开dieaway(风/声音渐息/渐弱;(树木凋零/枯萎12.V+back(副词keepback:阻挡;隐瞒;扣留holdback:忍住,抑制住bringback:拿回;使…回想起,使恢复takeback:带回;撤销/收回(说的话giveback:归还;反射(光等getback找回/取回;回来callback:回电,召回处理answerback:回嘴payback:偿还,向…报复,回报13.V+by(介词或副词:goby路过某地;时间过去passby经过某地;(时间逝去standby旁观(=lookon;准备行动;支持/忠于某人;坚持/遵守14.V+down(介词或副词turndown:调低(音量等;拒绝某人letsbdown使某人失望putdown:放下,记下,镇压note/put/takedown:记下takedown取下;记下;拆卸tear/pulldown拆毁breakdown:出毛病;破裂;崩溃;分解burndown烧毁cutdown:削减,减少;杀死,砍倒keepdown压制;控制,缩减开支holddown压制;抑制(热情等缩减slowdown使慢下来,减缓knockdown击/撞倒;拆除;使降价bringdown使降落/下降,降价godown:下降,减少;沉没godownwith生…病laydown:放下,铺设handdown:传递,遗传下来passdown:传下来falldown落下;跌到;倒塌;失败;证明是不行的diedown:渐熄calmdown平静/镇定下来settledown定居;平静下来settledownto安定下来专心于getdown:从…下来;下车;写下;使沮丧getdownto开始认真做,着手做15.V+for(介词makefor:向…前进;有利于/促进headfor驶向,走向setsailfor/setofffor向某地驶去/出发leavefor动身去某地lookfor:寻找huntfor搜索,寻找callfor:需要/要求;提倡;邀约/约请(callforsbwaitfor:等待carefor喜欢,关心applyfor请求/申请answerfor对…负责betoblamefor...应对...负责payfor偿还,赔偿standfor代表,意味着,主张,支持sendfor派人去请某人gofor:袭击;适用于;想要获得;喜爱askfor:要求/要;找某人(askforsbrunfor竞选praise/punish/scoldsbfor...因..赞扬/惩罚/责骂sbaccountfor是…的原因;解释;占据allowfor:考虑到;顾及arrangefor:安排struggle/fightfor:为…而斗争fallfor:迷恋/对…倾心;上某人的当hope/wish/longforsth:希望/渴望bedying/eager/thirtyfor...渴望16.V+forward(副词bringforward:提出;将…提前putforward提出;促进;将钟拔前pushforward:推进/继续进行Lookforward:展望未来lookforwardto(doingsth盼望,期待carryforward:推进;发扬17.V+from(介词:learnfrom:向…学习sufferfrom:遭受/忍受recoverfrom:康复/恢复hearfrom(~sb:收到某人信;有某人的消息diefrom死于…resultfrom由…引起risefrom由…引起/带来differfrom=varyfrom与…不同benefitfrom得益于datefrom:始于=datebacktooriginatefrom:起源于tell/distinguish...from...把...和...区别开来18.V+in(介词或副词succeedin(doingsth在…成功failin在…失败;在…不足/疏忽believein信任,信仰;相信…存在liein在于resultin造成/引起letin让…进入;放…出来takein接受/吸/纳;理解,领会;欺骗某人bringin引进;挣得(钱报酬等;生产/收获getin进入;收获/收割;插入(话breakin闯入;打断/插话(不及物burstin闯入;打断(不及物cutin插嘴,插入超车turnin交还/上交;检举/告发(~oneself自首;睡觉,向内拐drawin:收网checkin登记,报到givein屈服/让步(giveintosb/sthpullin车子进站;靠边停下(=pulloverhandin上交dropin顺便走访(dropinonsb/atspbringin挣得/赚;引进;生产sendin呈报,递送,提callin召集/请来,回收endin...:以…告终sharein:分担competein:参加…(竞争joinin:参加participatein:参加takepartin参加fillin:填写involve...in:...使...卷入...19.V+into(介词getinto进入,卷入lookinto窥视/观察;调查inquireinto:调杳cutinto侵犯,打断breakinto闯入;打断burstinto闯入,突然…起来(~tears/laughtersdiveinto潜入;钻研knock/runinto偶然碰到某人bump/knock/runinto撞上fallinto:分成(类/组;开始developinto:发展成turn/changeinto变成20.V+of(介词新课标第一网thinkof考虑,想到/起,认为(thinkof...as...hearof听说(=hearaboutdieof死于…dreamof/about梦见;梦想做talkof/speakof谈到/提到tellof叙述、讲述consistof(由…组成=bemadeupofapproveof:赞成/批准becomeof:..