主谓一致用法总结

主谓一致使用主谓一致时，必须遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。一、当单数可数名词、不可数名词、复合不定代词、单个不定式(疑问词+不定式)、动名词或主语从句以及表示"时间、价值、重量、距离、书名、影片名称〃等名词作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：ThecurtainsareclosedandthelivingroomisdarkwhenMomandDadenter.Visitingaplacelikethisisalwaysveryinteresting.Whypleasantsmellsdonotreducepaininmenisaquestionstilltobeansweredbyscientists.二、all(some,alot,plenty,any,part,therest,most等)+of+名词作主语以及分数、百分数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式取决于of后的名词或代词。表示复数概念用复数；表示单数概念用单数。例如：Asaresultoftheseriousflood,two-thirdsofthebuildingsintheareaneedrepairing.Onestudysaysthat90%ofourtimeisspentwatchingtelevisionorusingcomputers.Whiletherestofthepassengersweregettingout,sheglancedatthefacesaroundher.三、在"名词/代词+介宾结构+谓语+...〃结构中，谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致，介宾结构看作插入成分。该结构中的常见介词及介词短语有with,togetherwith,alongwith,aswellas,like,but,except,besides,including等。例如：Healthyeatingalongwithregularexerciseisprobablytheonlywaytobecomefit.NobodybutTomandhisfatherhaseverbeenthere.四、anumberof/agroupof/avarietyof/atotalof等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而thenumberof/thegroupof/thevarietyof/thetotalof等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。例如：Thelownumberofattacksthathappeneveryyearprovesthatsharksdonotfeedonhumansiftheyhavethechoice.Nowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,workintheclothingindustry.五、quality/pair/amount等构成短语作主语时，谓语动词根据quality/pair/amount的单复数确定。例如：Withmoreforestsbeingdestroyed,hugequantitiesofgoodeartharebeingwashedawayeachyear.Asaresultofdestroyingtheforests,alargequantityofdeserthascoveredtheland.六、and连接并列主语表示同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式；表示不同概念时谓语动词用复数形式；此外，and连接并列名词时，如果名词前有no/each/every/manya等修饰时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如：—Didyougototheshowlastnight?—Yeah.Everyboyandeverygirlintheareawasinvited.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,butwhenandwherehasn'tbeendecidedyet.七、当表示复数概念的名词或短语作主语以及表示总称意义"形单意复〃的名词(如cattle/police/people等)和常用作复数或只有复数形式的名词(clothes/goods/shoes等)作主语时，谓语动词通常用复数。例如：Trafficpolicearealwaysverybusy,especiallyatbusystreets.八、oneof+名词+关系代词+谓语时，谓语动词用复数；the(only)oneof+名词+关系代词+谓语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohasbeenawinnerofscholarshipforthreeyears.［比较］OurEnglishteacherwasoneofthetopteacherswhowerepraisedbytheheadmaster.九、主谓一致的其它考点：either...or...；neither...nor...；notonly...butalso...；not...but...等连接主语时，谓语动词要就近选择。如：EitheryouorJimgoesthere.therebe结构中，be动词后面有几个名词时，be动词跟最近的名词保持一致。如：Thereisonetableandtwodesksintheroom.某些单词所表示的概念是由两部分组成的，作主语时谓语动词用复数；但如果与量词构成短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数则取决于量词。如：Thetrousersaretoolong,Thatpairoftrousersistoolong.表示群岛、瀑布、山脉等以-s结尾的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；但如果表示孤立的山则用单数。如：MountTaiisgreat.定冠词与形容词连用，用来表示一类人或物，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Theyoungareplantingtrees.population构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数；但被百分数或分数等数词修饰时，谓语动词用复数。如：Thepopulationofourtownisbiggerthanthatoftheirtown,butmostofthepopulationinourtownarefarmers.oneandahalf+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数；oneortwo+复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；manya(n)+单数名词及morethanone+单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。而more+复数名词+than+one作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：Nowadaysmanyapersonwantstogoabroad.Oneandahalfappleshasbeeneatenbytheboy.集合名词作主语表示整体概念，谓语动词用单数；表示成员概念谓语动词用复数。常见的集合名词有family/government/public/audience等。如：Myfamilyisabigfamily.Myfamilyarefondofpopmusic.单复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词通常根据句意来确定。常见的这类词有deer/fish/means/sheep/series等。如：Thequickestmeansoftravelingisbyair.Therearevariousmeansofcommunicatingwithastranger.主谓一致考点分析I一、当主语是单数可数名词、不可数名词、（疑问词+）todo结构、动词-ing形式、主语从句、复合不定代词、表单位数量的时间、距离、金钱、重量、复数形式的学科名词（physics,politics）、书名、国家或组织名称（theUnitedStates,theUnitedNations）等，谓语动词常用单数。但what引导的主语从句所指的具体内容是复数意义时，谓语动词一般用复数形式。（如：Whatweneedaregooddoctors.我们需要的是好医生。）如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数。如：Morethantwentyyearshavepassedsincewegraduated.我们毕业后已经过了二十多年。Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers.（2010湖南）isB.areC.hasD,have二、在"名词/代词+介宾结构+谓语+……〃结构中，谓语动词与名词/代词保持一致，介宾结构看作修饰成分。该结构中的常见介词及短语介词有with/togetherwith/alongwith/aswellas/like/ratherthan/but/except/besides/including/inadditionto等。Dr.Smith,togetherwithhiswifeanddaughters,visitBeijingthissummer.（2009陕西）isgoingtoB,aregoingtoC.wasgoingtoD,weregoingtoThefatheraswellashisthreechildrenskatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.（2006辽宁）A.isgoingB.goC.goesD.aregoing三、“all/alot/plenty/part/therest/most/分数/百分数+of+名词〃作主语时，谓语动词单复数形式一般取决于of后的名词或代词的数。表示复数概念用复数动词，表示单数概念用单数动词。Thefactoryused65percentoftherawmaterials,therestofwhichsavedforotherpurposes.（2011安徽）A.isB.areC.wasD.wereOne-thirdofthecountrycoveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizensblackpeople.（2011湖南）A.is;areB.is;isC.are;areD.are;is四、anumberof/anaverageof/atotalof等+可数名词复数构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；而thenumberof/theaverageof

