2021-2022学年北京市房山区市级名校高三冲刺模拟英语试卷含解析

2021-2022高考英语模拟试卷注意事项：.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0・5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分（共20小题，每小题L5分，满分30分）Manythoughtthatafterstarringintheimmenselypopulardrama,NirvanainFire,HuGewouldandactivelyseeknewroles.A.makeamountainoutofamolehillB・havetoomanyironsinthefirestrikewhiletheironishotD.putthecartbeforethehorseThegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitwillbesometimethesituationimproves.A.since B.whenC.unlessD.beforeYoulookbeautifulinthisdressandthereisonlyoneofthiskindlefthere.Iwonderifyouwouldbuy.A.it B.oneC.someD.anyBetweenthetwogenerations,itisoftennottheirage,theireducationthatcausesmisunderstanding.A.like B.as C.or D.but—Eachofthestudentsworkinghardattheirhardattheirlessonsthebook.・・・SohaveI.readshavereadhasreadreadNobodyknowswhytheboycantellwhafswrittenonthepaperinanotherroomwithoutlookingatit.Itreallyexplanation.A.preventsB.challengesC.interruptsD.confusesTheleadersoftheBRICScountriesFridayreachedimportantonbuildinganopenworldeconomyandimprovingglobaleconomicgovernance（管理）duringtheirinformalmeetingonthesidelinesoftheG20SummitinHamburg,Germany.A.considerationB.consensusC.commitmentD.confirmationItisnotsurprisingthenewcourseonelectronicgameshasattractedmanystudents.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whereTheonlyproblemwaswekeptgettinglost!ButpeopleinTianjinareveryfriendlyandhelpful.A.why B.whetherC.thatD.how—Whatapity!Youmissedmybirthdayparty.—Terriblysorry!myunclenotvisitedmeunexpectedly.A.Should B.WouldC.HadD.DidIfIitwithmyowneyesJwouldn'thavebelievedit.A.didn't B.weren'tseeingC.wouldn'tseeD.hadn'tseenItissometimessaidthatasocietycanbejudgedthewayitcaresitsweakestmembers.A.on;aboutB.by;forC.under;withD.with;onItwasonlyafterafamilyrelatedconversationIfoundoutshewasactuallymydistantcousin.A.when B.thatC.whichD.who40gramsofmeatperdayispeopleshouldconsumeinordertostayfit.A.that B.whyC.how D.whatIt'sforpeopletoblametrafficjams,thecostofgasandthegreatspeedofmodernlife.A.reasonable B.availableC.accurateD.cautious—Whatdidshewanttoknow,Tom?—Shewonderedwecouldcompletetheexperiment.A.whenwasit B.itwaswhenthatC.itwaswhenD.whenitwasthatWethetopofthemountainbutforthisawfulweather.Itrainedallday.A.willreachB.wouldreachC.havereachedD.wouldhavereachedThosehavesixormoreclosefriendsaredescribedas“veryhappy**.B.whoA•whoseB.whoC.whichD.when—HowlongdoyouthinkitwillbetheStockMarketreturnstonormal?—Atleastoneyear,Iguess.A.whenB.beforeC.untilD.that—Aretherepairsfinishedyet?—Yes,theywhenIcamebackhome.A.wouldbecompletedB.wouldcompleteC.hadcompletedD.hadbeencompleted第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。（6分）Christmaswasnearaseasonthatwetookseriouslyinourhouse.Butaweekorsobeforethe25th,myfatherwouldgiveeachofhischildren$20.Thiswasthe1970s,and$20wasquiteabitofmoney.ButIsawitdifferently.Myfathertrustedmetohavethesmarttospendmoneywisely.Evenbetter,hegavemethemeanstogetit.Onaverybasiclevel,myfatherwasgivingmeashoppingspree（狂欢）everyyear..Buthewasalsogivingmechargeovermyownfun,trustingmyabilitytomanagemoneyandmakingmefeellikeagrown-up.Hedidn'tbuymeSherlockHolmes,buthegavemethemeanstowalkintothebookstoreandchooseitformyself,soitfeltlikeagiftfromhim.MymotherhadagiftforgivingmewhatIneeded,usuallyrightatthemomentIneededitmost.ThiswaswhenIwas25,1failedatbeinganadultonmyveryfirsttry.Ihadquittedmypreviousjobbuthadnonewone.Butwhenmymotherpaidmeavisit,Iputonagoodshow,tellingherIhadstartedmyowncompany.MymotherknewthatIwastryinghardandfailingatthattime.Itwasn'tuntilaftersheleftthatInoticedatthefootofmybedanenvelopethickwithcash.SheknewhowdesperatelyIneededit.Sheknewthathadshejustshownupwithgroceries,orofferedtopaymyrent,shewouldhavemademefeelmuchworse.Thecold,hardcashmeantshewashelpingme.And,funnilyenough,thedistancewithwhichshegavethegiftfeltlikeshewasgivingmespacetofixmylifeandpreservemydignity.Mymotherandfatherbothdidthesamething.Onewasgivingmethemeanstotakemyowndecisions,andtheotherwasgivingmeasecondchancewhenthosedecisionshadcostmedearly.1、Whatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?HisfamilyoncecelebratedChristmashappily.Hisfathergavetheauthorchancestomakedecisions.HisbestmemoriesaboutChristmaswereinthe1970s.Heusedtochoosebooksashisfather'sgiftonChristmas.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword"it"inParagraph2referto?A.moneyofferedbyhisfather.B.fathergenerouswithmoney.C.Christinasbeingimportant.D.themeansofspendingmoney.3、Whenhewas25yearsold,theauthor.A.plannedtoopenhiscompanyB.becameinterestedinshowsC.gavehismotheragiftD.wasoutofwork4、Whichwordcanbestdescribetheauthor'smother?A.sensitive.B.optimistic.C.considerate.D.determined.22.（8分）Bothhoneybeesandantsaresocialinsectsthatliveingroupscalledcolonies.Theysurvivebymeansoftheircollectiveintelligence.Theirdecision-makingpowerisdistributedthroughoutthegroup;thatis,nooneantorbeemakesdecisionsforthegroup.Instead,theyworktogether.AsDeborahM.Gordon,abiologistatStanfordUniversity,says,“Antsaren*tsmart.Antcoloniesare.”Thesameistrueforbeecolonies.Althoughbeesandantsarequitedifferentphysically,theyhavealotincommonintermsoftheirsocialbehavior.Specifically,honeybeesandantshavesimilarroleswithinthecolony,bothhavecommunicationsystems,andbothhavethecapacityforlearning.Antscommunicatebyusingchemicalscalledpheromones,whichcanalertotherstodangerortoafoodsource.Forexample,whenworkerantsfindapromisingsource,theylettherestofthecolonyknowhowtofinditbyleavingatrailofpheromonesonthewaybacktothecolony.Theotherantspickupthemessageusingtheirsenseofsmell.Bees,ontheotherhand,usemovementtocommunicatewitheachother.WorkerbeessendmessagestoeachotherbymeansofaMdanceM.Differentspeedsandmovementssenddifferentmessages.Forexample,whenworkerbeescalledscoutsgoouttofindanewhomeforthecolony,theyreturnanddoadancefortheotherworkerbeesthatindicatesthelocationofthenewhomeandhowsuitableitis.Thefasterthescoutsdance,thebetterthenewlocationis.Honeybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning.OneChinesestudyfoundthatbeescanbetrainedtolearnandrememberaroutetoafoodsource.Theresearchersalsofoundthatbeescanbetaughttorecognizehiddenobjectsandusetheconceptsof“sameness"and"difference"toaccomplishcertaintasks.Antstakethisonestepfurther.RecentAmericanresearchhasshownthatantsnotonlyhavetheabilitytolearn,butalsocanteachtheirforagingskillstootheryoungerants.Theyobservedthatolderantsaccompanyyoungantsinsearchoffoodandteachthemtherouteandhowtoavoidobstacles.Aswecansee,thesocialbehaviorofhoneybeesandantsisquitesimilar.Bothcoordinatecomplexactionsandaccomplishcrucialsurvivaltasksbycooperatingingroupsconsistingofmanyindividuals.Unintelligentastheymaybeasindividuals,asgroupstheyoftenshowamazingbrillianceastheygoabouttheireverydayactivities.1、Whatdoantsandbeeshaveincommon?Theyliveinsimilar-sizedcolonies.Theymakeuseofcollectiveintelligence.Theyhavesmallleadershipgroupsthatmakealldecisions.Theyusethesamemethodstocommunicatewitheachother.2、Whatdoesthespeedofabee'sdanceindicate?Thequalityofanewcolonylocation.Thedistancetoaneighboringcolony.Thediscoveryofanewfoodsource.Thedirectiontoapotentialfoodsource.3、Inparagraph3,howdoestheauthordemonstratetheideathatHoneybeesandantsarebothcapableoflearning?Byusingstatistics.Byexplainingreasons.Byreferencingopinions.Bypresentingstudyfindings.4、Whatisthebenefitofcollectiveintelligence?Itallowsthecolonytoreproducemorerapidly.Itimprovesworkcooperationwithinthecolony.Itreducesthedivisionoflabouramongmembers.Itenablesindividualstoteacheachothernewskills.23.