长难句教程part你只需要这一点语法知识

总体方法 为什么要分析句子 你只需要这一点语法知 句子分析程 句子层次图画 从句修 从句概 定语从 状语从 例句分 练 练习答 名词性从 主语从 例 宾语从 例 同位语从 例 练 练习答 从句综 练 平行结 并 例 练 练习答 对 例 练 练习答 比 As……as同级比 辨识过去分 例 练 练习答 短语修 例 练 练习答 as用 练 练习答 That用 练 练习答 定语从句——介词提 例 练 练习答 例 练 练习答 同位 例 练 练习答 成分错 例 练 练习答 倒 例 练 练习答 强调 例 练 练习答 综合练 综合练习答 总体方法为什么要分析句子综上，我们分析句子的目的就是：把句子拆成各个成分，确定各成分的起止，以及彼此间的关系。你只需要这一点语法知成分顺序：主谓宾的顺序是固定的3，主语在谓语前，宾语在谓语后，定语如果是形容状语位置比较灵活；平行结构：句子中某一成分有两个或两个以上就叫做平行（and、or等连词连接介词&及物动词之后一定要有名词+补充：各词性常见的12状语也可以修饰形容词，比如副词修饰形容词fundamentallydifferent，但是短语作状语主要是修饰动词IIlikesoft（v.-ing）+宾语（n.）+状语（prep.n.）Drinkingmilkinthemorningisgoodforyourhealth.ToMydreamistobeaadj.（后置定语介词短语（prep.+ThetabletonthetableisThegirldrinkingmilkonthecouchismy过去分词短语（ ）v.-ed+状语（prep.+ThepotfoundinthevillagecanbedatedbacktoTangadj.+Thetabletdifferentfromothersis【注】which/who+be+=ThetabletwhichisdifferentfromothersisThegirlwhoisdrinkingmilkonthecouchismyadv.（状语介词短语（prep.+n.）Theyareplayingontheyard.HeworkshardtorealizehisTheywenttoschool,talkingandCriticizedbyalotofpeople,themoviestillsold句子分析程；/句子层次图画从句修从句概从句和主句关系：即从句在主句中做什么成分定语从作用修饰名词（这个名词叫定语从句的先行词）that,whichwho形容词when,where,代词性的引导词要在从句中做名词性成分——主语或宾语注意：thatthat充当名词性成分，做主语或宾状语从45（可以是主句的或从句的）之前或者之后。,原因状语从句：because,sinceas,结果状语从句：so……that条件状语从句：ifonlyifwhetherunlesswhen,as,aslongas,onceprovided让步状语从句：although,though,evenif,eventhough,while,whereas,granted例句分例1．ManycriticsofFamilyBronte’snovelWutheringHeightsseeitssecondpartasacounterpointthatcommentson,ifitdoesnotreverse,thefirstpart,wherea"romantic"readingreceivesmoreconfirmation.句子阅读程ManyofFamilyBronte’snovelWutheringHeightsseeitssecondpartasacounterpoint{thatcomments[ifitdoesnotthefirst

ofsee，itssecondpartthat和谓语动词，进入找从句的附加程从句主谓：thatcomment，介词后面一定要有名词，所on的宾语，从on后出现引导词if，进入找从句的附加程序：从句主谓宾：itdoesnotreversethefirstpart),thefirstpart和后面重复于是被省略了；if，表示条件，；ififthefirstparton[wherea"romantic"readingreceivesmore

