被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)

被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)资料仅供参考文件编号：2022年4月被动语态讲解及练习(含答案)版本号：A修改号：1页次：1.0审核：批准:发布日期：ThePassiveVoice被动语态一、被动语态的构成形式1.被动语态的基本时态变化1)am/is/are+done(过去分词)一般现在时2）has/havebeendone现在完成时3）am/is/arebeingdone现在进行时4）was/weredone一般过去时5）hadbeendone过去完成时6）was/werebeingdone过去进行时7）shall/willbedone一般将来时8）should/wouldbedone过去将来时2.被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.2)有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。例Hismothergavehimapresentforhisbirthday.可改为Hewasgivenapresentbyhismotherforhisbirthday.3)当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。例Someonecaughttheboysmokingacigarette.可改为Theboywascaughtsmokingacigarette.4）在使役动词have,make,let以及感官动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel,observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加to。例Someonesawastrangerwalkintothebuilding.可改为Astrangerwasseentowalkintothebuilding.5)有些相当于及物动词的动词词组，如“动词＋介词”，“动词＋副词”等，也可以用于被动结构，但要把它们看作一个整体，不能分开。其中的介词或副词也不能省略。例ThemeetingistobeputofftillFriday.3.非谓语动词的被动语态ving形式及不定式todo也有被动语态。例Idon'tlikebeinglaughedatinthepublic.二、如何使用被动语态1.讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者(这时可省by短语)。例Mybikewasstolenlastnight.2.借助被动的动作突出动作的执行者。例IwasgiventenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldaccepttheoffer.3.为了更好地安排句子。例Thewell-knownpersongotonthebusandwasimmediatelyrecognizedbypeople.（一个主语就够了）三、Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”。有：Itissaidthat…据说, Itisreportedthat…据报道， Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望， Itiswellknownthat…众所周Itisthoughtthat…大家认为，Itissuggestedthat…据建议。四、谓语动词的主动形式表示被动意义1.英语中有很多动词如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义,主语通常是物。例Thiskindofclothwasheswell.注意：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。试比较：Thedoorwon'tlock．（指门本身有毛病）Thedoorwon'tbelocked．（指不会有人来锁门,指“门没有锁”是人的原因）2.表示“发生、进行”的不及物动词和短语，如：happen,last,takeplace,breakout,comeout,comeabout,cometrue,runout,giveout,turnout等以主动形式表示被动意义。例Howdothenewspaperscomeout这些报纸是如何印出来的呢3.系动词没有被动形式,但有些表示感受、感官的系动词feel,sound,taste,look,feel等在主系表结构中常以主动形式表示被动意义。例Yourreasonsoundsreasonable.五、非谓语动词的主动形式表被动意义，在某些句型中可用动名词和不定式的主动形式表被动意义。1．在need，want，require,bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。例Thehouseneedsrepairing（toberepaired）．这房子需要修理。2．形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。例Thepicture-bookiswellworthreading．（＝Thepicture-bookisveryworthytoberead．）3.在某些“形容词＋不定式”做表语或宾语补足语的结构中，句子的主语或宾语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例Thisproblemisdifficulttoworkout.（可看作toworkout省略了forme）.4．在too…to…结构中，不定式前面可加逻辑主语，所以应用主动形式表示被动意义。例Thisbookistooexpensive(forme)tobuy.被动语态练习及答案1、()1ThePeople'sRepublicofChina__onOctober1,1949.A.foundB.wasfoundedC.isfoundedD.wasfound()2English____inCanada.A.speaksB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isspoken()3ThisEnglishsong___bythegirlsafterclass.A.oftensingsB.oftensangC.isoftensangD.isoftensung()4Thiskindofcar___inJapan.A,makesB.madeC.ismakingD.ismade()5Newcomputers___allovertheworld.A.isusedB.areusingC.areusedD.haveused2、()1Ourroommust___clean.A.keepB.bekeptC.tobekeptD.tokeep()2-I'dliketobuythat'msorry.___.A.itsoldB.it'ssellingC.It'sbeensoldD.ithadbeensold()3Anewhouse___atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding()4Thekey___onthetablewhenIleave.A.wasleftB.willbeleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft()5Doctors___ineverypartoftheworld.A.needB.areneedingC.areneededD.willneed()6Hisnewbook___nextmonth.A.willbepublishedB.ispublishingC.isbeingpublishedD.hasbeenpublished3()1Japanese___ineverycountry.A.isnotspokenB.arespokenC.isspeakingD.isnotspeaking()2Thesepapers___yet.A.havenotwrittenB.havenotbeenwrittenC.hasnotwrittenD.hasnotbeenwritten()3Thesportsmeet___behelduntilnextweek.A.didn'tB.won'tC.isn'tD.doesn't4()1-Myshoesarewornout.Can'ttheybemendedB.Letmehavealookatit.C.HowmuchdotheycostD.Can'ttheymended()2___thewatchbeenrepairedyetIbadlyneedit.A.DoesB.HasC.IsD.Are()3___thesedesksbeneededA.WillB.AreC.HasD.Do5()1Why___totalkaboutityesterdaydidn'tameetingholdB.wasn'tameetingheldC.wasn'theldameetingD.ameetingwasn'theld()2Whowasthebook___A.writeB.