怎么样(WhatwillbecomeofTom?21.V+off(副词或介词setoff出发(=setout,引爆;引起startoff出发(=startoutringoff挂断电话takeoff脱衣;打折(take20%off,请假(take2daysoff;起飞,突然成功/盛行起来hangoff畏缩不前,迟疑showoff炫耀/卖弄;使显眼comeoff举行/进行;成功;结果(~wellgooff离开;爆炸,声音响起payoff还清债务;得到回报,获得成功cooloff变凉/冷却;冷静dropoff让某人下车breakoff折断,中断cutoff切断,断绝,截断,中断turnoff(关掉,避开;使厌烦(~sb,giveoff发出(光、声音等,散发出(气味calloff取消;制止住(~thedogputoff推迟;使打消/不想;使厌seesboff为某人送行getoff下车keepoff避开/不接近(=stay/keepawayfromsendoff派遣,解雇,送行comeoff从…掉下来pulloff脱/扯下;努力实现/赢得falloff(vt从…掉下来;(vi下降/降低22.V+on(介词或副词:geton上车takeon呈现;雇用;承担;受欢迎/流行callon拜访某人;号召/呼吁dependon依赖/靠;取决于;信任relyon依赖,依靠operateon给某人动手术workon从事/写书;影响liveon以...为主食;靠...生活insiston坚持(~doingsthagreeon就…达成一致acton对...起作用,按...行动,作用于comment/remarkon/about评论focuson集中于,以…为中心concentrateon专注于fixon:确定/选定(日期/地点等holdon别挂电话/稍等;坚持hangon不挂断walk/moveon继续前行goon发生/进行,继续catchon变得流行,理解lookon旁观;看待(~sbas…puton穿上,装出/假装;上演,增加tryon试穿pullon匆忙地穿/戴have…on穿着turnon打开,展现出catchon钩/卡/绊在…上bringon(=bringupon引起/惹来;使加速生长counton依靠;期待,指望carryon继续开展,进行下去23.V+out(副词giveoutvi用尽/精疲力竭;vt.分发,发表/布,发出(气味/热runoutvi.用光/耗尽runoutof...vt.把...用光burstout迸发;突然..起来(~laughing/cryingbreakoutvi.爆发setout出发;着手(~todosthstartout出发standout(突出;显眼stickout突出/显眼;伸出,comeout出来;长出;公开;出版;结果goout出去,熄灭,过时turnout结果是;生产workoutvi.锻炼,结果;vt..算出,解决,制订出,了解某人dieout灭绝,(习俗逐渐消失look/watchout(for...当心pullout撤离,离站(=pullawaycheckout付帐后离开dropout中途退出;辍学helpsbout帮助摆脱困难makeout理解;辨认出;编造figureout计算出;领会到actout表演出来;把…付锗行动speakout大胆/大声地说readout大声地读出来sendout放出,发送,派遣putout关熄/扑灭;生产,困扰某人handout:分发cutout切掉/裁剪出;中止leaveout省去,遗漏,不考虑bringout使显露;生产wearout:穿坏/用坏;使疲劳(=tiresboutfindout弄明白/查明;揭发tearout撕下,扯下letout发出叫喊;泄漏;放宽/大;出租carryout实施,执行tryout试验pointout指出pickout挑选出keepout把…挡在外面thinkout:想出clearout:清除,扫出kickout:解雇24.V+over(副词thinkover仔细考虑handover移交;让与takeover接任;接管;接收getover做完;痊愈/康复;克服lookover翻阅/浏览;检查goover仔细检查;复习turnover打翻;翻页/阅;移交;反复考虑runover:浏览,车压过winover:战胜;争取/说服watchover:查看,监视pullover(vi靠岸,开到路边comeover(vi上前来,顺便来访25.V+through(介词或副词lookthrough审核;浏览;看穿breakthrough突破;克服gothrough经历;仔细查看;被批准/通过cutthrough抄近路,凿穿seethrough看穿,识破livethrough:度过;经历…而不死getthrough接通电话;通过;完成;使被理解/了解(getsththrough/acrosstosbputthrough给某人接通电话;完成bringsbthrough使脱险,使渡过难关务员pullthrough恢复健康;使某人度过难关fallthrough:失败/未能实现carrythrough:完成/坚持到底26.V+to(介词listento听belongto属于replyto回答respondto对…应答/回应reactto:对…产生反应/作出回应apologizeto向某人道歉agreeto同意某事addto增加,增添stickto坚持(sticktosthturnto转向/致力于;求助于;查阅/参考cometo涉及/谈及;达到;突然想起(Sthcometosb合计,苏醒(~oneselfsthsthoccurtosb/Itoccurredtosbthat突然想起leadto通向;导致contributeto对…作贡献;促成/造成referto提到;涉及;参考/查阅(=turntoobjectto反对attendto专心于;照顾taketo喜欢;沉溺于applyto适用于appealto吸引(~sb;;呼吁/上诉;getto到达,抓住问题的要害amountto总计/共达(=addupto=cometo;等于/相当于pointto指着seeto负责/注意;关照(seetoitthat…drinkto:祝酒/为…干杯adust/adaptto:适应keepto:不离开/固守;遵守(~therightattach…to…把…附/粘在…上attachimportanceto:重视attachoneselfto依恋/接近(beattachedto:附属于,爱惜/爱慕attendto专心;照顾,护理subject...to...