从句主谓宾：aromanticreadingreceivesmorefirstpartthefirstpart，；where开始，到句末结束； 嵌套的定语从句到句6句子层次ItssecondAItssecondAManyAACommentThefirstNotmoreFamilyBronteSnovelFamilyBronteSnovelWuthering翻[如果不是了]小说的第一部分[在第一部分一种浪漫主义的阅读得到了地确认]}。counterpoint看出强调了第二部分和第一部分的关系：1.第二部分评论了第一部分，2.第一部分比第二部分有的（more）浪漫主义。2.Intheearly1950’s,historianswhostudiedpreindustrialEurope(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)began,forthefirsttimeinlargenumbers,toinvestigatemoreofthepreindustrialEuropeanpopulationthanthe2or3percentwhocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocalmagnateswhohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks.in第一个名词或代词（前面没有介词，没有动词）in第一个名词或代词（前面没有介词，没有动词）historianswho，进入找从句的从句主谓宾：whostudiedpreindustrialEurope，括号中preindustrialEurope；whohistorians{whostudied(whichwemaydefinehereasEuropeintheperiodfromroughly1300to1800)}Intheearlyforthefirsttimeinlarge

whobeganbegan前终止；began就是谓语；beganfor逗号后出现toinvestigate不定式做宾语 moretomorepreindustrial

moreofAthanB表示 有人（population）而不是2%-3%的人；

the2or

percentwho，进入找从句的附加程序：从句主谓宾：whocomprisedelite，冒号后举例，一直到{whocomprisedthepoliticalandsocialelite:thekings,generals,judges,nobles,bishops,andlocal[whohadhithertousuallyfilledhistorybooks].}

andlocalwho2or3percent之后，从句主谓宾：whohadfilledhistory从句起止：从who开始，主谓宾都结束到句末；从句起止：从who开始，它 BegintoBeginto1stlargeSocial&political2%-HithertohistoryIntheearlyPreindustrialPreindustrial1300-翻1950年代，{研究工业化前欧洲的（1300-1800这段时间的欧洲）}历史学家开始{第一次大规模地}研究工业化前欧洲的总人口而不是2%-3%的人{这些人组成了政治和社会的精英即：国王、将军、、、主教、以及地方上的达官显贵，逻辑关moreof……than1950年代之后开始filledhistorybooks判断出正是这些精英。问Thepassagesuggeststhatbeforethe1950s,historystudyonpreindustrialEuropefailedtomakedistinctionsamongmembersofthepreindustrialEuropeanpoliticalandsocialbegantoinvestigatethemajorportionofthepreindustrialEuropeaninaccurayestimatedtheinfluenceofthepreindustrialEuropeanpoliticalandsocialconfinedtheirworktoanarrowrangeofthepreindustrialEuropean练Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests,mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanruleserningmarriage,which,thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosethey指代什么？管理的WestAfricanrules是相同的吗？它们有什么共同点？prohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin同义对应的词是？MayhavederivedMayhavederivedAllSomekindof1.Thispreferencefor3.Fromonetribalgroupto2.ThehistorianFrederickJ.Turnerwroteinthe1890’sthattheagrariandiscontentthathadbeendevelosteadilyintheUnitedStatessinceabout1870hadbeenprecipitatedbytheclosingoftheinternalfrontier——thatis,thedepletionofavailablenewlandneededforfurtherexpansionoftheAmericanfarmingsystem.precipitatetheclosingoftheinternalfrontier是什么？用句中的话解释。agrarian同义对应的词是？The

