高三语法非谓语复习

doing动名词gerundtodo不定式infinitivedoing/done分词participle高三语法复习3：非谓语动词

Non-finites高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第1页!ThesignificanceofNon-finites1.单项填空的需要。2009年北京高考卷第24、28、34题。24.Forbreakfastheonlydrinksjuicefromfreshfruit____onhisownfarm.A.grownB.beinggrownC.tobegrownD.togrow答案为：A高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第2页!28.Allofthemtrytousethepoweroftheworkstation___informationinamoreeffectiveway.A.presentingB.presentedC.beingpresentedD.topresent

34.___twice,thepostmanrefusedtodeliverourlettersunlesswechainedourdog.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbittenD.Tobebitten

答案为：28.D34.B高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第3页!3.书面表达的需要。

2009北京卷书面表达一.情景作文

（参考答案）

高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第4页!非谓语动词

答题技巧一、看缺谓语还是非谓语二、看主被动关系三、看时间关系高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第5页!辨别缺少谓语动词还是非谓语动词Hehadhisleg___(break)while___(play)football.2.___(notdo)suchdifficultworkbefore,hefeltitwasterriblyhardforhim.3.Thestudents,___(work)hardthewholeterm,wanttorelaxthemselvesduringthesummerholidays.4.Theyoungman,

___(believe)tobethesonofthedetective

___(bite)byasnakeanddied.

高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第6页!非谓语作状语的形式todoonlytodo/nevertododoing主动、同时havingdone主动、先于谓语发生done被动beingdone被动、同时havingbeendone被动、先于谓语发生高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第7页!5.Onewomanwaslyinginbed,awake,____(listen)totherushingwinds.6.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,____(follow)bysomestudents.7.____(catch)thefirstbus,hegotupveryearly.8.Hewentbackonly___(find)hishousebrokeninto.listeningfollowedTocatchtofind高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第8页!不定式做定语1.不定式做定语，表将来Thecartobeboughtisforhissister.2.用来修饰被序数词、最高级等限定的中心词。Hewasthebestmantodothejob.HewasthefirstwomantowinthegoldmedalintheOlympicGames.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第9页!现在/过去分词做定语doing主动beingdone被动、进行（正在被做）done被动、完成高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第10页!Thehouse____(build)nowwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse______(build)nextmonthwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse____(build)lastyearwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.beingbuilttobebuiltbuilt高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第11页!

主动被动todotobedonetobedoing……tohavedonetohavebeendone不定式

todo否定形式

复合结构nottodoforsbtodo高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第12页!Weintend

tohaveapicniconSunday.Ifind

itinterestingtoworkwithhim.Idon’tknow

howtoworkitout.Ourteacherencouragesustoreadmore.I’llshowyouhowtofindthemuseum.句型：1.动词+todo/howtodo2.动词+sb.todo/

sb.howtodo3.动词+it+形容词+todo宾语、宾补高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第13页!Ihavealotofwork

todo.

(doalotofwork;Idowork)Hehadnoroom

tolivein.(livein…room)Thefarmersthoughtofways

toprotecttheircrops.(=waysofprotecting…)Heisthefirst

toeeveryday.

定语高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第14页!找出不定式短语并判断做什么成分Theydon’tliketobetooclosetooneanother.Theywillmovebacktokeepacertaindistanceaway.Wouldyoulikemetodosomethingforyou?高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第15页!不定式主动表被动高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第16页!3、不定式与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上主谓关系Doyouhaveaknifetocutthewatermelon?4、由于表语形容词后，和句中主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.Thiskindoffishisnicetoeat.knifedifficultnice高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第17页!非谓语重点、难点非谓语作定语非谓语作补语非谓语作状语动词-ing和不定式todo习惯用法高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第18页!Thehouse____(build)nowwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse______(build)nextmonthwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.Thehouse____(build)lastyearwillbeusedasourclassroombuilding.beingbuilttobebuiltbuilt高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第19页!Iheardhimsingingasonginthenextroom.Iheardhimsingasongjustnow.IheardasongsungbyhiminEnglish.注意：1判断非谓语动词与宾语的主被动关系

2判断时间关系高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第20页!动词-ing和不定式todo习惯用法非谓语重点、难点高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第21页!某些V+todo作宾语决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。☆decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish/desire;

refuse,manage,care,pretend;☆offer,promise,choose,plan;

agree,ask/beg,help高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第22页!动词-ing---宾语1、以下词组后can’thelp,can’tstand,bebusy,feellikebeused

to,lookforward

to,devoteto,stick

to,object

to,

getdown

to,giveup,goon,keepon,insiston,putoff;thank..for；prevent…from;stop…fromhavedifficulty/troubleinhaveawonderful/hardtimein高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第23页!窗户该擦了.Thewindowneeds(requires/wants)cleaning=tobecleaned.这个地方值得参观.Theplaceisworth

visiting.Theplaceisworthy

of

beingvisited.Theplaceisworthy

tobevisited.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第24页!动词不定式todo1.一些固定的句型hadbetterdosth.wouldratherdosth.thandosth.prefertodoratherthandosth.

preferdoingtodoingWhynotdosth？/Whydosth?What/howaboutdoingsth?

