双语报高中英语 Unit 3 Understanding each other Grammar and usage 牛津选修6

Unit3UnderstandingeachotherGrammarandusage编辑pptObjectivesTolearntoidentifyanunrealconditionalinasentenceTolearntheformsofunrealconditionalsTolearnwhentousetheunrealconditionalsTolearnhowtousetheunrealconditionals编辑pptUnrealconditionals虚拟语气Andyouprobablymuchsleepifyounearwhereaweddingreceptionwasbeingheld.如果你住的地方离婚礼现场不远，你很可能睡不好。wouldn’tgetlived编辑pptUnrealconditionals虚拟语气编辑ppt语气（mood）也是动词的一种形式变化。它表示说话者对所指的动词或状态所持的态度，而且，在谓语动词上有所体现，语气可分为三种：陈述语气、祈使语气和虚拟语气。Introduction

编辑ppt

虚拟语气(theSubjunctiveMood)是用来表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是主观愿望、假使、建议、推测、纯粹的空想等。

编辑ppt

例1：Thesedoggiesaresleepingverysoundly.（陈述语气）编辑ppt

例2：Stoplaughing!（祈使语气）编辑ppt

Ifyoukeepbeatingmelikethis,Iwouldtellyourteacher.例3：（虚拟语气）

编辑ppt

虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它一些从句中。虚拟语气用于条件句中的情况较复杂,所以要特别加以注意。首先，要判断一下是否该用虚拟语气,因为条件句有两种,一种是真实条件句,一种是非真实条件句,只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气,在真实条件句中,要用陈述语气。编辑pptIfmyauntcomesthisafternoon,shewillbringmesomegifts.

如果姨妈下午来，她会给我带礼物的。1.真实条件句:编辑pptIfheweretoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.

假如他今天离开，他周五将到那儿。IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotolookforhim.

如果我是你，就会去找他。2.非真实条件句:编辑ppt

如果条件句假设的情况完全不存在或者实现的可能性很小,甚至可以说几乎没有时,就需要用虚拟语气来表达,也就是说,此时的条件句是非真实条件句。非真实条件句的谓语动词形式：编辑ppt与现在事实相反的条件句的结构：条件句：过去时（be动词用were）主句：would/could/might+动词原形IfIwereyou,Ishould/wouldgoatonce.IfIgotthechance,Iwouldwanttobealawyer.例如：编辑ppt注意:

在非正式表述或口语中，ifI/he/she/it之后,可用was代替were。两者在意义上没有区别，但是were更为正式，特别是在表述心存怀疑的事情时：IfLucywereready,wewouldstart.假如露西准备好了，我们就出发。编辑ppt与过去事实相反的条件句的结构：Ifyouhadbeentherelastnight,nothingwouldhavehappened.Iftheboyhadgotupearlier,hewouldhavecaughtthebus.条件句：过去完成时

haddone主句：would/could/might+havedone编辑ppt与将来事实相反的条件句的结构：条件句：If…was/were/did…主句：…would/could/mightdoIfitweresunnytomorrow,wewouldgocamping.IfIwerefreenextSunday,Iwouldcertainlygotoyourparty.编辑ppt注意:

在与将来事实可能相反的条件句中,谓语动词还可用wereto或should+do来表示,如:IfIweretofailmydrivingtest,Iwouldhavetotakeitagainnextmonth.Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.编辑ppt从if从句的动词形态来看，使用虚拟语气的条件句在时态方面比起真实条件句中的时态要向后退让一步。要点领会１：编辑ppt比较1：一般现在vs.一般过去（be动词多采用were的形式）Ifheisathomenow,heissuretobesurfingtheInternet. （真实条件句）Ifhewereathomenow,hewouldbesurfingtheInternet.（虚拟条件句）编辑ppt比较2：现在完成vs.过去完成Ifhehasfinishedhishomeworknow,heissuretobesurfingtheInternet. （真实条件句）Ifhehadfinishedhishomeworknow,hewouldbesurfingtheInternet.（虚拟条件句）编辑ppt比较３：过去vs.过去完成Ifheboughtthebookyesterday,hehadnomoneyleftforlunch. （真实条件句）Ifhehadboughtthebookyesterday,hewouldhavehadnomoneyleftforlunch.（虚拟条件句）编辑ppt