HadbeenprecipitatedTheHadThe InU.S.SinceThe1.AvailableAvailablenewNeeded2.2.Butthoseofuswhohoped,withKolb,thatKolb’snewlypublishedcompleteeditionofProust’scorrespondencefor1909wouldtheprocessingreaterdetailaredisappointed.Kolb新的版本有的细节吗hopeThoseofThoseofWith1.2.ProustscorrespondenceforIngreaterTheIsitnottyrannical,inPascal’ssense,toinsistthatthosewhoexcelin“sensitivity”or“theabilitytoexpresscompassion”meritequalwealthwiththosewhoexcelinqualities(suchas“thecapacityforhardwork”)essentialinproducingwealth?作者认为这两种人应该获得相同的吗sensitivityMeritequalwealthExcelExcelSuchEssential?Not2.Hard1.Butthesebeliefsaboutpeptidehormoneswerequestionedaslaboratoryafterlaboratoryfoundthatantiserumstopeptidehormones,wheninjectedintothebrain,bindinplacesotherthanthehypothalamus,indicatingthateitherthehormonesorsubstancesthatcross-reactwiththeantiserumsarepresent.当被注入大脑中时，antiserumstopeptidehormones会怎么样？这表明了什么？thesebeliefs？TheseAboutTheseAboutOtherAfterOtherBindBind2.Are2.AreCross-react3.injectintothe1.ThesubjectofOdysseyis“life-as-spectacle,”forreaders,divertedbyitsvariousincidents,observeitsheroOdysseusprimarilyfromwithout;thetragicIliad,however,presents“life-as-experience”:readersareaskedtoidentifywiththemindofAchilles,whosemotivationsrenderhimanotparticularlylikablehero.ForwithoutidentifyItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatthesubjectofOdysseyisconsideredas“life-as-spectacle”ItsreadersarenotabletoexperiencethelifeofitsheroItsreadersarenotrequiredtoidentifywiththeheroItsreadersareabletoseethattheheroOdysseusisquitealikableItsreadersareabletodivertavarietyofincidentsintospectacularlifeIts1.Its1.ToMaynardMaynardMacksItshero ItsheroPrimarily3.Diverted.TreTretragic

AreaskedtoAreaskedtoidentifyThemindofWhose 5.Ifshedefinesfeministcriticismasobjectiveandscientific—avalid,verifiable,inlectualmethodthatanyone,whethermanorwoman,canperform—thedefinitionnotonlyprecludesthecritic-as-artistapproach,butmayalsoimpede plishmentoftheutilitarianpoliticalobjectivesofthosewhoseektochangetheacademicestablishmentanditsthinking,especiallyaboutsexroles.Notonly……butalso连接的平行的两部分做什么成分？objective同义对应的词是？ThedefinitionimpedeItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatsomeonewhowishestochangetheacademicestablishmentanditsthinkingaboutsexroleswouldprobablyneedtorejecttheattempttodefinefeministcriticismasaverifiableinlectualprecludethecritic-as-artistqualifyitsutilitarianpoliticalexcludewomenfromperformingthecriticalInresponsetobiologistswhoquestionhoworganismspresumablyworkingfortheirownselfishendscouldhaveevolvedtobehaveinawaythatbenefitsnotonlytheplanetbuttheorganismsaswell,coolingbenefitsthealgae,whichremainattheoceansurface,becauseitallowsthecooledupperlayersoftheoceantosink,andthenthecirculatingwatercarriesnutrientsupwardfromthedepthsbelow.HowItForthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparayandselectallthatWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromtheCoolingcanbenefittheCoolingcanmakenutrientsgoupwardtotheoceanCoolingcanmakeupperlayersoftheoceantoIn couldtobehaveInapresumablyworkingfortheirownselfishThe1.TheTheThecooledupperlayersThecooledupperlayersofthecoean2.And

3.The3.ThecirculatingFromthe4.And,whileNaomiRosenblum’ssynopticHistoryofWomenPhotographerscoversthesubjectthrough1920inagenerallyusefulfashion,onceshereachesthe1920s,whenthevenues,forms,applications,andmovementsofthemediumexpandedexponentially,sheresortstoanincreasinglyterselistingofun-familiarnames,withapproachesandcareerssummarizedinasentenceortwo.OnceWhenAccordingtothepassage,theauthor’sattitudetowardthetreatmentofcharactersafterthe1920sinNaomiRosenblum’sHistoryofWomenPhotographerscanbebestdescribedasthevenues,thevenues,forms,applications,andmovementsoftheTheNaomiRosenblumssynopticHistoryof1.

