四级卷子解析

四级卷子解析四级卷子解析四级卷子解析四级卷子解析编制仅供参考审核批准生效日期地址：电话：传真:邮编:卷一：选词填空名词：A)attendance出席I)mood情绪，心情L)performance性能，表演M)review复习，回顾F)essential本质，要素动词：E)dropping落下（-ing）H)flow流动M)review复习，回顾N)survive幸存，生还O)tend趋向，倾向形容词：C)current现在的，通用的D)depressing压抑的F)essential基本的，必要的G)feasible可行的副词：B)consequently因此J)mutually互相地K)particularly特别地tend动词辨析题。空格前是插入语，句子真正主语是children，空格后是介词to，此处缺少谓语动词，主语是children，时态为一般现在时，谓语动词应为原形，同时与to搭配，选Otend，倾向于做某事，研究表明锻炼更多的孩子倾向于有获得更高的GPA,并且在考试中获得更高的分数。review名词辨析题。空格前是不定冠词a，空格后是介词of，此处缺少名词。备选项中，只有review代入可以使句子通顺，在对14项研究的回顾中，译为回顾，选M。名词辨析题。空格前是and并列结构，and之前是一个名词短语physicalactivity，因此空格后缺少名词，可以跟academic搭配同时跟physicalactivity形成并列结构，带有“活动”之意，选Lperformance。particularly副词辨析题。句子成分完整，缺少副词，研究者发现孩子们动的越多，在学校里取得的分数就越好，特别是在数学，英语，阅读这些基础学科方面，选Ksurvive动词辨析题。空格前是to，struggletodosth，尽力做某事。对于体育活动的数据研究刺激了正在进行的是否因为学校靠减少预算来维持正常活动从而要将体育课取消的争论。选动词原形，备选项中，survive符合文章意思。Surviveon靠…生存。dropping动词辨析题。with引导一个伴随状语，成分中缺少一个非谓语动词，选E。随着近年来美国标准化测试分数的降低，一些行政人员认为学生应该花更多时间在教室里而不是操场上。mutually副词辨析题。空格位于系动词和形容词之间，应填入副词修饰形容词，前面是exercise和academics，运动和学习不应该是互相独立的。因此应为互相地，选Jflow动词辨析题。体育活动可以促进血液流到大脑，增强记忆力，注意力和创造力，选H，flow。essential形容词辨析题。空格前是系动词are，空格后是tolearning，此处缺少形容词，对学习是必要的，选essential。mood名词辨析题。动词后缺少名词，空格后是减轻压力，并且由and连接，空格前应与压力有并列关系，因此选mood。活动可以释放能够改善情绪和缓解压力的荷尔蒙，这些也可以帮助学习。快速阅读FindingtheRightHome—andContentment,Too答案：ELBHNJFCIG解析36.Manypeoplefeelguiltywhentheycannotfindaplaceotherthananursinghomefortheirparents.E)Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t通过guilty，nursinghome定位到文章E段，Areasonableassumption—don’tfamiliesstruggletoavoidnursinghomesandsufferrealguiltiftheycan’t以一个反义疑问句指出，很多家庭都在尽力去避免把老人送进养老院，并且当他们不能避免这种情况出现时，就会感到惭愧，otherthan而不是，对应于原文中的struggletoavoid，题目是对原文E段最后一句的同义转述。ithelpsforchildrentoinvestigatecarefacilities,involvingtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant.L)Ofcourse,sonsanddaughterswanttovisitthefacilities,talktotheadministratorsandresidentsandotherfamilies,anddoeverythingpossibletofulfilltheirduties.Butperhapstheydon’thavetoturnthemselvesintoprivateinvestigatorsorCongressionalsubcommittees.“Familiescanlookabitmoreforwheretheresidentsaregoingtobehappy，”Dr.Sloanesaid.Andinvolvingthefutureresidentintheprocesscanbeveryimportant.通过investigate和involvngtheirparentsinthedecision-makingprocessmayproveveryimportant定位到文章L段，文章中提出子女们会去实地考察配套的设施，并且跟行政人员，当地居民以及家庭交流，并且尽可能实现自己的职责。但是他们需要更关注于住在哪里的居民幸福指数更高。并且同时，Sloane博士指出将未来的邻居考虑在内是非常重要的过程。题目是对段落的概括总结。isreallydifficulttotellifassistedlivingisbetterthananursinghome.B)Doesassistedlivingreallymarkagreatimprovementoveranursinghome,orhastheindustrysimplyhiredbetterinteriordesignersItisgenuinelyhardtoknow.典型的同义替换题。通过assistedliving定位至文章B段，文章中提出辅助生活真的要比疗养院更有利吗，又或者该行业仅仅是雇佣了更好的室内设计师吗这个真的很难说。reallydifficulttotell是对原文genuinelyhardtoknow的同义替换，betterthananursinghome是对agreatimprovementoveranursinghome的同义替换，题目是对原文的同义转述。aresidentfeelsdependsonaninteractionbetweenthemselvesandthecarefacilitytheylivein.H)Itisaninteractionbetweenthepersonandtheplace,notthesortofplaceinitself,thatleadstobetterorworseexperiences.