翻译专业资格(水平)考试笔译综合能力模拟试题

全国翻译专业资格（水平）考试笔译综合能力模拟试

题翻译资格考试网更新人：梓淇更新时间：2012/5/21加入收藏模拟考场Section1:VocabularyandGrammar(25Points)Thissectionconsistsofthreeparts.Readthedirectionsforeachpartbeforeansweringthequestions.Thetimeforthissectionis25minutes.Part1VocabularySelectionInthispart,thereare20incompletesentences.Beloweachsentence,therearefourwordsorphrasesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,C,D.Choosethewordorphrasewhichbestcompleteseachsentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.InHongKong,doctorsreportedthat,forunclearreasons,12recoveredSARSpatientshad weeksaftertheyhadbeendischarged--spurringfearsthatpeoplemightbeinfectiousevenafterthey'dleftisolation.recoveredB.relapsedC.reexaminedD.re-diagnosedCurrentdemographictrends,suchasthefallinthebirthrate,shouldfavor economicgrowthinthelongrun.slowB.quickenedC.speededD.acceleratedAllstudentshavefree tothelibrary.passagewayB.entranceC.permissionD.accessColumbushadaccomplishedoneofthemostamazingandcourageous inhistory.performanceB.featsC.eventsD.actsAccordingtotheweatherforecast,whichisusually ,itwillsnowthisafternoon.exactB.preciseC.perfectD.accurateThejanitor'slongservicewiththecompanywas apresent.confirmedbyB.recordedwithC.appreciatedbyD.acknowledgedwithWhattheynevertakeintoaccountisthefrazzledwomanwhoisleadinga life-tryingtobeagoodmotherwhilehavingtopretendatworkthatshedoesn'thavekidsatall.doubleB.hardC.two-wayD.miserableUntilthefinalvotesarecast,though,assurances fornothing.countB.meantC.giveD.accountSomephilosophersinsistthatonewayto knowledgeisthroughanempiricalapproach.disseminateB.classifyC.testD.acquireIfyouthinkherexperienceis ,wewillemployher.sustainableB.adequateC.strongD.positivePart2VocabularyReplacementThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichonewordorphraseisunderlined.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,C,D.Youaretoselectthe

ONEchoicethatcanreplacetheunderlinedwordwithoutcausinganygrammaticalerrororchangingtheprincipalmeaningofthesentence.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Shebustledaboutwithanassumptionofauthority.airB.suppositionC.appearanceD.faceTabletennisiseasytolearn,and,bythesametoken,boysdon'tneedalotofspacetopracticeit.bythesameruleB.symbolicallyC.moreoverD.bylogicTheoldmansatbeforethefireinatrance,thinkingofhispastlife.inaspecialpositionB.inacozystateC.inasleepystateD.inameditativestateOnlytheeliteofsocietyattendedthereceptionforthenewgovernor.thosethoughtofasthebestpeopletheintellectualsthewhite-collarpeopletheofficialsSheembellishedthesimpledresswithcolorfulembroidery.A.madeB.decoratedC.sewedD.improvedPart3CorrectingGrammaticalErrorsThispartconsistsof15sentencesinwhichthereisanunderlinedpartthatindicatesagrammaticalerror.Beloweachsentence,therearefourchoicesrespectivelymarkedbylettersA,B,C,D.YouaretoselecttheONEchoiceandreplacetheunderlinedelement(s)sothattheerroriserasedandcorrected.Thereisonlyonerightanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Justlastweek,forexample,theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)announcedthedisturbingdisclosurethatSARSmaybeprettydeadlierthanpreviouslybelieved.A.veryB.farC.especiallyD.noneWhatdistinguishedherintheothergirlswasherpeculiarhairstyle.A.toB.fromC.thanD.withDuringmanysectorsarefoundering,the$21billionvideogame-softwareindustryisbooming,addinggamedevelopersatarateof2,500ayearintheUnitedStatesalone.A.WhenB.WhereasC.WouldD.WhileNosuchweaponswereusedandnonebeenfound.A.nonehavebeenB.nonehasC.nootherhasbeenD.noothersbeenNothingfuelscynicismforwatchingtwotitanicinstitutionssquabbleovertheirreputations.A.No...asB.Something...likeC.Nothing...likeD.No...thanSection2:ReadingComprehension(55Points,75minutes)Inthissectionyouwillfindaftereachofthepassagesanumberofquestionsorunfinishedstatementsaboutthepassage,eachwithfour(A.B.CandD)suggestedanswersorwaysof