ResortsResortsApproachesandsummarizedinsentenceor2.名词性从ThatsheleftforWestAfricasurprisedus.（主语从句ThenewsthatsheleftforWestAfricasurprisedus.（同位语从句）Ididn’tknowthatsheleftforWestAfrica.（宾语从句）ThesurprisingnewsisthatsheleftforWestAfrica.（表语从句thatsheleftforWestAfrica，只是放在不同的位置充当that，which，whose，thatwh-e.g.tosay. which在定语从句中做代词。注：当没有情态动词（can/maymust）（insist/command//demand 容并不是真实发生的情况，例如我要求你每天背300个单词，但是你并不一定真的做到了，所以从句要用虚拟语气——从句的谓语要用should+动词，should可以被省略直接加动词。Thejobrequiresthatyou(should)beat9o'lockeveryThejob’srequirementthatyou(should)beat9o'lockeverymorningisreasonable.Thejob’srequirementisthatyou(should)beat9o'lockeverymorning.名词性从句的虚拟语主语从it替代主语从句放在句首，把主语从句放在句尾。比如上面的例ThatsheleftforWestAfricasurprisedus.ItsurprisedusthatsheleftforWest例1．Whathighlycreativeartisticactivityproducesisnotanewgeneralizationthattranscendsestablishedlimits,butratheranaestheticparticular.从句首出现引从句首出现引导词what，进入找从句的附加程序：从句主谓宾：activityproduceswhat；从句作用引导词what，位置在句首判断是主语从句；is前结束；找谓语，isnotanewthat从句主谓宾：thattranscendsestablished从句作用：that在从句中做主语判断出是定语从句，修generalization；平逗号后面出现but，not……but……平行结构表不particular和anewgeneralization平行，thatbut isnotanew{thattranscendsestablished{Whathighlycreativeactivity句子层次××highlycreativeNewAestheticEstablished翻not……butrather表示对比关系：generalizationparticular2.Itisoneofnature’sgreatironiesthattheavailabilityofnitrogeninthesoilfrequentlysetsanupperlimitonplantgrowtheventhoughtheplants’leavesarebathedinaseaofnitrogengas.isoneofnature’s找谓语，isoneofnature’sgreat{thattheavailabilityofnitrogeninthefrequentlysetsan从句主谓宾：theavailabilitysetsanupperlimitlimitonplant从句作用：thatitit是形式主语，that从句是主语[eventhoughtheplants’leavesarebathedinaseaeventhough，进入找从句的附加程nitrogen从句主谓宾：theplantsleavesarebathedeventhough，判断是状语从句；eventhough开始，到句末结束；句子层次ArebathedArebathedEvensetsanupperlimitTheplantsTheavailabilityAseaofInPlantOneofnaturesgreatest翻逻辑关eventhough看出让步转折关系，尽管植物的叶子周围氮很多，但是土壤中的氮限制了植宾语从例1．Thecorrelationofcarbondioxidewithtemperature,ofcoursedoesnotestablishwhetherchangesinatmosphericcompositioncausedthewarmingandcoolingtrendsorwerecausedby找主语，the找主语，theofcourse语，doesnotwhether从句主谓宾：changescausedthetrendsorwerecaused；whetherestablish之后，判断or，进入找平行附加程序：or后面是动词whetherorwerecausedbyofcarbonofcourse,doesnot{whetherinatmosphericcompositioncausedthewarmingandcoolingtrendsThe句子层次OrOrwerecausedThewarming&coolingTheCOCO2翻逻辑关2.Althoughscientistsobservethatanorganism’sbehaviorfallsintorhythmicpatterns,theydisagreeabouthowthesepatternsareaffectedwhentheorganismistransportedtoanew句子分析程scientists[thatanorganism’sbehaviorfallsintorhythmicpatterns]},从句主谓宾：scientistsobserve；thatobservethatalthoughtheydisagree{howthesepatternsare找谓语，disagreeabouthow，进入找从句的附加程序：从句主谓宾：thesepatternsarehowabout[whentheorganismistransportedtoanewwhen从句主谓宾：theorganismistransported，后面to介词短语做状语；when开始，到句末结束；how开始，到句末结束；句子层次AnAnorganism FallsRhythmicTheseTheTheseThe IstransportedAnewAre翻逻辑关although看出让步转折关系，尽管科学家观察到节律模式，但是并不确定这个模式是如同位语从ThenewsthatsheleftforWestAfricasurprisedus.（同位语从句Thenewsthatweheardyesterdaysurprisedus.（定语从句newsnewsnews的一个特点——thatthat例1．Intheearlytwentiethcentury,theideathatpianistsshouldbemusician-scholarswhoseplayingreflectedthewaycomposerswantedtheirmusictosoundreplacedthenotionthatpianistsshouldbevirtuososwhoseperformancesthrilledaudienceswithemotionaldaringandshowydisplaysoftechnique.句子分析程Intheearlytwentieththe{thatpianistsshouldbe[whoseplayingreflectedthe(thatcomposerswantedtheirmusictosound)]}replacedthepianistsshouldbeperformancesthrilled