“Youcan’tjustsay,‘Let’sputthispersoninaresidentialcarehomeinsteadofanursinghome—shewillbemuchbetteroff,”Dr.Robisonsaid.Whatmatters,sheadded,“isacombinationofwhatpeoplebringinwiththem,andwhattheyfindthere.”通过interaction定位至文章H段，原文中指出这是人与地点的相处，而不是地点本身能决定较好或较坏的体验，人们并不能说给一个人固定的陪伴和住所而不是住在疗养院她就可以住的更好，很正重要的是，将人给予环境的和从环境中发现的相结合起来。题目是对原文的概括和同义转述。authorthinksherfriendmadearationaldecisioninchoosingamorehospitableplaceoveranapparentlyelegantassistedlivinghome.N)Thedaughterfearedhermotherwouldbeignoredthere,andsoshedecidedtomoveherintoamorewelcomingfacility.Basedonwhatisemergingfromsomeofthisresearch,thatmighthavebeenasrationalawayasanytoreachadecision.Rationaldecision定位至N段，M段指出女儿带母亲去一个比较昂贵的看起来比较优雅的疗养院，但是没有人问候她们，女儿怕母亲会被忽视，因此她决定将母亲安顿在一个更热情友好的地方，这个决定是明智的，题目中的hospitable是对原文welcoming的同义替换，题目是对N段的概括和同义转述。systemMedicaredevelopedtoratenursinghomequalityisoflittlehelptofindingasatisfactoryplace.J)thatMedicaredevelopedin2008tohelpfamiliescomparenursinghomequalityalsohaslittlerelationshiptohowsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare.典型的同义替换题。oflittlehelp是haslittlerelationship的同义替换，satisfactoryplace是howsatisfieditsresidentsortheirfamilymembersare的同义替换，题目是对原文J段这句话的同义转述。firsttheresearchersofthemostrecentstudyfoundresidentsinassistedlivingfacilitiesgavehigherscoresonsocialinteraction.F)Intheinitialresults,assistedlivingresidentsdidpaintthemostpositivepicture.Theywerelesslikelytoreportsymptomsofdepressionthanthoseintheotherfacilities,forinstance,andlesslikelytobeboredorlonely.Theyscoredhigheronsocialinteraction.由higherscoresonsocialinteraction定位至文章F段，atfirst是对文章intheinitial的同义转述，在最初的结果中，辅助生活的居民确实呈现出了最积极的结果，他们不像其他机构那样有可能去报道压力的症状，例如厌烦和孤独，他们在社会互动中得到更高的分数。题目是对文章的概括和同义转述。kindofcarefacilityoldpeopleliveinmaybelessimportantthanwethink.C)Iamabouttomakethingsmorecomplicatedbysuggestingthatwhatkindoffacilityanolderpersonlivesinmaymatterlessthanwehaveassumed.由whatkindofcarefacilityoldpeoplelivein定位至文章C段，lessimportant对应原文中的matterless，wethink对应原文中的wehaveassumed，作者提出老人居住环境的情况并不像我们想象的那么重要，题目是对原文的同义转换。findingsofthelatestresearchweresimilartoanearliermulti-statestudyofassistedliving.I)Suchfindings,whichruncountertocommonsense,havesurfacedbefore.典型的同义转换题目。similartoanearliermulti-statestudy与havesurfacedbefore同义转换。根据findings定位到文章I段，同义转述。resident’ssatisfactionwithacarefacilityhasmuchtodowithwhethertheyhadparticipatedinthedecisiontomoveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere.G)Whetherresidentsfeltinvolvedinthedecisiontomoveandhowlongtheyhadlivedtherealsoprovedsignificant.根据participatedinthedecision和moveinandhowlongtheyhadstayedthere定位至文章G段，居民是否参与决定搬家并且他们要居住多久也被证实是重要的。Hasmuchtodo对应文章中的significant。题目是对文章的同义转述。仔细阅读Questions46to50arebasedonfollowingpassage.Passageone46.CItcanbeavoidedifhumanvaluesaretranslatedintotheirlanguage.定位到第一段，Thisdangercanbeavoidedifwefigureouthowtoturnhumanvaluesintoaprogrammablecode.前一句提到了机器人有可能会成为一种威胁，后一句提到如果我们可以想出能够把人类价值转换成计算机编码，这种威胁就可以避免。