/thetotalof等+名词构成短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。“agreat(large)/smallnumberof,many,afew,few,agood(great)many,dozensof,scoresof+可数名词复数〃结构作主语时，谓语动词应用复数。alittle,little,much,agreatdealof,alargeamountof只能修饰不可数名词，其谓语动词用单数形式。(如：Agreatdealofpetroliswasted.)ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversitiesrisingsteadilysince1990.(2009山东)A.isB.areC.hasbeenD.havebeenNowadays,alargenumberofwomen,especiallythosefromthecountryside,intheclothingindustry.(2005辽宁)A.isworkingB,worksC.workD,worked五、“oneof+复数名词〃作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数形式。但“oneof+复数名词〃结构后接定语从句时，从句中的谓语动词用复数形式;而在“theonly/right/veryoneof+名词+关系代词+谓语〃结构中，从句谓语动词用单数。Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwhoeveningdress.(2010全国II)A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.havewornAtpresent,oneoftheargumentsinfavorofthenewairportthatitwillbringalotofjobstothearea.（2009江西）A.isB.areC.willbeD.wasMyfatherwasoneofthemanagersintheofficethattoattendthemeetinglastweek.A.wearB.wearsC.haswornD.havewornA.wasinvitedB.isinvitedC.wereinvitedD,areinvited六、either...or.../neither...nor.../notonly...butalso.../not...but.../or等连接并列主语时，谓语动词单复数由最靠近它的主语决定；在倒装句中，谓语动词单复数由其后面的主语决定。Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentstoattendthemeetingthatisduetomorrow.（2009湖南）A.areB.isC.haveD.be—Iseveryonehere?—Notyet...Look,theretherestofourguests!（2010江苏）A.comeB.comesC.iscomingD.arecoming主谓一致考点分析II、pairsof/amountsof/quantitiesof...等构成短语作主语时，谓语

动词用复数形式；apairof（表示一双，一条时）/anamountof/aseriesof构成短语作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。Becauselargequantitiesofwater1.—Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?BecauselargequantitiesofwaterA.havepollutedisbeingpollutedhasA.havepollutedisbeingpollutedhasbeenpollutedhavebeenpolluted（2001上海）（2001上海）A.number;hasquantity;hasnumber;havequantity;haveAsaresultofdestroyingtheforests,（2001上海）（2001上海）A.number;hasquantity;hasnumber;havequantity;haveandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.（2006江苏）（2006江苏）A.isB.areC.wasandpaintingtomorrowafternoon.（2006江苏）（2006江苏）A.isB.areC.wasD.wereApoetandartistcomingtospeaktousaboutChineseliteraturewhenandwhereyet.whenandwhereyet.2.ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture,but（2007浙江）A.hasn'tbeendecidedB,haven'tdecidedC.isn'tbeingdecidedD,aren'tdecided【注意】如表示不同的概念，则要用复数。如：Whentheywillstartandwheretheywillgohavenotbeendecidedyet.三、由each...and(each)...,every...and(every)...,manya...and(manya)...