主句的谓语由具过去式形态的情态动词如would、could、should等加上动词原形（对现在和将来的虚拟）及完成形（对过去的虚拟）构成。要点领会２：编辑pptIftheykneweachother,theywouldbetalkingnow.（现在）Iftheyhadgotlostlastnight,theywouldhavebeencaughtbythestorm.（过去）Iftheyshouldlendusahand,wewouldfinishthetaskearlier.（将来）编辑pptPracticeReadthedialogueonpage40andfillineachblankwiththecorrectformoftheverbinbrackets.编辑ppt非真实条件句的省略与倒装：

在非真实条件句中,如果有were,had,should,我们可以将if省略,把这些词置于从句的句首,形成倒装,如:IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.=ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.编辑ppt

Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.

如果虚拟条件句中没有were,had和should则不能省略if,当然也不能倒装。注意：编辑pptPractice

1.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we______allrightnow.A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe2.Ifhe_____metomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotableAA编辑ppt3.___today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.A.WouldheleaveB.WasheleavingC.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves4.Ifit____thisafternoon,theEnglishpartywouldberuined.A.rainsB.rainedC.willrainD.wasrainingCB编辑ppt5.Ifyouhadrungusyesterday,wewould______youthatthemeetinghadbeenputoff.A.tellB.havetoldC.hadtoldD.betellingB编辑ppt混合虚拟条件句

非真实条件句中,有时主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生,此时谓语动词的形式要按照各自的时间来调整,而不完全按照上述规则来进行,这样的句子叫混合虚拟条件句。编辑ppt

例如:Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,thenyouwouldhavenodifficultynow.假如你听从了老师的劝告，那你现在就不会有困难了。IfIhadn’tfinishedmyhomeworkbynow,Iwouldbeworkingonittomorrow.如果我到现在还没完成家庭作业,那明天我还得做。

编辑pptIfhehadpreparedwellforhislessonsyesterday,hewouldn’thavesomanydifficultiesnow.

假如他昨天好好地准备功课的话，他现在就不会有这么多的困难。Ifithadrainedlastnight

(过去),

itwouldbeverycoldtoday

(现在).如果昨天下雨，今天就会很冷。编辑ppt例如：Iwouldhavegonetovisithiminthehospitalhaditbeenatallpossible,butIwasfullyoccupiedthewholeoflastweek.

该句前半部分是假设虚拟，后半部分是事实的陈述。

混合虚拟语气还有一种情况,就是事实和虚拟假设的混合句。注意：编辑pptAnswers(P40)attended(2)would/mightbe(3)went(4)would/mightsee(5)did(6)would/couldbe(7)travelled(8)wouldhavetotake(9)hadstarted(10)wouldnothaveneededAnswers(P41)(1)hadbeen(2)Had;got(3)Had;had/If;hadhad(4)Would;havebeen编辑pptReflectiontimeFillinthetable.TenseIf-clausesMainclausesPresent

PastFutureIf…was/were/did…would/should/could/mightdo…If…had/been/done…would/should/couldmighthavedone…If…was/were/did/wereto/shoulddo…would/should/could/mightdo…编辑ppt1.____fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.Mightyoube2.____youhaveanyquestions,pleasecontactourcustomerservicehotline.A.ShouldB.WouldC.CouldD.MightI.Multiplechoice.BA编辑ppt

3.EverytimeIgoout,Iwilltakelotsofmoney______somethingunexpectedshouldhappen.A.otherwiseB.thereforeC.howeverD.incaseD编辑ppt

4.Imaginewhattoday’slifewouldbelikeifAlexanderBell______thetelephonemorethan130yearsago.A.didn’tinventB.wouldn’tinventC.hadn’tinventedD.wouldn’thaveinventedC编辑ppt5.Ifsomemeasures___toensurethesafetyoftheschool,morestudents___intheearthquakethen.A.weretaken;wouldsurviveB.hadbeentaken;didn’tsurviveC.hadbeentaken;wouldhavesurvivedD.weretaken;wouldsurviveC编辑ppt6.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatshe___sing,Iwouldinvitehertotheparty.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.can’tD.mightnot7.___hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewonthegame.A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.WhenCA编辑ppt

8.Ifshehadworkedharder,she____.