finishing.Youmustchoosetheonewhichyouthinkfitsbest.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterwithasinglebaracrossthesquarebracketsonyourMachine-scoringANSWERSHEET.Questions51-56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Asviewedfromspace,theEarth'sdistinguishingcharacteristicsareitsbluewatersandwhiteclouds.Envelopedbyanoceanofairconsistingof78%nitrogenand21%oxygen,theplanetistheonlyoneinoursolarsystemknowntoharborlife.CirclingtheSunatanaveragedistanceof149millionkm(93millionmiles),theEarthisthethirdplanetfromtheSunandthefifthlargestplanetinthesolarsystem.Itsrapidspinandmoltennickel-ironcoregiverisetoanextensivemagneticfieldwhich,coupledwiththeatmosphere,shieldsusfromnearlyalloftheharmfulradiationcomingfromtheSunandotherstars.MostmeteorsburnupintheEarth'satmospherebeforetheycanstrikethesurface.Theplanet'sactivegeologicalprocesseshaveleftnoevidenceoftheancientpeltingitalmostcertainlyreceivedsoonafteritwasformed.TheEarthhasasinglenaturalsatellite--theMoon.Questions57-62arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Sincelifebeganeonsago,thousandsofcreatureshavecomeandgone.Some,suchasthedinosaurs,becameextinctduetonaturallychangingecologicconditions.Morerecentthreatstolifeformsarehumansandtheiractivities.Manhasdrainedmarshes,burnedprairies,dammedanddivertedrivers.Someofthemorerecentcasualtiesofman'sexpansionhavebeenthedodo,greatauk,passengerpigeon,Irishelk,andSteller'sseacow.Sadly,wecannolongerattributetheincreasingdeclineinourwildanimalsandplantspeciesto"natural"processes.Manyspeciesaredyingoutbecauseofexploitation,habitatalterationordestruction,pollution,ortheintroductionofnewspeciesofplantsandanimalstoanarea.AsmandatedbyCongress,protectingendangeredspecies,andrestoringthemtothepointwheretheirexistenceisnolongerjeopardized,istheprimaryobjectiveoftheU.S.FishandWildlifeService'sEndangeredSpeciesProgram.57.Whichofthefollowingisaformofman'shabitatalteration?A.GlacialencroachmentHurricanesDammedriversSnowstorms58.Whichofthefollowinghasbecomeextinctduetoman'sdestruction?A.AfricanelephantIrishelkGiantpandaWhiteBengalQuestions63-68arebasedonthefollowingpassage.The"Karat"markingonjewelrytellsyouwhatproportionofgoldismixedwithothermetals.If14partsofgoldaremixedwith10partsofbasemetal,thecombinationiscalled14-Karat(14K)gold.ThehighertheKaratrating,thehighertheproportionofgoldintheobject.ThelowestKaratgoldthatcanbemarketedintheUnitedStatesis10-Karatgold.JewelrydoesnothavetobemarkedwithitsKaratquality,butmostofitis.IfthereisaKaratqualitymark,nexttoitmustbetheU.S.registeredtrademarkofthepersonorcompanythatwillstandbehindthemark,asrequiredbytheNationalGoldandSilverStampingAct.Ifaringisstamped24K,ithasA.204partsofgold.24partsofgold.twoandfour-tenthspartsofgold.10partsofgold.Goldwhichis10KaratsinproportionrepresentsthehighestgradeofgoldintheU.S.cannotbesoldintheU.S.nevercarriesaKaratqualitymark.representsthelowest-gradegoldmarketableintheU.S.Questions69-75arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Mr.Faugelwasconvincedthatstudentnervousnesshadaffectedtheirscores;toreducetheanxietyofthesestudentswhohadalreadybeentested,hegave22ofthemabetablockerbeforereadministrationofthetest.Theirscoresimprovedsignificantly.Theother8students(whodidnotreceivethebetablockers)improvedonlyslightly.Second-timetest-takersnationwidehadaverageimprovementswhichweresimilartothoseinFaugel'snon-betablockergroup.Betablockersareprescriptiondrugswhichhavebeenaroundfor25years.Thesemedications,whichinterferewiththeeffectsofadrenalin,havebeenusedforheartconditionsandforminorstresssuchasstagefright.Nowtheyareusedfortestanxiety.Thesedrugsseemtohelptest-takerswhohavelowscoresbecauseoftestfright,butnotthosewhodonotknowthematerial.Sincetherecanbesideeffectsfromthesebetablockers,physiciansarenotreadytoprescribethemroutinelyforalltest-takers.Whereistheonlyplaceapersoncanobtainbetablockers?SupermarketConveniencestoreStationarystoreDoctor'sofficeWhyarebetablockersnotprescribedregularly?Studentsareexpectedtodopoorly.Therearesideeffects.Thedrugsareonly25yearsold.Theycausetestanxiety.Accordingtothepassageallpeoplecantakebetablockers.betablockersarewidelyprescribed.betablockersworkonlyontestanxiety.betablockersworkonlytoimprovetestscoresifthetest-takertrulyknowsthematerial."Re-administration"inthispassagereferstogivingthetestagaintopeoplewithoutadministeringbetablockers.givingthetestagaintobothgroupsafterbetablockershavebeenadministeredtoonegroup.givingthetesttobothgroupsoftest-takersandthengivingthembetablockers.givingthebetablockerswithoutretesting.Questions76-80arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Duringthepastthreeyears,thestaffmembersoftheSmithsonianInstitution'sFamilyFolkloreProjecthaveinterviewedhundredsofpersonsabouttheirfamilyfolklore.Topreparefor