C项是原文的同义转换。47.DTheyareill-bred.由invadeourpersonalspace定位到第四段最后”obviouslythereare…，youwouldn’tthinkthat‘sthekindofthingaproperlybrought-uppersonwoulddo.”你不会觉得这是一个受过良好教育的人会做的事。Ill-bred是粗野的，没有教养的，答案是对最后一句话的同义转述。48.CBypickinguppatternsfrommassivedataonhumanbehavior.题目中问到机器人如何学习人类价值，Robertslearnhumanvalues定位到第六段“Robertscouldalsolearnvaluesfromdrawingpatternsfromlargesetsofdataonhumanbehavior”机器人也可以从关于人类行为的数据中去学习人类价值，C项符合原文。49.CTriggeritsbuilt-inalarmsystematonce题干问当面临一个非常规情景时，具有良好编程的机器人会怎么办，Unusualsituaton定位到第九段“Iftherobotisunsurewhetherananimalissuitableforthemicrowave,ithastheopportunetostop,sendoutbeeps(嘟嘟声),andaskfordirectionsfromahuman.“C项是对答案的同义转述。50.ADeterminewhatismoralandethical.题目中问到我们将人类价值转变成程序代码时面临的最大困难是什么定位至最后一段，“themostdifficultstepinprogramming…decidingexactlywhatwebelieveismoral,andhowtocreateasetofethicalrules.”最难的一步是确定什么是道德的，并且怎样去制订一系列的道德准则。PassageTwo51.Atoseewhetherpeople’spersonalityaffectstheirlifespan主旨题。题目问的是研究目的是什么，定位至第一段最后一句“Anewstudyinthe…246childrenofpeoplewhohadlivedtobeatleast100“定位句前一段提到了personality和longevity，研究是围绕二者关系展开的，A项提到了personality和lifespan，并且指出是否性格会影响到寿命，故答案为A。B,C均未提及，D项出现了all，太绝对，文章只介绍了性格和寿命的关系，这是干扰选项。Theyaremorelikelytogetoverhardship.推断题。题目问到关于乐观开朗的人，作者有什么看法。Outgoing和sympethetic定位至第二段，最后一句“thosewholiketomakefriendsandhelpotherscangatherenoughresourcestomakeitthroughtoughtimes”乐于交友的人可以有更充足的资源来帮助他们度过艰难时期。D选项getoverhardship是同义选项，A项，B项并非定位区间的词，C项resourceful是原文中定位句出现的，但是后面的todo才是强调的部分，所以C项是干扰选项。53.CSuchpersonalitycharacteristicsasself-disciplinehavenoeffectonlongevity.题干问到这项研究能或多或少证实我们哪些期望定位至第三段“Interestingly,however,othercharacteristicsthatyoumightconsideradvantageoushadnoimpactonwhetherstudyparticipantswerelikelytolivelonger.Thosewhoweremoreself-disciplined,forinstance,werenomorelikelytolivetobeveryold.“然而，一些其他的你认为有优势的性格特点对于参与者是否能够长寿没有影响，例如，越自律的人，并不是更有可能寿命长。C项是对这两句话的概括。54.DMothers’negativepersonalitycharacteristicsmayaffecttheirchildren’slifespans..题干问关于挪威妈妈们的研究显示了什么。Norwegian定位至第五段，“Thatstudylookedatnearly28,000Norwegianmothersandfoundthatthosemomswhoweremoreanxious,depressedandangryweremorelikelytofeedtheirkidsunhealthydiets.”foundthat后面即为答案，更焦虑，压力大且易怒的妈妈更有可能带给孩子不健康的饮食。D项是同义转述。55.BLongevityresultsformacombinationofmentalandphysicalhealth.题干问这两项新的研究成果表明了什么定位至最后一段最后一句“Butbothstudiesshowthatlonglifeisn'tjustamatterofyourphysicalhealthbutofyourmentalhealth.”Showthat后面即为答案，长寿跟身体和心理的健康都有关系。B项是这句话的同意转述。作文一Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.解析：从题目中的内容可以了解，这是写给朋友的一封感谢信，而且是感谢在最困难的时候朋友给出的帮助。所以我们可以设定场景，想象你在最困难的时候发生的一些事情，设置为我们的写作背景，然后表达自己对朋友的感谢。文章大纲：一：表明写信目的或缘由，表达感谢二：说明原因三：再次感谢，祝福范文：ALettertoCuiYuanDearCuiYuan：ThankyousomuchforyourhelpduringthosedayswhenIwastravellinginyourcity.（直接表明目的，表达感谢之情）Iwouldnothaveknownhowtopassthelast9dayswithoutyourkindwordstocomfortmeandyourcompanytohelpmefindmywalletback.Istillrememberthatdayclearlywhenmyluggagewithallmypersonalbelongingswaslostwhilepreparingtogetoffthetrain.