高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第25页!不定式的省略，单独保留to1.动词：tell，ask，advise，wish，permit，force，expect,forget,refuse,intend,like,mean,seem,try,want,hope,love,be

afraid后的动词不定式可省，但留toIaskedhimtoseethefilm,buthedidn’twantto.2.形容词：不定式在happy，glad，eager，ready，willing，pleased的词后可以省略，但要保留不定式符号to。--Willyoujoininthegame?--I’dbegladto.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第26页!—Youshouldhavethankedherbeforeyouleft.—Imeant_____,butwhenIwasleavingIcouldn'tfindheranywhere.todoB.toC.doingD.doingto

B.to高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第27页!特殊情况独立成份:有些短语，不受上下文影响，叫做独立成份，常见的有Generallyspeaking,Franklyspeaking,Judgingfrom…Considering(takingeverythingintoconsideration)…Totellyouthetruth,Tobefrank,Comparedwith…高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第28页!make主动语态被动语态一般式进行式完成式一般式完成式不定式towritetobemakingtohavemadetobemadetohavebeenmade现在分词making

havingmadebeingmadehavingbeenmade动名词过去分词

made

非谓语动词用法比较详析高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第29页!5+3高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第30页!Translatethefollowingsentences:1.为了减肥，她每天只吃一些水果。2.我叔叔醒了,结果发现自己躺在医院病床上.3.由于不知道如何做这事，我向我的老师寻求帮助。4.被父亲打了一顿，那个小男孩不敢出门。5.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的同桌。高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第31页!5.在操场上踢足球的那个男孩是我的同桌。Theboyplayingfootballontheplaygroundismydeskmate.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第32页!2.阅读理解的需要。2009北京卷阅读E…Campingisabouthavingrelaxation,sleepingoutdoors,experiencingbadweathers,andmakingdowithoutmodernconveniences.Abusy,fully-equippedcampsite(野营地）seemstogoagainstthis,…看阅读5+3P218高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第33页!….Inthemorning,webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees,talkingandlaughing

allthetime.….Aftergettingtheworkdone,weputupaboardremindingpeopletoprotect

thetrees.Before

leaving

wetooksomephotostorecordourgreenaction.

Seeingthelinesoftrees,weallhadasenseofachievement.Wefeelit'sourdutytoprotectandbeautifyourenvironment.GREENACTIONINOURCLASS高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第34页!辨别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词iswritingwrittenhavewrittenwrotetohavebeenwrittenwritehavebeenwrittentowrite

havebeenwritingwriteshavingwritteniswrittenbeingwrittenwriting辨别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词iswritingwrittenhavewritten

wrotetohavebeenwrittenwritehavebeenwrittentowrite

havebeenwriting

writeshavingwritteniswritten

beingwrittenwriting高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第35页!非谓语作状语过去分词done---时间、原因、伴随、条件等现在分词doing--时间、原因、伴随不定式todo----目的、结果高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第36页!用所给动词的正确形式填空(doing/done/todo)1.____(knock)downbyacar,shehadtostayinbedforsometime.2.___(noreceive)anynewsfromhomeforsolong,shegotmoreandmorehomesick.3.____(cross)thestreet,shewasknockeddownbyamotorbike.4.____(heat),waterwillturnintovapor.KnockedNothavingreceivedCrossingHeated高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第37页!非谓语作定语现在分词doing----过去分词done----不定式todo----进行完成将来主动被动高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第38页!3.被修饰的词为抽象名词时，用不定式。常见的有：ability,chance,idea,fact,belief,way…DoyouhavetheabilitytoreadandwriteinEnglish?Ihavenochancetogosightseeing.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第39页!1.Ihaveneverseenamoremoving

movie.2.Listen!Thesong

beingsungisverypopularwiththestudents.3.Haveyoureadthenovel

writtenbyDickens?比较：Thequestion

tobediscussedattomorrow’smeetingisaveryimportantone.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第40页!不定式用法及功能高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第41页!Tolearnchemistrywell