（8分）ThetheatreinShakespeareystimewasmuchdifferentthanitistoday.Authorswroteplaysforthemasses,especiallythosewhocouldn'treadorwrite.ThetheatrechangedalotduringShakespeare'slifetime.Theauthoritiesdidn'tlikeitanddidn'tallowactinginthecityitself:Theythoughtithadabadinfluenceonpeopleandkeptthemfromgoingtochurch.QueenElizabeth,ontheotherhand,lovedactingandhelpedthetheatrebecomepopular.ThetheatreinShakespeare'stimewasfulloflife.Peopledidnotsitallthetimeanditwasnotquietduringtheperformance.Theaudiencecouldwalkaround,eatanddrinkduringtheplay.Theaterswereopenarenasorplayhousesthathadroomforuptothreethousandpeople.Therewasalmostnoscenerybecausethedialoguewasthemostimportantpartoftheplay.Colourfulandwell-designedcostumeswereveryimportantandtoldthepeopleaboutthestatusofacharacter.Womenneverperformedinplays,80youngboysplayedfemalecharacters.Theperformancestookplaceintheafternoonbecauseitwastoodarkatnight.Therewasnostagecrewasthereistoday.Actorshadtodoeverythingthemselves-frommakingcostumestosettingthestage.Playswereorganizedbyactingcompanies.Theyperformedabout6differentplayseachweekbecausetheyneededmoneytosurvive.Theyhadalmostnotimetorehearse（排练）.ThecompaniesinShakespeare'stimehadaranksystem.Thecompanybelongedtoshareholdersandmanagers.Theywereresponsibleforeverythingandgotmostofthemoneywhenthecompanywassuccessful.Sometimestheyevenownedtheirownbuildings.Actorsworkedforthemanagersandaftersometimebecameapermanentmemberofthecompany.Apprentices（学徒）wereyoungboysandwereallowedtoactinunimportantrole.Theyalsoplayedfemalecharactersinplays.KWhywasthetheatrebannedbytheauthorities?Itwasmuchdifferentthanbefore.Theythoughtitaflectedpeoplenegatively.Theythoughtitkeptpeoplegoingtochurch.Thequeendidn'tlikeit.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“arenas"inParagraph4mean?A.Stages. B.Stores.C.Companies. D.Playgrounds.3、Whatdoweknowaboutthenactors?Theycoulddrinkduringtheplay.Womenhadtocross-dressmalecharacters.Theyhadstagecrewtohelpthem.Theyweretoobusytopractice.4、Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A,TorememberShakespeare.ToshowhisloveofShakespeare^plays.TointroducetheatersinShakespeare,stime.Todiscussthecompany'sranksystem.24.（8分）Ifyou'reeverreadingabookorwatchingamovieandgettheclearfeelingthatyou'vecomeacrossthestorybefore_orevenbetter,canpredictexactlywhat*sgoingtohappennext—therecouldbeagoodreasonforthat.ResearchersfromtheComputationalStoryLaboratoryattheUniversityofVermontstudiedthecompletetextofsome1,737fictionworksavailableonProjectGutenberg,anonlinecollectionofmorethan50,000digitalbooksinthepublicarea.TheydiscoveredthatEnglishliteratureconsistofjustsixkindsofemotionalarcs（情感弧线）thatmakeupnearlyallofthemostwell-knownstories.Byanalyzingthesentiment(情感)oflanguageusedinthesetexts,theresearcherswereabletoshowtheemotionalupsanddownsforthestoriesasawhole.Theydiscoveredthatnegativewordslike“poverty"，"dead"，and“punishment“draggedtheemotiondown,whilepositivetermslike“love”，“peace",and"friend”broughtitup.Accordingtotheresearchers,thosesixcoreemotionalarcsare："Ragstoriches”(Anongoingemotionalrise)"Tragedy,orrichestorags"(Anongoingemotionalfall)"Maninahole"(Afallfollowedbyarise)"Icarus”(Arisefollowedbyafall)uCinderella^^(Rise-fail-rise)fcfcOedipusM(Fall-rise-fall)Interestingly,basedondownloadstatisticsfromProjectGutenberg,theresearcherssaythemostpopularstoriesareonesthatusemorecomplexemotionalarcs,withtheCinderellaandOedipusarcsregisteringthemostdownloads.Alsopopularareworksthatcombinethesecorearcstogetherinnewwayswithinonestory,suchastwo“Maninahole”arcsstucktogether,orthe"Cinderella”arccoupledwithatragicending.1、Readersoftenfeelfamiliarwhenreadinganewstorybecausestorieshavesimilar.beginnings B.endingsC.characters D.emotionalarcs2、Howdidresearcherscarryouttheirstudy?A.Byconductingsurveysamongreaders.Byreadingbooksborrowedfromlibraries.Byanalyzingworksfromanonlinecollection.Byinterviewingauthorsofthewell-knownstories.3、Whichsetofwordsmaydragemotiondown?A.Hope,fortuneandriches. B.Disease,murderandwar.C.Smile,healthandbeauty. D.Cold,earthquakeandspring.4、Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichkindofworksarethemostpopularamongreaders?Workswithanongoingemotionalrise.Workswithanongoingemotionalfall.Workswitharisefollowedbyafall.D.Workswithmorethanoneriseandfall.25.（10分）Theyear2114willbeaneventfuloneforart.InMayofthatyearinBerlin,thephilosopher-artistJonathonKeats9"centurycameras”-cameraswitha100-year-longexposure（曝光）time-willbebroughtbackfromhidingplacesaroundthecitytohavetheirresultsdevelopedandexhibited.Sixmonthsafterthat,theFutureLibraryinOslo,Norway,willopenitsdoorsforthefirsttime,presenting100booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedinthedistantpastof2014.AsKatiePaterson,thecreatoroftheFutureLibrary,putsit:"FutureLibraryisanarhvorkforfuturegenerations."Theseprojects,morethanacenturyinthemaking,arepartofanewwaveofWslowart“intendedtopushviewersandparticipantstothinkbeyondtheirownlifetimes.Theyaimtochallengetoday'sshort-termthinkingandthebriefattentionspansofmodernconsumers,forcingpeopleintoconsideringworksmoredeliberately.Intheirway,too,theyarefightingagainstmodernculture-notjustregardingmoney,butalsothewayinwhichartisticworthismeasuredbyattention.Inasimilarfashion,everyAprilonSlowArtDay,visitorsareencouragedtostareatfiveworksofartfor10minutesatatime-atoughtaskfortheaveragemuseumvisitor,whotypicallyspendslessthan30secondsoneachpieceofart.LiketheFutureLibrary,thecenturycamerasareverymuchaprojectforcities,sinceifsincitiesthattimerunsfastestandthepaceoflifeisfastest.46SinceIstartedlivinginacity,I'vesomehowbeenquitedisconnected,MAnneBeateHovind,theFutureLibraryprojectmanager,whodescribedhowworkingonthelibrarydrewherbacktothepaceoflifesheknewwhenshewasgrowinguponafarminheryouth,toldTheAtlanticmagazine.1、Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatwillNOThappenin2114?Acamerawhichwasproduced100yearsagowillbeexhibited.TheFutureLibrarywillbeopentothepublicforthefirsttime.Photoswitha100-yearexposuretimewillbedevelopedandexhibited.Booksprintedonthewoodoftreesplantedin2014willbedisplayed.2、Whatcanwelearnabouttoday'speople'sattitudetowardworksofart?Theyconsiderworksdeliberately.Theyspendlittletimeonworks.Theyspendmuchmoneyonworks.Theystareatworksfor10minutesatatime.3、Whatisthepurposeofthewaveofslowart?Toadvocatecreatingworksofartslowly.Toprotectworksofartfrombeingdamaged.Topromoteworksofartformodernculture.Toencouragepeopletoconsiderworksmoredeliberately.4、HowwouldAnneBeateHovindfeelaboutthecitylife?It9sdiscouraging.Ifsawful.Ifsdeveloped.Ifsbusy.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.（30分）It'safamilytraditiontogotodinneratmygrandmother^houseforal）majorholidays.Afterthemeal，theyoungestchildrengotothebasementtoplaygames,]theremainderofmyfamilywithdrawtothelivingroom.Forseveralyears,I'dremainatthe2 dinnertable»readingwhateverbookhadcaughtmyinterest.I'llneverforgetthedaywhenthisall3 ,Myauntcameintothedinningroomandsaid,“ 4thatbookandtalktomebeforeIhityouwiththisfork!^^rdbeencontenttoremaintheattentivelistener> 5nothing,buthearingeverything.Thencamethe6thatIwasantisocialytowhichI7withasilentsmile.TherewasatimewhenIfoolishlybelievedmyfamilywouldacceptmypreference；8 ,theyseemtobelievethattheyshouldencouragemeto9 .Inmyopinion.I'mtheonlyonethathasadaptedwelltothefamilial（熟悉的）talkativeness.Whatwouldbethe10ofallthesevoicesifthereweren'tsomeonetoshutupand11 ?My12isn'ttheonlythingmyfamilyfindspuzzling.Iwouldscream“No!”at2a.m.13acharacterwashorrificallykilled.IbecomeactiveatnightinsummersoIcanlistentomusicyread,andwritewithoutthe14ofmybrothersandsisters»whoseemtothinkifIwanttobe15theyshouldcomenearmeandmakeasmuch16aspossible.Myfamilydoesn'tcompletely17allofmyactions.They'rewellawareofwhatmakesme18isreadingwhilesittinginoneoftheblackcomfortablechairs.Pve19thatreadingabookofanygreatlengthwouldmakeitextremely20formyparentstogetmefromthechair.Fortunatelytheyhavelearnedtoacceptmyactions.1、A.ifB.whileC.untilD.thoughA.highB.smallC.emptyD.dustyA.improvedB.happenedC.failedD.changed4、A.BurnB.FinishC.ShutD.Hide5、A.acceptingB.followingC.mixingD.saying6、A.commentB.planC.secretD.evidence7、A.celebratedB.respondedC.linkedD.supplied8、A.howeverB.thereforeC.meanwhileD.besides9、A.learnB.paintC.practiceD.speak10、A.harmB.causeC.pointD.beauty11、A.agreeB.watchc.workD.listen12、A.painB.dreamC.silenceD.curiosity13、A.unlessB.because1C.orD.but14、A.presenceB.criticismC.ideaD.help15、A.carefulB.alonec.kindD.independent16>A.noiseB.gressD.room17、A.missB.forgetc.avoidD.misunderstand18、A.surprisedB.puzzledC.delightedD.frightened19、A.imaginedB.realizedC.reportedD.guessedA.difficultB.funnyC.dangerousD.easy第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（15分）HasJackieChanretired?Surprise!Hereleasedanewfilm.Arepeatofhisactionfilmin1. 1970s,PoliceStory2013isabouta（devote）policemannamedZhongWen（Jackie）,workssohardthathedoesn'thavetimeforhisfamily.AsZhongWenisoccupied4.hisjob,hisdaughterMiaomiao（playedbyJingTian）becomesrebellious（叛逆的）andgetsintoarelationshipwiththebarownerWuJiang（playedbyLiuYe）.MiaomiaoasksZhongtomeetheratherboyfriend'sbar,not5^_（know）thatshe'sbeingusedbyWuJiangtogettoherfather.WuJiangthenkeepsthebar'scustomersashostages（人质）andasksforthefreedomofFu,a6,（crime）capturedbyZhongyearsago.JackieChansaidthat7.（physical）,hehadahardtimewiththefilmbecausehedidthefightsceneswithrealmixedmartialartsfighters.uThefightswerewithgenuineMMA（mixedmartialarts）boxers,notstunt（替身）men,“JackieChanrevealed（透露）.“So,8.didn'tknowhowtocontroltheirstrengthwhenwe9.（film）thefightsequences（片段）・Thosewererock-hardandsolidkicks.”PoliceStory2013,10.（bring）byMegavisionInc,willbeonatthecinemaonJanuary22.第四部分写作（共两节）第一节短文改错（满分10分）（10分）请修改下面这篇短文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除和修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（八），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1、每处错误及其修改仅限一词；2,只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。StephenHawking,thebrilliantfigureinthemodernhistoryofphysics,passedawayonMarch14、Heisfamousforhisworkonblackholesorrelativity>Althoughhewasnotabletospeakorwrite,buthepublishedmanybest-sellersonscience,includedABriefHistoryofTime>Weadmirehimnotonlyforthathedid