（直接叙事，说明感谢的原因）IknewnothingaboutwhatIwasgoingtodonextbecauseIwastravellingalonethattimeandmyphonewasgonewithmyluggage.Ihadnomoney,nofriendsandnocardsincludingmyIDcardatthatmoment.Youcouldn’tevenimaginehowIfeltafterIwastoldbythetrainmanthatImightnotfindmyluggagebackagain.It’syouwhotoldmetocalmdownandwenttothepolicestationwithme.YouarelikeanangeltomeandIreallyappreciateit.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutovisitmyhometownforavacationandwishtoseesuchakindpersonlikeyouagain.（做出邀请）Iamlookingforwardtoyourreply.Sincerely,Jenny万能引导句：直接表示对收信人的感谢，后面详细说时间和具体事件Thankyousomuchforyourhelpduringthosedayswhen...回忆当时事情经过，铺陈叙事Istillrememberthatdayclearlywhen…发出邀请，再次表达自己的感谢Iwouldliketoinviteyoutovisitmyhometownforavacation…作文译文：亲爱的崔源：很感谢我在你所居住的城市旅游时你所提供的帮助。如果没有你的安慰的话语和陪我找到钱包，我真不知道自己要如何度过那剩下的9天时间。我仍然清楚地记得当我准备下火车时发现我装着所有随行物品的行李找不到的那一天。我不知道接下来要怎么做了。我这次是独自出来旅行而且我的电话和行李一起丢了。没有钱,没有朋友,没有卡，包括我的身份证。你甚至想象不到乘务员告诉我可能再也找不回我的行李时我的感受。是你安慰我去保持冷静,并和我一起去了警察局。你当时对我来说就像一个天使,让我很感激。我想邀请你去我的家乡游玩,希望可以再次见到这么善良的你。我期待着你的回复。真挚地，珍妮卷一翻译功夫(KungFu)是中国武术(martialarts)的俗称。中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。它已逐渐演变成了中国文化的独特元素。作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。解析：第一句：功夫(KungFu)是中国武术(martialarts)的俗称。普通版：主系表结构。主语“功夫”，表语“俗称”，可以用commonname来表示，这句话可译为：KungFuisacommonnameofChinesemartialarts.高配版：“是…的俗称”有一个短语，iscommonlyknownas,可译为：ChinesemartialartsiscommonlyknownasKungFu,第二句话中也是介绍中国武术，我们可以考虑合译，用一个非限制性定语从句将它们串联起来。“自卫”，self-defense，“狩猎活动”，huntingactivities,“军事训练”，militarytraining.这两句话合译为：ChinesemartialartsiscommonlyknownasKungFu,theoriginofwhichcanbetracedbacktotheneedsofself-defense,huntingactivitiesandmilitarytraininginancientChina.第二句：中国武术的起源可以追溯到自卫的需要，狩猎活动以及古代中国的军事训练。普通版：主谓宾结构，主语：“起源”，beginning，谓语动词“追溯”，datebackto,宾语“…的需要”，theneedsof…因此这句话可译为：ThebeginningofChinesemartialartscangobacktotheneedsofself-defense,huntingactivitiesandancientChinesemilitarytraining.第三句：它是中国传统体育运动的一种，年轻人和老年人都练。普通版：并列句。前半句是一个主系表结构，“传统体育运动”，traditionalsports,“…的一种”onekindof.前半句可译为：ItisonekindoftheChinesetraditionalsports.后半句是一个主谓宾结构，主语是“年轻人和老年人”，theyoungandtheold，谓语“练习”，practice，后半句可译为：boththeyoungandtheoldpracticeit.两个分句是并列结构，用and连接。高配版：前后两个分句都是与功夫相关的，我们可以借助非谓语动词将其中一个分句转换为状语。BeingonekindoftheChinesetraditionalsports,itisalwayspracticedbyboththeyoungandtheold./ItisonekindoftheChinesetraditionalsports，practicedbyboththeyoungandtheold.第四句：作为中国的国宝，功夫有上百种不同的风格，是世界上练得最多的武术形式。普通版：“作为…”用“as…”，国宝Chinesenationaltreasure.第二个分句，主谓宾，KungFuhashundredsofdifferenttypes,第三个分句，主系表，KungFuisthemostpracticedformsofmartialarts，合并译为：AsanationaltreasureofChina,KungFuisthemostpracticedformsofmartialartsandhashundredsofdifferenttypes.高配版：类似于第三句的高配版翻译，我们同样可以将普通版翻译中的and并列结构转化为一个从句来引导。因此可译为：AsaChinesenationaltreasure,KungFuisthemostpracticedformsofmartialarts,whichhashundredsofdifferentstyles.第五句：有些风格模仿了动物的动作，还有一些则受到了中国哲学思想、神话和传说的启发。