isn’t

easy.(=)Howtosolvetheproblem

isveryimportant.Ourworkis

tocleanthewindows.Myquestion

is

whentostart.注意：1.谓语用单数形式2.用it做形式主语主语、表语Itisn’teasytolearnchemistrywell.)高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第42页!某些V+todo作宾语决心学会想希望，拒绝设法愿假装。主动答应选计划，同意请求帮一帮。☆decide/determine,learn,want,expect/hope/wish;

refuse,manage,care,pretend;☆offer,promise,choose,plan;

agree,ask/beg,help高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第43页!Weeattolive.Wedon’tlivetoeat.Peopleshaketheirheadsinordertoshowdisagreement.Heworkshardsoasto

catchupwiththeothersinhisclass.Heworkssohardasto

catchupwiththeothersinhisclass.Wewereveryexcitedtohearthenews.Hewokeuponly

tofindeverybodygone.inordertodo目的soastodo目的so…astodo结果onlytodo（未预料到的）结果状语高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第44页!Haveyougotanythingtosay?Itisapleasuretomeetyou.Wavingone’shandistosay“Goodbye”.Idon’tknowhowtomunicatewithforeigners.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第45页!–Wouldyouliketojoinusintheparty?--I’dliketo,butIhavealotofthings____.A.tobedoneB.tohavedoneC.todoD.beingdone2.Atpresent,Englishisthemainsubject____here.A.tobetaughtB.beingtaughtC.toteachD.teachingIEnglish1.

不定式与被修饰名词形成动宾关系，同时与句子主语形成主谓关系时，不定式用主动形式表被动。2.不定式与被修饰名词虽然形成动宾关系，但与句子主语并非主谓关系时，用被动形式。高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第46页!–Wouldyouliketojoinusintheparty?--I’dliketo,butIhavealotofthingstodo.2.Doyouhaveaknifetocutthewatermelon?3.Thisbookisdifficulttounderstand.

Readaloud高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第47页!非谓语作定语现在分词doing----过去分词done----不定式todo----进行完成将来主动被动高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第48页!非谓语作补语

主动？被动？高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第49页!Doyouliketheroom____________now?

A.cleaningB.tobecleaned

C.cleanedD.beingcleaned

2.Hehadhisleg______whileplayingfootball.A.breakingB.tobreakC.brokenD.bebrokenbeingcleanedbroken高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第50页!一、不定式todo-----作宾语1、常见的及物动词：wish,hope,intend,desire,expectask,refuse,agree,promise,plan;decide;

afford;offer,manage,pretend,fail;happentodo

（碰巧做某事）高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第51页!二、动词-ing---宾语以下动词直接动名词作宾语practice,keep,imagine,minddislike,enjoy,appreciateescape,avoid,miss,delay,admitfinish,risk,resist,suggest，excusepermit,allow,forbid,advise,considerV-ing作宾语；todo作宾补高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第52页!动词-ing---宾语2.动词need,require,want，beworth

作“需要”解时，其后用动名词的主动性式或不定式的被动形式作宾语。

need,require,want还可以跟不定式作宾语补足语。物+need/require/want+doing=tobedoneneed,require,wantsb.todosth.beworth+表示钱数/相当于钱数的名词beworthdoingsth./n.beworthyofsth.beworthyofbeingdone=tobedone高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第53页!只能用V-ing作宾语的动词口诀：考虑建议盼原谅，承认推迟没得想。避免错过继续练，否认完成就欣赏。禁止想象才冒险，不禁介意准逃亡。☆consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon

admit,delay/putoff,fancy(设想；猜测).☆avoid,misskeep/keepon,practice

deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate☆forbid,imagine,riskcan’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape《5+3》P61高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第54页!不定式==作宾语2.to的省略当but之前有do的某种形式；Wecoulddonothingbut

wait.Wehadnothingtodo

but

wait.can’tchoosebutdo;can’thelpbutdoWecouldn’tchoose

but

standhim.Wecan’thelp

buttellhimthetruth.Wehavenochoicebut

towait.高三语法非谓语复习共62页，您现在浏览的是第55页!不定式的省略注意：1）其否定形式的省略式notto.--shallIgoinsteadofhim?--Iprefernotto.2）如果不定式中含有“be,havedone,havebeen”,则通常保留be,have,havebeen--Areyouasailor?--No,butIusedtobe.--Hehasn’tfinishedyet.--Well,heoughttohave.--Theworkhasn’tbeenfinishedyet.--well,itoughttohavebeen