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby()3Where___theseboxesmadeA.wasB.wereC.isD.am6()1Theflowers___often.A.mustbewaterB.mustbewateredC.mustwateredD.mustwater()2Thebooksmay___fortwoweeks.A.bekeptB.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow()3Thebrokenbike____herebyMrSmith.A.canmendB.canmendedC.canbemendD.canbemended7()1Theoldbridgeinmyhometown___nextmonth.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willrebuiltC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.aregoingtorebuilt()2Theplay___atthetheatrenextSunday.A.isgoingtobeshownB.willshownC.willshowD.isshown()3Theoldstonebridge___nextweek.A.isgoingtoberebuiltB.willberebuildC.aregoingtoberebuiltD.willrebuild8()1Nowthesemagazines__inthelibraryforalongtime.A.havekeptB.arekeepingC.havebeenkeepingD.havebeenkept()2Thepot___for___hotwater.A.used;keepingB.wasused;keepingC.isused;tokeepD.areused;keep()3Tea___inthesouthofChina.A.growsB.isgrownC.weregrownD.willgrow()4Thebridges___twoyearsago.A.isbuiltB.builtC.werebuiltD.wasbuilt()5Wetclothesareoften___upnearafireinrainyweather.A.hangB.hangedC.hangingD.hung9()1Theriversmellsterrible.Peoplemust___dirtythingsintoit.A.bestoppedtothrowB.bestoppedfromthrowingC.stoptothrowD.stopfromthrowing()2Theteapot___water.A.isfilledwithB.filledofC.fullingofD.filled()3Oldpeoplemustbelookedafterwelland___politely.A.speaktoB.spokenC.speakD.spokento()4Oldpeoplemust___.A.lookafterwellB.belookedwellafterC.lookedwellafterD.belookedafterwell10()1Newly-bornbabies___inhospital.A.aretakengoodcareB.aretakengoodcareofC.takegoodcareofD.takegoodcare()2Theywere___atthesuddennoise.A.frighteningB.frightenedC.frightenD.frightens()3Thesewalls___stone.A.aremadeofB.madeof.C.aremadeintoD.madeinto11()1Jane___tosingusanAmericansonglastSaturday.A.calledB.wasaskedC.toldD.wassaid()2Thepapers___tothem.shownB.showC.shown/D.haveshown()3Thecoat___hersister.A.madetoB.weremadeforC.wasmadeforD.wasmadeto12()1I___fiveminutestodecidewhetherIshouldgoornot.A.gaveB.wasgivingC.hadgivenD.wasgiven()2Goodcare____such.shouldtakeofB.shouldbetakenC.shouldbetakingD.shouldbetakenof()3Shewill____goodcare____.A.take;ofB.betaken;ofC.take;foryouD.betaken;ofyou13()1Theteachermadehim___hishomework.A.todoB.doC.didD.done()2Theboy_streetswithoutpayintheolddays.A.wasmadetocleanB.madecleanC.madetocleanD.wasmadeclean()3Thesechildren____dance.A.wereseentoB.wereseenforC.wereseenD.sawto14()1Thesestones___well.A.arefittedB.fitC.fitsD.isfitted()2Thebike___500yuan.A.wascostB.costedC.costD.iscosted()3Theimportantmeeting___onacoldmorninglastyear.A.was'hadB.washeldC.heldD.had15()1Greatchanges___inthepasttenyearsinChina.A.tookplaceB.havetakenplaceC.weretakingplaceD.hadtakenplace()2Youcan'tusethecomputer,it____.A.wasbrokendownB.iswrongC.isbadD.hasbrokendown()3Greatchanges___inourcountryduringthepast20years.A.havehappenedB.happenedC.havebeenhappenedD.werehappened()4Thewatchhasoften___down.A.satB.lainC.brokenD.fell16()1Pleasepassmeanothercup.Thisone___.A.isbrokenB.isbreakingC.brokeD.broken()2Thestorybooks___bythewriterinthe.arewrittenB.werewrittenC.arewritingD.werewriting()3Whattime___thedoor___everydayA.does;closedB.does;closeC.is;closedD./;close17()1Canhe___himselfA.getdressB.getdressedC.getsdressedD.insteadof()2Hefellfromhisbikeand___.A