that从句主谓宾：pianistsshouldbemusician-scholars；从句作用：thatideathatwhose，进入找从句的附加程序：从句主谓宾：playingreflectedtheway；从句主谓宾：composerswantedtheirmusictothatthewaythewhosereplaced之前结束；thatreplaced之前结束；Replaced是主句的谓语，notionthat，进入找从句的附加程序：whosevirtuosos之后，判从句主谓宾：performancesthrilledaudiences，withthrilled；daring平行；从句起止：从that开始，到句末结束；withemotionaldaringandshowydisplaysof句子层次InIntheearlytwentiethTheThe Should musician- The TheirShould emotionaldaringandshowydisplaysoftechnique翻在20世纪早期钢琴家应该是[用演奏表现出作曲家想要的]音乐家}的想法取代了{钢逻辑关问Whichofthefollowingismostogoustoapianistwhoisamusician-scholar,asthattermisdescribedinthepassage?anestablishedpianistwhoreproducesBach’sTemperedClavierexactlyaccordingtoitsoriginalmusicalnotationasophisticatedpianistwhoinfuseshisowngriefintoadisplayofthesecondchapterofBeethoven’sPathetique.atalentedpianistgivingasurprisinglybravuraperformancetoVivaldi’sotherwiseConcertoinEanamateurpianistwhostumblesthroughtheentireDebussy’sClairde练Inspiteofsuchomissions,whatRosenblattdoesincludeinhisdiscussionmakesforanastuteandworthwhilestudy.What从句在主句中充当了什么成分？include反义对应的词是？RosenblattMakesMakesInspiteDoes SuchHisAnastuteandworthwhilestudyItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatahistorianwhowishedtocomparecrimeratesperthousandinaEuropeancityinonedecadeofthefifteenthcenturywithcrimeratesindecadeofthatcenturywouldprobablybemostaidedbybetterinformationaboutwhichoftheItcanbeinferredfromtheABetterWouldbemostABetterWishedto

1.in1.inaEuropeancityinonedecadeofthefifteenthCrime2.WhichoftheHotspotsprovidethemeasuringinstrumentsforresolvingthequestionofwhethertwocontinentalplatesaremovinginoppositedirectionsorwhetheroneisstationaryandtheotherisdriftingawayfromit.OrOne，theotherItHotHot1.For22continental AremovingtheIsdriftingwayThe3.2.Humangenescontaintoolittleinformationeventospecifywhichhemisphereofthebrainofahuman’s1011neuronsshouldoccupy,letalonethehundredsofconnectionsthateachneuronmakes.补充：letalonewhich从句在主句中做什么成分？which从句变成主谓宾的正常语序。 eachofa eachofahumans 1011neurons2.HumanHuman