theseinterviewswedrewuponouracademicbackgroundsinfolkloreandAmericanstudies,anduponourpersonalbackgroundsasmembersoffamilies.Inaddition,wereviewedthemajorinstructionguidesingenealogy,oralhistory,familyhistory,andfolklorefieldwork.Althoughthesepublicationswereallhelpfulinsomeway,nosinglebookwascompletelyadequatesincefamilyfolklorecombinesaspectsofalltheabovedisciplines.Overtimewehavedevelopedguidelinesandquestionsthathaveprovensuccessfulforus;wehopethatthefollowingsuggestionswillbehelpfultoanyonewhowishestocollectthefolkloreofhisorherownfamily.Whatwouldbethetopicoftheparagraphthatwouldfollowthisone?HowtogatherfamilyfolkloreHistoryoftheSmithsonianInstitutionAdescriptionofgenealogyUsefulbooksonfamilyfolkloreWhatcanbeinferredabouttheresearcherswhoconductedtheinterviews?Theyweremathematiciansandphysicists.Theywerehistoriansandsociologists.Theyhadchildren.Theywrotebooks.ThepurposeofthispassageistomotivateberateinstructcajoleTheassumptionofthispassageisthatanyonecansuccessfullyinterviewpeopleabouttheirfamilyfolklorewithoutpriortraining.AmericanhistoryisinherentinthefamilyfolkloreofAmericans.AmericanhistoryandfolkloreofAmericanshavenoconnections.noguidelinesareneededintheinterviews.Accordingtothepassage,whichkindofinstructionalguidewasNOTconsultedasasource?ClinicalsociologyGenealogyguidesOralhistoryFolklorefieldworkQuestions81-86arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Everysummer,JeanPiagetretreatstohiscabinintheAlps,wherehespendsmostofhisdaysanalyzingthemassofresearchdatageneratedoverthepastyearathisCenterforGeneticEpistemology.Duringlongwalksalongthemountaintrails,hemullsoverthelatestexperimentalresults,andinthecoolmountainevenings,heformulateshisconclusions.Withtheapproachoffall,hewilldescendfromthemountain,manuscriptforabookandseveraljournalarticlesinhand.Thistime-honoredprocedureofcarefulobservationfollowedbyseclusionforthoughtandsynthesis,hasenabledhimtobecomethemostprolific,ifnotthemostfamouspsychologistofthecentury.Piagethasonlybeenwidelyknowninthiscountrysincethe1960s,whenhisworksweretranslatedfromtheiroriginalFrench.Buthehasbeenrecognizedasanexpertinthefieldof