使…服从,使…遭到/经受...besubjectedto...受到,遭遇到,经受devote...to...奉献/致力于(bedevotedmitoneselfto献身于,致力于27.V+up(副词makeup组成/构成;虚构;补足/弥补(makeupfor…;整理/包装;和解(makeupwithsb;化妆setup建起/竖立,建立事业/成立组织;setoneselfupas自称为thinkup想出;捏造putup举起;张贴,建造;提供资金,为…提供食宿(putsbupwarmup:使变暖;热身运动doup束起/系/扣/拉上;重新整修/收拾齐整;打扮(dooneselfup;包起来/包扎pickup捡起;收听;(无意学到/买到/染上;接人/取货;增加/改善(pickupspeed/health;pickoneselfup再爬起来/振作精神takeup占据,拿起/开始从事,继续(takeupthestory/songclearup整理;消除showup揭露;露面turnup出现/露面;开大声hangup挂断电话stepup加快;促进/增加/提高speedup:加速breakup分手;破碎;分裂splitup分手/离comeup走近;上升/发芽;被提出goup上升/增长;被建起来clearup放晴standup站立;耐用/经得起;(论点、论据等站得住脚getup起床ring/callsbup给某人打电话lookup查寻/找;抬头看/尊敬;好转keepup保持/维持(体温/勇气等sendup发射;长出giveup放弃/停止cutup切碎,使受苦(cutsbupbringup培养;提出;呕吐breakup打碎,结束,驱散wakeup叫醒drawup:草拟/拟定;汲取useup用光(vteatup吃光joinup连接起来lightup照亮,点亮holdup举起,阻碍/延迟fixup:整理,安排/提供tearup撕毁,取消合同openup:打开;开拓/开发roundup赶拢,围拢mixup:弄混/拌和;混淆stayup:熬夜situp:熬夜/不睡觉digup:挖起/掘起closeup:关闭,使靠近buildup:增进/强;addup:加起来addupto...总计cheerup:使振奋28.V+with(介词agreewith同意某人;与…一致;适应disagreewith:不同意某人;和…不一致meetwith偶遇,遭受begin/startwith以…开始end/finish/closewith以…结束tobeginwith首先(插入语gowith伴随;与...相配stickwith/at坚持做/使用,忠于varywith:随着…而变化dowithout没有…也行,用不着,将就gowithout没有…也行;不吃/喝/用quarrel/debate/arguewithsb与某人吵/辩论/争论dowith处理(常与what连用dealwith应付/处理;与...交往/做生意;论及/涉及29.goahead前进,请吧,继续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有关regard...as把……看作ringback回电话ringoff挂断电话,停止讲话ringup打电话给rightaway立即,马上rightnow立即,马上runaway逃跑,失控runoutof用完saveone'slife挽救某人生命scoresof许多,大量see...off为某人送行sellout卖完,出卖sendfor派人去叫(请sendout发出,派遣sendup发出,射出sentence...todeath判处死刑separate...from...分开setdown放下setfree释放,解放setoff动身,起程;使爆发setout出发;开始setupsettledown建立创立定居,平静下来showoff炫耀sidebyside肩并肩,一起soasto以便,为的是sofar到目前为止sofaras(表示程度,范围就……,尽……solongas只要so...that太……以至于……soonerorlater迟早,早晚speedup加快速度spend...on在……花钱standfor代表,象征stopdoingsth.停止做某事stoptodosth.停下来做某事struggleagainst同……作斗争suchas例如tickto坚持takeaway拿走takeiteasy别着急,别紧张takeoff脱下,起飞takeone'stime从容,慢慢行动takeout取出takeplace发生hearms搂抱taketheplaceof取代,代替takeup占去,占据(时间、地位等talkabout谈论,议论talkof谈论,议论thedayaftertomorrow后天thedaybeforeyesterday前天themore...themore...越……就越……theotherday前几天,某日thinkabout考虑(是否去做thinkof想起,考虑;认为,看法thousandsof成千上万,几千throwaway扔掉too...to太……以至于不……tryon试穿,试试看tryout试验turndown关小,调低turnoff关掉(水、电、电视、收音机等turnon打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等turnover翻动,犁翻(土地turnup到达,来到;开大(声音upanddown上下,来回usedtosth.习惯于usedtodosth.过去常常waitfor等候,等待wakeup醒来workout算出,解决worryabout担心,烦恼wrapup包好,伪装writedown写下,记下writeto写信给……PartThree:介词与形容词及名词短语一、“系动词+过去分词/形容词+介词”bepleased/content/satisfied/dissatisfiedwith...