Evento1.Let1.3.3.EachEachWhatmademattersworsewasthatitsproliferationcoincidedwithsweechangesinagricultureandamassiveshiftfromsheepfarmingtodairying.WhatCoincide表示什么关系？shiftits Amassive2.1.JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-Americanpoetryishisinsistencethatitbeyzedinareligious,aswellassecular,frameofreference.ItJeanWagnersmostJeanWagnersmost2.Hisframeof1.1.从句综从句类作位引导定语从状语从Because,if,that等主语从That,wh-,宾语从表语从同位语从在抽象名词question等）whthatthat要充当名词性成分，在状语从句和名词性从句中，that后面都有完整的句子结构。例句：Thenewsthatwaspublishedontoday’snewspapersurprisedus.定语从句，that在从句ThenewsthatsheleftforWestAfricasurprisedus.同位语从句，thatwhichTheteamwhichwinsthisgamewillgointothenextround.定语从句，which在从句中做主语。Whichteamwillwinthisgameishardtosay.主语从句，whichteam，意Cavepaintingshavebeenfoundwhichareatleast20,000yearsoldandareperhapstheoldestformofartyetdiscoveredontheearth.Whichcavepaintings。AwarmthoughtsuddenlycametomethatImightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother'sbirthday.Thatthought。知识点补充——定语从句和同位语从句位置的特殊情练Althoughthepassengerpigeons,nowextinct,wereabundantineighteenth-andnineteenth-centuryAmerica,archaeologicalstudiesattwelfth-centuryCahokiansitesinthepresentdayUnitedStatesexaminedhouseholdfoodtrashandfoundthattracesofpassengerpigeonwerequiterare.Passengerpigeons现在的情况怎么样？18,19Abundanttracesof 4.3.the18thand212thCahokianthethepresentdayUnitedStatesAcriticalconsensushasemergedthatMaryMcCarthywillberememberedprimarilyasanessayistratherthanasanovelist.Butdespiteherformidablegiftsasapolemicalanddiscursivewriter,andforallherreputationasaninlectualwhosacrificedfeelingtoinligence,whatpowersMcCarthy’sbestessaysareherfictionalratherthanstrictlyinlectualgifts.Thatessayist反义对应的词有？essayist具有哪些特点？MaryWillMaryWillbeprimarilyRatherAcriticalA1.allallherherformidable2.ananinRatherStrictlyin4.McCarthys3.Evenasthenumberoffemalesprocessedthroughjuvenilecourtsclimbssteadily,animplicitconsensusremainsamongscholarsincriminaljusticethatmaleadolescentsdefinethedelinquencyproblemintheUnitedStates.ThatFemaleEvenas1.Climbs1.Climbsjuvenileprocessedjuvenile2. 2. intheUnitedtheanscholarsincriminalThisdoctrinehasbroadenedtheapplicationoftheFourteenthAmendmenttoother,nonracialformsofdiscrimination,forwhilesomejusticeshaverefusedtofindanylegislativeclassificationotherthanracetobeconstitutionallydisfavored,mosthavebeenreceptivetoargumentsthatatleastsomenonracialdiscriminations,sexualdiscriminationinparticular,are""anddeservethisheightenedscrutinybythecourts.ForMostReceptiveAccordingtothepassage,theapplicationoftheFourteenthAmendmentwasbroadenedtoincludenonracialformsofdiscriminationbecausesexualdiscriminationismoresuspiciousthanracialdiscriminationandconsequentlydeservesmorescrutinybythecourts.Somejusticesrefusedanynon-raciallegislativeclassificationtobelegallyThereareseriousdiscrepanciesbetweentheideasofsomejusticesandthoseofothermostjusticeswerepersuadedbyargumentsthattheseformsofdiscriminationdeservetobeincludedintheapplicationoftheFourteenthAmendment.ThisThe1.ThisThe1.1414thSomeSomeHaverefusedtoAnyToOtherAtleastIn Havebeenreceptive 4.thisheightenedscrutinybythe3.2.Openacknowledgementoftheexistenceofwomen’soppressionwastooradicalfortheUnitedStatesinthefifties,andBeauvoir’sconclusion,thatchangeinwomen’seconomiccondition,thoughinsufficientbyitself,“remainsthebasicfactor”inimprovingwomen’ssituation,wasparticularlyunacceptable.AndThatItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatAmericanpeopleinthe1950sgenerallybelievedChangeinwomen’seconomicconditionwassufficientbyitselfinimprovingwomen’sitwouldtakemoreeffortsthanachangeinwomen’seconomicconditiontoimprovewomen’sItwasunacceptabletoimprovewomen’sItwastooradicaltoopenlyacknowledgewomen’s1.The1.TheUnitedStatesthethetheexistenceofwomenschangeinchangeinwomeneconomic3.insufficientbyBeauvoirimprovingwomen2.Indeed,theviolationsofrealisticconventionaresoflagrantthattheymightwellcallintoquestionwhetherTheColorofPurpleisindeedintendedtobearealisticnovel,especiallysincethereareindicationsthatatleastsomeofthoseaspectsofthenovelregardedbyviewersaspuzzlingmayconstitutesitslinkstomodesofwritingotherthanAnglo-Europeannineteenth-centuryrealism.That从句的作用是Whether从句是什么从句Forthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicessepara yandselectallthatapply.