普通版：前半分句，主谓宾结构，主语“有些风格”，someofthestyles，谓语“模仿”，copy，宾语“动物的动作”，animals’movements，后半分句，“受到了启发”，beinspiredby,哲学思想，philosophy,神话，myth,传说，legend,整句话可译为：Someofthestylescopytheanimals’movements,andothersareinspiredbyChinesephilosophy,mythsandlegends.高配版：模仿，用imitate.启发，enlighten.SomeofthestylesimitatethemovementsoftheanimalsandsomeareenlightenedbyChinesephilosophy,mythsandlegends.普通版：KungFuisacommonnameofChinesemartialarts.ThebeginningofChinesemartialartscangobacktotheneedsofself-defense,huntingactivitiesandancientChinesemilitarytraining.ItisonekindoftheChinesetraditionalsportsandboththeyoungandtheoldpracticeit.IthasgraduallybecomeaspecialelementofChineseculture.AsanationaltreasureofChina,KungFuisthemostpracticedformsofmartialartsandhashundredsofdifferenttypes.Someofthestylescopytheanimals’movements,andothersareinspiredbyChinesephilosophy,mythsandlegends.高配版：ChinesemartialartsiscommonlyknownasKungFu,theoriginofwhichcanbetracedbacktotheneedsofself-defense,huntingactivitiesandmilitarytraininginancientChina.BeingonekindoftheChinesetraditionalsports,itisalwayspracticedbyboththeyoungandtheold.IthasgraduallyevolvedintoauniqueelementofChineseculture.AsaChinesenationaltreasure,KungFuisthemostpracticedformsofmartialarts,whichhashundredsofdifferentstyles.SomeofthestylesimitatethemovementsoftheanimalsandsomeareenlightenedbyChinesephilosophy,mythsandlegends.语不惊人死不休：1.国宝写成Chinesebaby/Chinababy的同学（应该庆幸你们没有写成guobao），这简直是在一本正经的胡说八道啊。说到这里，不得不提有些自以为很聪明的同学，写成了Panda,想必是内心戏很丰富或者想到了功夫熊猫Hmm,因垂死听。2.狩猎写成了killinganimal或者catchinganimal,想必考官看到这里醉醉的，真想跑到四六级的阅卷现场去看看考官们真实的内心写照。难道不是hunting吗写killinganimal的同学太多，以至于我都怀疑到底有没有hunting这个单词！3.还有一个起码算得上纯英文的错误，中国古代，longlongagoinChina,用ancient一个单词就能解决的问题，为什么要用那么多单词！这不是写作，youdon’thavetocarethenumberofwords！4.神话翻译成godstory，dreamstoryExcuseme功夫难道是天方夜谭吗不得不说，这篇文章中的词汇还是偏难的，抽到这篇文章的同学，过了的我们替你开心，没过的更要提醒自己好好记单词，好好练语法，一切四六级都是纸老虎！短篇新闻（1-7）NewsReport1（1）TheInternationalLaborOrganizationsaysthenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing.Initslatestupdateonglobalemploymenttrends,theagencysaysprojectionsofthenumberofunemployedpeoplethisyearrangefrom210milliontonearly240millionpeople.Thereportwarnsthat200millionpoorworkersareatriskofjoiningtheranksofpeoplelivingonlessthan2dollarsperdayinthepastthreeyears.（2）ThedirectorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationJuanSomavianotesthatsomecountrieshavetakenmeasurestoaddresstheeffectsoftheglobalcrisis.However,hepointsoutthatmanycountrieshavenotdoneso.Andbasedonpastexperiences,ittakesfourtofiveyearsaftereconomicrecoveryforunemploymenttoreturntopre-crisislevels.Mr.SomaviasaystheInternationalLaborOrganizationisproposingaglobaljobs'agreementtodealwithunemployment.'It'skeyobjectiveistoplaysothecenterofrecoveryefforts,measuresthatwouldgeneratehighlevelsofemploymentandprovidebasicsocialprotectionforthemostvulnerable.'Q1.Whatisthenewsreportmainlyabout解析：第一道题是主旨大意题，我们课上讲过新闻题开头部分很重要，而本道题第一句话就给出了这篇新闻的主旨。这句话重点在从句部分，thenumberofpeoplewithoutjobsisincreasing失业人数增加，对应选项中C项的Risingunemployment，而这个国际组织international也暗示了是世界范围的失业人数。所以答案选C。