A.wouldsucceed

B.wouldhavesucceeded

C.hadsucceeded

D.shouldsucceed

9.Ifthecompanyfailedtomakemoremoneynextmonth,it___closedown.A.mustB.havetoC.wouldD.oughttoBC编辑ppt2011高考链接I_____throughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.(陕西)A.couldn’thavegoneB.didn’tgoC.wouldn’tgoD.hadn’tgone2.They_____havearrivedatlunchtimebuttheirflightwasdelayed.(全国)A.willB.canC.mustD.should编辑ppt3.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey_____alwayslate.(北京)A.weren’tB.hadn’tbeenC.wouldn’tbeD.wouldn’thavebeen

4.MaybeifI___science,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.(北京)A.studiedB.wouldstudyC.hadstudiedD.wasstudying编辑ppt1.要是你准备功课再仔细一点的话,你就能通过考试了。Ifyouhadpreparedyourlessonsmorecarefully,youcouldhavepassedtheexam.2.要是那场飓风发生在晚上的话,将会有更多的人死亡。Ifthathurricanehadhappenedatnight,therewouldhavebeenmoredeaths.II:Translation.编辑ppt3.Itisessentialthat_________________________________________(每个人都为紧急情况做好准备).4._________________________________________(如果他按照我告诉他的办法订票),wewouldhavehadquiteacomfortablejourney.5.Imighthavemadethespeech_________________________(要不是有人把我的话打断了).

everyone(should)bepreparedforemergencyIfhehadbookedticketsinthewayItoldhimifIhadnotbeeninterrupted编辑pptYoudidn’tletmedrive.Ifwe__________(drive)inturn,you________________(notget)sotired.2.______it__________(notbe)foryourhelp,Icouldn’thavemadeanyprogress.haddrivenwouldn’thavegotHadnotbeenQuizIII:Fillintheblankswiththeverbsgiveninthebracketsintheirproperforms.编辑ppt3.—HasMrSmithrecoverednow?—Yes.Who__________________(think)thatsuchaseriousillnesscouldbecured?4._____________it___________(rain)tomorrow,thematchwouldbecalledoff.wouldhavethoughtWere/Shouldtorain/rain编辑ppt5.MostofthestudentsfeltratherdisappointedattheEnglishparty.Theysaidthatit_________________________(organize)better.6.Jeandoesn’twanttoworkrightawaybecauseshethinksthatifshe___________________________(get)ajob,sheprobablywouldn’tbeabletoseeherfriendsveryoften.couldhavebeen/shouldget/gotweretogetorganized编辑ppt7.Muchlabourwouldhavebeensavedifelectroniccomputer_________________(invent)before.8.—Welldone,Jack！—Thanks.Butgivenmoretime,I___________________________(do)itbetter.hadbeeninventedcould/would/mighthavedone编辑pptMagicLanternMagicBrushTimeMachineDiscussion:Whatwouldyoudoifyouhada…?编辑pptHomework1.Practiseusingwhatwehavelearntinthisperiod.2.Finishtheexercisesintheworkbook.3.Preview‘Task’.编辑pptThankyou!编辑ppt编辑ppt9、静夜四无邻，荒居旧业贫。。2022/12/132022/12/13Tuesday,December13,202210、雨中黄叶树，灯下白头人。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/1312/13/202210:53:54AM11、以我独沈久，愧君相见频。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/13Dec-2213-Dec-2212、故人江海别，几度隔山川。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/13Tuesday,December13,202213、乍见翻疑梦，相悲各问年。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/132022/12/1312/13/202214、他乡生白发，旧国见青山。。13十二月20222022/12/132022/12/132022/12/1315、比不了得就不比，得不到的就不要。。。十二月222022/12/132022/12/132022/12/1312/13/202216、行动出成果，工作出财富。。2022/12/132022/12/1313December202217、做前，能够环视四周；做时，你只能或者最好沿着以脚为起点的射线向前。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/132022/12/139、没有失败，只有暂时停止成功！。2022/12/132022/12/13Tuesday,December13,202210、很多事情努力了未必有结果，但是不努力却什么改变也没有。。2022/12/132022/12/132022/12/1312/13/202210:53:54AM11、成功就是日复一日那一点点小小努力的积累。。2022/12/132022/12