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrueaboutTheColorPurple?ItwasperhapsnotintendedtobeIthasfeaturesthatapparentlyviolatetheAnglo-EuropeannovelItisperhapslinkedtoanovelistconventionotherthanTheviolationsTheviolationsrealisticSoMightMightIsintendedto1.TheColorof2.someofsomeofaspectsoftheIts modesofOther3.regardedbyasWhatisneededisanevaluativeparadigmthat,ratherthanobscuringsuchstartlingstructuralfeatures(whiayactuallybeexplicitlyintendedtounderminetraditionalAnglo-Europeannovelisticconventions),confrontsthem,thusilluminatingthedeliberayprovocativewaysinwhichTheColorPurpledepartsfromthetraditionalmodelstowhichithasbeencompared.WhatThatAccordingtothepassage,anevaluativeparadigmthatconfrontsthestartlingstructuralfeaturesofTheColorPurplewould plishwhichofthefollowing?ItwouldshowthatTheColorPurplewasintendedtounderminetraditionalAnglo-Europeannovelisticconventions.ItwouldshowthewaysinwhichthisnoveldiffersfromthetraditionalItwouldshowthatTheColorPurpleisclosertotraditionalAnglo-Europeannovelisticconventionsthantoothertraditionalmodels.Itwouldrevealwaysinwhichthesestructuralfeaturesservetoparodynovelistic The“deindustrialization”thesisofBluestoneandHarrisonassertsthatthereplacementofdomesticwithforeignmanufacturingbegunbyUnitedStatescorporationsinthelate1960sresultedina“hollowingout”ofAmericanindustry,wherebyworkersdisplacedfrommanufacturingjobsthroughmassiveplantclosingsfoundthemselvesmovingmoreorlesspermanentlyintolower-paying,lesssecurejobsorintounemployment.Whichofthefollowing,iftrue,wouldmosttendtoweakenthedeindustrializationthesisofBluestoneandHarrison?aninterviewofthespousesofformerindustrialworkersrevealsasignificantincreaseinthenumberofworkingspousessincethemid-1960s.datafromthemostrecentUnitedStatescensusshowthatfewerindividualslisttheiroccupationasindustrialworkerthaninthecensusfromtenyearsearlier.arandomsurveyofUnitedStatesconsumersindicatesthatamajorityofthosesurveyedwouldprefertobuyUnitedStates-manufacturinggoodsifgiventheopportunity.Arecentsurveyindicatesthatlargenumbersofformerindustrialworkershaveretrainedandfoundemploymentasskilled,highly-paidcomputerworkers.TheDeindustrializationthesisofBluestoneandHarrisonmoreor Thereplacement ahollowing Resulted ofBegunmassive2.3.lower-paying,secureUnitedStatescorporationsinthelate1960s1.Whereaspreviously,itwasassumedthatmonogamyandmalecertaintyofpaternityfacilitatedtheevolutionofmalecare,itnowseemsappropriatetoconsiderthealternativepossibility,whethertheextraordinarycapacityofmaleprimatestolookoutforthefatesofinfantsdidnotinsomewaypre-adaptmembersofprimatesforthesortofclose,long-termrelationshipsbetweenmalesandfemalesthat,undersomeecologicalcircumstances,leadstomonogamy!WhetherWhichofthefollowingstatements,iftrue,wouldposethegreatestchallengeto“thealternativeThenumberofprimatespeciesinwhialecareofinfantsisexhibitedisgreaterthanthenumberofprimatespeciesthatpracticemonogamy.Malecareofinfantsamongprimatescanbeseenearlierintheevolutionaryrecordthancanmonogamyamongprimates.Monogamousrelationshipsamongprimatescanbefoundinspecieslivinginavarietyofphysicalenvironments.MostprimatespeciesthatpracticemonogamydonotshowanyevidenceofmalecareofForthefollowingquestion,considereachofthechoicesseparayandselectallthatWhereasmonogamymalecertaintyof monogamymalecertaintyof 1.the