Q2.Whatdoes,JuanSomavia,thedirectorgeneraloftheInternationalLaborOrganizationsay解析：原文中提到某人说的话，说一部分国家开始处理全球危机带来的影响，又一个转折，however，很多国家没这么做。结合这两句，和我们选项中的C项Fewcountrieshaverealizedtheseriousnessofthecurrentcrisis同义替换。听完问题便可确认此答案。NewsReport2（3）BigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkCityhavestartedtoobeyafirstofitskindrule,requiringthemtopostcaloriecountsrightonthemenu.CathyNursesiswiththeNewYorkCitydepartmentofhealth,'Wewantedtogivepeopleanopportunitytoactuallyseethecaloriesbeforetheypurchasedthefoodandmakeadecisionandinformdecision.Thatiftheywanttomaketheirhealthierchoice,iftheywanttoeatfewercaloriestheycan.Andweexpectthiswillhaveahugeimpactonobesity.Andofcourse,ifithasanimpactonobesity,itwillhaveanimpactondiabetesandheartdiseaseandhighbloodpressure.'Thenewruleswillintroduceasapartofanti-obesitycampaign.Thatalsoincludesarecentcitywidebanandartificialtrans-fatsinrestaurantfood.Themenurollonlyappliestorestaurantsthatservestandardizedpotionsizesandhavefiftymorelocationsnationwide.（4）StartinglastSaturday,chainsbigenoughtofallundertherulewillfacepenaltiesabout2000dollarsfornotshowingcalorieinformationinaprominentspotontheirmenuspreferablynexttotheprice.Q3.WhatarebigfastfoodchainsinNewYorkCityrequiretodoaccordingtothenewrule解析:本道题比较简单，属于原文重现，原文中提到postcaloriecountsrightonthemenu，对应了选项中的B)Putcalorieinformationonthemenu，将卡路里信息写在菜单上。故答案为B。Q4.Whatwouldhappentobigrestaurantchainsthatviolatethenewrule解析：看四个选项提到了they,那么问题很有可能和原文中多次提到的快餐连锁有关，原文最后一句话提到快餐连锁如不公布热量信息将会被处以200美元的罚金，及对应选项中的befined“被罚款”这个信息，答案为A)Theywillbefined.NewsReport3（5）Almostallcompaniesrecognizetheimportanceofinnovationtoday.Butnotmanyareabletointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.AcommentaryintheShanghaiDailypointsoutthatinnovationdoesn'tmeanpilesofdocuments.Itissomethingmorepractical.（6）Thearticlesaysmanypeopletendtoassumethatinnovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew,butactuallyit'smorethanthat.It'sanattitudeofdoingthings.Acompanyshouldfindwaystoinnovatenotjustinproductsbutalsoinfunctions,businessmodelsandprocesses.（7）ThearticlecitestheglobalgiantProcter&Gambleasanexample,sayingarealinnovativecompanyshoulddevelopaninnovationcultureanduseitasaprimarytoolforsuccess.Procter&Gamblehasa“CorporateInnovationFund”whichoffersbigrewardsforhigh-riskideasthatsucceed.Italsohasaspecialinnovationfacilityforitsemployees.Sometimesitsemployeesarereleasedfromtheirdailyjobsforweeksandspendtheirtimeinteractingintheinnovationfacilityinstead.Inconclusion,thearticlesaysinnovativeideasalonedonotensuresuccess.It'spointlessunlessthereisarepeatableprocessinplacetoturninspirationintofinancialperformance.Q5.Whatistheproblemwithmanycompaniesaccordingtothenewsreport解析：本文中一直提到的词是innovation”创新”,文中第一句话就提到notmanyareabletointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness，没有多少公司能够将创新整合进自己的商业模式上，原文重现对应到我们的选项D)Failuretointegrateinnovationintotheirbusiness.Q6.Whatdomanypeopletendtothinkofinnovation解析：原文中借article之口提出很多人对创新的看法是innovationjustmeanscreatingsomethingnew创新就是创造新东西，接着又提到说创新远不止这些。