对…(不满意bedisappointedat/in/with:对…失望beexperiencedat/in:在…有经验bepleased/surprised/amused/disappointed/delighted/terrified/shocked/amazedatsth因/对…高兴/惊奇/逗乐…be/grow/becomeinterestedin:对…感/产生兴趣beknown/recognized/referredtoas:被称为/公认为beregarded/treated/lookedon/thoughtof/consideredas被看作beknownfor:因…而闻名beknowntosb为某人所知befamousas:作为…而闻名befamousfor:因…而闻名bemadeof:由…制成(未经过大变化看得出原料bemadefrom由…制成(经过变化看不出原料bemadein:在某处制造bemadeinto被制成bemadeupof由…组成betiredof=besickof=befedupwith=beboredwith厌烦/倦betiredwith/from:因…而疲倦beabsorbedin全神贯注于/专心于belostin全神贯注于/沉湎于bebenton=beburiedin专注于/专心于beburdenedwith负担beloadedwith装载有befilledwith充满beequippedwith安装有befurnishedwith安装有,陈设有becoveredwith盖满becrowdedwith挤满bedottedwith占缀着/布满belinedwith排满beconnectedwith与…有联系beassociatedwith与…相关berelatedto与…有关bedressedin穿be/getcaughtin受困于,遭遇be/getstuckin被困于betrappedin被困于beengagedto与某人定婚beengagedin从事于,忙于be/getmarriedto与某人结婚bepreparedfor=bereadyfor准备bedevotedto致力于/奉献于;深爱着befacedwith面临belackingin缺乏be/fallshortof:短缺/缺乏benamedafter根据…命名bebasedon以…为基础beaimedat针对,以…为目标beintended/meantfor是以…为意图的,针对…的beattachedto附属于;爱惜/依恋,执着于beadmittedinto/tosp被…录取/允许进入beaccustomedto习惯于beusedto习惯于bedeterminedtodo坚决地要做某事beashamedof;对…羞愧beproudof:为…自豪(=takeprideinbeangrywithsb/beangryatsth对……感到生气bestrictwithsb/bestrictinsth对……严格bepatientwithsb与某人有耐心begood/kind/friendly/crueltosb向某人好/友好/残忍begoodfor:对…有好处befit/suitablefor:适合besuitedto:适合befreefrom:免于/没有befarfrom远离;远远不beactivein在…方面活跃/积极参加begoodat擅长beweakin差/不擅长于berichin富含/盛产behigh/lowin含…高/低beworthyofsth/beingdonebeworthsth/doing值得做某事bedying/thirsty/eager/anxiousforsth渴望beworried/anxious/concernedabout对…担心becuriousabout对…好奇beparticularabout/over讲究/挑剔becarefulof:对…小心becapableof能够becertain/sureof/about:对…有把握/确信beawareof知道beafraidof害怕/担心(beafraidtodo:不敢befondof:喜爱befullof:充满(=befilledwithbebusywith:忙于(bebusydoingsthbepopularwith/among:受…喜爱besuccessfulin:在…成功be/getcloseto:靠近besimilarto:与…相似bedifferentfrom:与…不同besimilar/differentin:在某一方面相似/不同beoppositeto:与…相反besecondto仅次于besorryfor:对…难过/对不起beabsentfrom:缺席bepresentat:出席belatefor…迟到beprovided/suppliedwith:提供有beresponsiblefor...负责betoblamefor....罪魁祸首……二、介词与名词All词组:aboveall:首先/首要firstofall:首先afterall:毕竟/终究inall:总共,总之atall:根本;到底way词组:ina/someway:在某一方面/某种程度上inmanyways:在很多方面inthisway:用这种方法,这样Inthe/one’sway:挡路,防碍ontheway(to…:在(去…的路上;即将…bywayof..:途径/经由Innoway:绝不alltheway:一直thewaytodosth/ofdoingsth:做某事的方法At词组:atatime:每次,一次atonetime:曾经/一度atahighprice:以高价Atbirth:出生时atbreakfast:早餐时atfirstsight:乍一看/初见之下Athand:在手边/附近(备用atnight/noon晚上/中午atfirst/atlast起初/最后atonce:立刻/马上atpresent:现在,目前atthecostof:以…为代价attheend/beginningof…最后/开始atthefoot/bottom/headof在