cognitivedevelopmentinEuropesincethe1930s.Infact,Piaget'spublishingcareercanbetracedtotheyear1906,whenasachildoften,hepublishedhiscarefulnotesonthehabitsofanalbinosparrowheobservednearhishomeinSwitzerland.Afterhisprecociousdebutasanornithologist,hetookanafter-schooljobatthelocalnaturalhistorymuseum,soonbecominganexpertonmollusks.Attheageofsixteenhewasrecommendedforacurator'spositionatthenaturalhistorymuseuminGeneva,butdeclinedinfavorofcontinuinghiseducation.HestudiednaturalscienceattheUniversityofNeuchatel,obtaininghisdoctorateattheageoftwenty-one.Hisreadingsinphilosophystimulatedanintenseinterestinepistemology-thestudyofhumansacquireknowledge.Convincedthatcognitivedevelopmenthadageneticbasis,Piagetdecidedthatthebestwaytoapproachepistemologywouldbethroughitsbehavioralandbiologicalcomponents.Psychologyappearedtobethedisciplinethatbestincorporatedthisapproach.Questions87-95arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MyViewsonGamblingMostoflifeisagamble.Verymanyofthethingswedoinvolvetakingsomeriskinordertoachieveasatisfactoryresult.Weundertakeanewjobwithnoideaofthemoreindirectconsequencesofouraction.Marriageiscertainlyagambleandsoisthebringingintoexistenceofchildren,whocouldprovesadliabilities.Ajourney,abusinesstransaction,evenachanceremarkmayresultimmediatelyorultimatelyintragedy.Perpetuallywegamble-againstlife,destiny,chance,theunknown-calltheinvisibleopponentwhatwewill.Humansurvivalandprogressindicatethatusuallywewin.Sothegamblinginstinctmustbeanelementalone.Takingriskstoachievesomethingisacharacteristicofallformsoflife,includinghumanity.Assoonasmanacquiredproperty,thechallengehehabituallyissuedtodestinyfoundanadditionalexpressioninahumancontest.Earlymaywellhavestakedhisflintaxe,hisbearskin,hiswife,inthehopeofaddingtohispossessions.Theacquirementofdesirablebutnonessentialcommoditiesmusthaveincreasedhisscopeenormously,whiletheriskofcompletedisasterlessened.Solongasmanwasgamblingagainstdestiny,theoddswereusuallyinhisfavor,especiallywhenheusedcommonsense.Butasthemethodsofgamblingmultiplied,thechancesofsuccessdecreased.Awageragainstonepersonofferedonaverageevenchancesandnothirdpartyprofitedbythetransaction.Butassoonascommercializedcitylifedeveloped,massgamblingbecomecommon.Thousandsofpeoplenowcompeteforlargeprizes,butwithonlyminutechancesofsuccess,whiletheorganizersofgamblingconcernsenjoybigprofitswith,insomecases,noriskatall.Fewclientsofthebettingshops,footballpools,statelotteries,bingosessions,evencharityraffles,realizefullytheflimsinessoftheirchancesandthefactthatwithoutfantasticlucktheyarecertaintoloseratherthangain.Littleirreparableharmresultsforthenormalindividual.Thatbigbusinessprofitsfromthesatisfactionofahumaninstinctisacommonenoughphenomenon.Theaveragewage-earner,wholeadsacolorlessexistence,devotesasmallpercentageofhisearningstokeepingalivewithextraordinaryconstancythedreamofachievingsomemagicchangeinhislife.Gamblingisinmostcasesanon-toxicdrugagainstboredomandapathyandmaywellpreservegoodtemper,patienceandoptimismindrearycircumstances.Asuddenwindfallmayunbalanceaweaker,lessintelligentpersonandevenruinhislife.Andthelureofsomethingfornothingasanidealevokes

criticismfromthemorerigidlyuprightrepresentativesofthecommunity.Butfewofushavetherighttocondemnasfewofuscansaywenevergamble-evenitisonlyinvestingafewpenceaweekinthefirm'sfootballsweeporthechurchbazaar"luckydip."Troubledevelops,however,whenanyhumaninstinctorappetitebecomesoverdeveloped.Moderatedrinkingproducesfewharm