而确认问题是大部分人的观点，故选择和原文同义替换的一个表达B)Itisthecreationofsomethingnew.作为正确答案。Q7.WhatdoesthecompanyProcter&Gambleoweitssuccessto解析：本题作为一个举例信息在原文中被提到，原文直接说到一个名词叫做innovationculture创新文化，接着说useitasaprimarytoolforsuccess把他作为走向成功的主要方式。由此可知问题的答案应为C)Itsinnovationculture.长对话（8-11）ConversationOneM:So,Linzy,doyouliketotextmessageonyourcellphoneW:Yeah,Itextmessagealot.M:Idon'tdoitsomuch.IprefertomakeacallifI'minahurry.W:Yeah,Igobothways.SometimesIdon’treallywanttotalktotheperson.Ijustwanttoaskthemonequestion,soit'smucheasierformejusttotextmessage.（9）IfIcallthem,I'llhavetohavealongconversation.M:Yeah,Icanseewhatyoumean.（8）ButIgetoffthephoneprettyquicklywhenIcall.I'mnotabigtalker.W:Yeah,that'strue.Youdon'ttalkalot.M:SoareyoufastatwritingthemessageswithyourthumbW:Well,whenIfirstgotacellphone,Iwassoslow.IthoughtIwouldnevertextmessage.Butthenpeoplekepttextmessagingme,soIfeltobligedtolearnhowtotextmessage.SonowI'mprettyfast.WhataboutyouM:ActuallyIhavetheoppositeproblem.（10）WhenIfirstgotmycellphone,Ithoughtitwassocooltotextmessageallmyfriendswhohaveone,andIwasprettyfastwithmythumbthen.ButitseemslikenowIdon'tuseitsomuch,I'vegotsloweractually.W:Yeah,Ithinktextmessagingactuallyiswhatyouhavetodowithyourage.Forexample,peopleinhighschool,theytextmessagealot.ButIaskmyfatherifhetextedmessages,andguesswhathesaidM:WhatW:Hesaidhe'dnevertextmessage.（11）Hethinksit'sverychildishandunprofessionaltotextmessage.M:Yeah,Icanseewhathemeans.It'sconsideredprettyinformaltotextmessagetosomeone.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyou'vejustheard.Q8:Whatdoesthemansayabouthimself解析：看选项中提到的选项是关于“he”的，所以重点去听关于男士的信息和选项对应的内容。原文中提到他不爱发短信，打电话也会很快挂掉电话，可知答案应选择一个同义替换的表达D)Hedoesnottalklongonthephone.Q9:Whatdoesthewomantendtodowhilesheisonthephone解析：原文中提到女士说的一句话IfIcallthem,I'llhavetohavealongconversation.由此可知，女士打电话的时间是很长的，故答案选择B)talkatlength.Q10:Whydidthemantextmessageallhisfriendswhenhefirstgothiscellphone解析：看选项重点去听男士的话，当听到Ithoughtitwassocooltotextmessage的时候就可以猜测问题是关于男士开始使用手机时的，可选出A)Hethoughtitwascool.他认为发信息很酷。Q11:Whatdoesthewoman'sfatherthinkoftextmessaging解析：本题原文重现，提到女士的父亲对发信息的观点，Hethinksit'sverychildishandunprofessionaltotextmessage.很幼稚和不专业，和选项C)Itischildishandunprofessional.对应，最终确认问题选择C项。长对话（12-15）ConversationTwoW:Goodmorning,Mr.Johnson.HowcanIhelpyou（12）M:Well,I'dliketotalktoyouaboutTimBond,thedepartmentmanager.W:Whatseemstobetheproblem（13）M:Well,eversinceSandraleftthedepartment,IfeellikeI'vebeentargetedtodoallherworkaswellasmine.I'mexpectedtoattendtoomanymeetingsandIseemtobespendingalotofmytimedoingunnecessarypaperwork.W:I'msorrytohearthat.（13）M:And,ontopofthat,I'dspecificallyaskedifIcouldleaveearlylastFridayasIdonealotofovertimeduringtheweek.Butthatafternoon,eventhoughI'dfinishedmyassignedwork,Iwastoldtohelpothercolleaguesfinishtheirwork,too.（14）W:Butsurelythat'sapositivesignshowingthatMr.Bondhasalotoftrustinyou.M:Yes,butothercolleaguesgettoleaveearly,andtheydon'thavesuchalotofworktodo.（12）W:Soyoufeelhe'sreallymakingunrealisticdemandsonyouM:Yes,absolutely.W:HaveyouapproachedMr.BondaboutthisparticularproblemM:I'vetried,butitseemslikehejusthasnotimeforme.W:（15）Well,atthisstage,itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.Ifnothingelseshowingthatyou'vetriedtosolvetheproblemyourselfbeforeyoutakeitfurther.Makeitclearthatyou'rejustnotacomplainer.Whydon'tyousendanemailrequestingameetingwithhiminprivateM:Hmm,I'vebeenabitworriedabouthisreaction.ButanywayI'llsendhimanemailtorequestameeting,andI'llseewhathappensfromthere.Thanksforyouradvice.W:Goodluck.Andletusknowtheoutcome.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyou'vejustheard.Q12.Whatdowelearnaboutthemanfromtheconversation解析：对话第一个回合就提到男士要说关于他们经理的事情，也提到经理分配给他很多任务，由此可知其对他们经理有些不满意，故答案选B)Heisunhappywithhisdepartmentmanager.Q13.Whatistheman'schiefcomplaint解析：原文中也多次提到了男士关于其工作量的描述，全部是关于工作量太大的抱怨，所以可以总结出答案应该为A)Hisworkloadwasmuchtooheavy.Q14.Howdoesthewomaninterpretthefactthatthemanwasaskedtohelphiscolleagueswiththeirwork解析：原文中关于男士对其工作量大的抱怨，回应说是出于信任Mr.Bondhasalotoftrustinyou.原文内容和选项直接对应，故答案选C)Hisbosshasalotoftrustinhim.Q15.Whatdidthewomanadvisethemantodo解析：原文中关于男士的抱怨，女士提到一个表示建议的内容，Well,atthisstage,itwouldbebetterifyouapproachedhimdirectly.这句话中的approachedhimdirectly对应选项中的Talktohisbossinperson，属于同义替换，故答案选D)Talktohisbossinpersonfirst.听力篇章1（16-18）PassageOne（17）Themassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowlyandquietlythatfewseemedtonoticethetrend.WasitbecauseofthegrowingattractionoftheInternet,videogamesandendlessTVchannelsNeverdisconnectingfromwork（17）Nomatterhowithappened,millionsofAmericansareputtingtheirhealth,qualityoflifeandevenlengthoflifeindanger.（16）Newevidenceshowswhygettingenoughsleepisatoppriority.Some40%ofAmericansgetlessthan7hoursofshut-eyeonweeknights."Thelinkbetweensleepandhealth,andbadsleepanddiseaseisbecomingclearerandclearer."saysLawrenceAlberstaine,asleepexpertatHarvardUniversity（16）Sleepingbettermayhelpfightoffillness."Whenpeoplearesleep-derived,therearehigherlevelsofstresshormonesintheirbodieswhichcandecreaseimmunefunction."saysDoctorFelice,ofNorthwesternUniversityinChicago.AuniversityofChicagoQ16.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout解析：主旨大意题，根据原文内容可以知道文章主讲的是睡眠的重要性。故答案选A)Theimportanceofsleeptoahealthylife。Q17.Whatdowelearnfromthetalkabouttoday'sAmericans解析:文章开头部分提到了关于睡眠时间减少的趋势，接着说很多美国人的健康等受到了威胁，原文中的内容Themassivedeclineinsleephappenedsoslowly对应选项中的Theygetlessandlesssleep，故答案选C。Q18.Whatdoesthespeakersaywillhappentopeoplewholacksleep解析：原文中重现了选项中的信息，即缺少睡眠会使人血压升高，确认问题后可判断答案选D)Theirbloodpressurewillrise。PassageTwo（19-21）Parentsandteacherswilltellyounottoworrywhenapplyingforaplaceatauniversity.Butinthesamebreathwillremindyouthatitisthemostimportantdecisionofyourlife.（19）Thefirstdecisionisyourchoiceofcourse.Itwilldependonwhatyouwanttogetoutofuniversity,whatyouaregoodatandwhatyouenjoy.Thenextdecisioniswheretoapply.Aimhighbutwithin