TothethecapacityofDidnotpre-membersthesortoflong- betweenmalesInsomeLeads2.3.Undersome平行结主宾语宾语比；第三种强调平行两部分质是相同的，但是量（程度）并notonly……butalso。例1．Theywerefightingalbeitdiscreetly,toopentheinlectualworldtothenewscienceandtoliberateinlectuallifefromecclesiasticalphilosophyandenvisionedtheirworkascontributingtothegrowth,notofphilosophy,butofresearchinmathematicsandphysics.找谓语，werefighting，找谓语，werefighting，werefighting,7totoopenthe tothenewandtoliberatein totoopento平看到and，进入找平行的附加程序：and后面是toliberatetoopen平行，werefighting的两个目的是toopentoliberate；From介词短语修饰toliberate；werefighting平行，所以主语they有两个谓语werefighting和envisioned；Envision……as固定搭配表示“把……当做……”，as介词短语的平行，都是修饰growth。andenvisionedtheirascontributingtothenotofphilosophy,butresearchinmathematicsandfromThenewThenewWere(AlbeitTheirToinlectualToopeninlectualtheResearchtheResearchinmathematicsanAscontributing×逻辑关And表示并列关系：toopentheinlectualworldtothenewsciencetoliberateinlifefromecclesiasticalphilosophynewsciencephilosophynot……butphilosophymathematicsandphysics问Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredaboutthe“inlectualInordertocontributetothegrowthofmathematicsandphysics,inlectuallifehastosacrificephilosophy.Inordertoresearathematicsandphysics,inlectuallifehastostayConstrainedbyecclesiasticalphilosophy,inlectuallifeusedtobedetachedfrommathematicsandphysics.Liberatedbyecclesiasticalphilosophy,inlectuallifestartedtocontributetothegrowthofmathematicsandphysics.例2.Moreprobableisbirdtransport,eitherexternally,byaccidentalatta entoftheseedstofeathers,orinternally,bytheswallowingoffruitandsubsequentexcretionoftheseeds.句子分析程Moreprobableis eitherbirdtransportismoreprobablebird 找谓语，ismorebyaccidentalattaentoftheseedstofeathers,Eitherbyor，by介词短语做状语，是两个状语的orinternally,byandtheswallowingoffruitswallowingoffruitsubsequentexcretionof句子层次MoreMore entof seedstoBirdexcretionofthetheswallowingof翻更有可能的是鸟类的，要么是外部地，通过偶然的把粘在羽毛上，要么是地，逻辑关从more看出比较关系，不过是和上文中的方式的比较；either……or看出并列关系：练Hardy’sweaknessderivedfromhisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsofthesedivergentimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyHardyOnes1.Thecomingsand1.Thecomingsand2.Hardys2.HardysFromhis3.ToFromhis3.Althoughsomeexperimentsshowthat,asanobject esfamiliar,itsinternalrepresentationesmoreholisticandtherecognitionprocesscorrespondinglymoreparallel,theweightevidenceseemstosupporttheserialhypothesis,atleastforobjectsthatarenotnotablysimpleandfamiliar.和这句话“itsinternalrepresentation esmoreholisticandtherecognitionprocesscorrespondinglymoreparallel”反义对应的词是？Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrompoliticalcircumstances,itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesinwaysotherthanideological,