考研考博-英语-天津商业大学宝德学院考试押题三合一+答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津商业大学宝德学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hehadaquarrelwithhiswifeandjust（）her.

问题1选项

A.becameof

B.gotholdof

C.walkedouton

D.passedover

【答案】C

【解析】动词词组辨析。becameof"使遭遇……;……降临于;发生……情况";gotholdof"抓住;握住,占有";walkedouton"丢在一边";passedover"越过;忽略;宽恕;回避"。句意：他和妻子吵了一架,然后把她丢在一边。选项C符合句意。

2.单选题

Computerprogrammersoftenremarkthatcomputingmachines,withaperfectlackofdiscrimination,willdoanyfoolishthingtheyaretoldtodo.Thereasonforthislies,ofcourse,inthenarrowfixationofthecomputingmachine’s“intelligence”onthedetailsofitsownperceptions—itsinabilitytobeguidedbyalargecontext.Inapsychologicaldescriptionofthecomputerintelligence,threerelatedadjectivescometomind:single-minded,literal-minded,andsimple-minded.Recognizingthis,weshouldatthesametimerecognizethatthissingle-mindedness,literal-mindedness,andsimple-mindednessalsocharacterizestheoreticalmathematics,thoughtoalesserextent.

Sincesciencetriestodealwithreality,eventhemostprecisesciencesnormallyworkwithmoreorlessimperfectlyunderstoodapproximationstowardwhichscientistsmustmaintainanappropriateskepticism.Thus,forinstance:itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequationforthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom,butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin,magneticdipole,andrelativistic,effects;andthatthiscorrectedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfield-theoreticalequations.Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation.Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach.

Mathematicsmustdealwithwell-definedsituations.Thus,mathematiciansdependonanintellectualeffortoutsideofmathematicsforthecrucialspecificationoftheapproximationthatmathematicsistotakeliterally.Givemathematiciansasituationthatistheleastbitill-defined,andtheywillmakeitwell-defined,perhapsappropriately,butperhapsinappropriately.Insomecases,themathematicians’literal-mindednessmayhaveunfortunateconsequences.Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thequestion,centraltothescientificinvestigationbutintenselydisturbinginthemathematicalcontext-whathappensiftheaxiomsarerelaxed?-istherebyignored.

Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument,sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged,whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.

1.Theauthordiscussescomputingmachinesinthefirstparagraphprimarilyinorderto,dowhichofthefollowing?

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatscientistsmakewhichofthefollowingassumptionsaboutscientificarguments?

3.Accordingtothetext,mathematicianspresentarisktoscientistforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

4.Theauthorsuggeststhat-theapproachofphysiciststosolvingscientificproblemiswhichofthefollowing?

5.Theauthorimpliesthatscientistsdevelopahealthyskepticismbecausetheyareawarethat（

）.

问题1选项

A.Indicatethedangersinherentinrelyingtoagreatextentonmachines.

B.Illustratehisviewsabouttheapproachofmathematicianstoproblemsolving.

C.Comparetheworkofmathematicianswiththatofcomputerprogrammers.

D.Provideonedefinitionofintelligence.

问题2选项

A.Theliteraltruthoftheargumentscanbemadeclearonlyinamathematicalcontext.

B.Theargumentsnecessarilyignorethecentralquestionofscientificinvestigation.

C.Thearmamentsprobablywillbeconvincingonlytootherscientists.

D.Thepremisesonwhichtheargumentsarebasedmaychange.

问题3选项

A.Mathematiciansmayprovidetheoriesthatareincompatiblewiththosealreadydevelopedbyscientists.

B.Mathematiciansmaydefinesituationsinawaythatisincomprehensibletoscientists.

C.Mathematiciansmayconvincescientiststhattheoreticalassumptionsarefacts.

D.Scientistsmaycometobelievethataxiomaticstatementsareuntrue.

问题4选项

A.PracticalforscientificPurposes.

B.Detrimentalto:scientificprogress.

C.UnimportantinmostSituations.

D.Expedient,butoflittlelong-termvalue.

问题5选项

A.mathematiciansarebetterabletosolveproblemsthanarescientists.

B.changesinaxiomaticpropositionswillinevitablyunderminescientificarguments.

C.well-definedsituationsarenecessityforthedesignofreliableexperiments.

D.somefactorsinmostsituationsmustremainunknown.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】1.文章第一段作者用计算机“computingmachines”作为例子来帮助我们更好的了解数学理论“theoreticalmathematics”。选项B符合题意。

2.文章最后一段提到基于某些参数的变化而会导致某些前提的改变（sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged）。选项D符合题意。

3.文章倒数第二段的倒数第二、三句Themathematiciansturnthescientists’theoreticalassumptionsthatare,theirconvenientpointsofanalyticalemphasis,intoaxioms,andthentaketheseaxiomsliterally.Thisbringsthedangerthattheymayalsopersuadethescientiststotaketheseaxiomsliterally提到数学家将这些理论假设变成公理，并且还试图说服科学家相信这些假设都真的。选项C符合题意。

4.文章第二段倒数第一句Thisveryhealthyskepticismisforeigntothemathematicalapproach提到这个健康的怀疑论对于数学方法来说还是陌生的。但是从healthy这个词可以知道在这里是肯定的观点，四个选项中，只有选项A是带有肯定意味的，因此选项A符合题意。

5.healthyskepticism指的是文章第二段倒数第二句的内容：Physicists,lookingattheoriginalSchrodingerequationlearntosenseinitthepresenceofmanyinvisibletermsinadditiontothedifferentialtermsvisible,andthissenseinspiresanentirelyappropriatedisregardforthepurelytechnicalfeaturesoftheequation，有此句可知选项D符合题意。

3.单选题

Hewas（）whenheheardtheunexpectednews,butIfinallyconvincedhim.

问题1选项

A.incredible

B.inevitable

C.incredulous

D.indifferent

【答案】C

【解析】形近词词义辨析。incredible“难以置信的,惊人的”;inevitable“必然的,不可避免的”;incredulous“怀疑的,不轻信的”;indifferent“漠不关心的,中立的”。句意:他听到这个意外的消息时很不相信,但我最终还是让他相信了。选项C符合语境。

4.单选题

Thisnationhasbecomethefastest-growinggrainimportmarket,whichisdrivenbothbyrapidpopulationgrowthandbyrisingaffluence.

问题1选项

A.friction

B.bankruptcy

C.poverty

D.riches

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.friction摩擦；争执B.bankruptcy破产

C.poverty贫困D.riches财富

【考查点】名词辨析

【解题思路】根据原文，粮食进口增加，说明花了更多的钱进口粮食，其原因是人口增加以及钱增加，只有D选项riches“财富”符合语境，原词affluence“富裕”。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均与有更多的钱无关。

【句意】这个国家已经成为增长最快的粮食进口市场，这是由人口快速增长和日益富裕所驱动的。

5.单选题

Thecheerful,livelymelodyofdancemusic（

）almostallthewearysoldiers.

问题1选项

A.drained

B.diverted

C.renewed

D.revived

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。drain“喝光，排水，流干”；divert“转移；使……转向”；renew“使更新；续借”；revive“使复兴；使苏醒”。句意：这支充满活力的欢快舞曲使那位筋疲力尽的士兵振奋起来。选项D符合题意。

6.单选题

Questions9to12arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theytryhardtoavoidgettingoffonthewrongfoot.

B.Theyspendtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheirdefeat.

C.Theytaketoomanyirrelevantfactorsintoaccount.

D.Theymakecarefulpreparationsbeforehand.

问题2选项

A.Mentalimagesofteninterferewithathletes’performance.

B.Golfersusuallyhavepositivementalimagesofthemselves.

C.Thinkinghasthesameeffectonthenervoussystemasdoing.

D.Aperson’snervoussystemismorecomplicatedthanimagined.

问题3选项

A.Anticipatepossibleproblems.

B.Makealistofdo’sanddon’ts.

C.Trytoappearmoreprofessional.

D.Picturethemselvessucceeding.

问题4选项

A.Shewonherfirstjurytrial.

B.Sheworeadesignerdress.

C.Shepresentedmovingpictures.

D.Shedidnotspeakloudenough.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】PassageOne

[9]Whenfacinganewsituation,somepeopletendtorehearsetheirdefeatbyspendingtoomuchtimeanticipatingtheworst.Iremembertalkingwithayounglawyerwhowasabouttobeginherfirstjurytrial.Shewasverynervous.Iaskedwhatimpressionshewantedtomakeonthejury.Shereplied,“Idon’twanttolooktooinexperienced;Idon’twantthemtosuspectthisismyfirsttrial.”Thislawyerhadfallenvictimtothe“don’ts”syndrome—aformofnegativegoalsetting.The“don’ts”canbeself-fulfillingbecauseyourmindrespondstopictures.

[10]ResearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshowsamentalimagefiresthenervoussystemthesamewayasactuallydoingsomething.Thatmeanswhenagolferforetellshimself“Don’thittheballintothewater”,hismindseestheimageoftheballflyingintothewater.Soguesswheretheballwillgo.

Consequently,beforegoingintoanystressfulsituation,[11]focusonlyonwhatyouwanttohavehappen.Iaskedthelawyeragainhowshewantedtoappearatherfirsttrial,andthistimeshesaid,“Iwanttolookprofessionalandself-assured.”Itoldhertocreateapictureofwhatself-assuredwouldlooklike.Toher,itmeantmovingconfidentlyaroundthecourtroom,usingconvincingbodylanguageandprojectinghervoice,soitcouldbeheardfromthejudge’sbenchtothebackdoor.Shealsoimaginedaskillfulclosingargumentandawinningtrial.Afewweeksafterthispositivestressrehearsal,[12]theyounglawyerdidwin.

9.Whatdosomepeopledowhentheyfaceanewsituation?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问当一些人面对一个新的情况时，他们会做什么?录音开头提及，在面对全新的情况时，有些人老是预料自己可能会失败的情形，会花太多时间去想事情最坏的情况。B选项“他们花太多时间去预料失败的情况”中的theirdefeat是对录音原文中theworst的替换，与原文表述相符，因此正确。A选项“他们努力避免出师不利”；C选项“他们考虑了太多不相关的因素”和D选项“他们事先作了周密的准备”在录音中均没有信息提及，因此排除。

10.WhatdoestheresearchconductedatStanfordUniversityshow?

【试题答案】C

【试题解析】题目问斯坦福大学的研究表明了什么?录音中提及，一项在斯坦福大学进行的研究表明，大脑想象激发神经系统的方式与实际做某事的方式相同，也就是说，“想”和“做”对神经系统的影响是一样的，因此C选项正确。A选项“大脑想象经常影响运动员的表现”和D选项“人的神经系统比想象中复杂得多”在录音中均没有提及，因此排除；B选项“高尔夫球手通常对自己有积极的大脑想象”与录音中提到的高尔夫球手的例子刚好相反，因此不正确。

11.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetopeopleinastressfulsituation?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问说话者给处于压力下的人们什么建议?说话者指出：在面对有压力的情况时，只需集中精神去想你希望发生的事情。D选项“想象自己成功的画面”与录音内容表述相符，因此正确。A选项“预见可能出现的问题”；B选项“列出注意事项”在录音中均未提及；C选项“试着表现得更专业些”是说话人提及的某位新手律师的情况，并不是对一般人的普遍建议，因此排除。

12.Whatdowelearnaboutthelawyerinthecourt?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于法庭上的律师，我们知道什么？说话者对那位第一次参与陪审团庭审案件的律师说，她只需要在过程中想象自己自信的样子是怎样就行了。录音结尾提到，这位律师最后赢了那场官司。A选项“她在首次参与的陪审团庭审案件中打赢了官司”与原文表述相符，因此正确。B选项“她穿了设计师礼服”在录音中没有信息提及；C选项“她展示了移动的画面”利用moving设置干扰，实际上录音原文并没有提及，因此排除；D选项“她说话的声音不够大”，录音提到，这位律师上庭前想象自己自信的样子，其中包括在法庭中发言响亮，可见她后来在庭上发言时是足够大声的，因此D选项不正确。

7.单选题

Intheory,governmentsarefreetosettheirowneconomicpolicies;inpractice,theymustconformtoaglobaleconomicmodelorriskbeing（

）bythemarket.

问题1选项

A.replaced

B.overlooked

C.saturated

D.penalized

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。replace“代替；更换”；overlook“忽略；俯瞰；远眺；检查”；saturate“使湿透；使饱和”；penalize“惩罚”。句意：理论上，政府有制定经济政策的自由；实际上，他们必须遵守国际经济模式或冒险被市场惩罚。选项D符合题意。

8.单选题

LuisFigueroalivesdownthestreetfromUCMerced,thenewestcampusintheUniversityofCaliforniasystem.Soit’snotsurprisingthatthe21yearsoldstudiesfromthecomfortofhisownhome.Buthe’snotenrolledatMerced:fromhisliving-roomcomputer,Figueroaisearninghisbachelor’sdegreeinbusinessadministrationatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,some2,000milesaway.At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.Notonlythat,Figueroaisabletocontinueworkingfulltimeinamanagement-trainingjobwithAT&TinMerced,ajobhefeelsluckytohaveinthecurrenteconomicclimate.“OnceIrealizedIhadtimeconstraints,Iknewthetraditionalclassroomwouldn’twork,”hesays.“Coursesonlineareopen24hoursaday,andI’mabletogothereanytimeIwant.”

Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.Thesamestudyfoundthatonlineenrollmentisgrowingataratemorethan10timesthatofthehigher-educationpopulationatlarge—12.9percentvs.1.2percentfortraditionalinseatstudents.NowhereisthegrowthfasterthanamongyoungerstudentslikeFigueroawhoareoptingforonlinelearning,evenwhenthetraditionalclassroomis—inhiscase—rightoutsidethefrontdoor.“Thisisagenerationthatlivesonline,”saysVickyPhillips,founderandCEOofG,aservicethatranksonlinelearninginstitutions.“Everythingisinstant,accelerated,andaccessible,andtheyexpecttheireducationtobethatwaytoo.Forthemthereisnoclearlinebetweenthevirtualworldandtheactualworld.”

Oncetargetedatolder,workingadults,distancelearninghasmovedintotheeducationmainstreamatstunningspeedoverthepastcoupleofyears,astechnologyallowsever-richer,more-interactivelearningexperienceonline—andascollegecostscontinuetoriseandclassroomsarepackedtocapacity.Fortraditionalbrick-and-mortarinstitutions,thathasmeantascrambletoenteralucrativemarketthatusedtobetheexclusiveterritoryoffor-profitinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofPhoenixandKaplanUniversity.Establishedbrand-nameeducators—includingStanford,Cornell,PennState,andMIT,whichhasplaceditsentirecurriculumonlinethroughitsOpenCoursewareprogram—nowofferextensiveonlinelearningoptionsandarecompetingwiththefor-profitsforstudents.“Thestigmaisgone,”saysPhillips.“Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.”

Onlineofferingsthesedayscansometimesevensurpasstheclassroomexperience.AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.MeetinginSecondLifeinsteadofaphysicalclassroom,saysWalsh,allowsforsomefeatsthatgravityrendersimpossible,likehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.Usingvideos,podcasts,livechats,Webcams,andwikis,educatorsincreasinglyseeonlinelearningasawaytoengagethevideogamegenerationwithpedagogythatfeelsmorelikeentertainmentthandrudgery.Studentsinthenewhomeland-securitymaster’sdegreeprogramattheUniversityofConnecticutthisfall,forexample,willhavecourseworkthatresemblesGrandTheftAuto:dwellinginacyber-citycalledSanLuisReyplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacks,andotherdisasters.AtArizonaState,studentsinanIntroductiontoParentingclassraisea“virtualchild”.Theyhavetoposttheprogressoftheironlinechargethroughallthephasesofchildhood.“Theclassesaresomuchmoreinteractive,andIcanlogonwhenI’mmostreadytolearn,”saysJaquelynHolleran,ajuniormajoringinfamilyandhumandevelopmentatASU.“Ilikethatsomuchbetterthanhavingtorushtoclassorsitthroughalecturethat’sboring.”

Asthelargestgenerationsincethebabyboomattendscollegeatatimeofshrinkingbudgetsandsoaringcosts,manyeducatorsbelievethatonlinelearningholdsthegreatestpromiseforexpandingthecapacityoftheU.S.higher-educationsystem.AnddigitalclassroomswillsurelyplayanimportantroleinhelpingtheObamaadministrationpursueitsgoalofraisingthepercentageofcollegegraduatesintheU.S.tofirstintheworldby2020(atleast10othercountriesnowstandintheway).Thesurgeinstudentswithjobsandfamilies,andthoseinthemilitary,hasalsocausedonlineenrollmentstosoar.SarahGerke,anArmyprivatestationedinIraq,keepsupwithhercourseworkatColumbiaCollegeinMissouri,despitetheoccasionalbombing.“EvenifIcouldattendinperson,”shewritesinane-mailfromCampLiberty,“IthinkIwouldstickwithonlineclassesfortheconvenience.”

ForpublicinstitutionssuchastheUniversityofMichiganandtheUniversityofMassachusetts,onlinelearningnotonlyextendstheirbrand,it’sacost-effectivewaytoservemorestudents.AtUMassOnline,enrollmentamongstudentsundertheageof25hasincreased91percentoverthepastthreeyears.AtThomasEdisonStateCollegeinTrenton,N.J.,thatgrowthrateoverthesameperiodismorethan100percent.“Thebestwaytolowerthecostofhighereducationistograduateontime,”saysUMasspresidentJackWilson.“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.”

1.ThestudybytheSloanFoundationshowsthat______.

2.AccordingtoPhilips,whatwastheattitudeofpeopletowardsonlinelearning?

3.ByImmersiveEducationmethod,studentscan______.

4.IfyoutakeacourseatUMassOnline,______.

5.Comparedwiththetraditionalform,onlineeducationhasalltheadvantagesEXCEPT______.

问题1选项

A.about4millionAmericanstudentstookonlinecoursesinthe2007-2008schoolyear

B.theonlineenrollmentisgrowingatarateofmorethan10timesperyear

C.theratiooftraditionalinseatandonlineenrollmentgrowthrateis12.9to1.2

D.thebiggestreasonthatsomanypeopletakeonlinecoursesisitsconvenience

问题2选项

A.It’saconvenientwayoflearning.

B.It’sacost-effectivewayoflearning.

C.It’sabad-reputedwayoflearning.

D.It’sanexcellentwayoflearning.

问题3选项

A.enjoysomefeatsinphysicalclassroomthatgravityrendersimpossible

B.gotoacityplaguedwithsuicidebombers,biochemicalattacksandsoon

C.learnhowtobeaparentbyraisinganadoptedchildthroughInternet

D.haveasimulatedtripthroughthehumanbodyinfrontofacomputer

问题4选项

A.you’llgetaspecialdegreedifferentfromcampus-goingcounterparts’

B.youcanspendashortertimetogetadegreethangoingtocampus

C.you’llreceivehigherstandardizedcurriculathantraditionaleducation

D.youcanacceptclasscounselingfromteachersatanytimeyouwant

问题5选项

A.onlinedegreecostsalotlessthanin-classeducation

B.onlineeducationhasmanyconveniences

C.onlineeducationisfarmoreinterestingthantraditionalformofeducation

D.onlineeducationprovidescolorfulactivitieswhichgreatlyenhancesociallife

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根据斯隆基金会的一项研究，这种便利性是2007-2008学年近400万美国学生至少选修一门在线课程的主要原因之一。）”，由此可知该项研究主要说明了线上学习的便捷性，因此D选项“很多人选择在线课程的最大原因是它的方便”符合题意。A选项“在2007-2008学年，大约有400万美国学生参加了在线课程”、B选项“网上报名正以每年10倍以上的速度增长”以及C选项“传统的座位上课方式和网上招生增长率之比为12.9:1.2”说法都正确，但都是该研究的内容，其主要目的还是说明线上课程的便捷性，因此D选项正确。

2.判断推理题。根据第三段最后一句“Thestigmaisgone…Onlinelearninghasreachedmassculturalacceptance.It’snolongertheuglystepsisterofthehigher-educationworld.（坏名声的时代已经过去了。在线学习已为大众文化所接受。它再也不是高等教育世界里丑陋的后来者了。”可推断出，以前人们认为在线学习是不可取的，C选项“这是一种普遍认为很差的学习方法”符合题意。A选项“这是一种方便的学习方式”；B选项“这是一种经济有效的学习方式”；D选项“这是一种很好的学习方式”都与题干不符，因此C选项正确。

3.判断推理题。根据题干可定位到文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士顿学院教授、前电子游戏设计师亚伦•沃尔什首创了沉浸式教育，这是一种通过虚拟世界进行教学的方法。）”，下文举例进行说明，其中提到“likehavingart-historystudentsflytotheceilingoftheSistineChapelorbiologymajorstotakeaMagicSchoolbus-liketripthroughthehumanbody.（比如让艺术史学生飞到西斯廷教堂的天花板上，或者让生物专业的学生乘坐魔法学校的巴士进行人体内的旅行。）”，由此可推断出D选项“在电脑前模拟人体旅行”符合浸入式教育的虚拟环境，所以正确。A选项“在物理教室里享受一些重力使其不可能实现的壮举”；B选项“去一个有自杀式炸弹袭击，生化攻击等的城市”以及C选项“通过互联网学习如何抚养一个被收养的孩子”都不符合浸入式教育的虚拟环境条件，因此D选项正确。

4.细节事实题。根据题干可定位到文章最后一段“Moreandmoreweseestudentsusingonlinelearningasanaccelerator,awaytomovemorequicklythroughtheirundergraduateprogram.（我们越来越多地看到学生将在线学习作为一种加速器，一种更快地完成本科课程的方式。）”，由此可知在麻省大学，学生可以通过线上学习提前完成自己的本科学业，因此B选项“你可以花比去校园更短的时间获得学位”符合题意。A选项“你将获得一个不同于在校同学的特殊学位”；C选项“你将接受比传统教育更高的标准化课程”；D选项“你可以随时接受老师的辅导”都与原文内容不符，因此B选项正确。

5.判断推理题。根据第一段“At$630percourse—about$1,800persemester—hisonlinedegreewillcostfarlessthanevenin-statetuitionatUC.（每门课程630美元——大约每学期1800美元——他的在线学位甚至比加州大学的州内学费还要便宜得多。）”可知A选项“在线学位的花费比课堂教育要少得多”正确；根据第二段“Thatconvenienceisoneofthemainreasonsnearly4millionAmericanstudentstookatleastoneonlinecourseinthe2007-2008schoolyear,accordingtoastudybytheSloanFoundation.（根据斯隆基金会的一项研究，这种便利性是2007-2008学年近400万美国学生至少选修一门在线课程的主要原因之一。）”可知B选项“在线教育有很多便利”正确；根据文章第四段“AaronWalsh,aprofessoratBostonCollegeandaformervideogamedesigner,haspioneeredImmersiveEducation,amethodofteachingthroughvirtualworlds.（波士顿学院教授、前电子游戏设计师亚伦•沃尔什首创了沉浸式教育，这是一种通过虚拟世界进行教学的方法。）”可知C选项“在线教育比传统教育形式更有趣”正确；D选项“在线教育提供了丰富多彩的活动，极大地提高了社会生活”文章没有提到，因此该题应选D选项。

9.单选题

The352kilometer-longThamesisthelongestriverinEngland.ItisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi.Yet,theThameshasbeenuniqueinshapingthehistoryofEngland.

WhentheNormansconqueredEngland,therewereonlymarshybanksalongtheThames.Likethepeoplewhohadbeenlivingalongtheriver,theyusedtheThamesashighwayandbuiltthecityLondiniumonitsnorthbank.

TodaytheThamesmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration.

WhilebeingagreatbenefittoLondonandLondoners,theThamescapbeadangerousenemy.Chiefamongitsdangersisflooding.Topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld’slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972.Thebarrier’sgatescanstandeighteenmetersabovetheriver’ssurfacewhenafloodstrikes.

Rightnowlargeofficebuildings,skyscrapersandartandrecreationcomplexesarerisingtochangetheskylineofLondon.TheThameshasneverceasedtodevelop,anditwillcontinuetoplayanimportantpartinthelifeofLondoners.

1.TheauthordoesnotsaythattheThamesisagreatbenefitto（

）.

2.TheThamesis

（

）

theNile,Amazon,orMississippi.

3.TopreventtheThamesfromflooding,theLondonersbuilt

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementssupportstheideathattheThamesisofgreatimportancetothelifeofLondoners?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?

问题1选项

A.rowers

B.businessmen

C.writers

D.farmers

问题2选项

A.longerthan

B.aslongal

C.shorterthan

D.notshorterthan

问题3选项

A.hydraulicmachines

B.amovablefloodbarrier

C.asteelgatebetweenconcretepiers

D.athickstonewellintheriver

问题4选项

A.TheThamesmeansdifferentthingstoDifferentpeople

B.TheThamesgivesstrengthtomanygreatpaintersandwriters

C.TheThamesmirrorstheebbandflowofLondon

D.TheThamesisthelongestriverinEngland

问题5选项

A.TheThamesusedtobedeveloped

B.TheThamesfloodssometimes

C.TheNormansbuiltthecityLondinium

D.PaintersdrawtheirinspirationfromtheThames

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节判断题。文章关于泰晤士河给哪些人带来利益的描述在第三段:Itis,forexample,a“sportingriver”torowers,butaworkingriverformenofcommerce.AndpaintersandwritersregardtheThamesasasourceofinspiration(例如，对于划手来说，这是一条“运动之河”，但对于商业人士来说，这是一条工作之河。画家和作家认为泰晤士河是灵感的源泉)。因此四个选项中,泰晤士没有带来利益的是D项“农民”。

2.判断推理题。第一段将泰晤士河,尼罗河,亚马逊河和密西西比河做了比较:itisalittlerivercomparedtheNile,Amazon,orMississippi(对比尼罗河,亚马逊河和密西西比河,泰晤士河只能算作一条小河流)。由此推断泰晤士河短一些。故选C项。

3.细节事实题。文中第四段提到“topreventtheriverfromflooding,theworld'slargestmovablefloodbarrierwasbuiltin1972”，可知为了防止洪水的爆发，1972年建立了世界上最大的移动式防洪屏障。答案为B。

4.主旨大意题。文章第二段讲了泰晤士河见证了伦敦的衰落，文中最后一段讲了现在伦敦建立了高楼大厦以及伦敦的变化，可见泰晤士河见证了伦敦的衰落。C项“泰晤士河见证了伦敦的起伏”比较能概括全文

5.细节事实题。四个选项为:A:泰晤士河曾经是繁荣的,错误,第二段说泰晤士河以前旁边只有沼泽河岸。

10.单选题

TheGermanGovernment’slong-plannedreturntoitshistoriccapitalisinfull______thissummer,almost10yearsafterthefalloftheBerlinWall.

问题1选项

A.gear

B.speed

C.rate

D.move

【答案】B

【解析】【试题解析】考查名词辨析。A选项gear“齿轮；（特定用途的）器械”；B选项speed“（发生或进行的）速度，进度”，fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”；C选项rate“速度；比率”；D选项move“行动”。句意：在柏林墙倒塌近10年后的今年夏天，德国政府计划已久的重返历史上的首都的计划______。根据语境，这里指的是全力推动计划，结合词组fullspeed“全速（或全力）向前”，B选项speed“（发生或进行的）速度，进度”符合题意。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Inasocietywhereallaspectsofourlivesaredictatedbyscientificadvancesintechnology,scienceistheessenceofourexistence.Withoutthevastadvancesmadebychemists,physicists,biologist,geologist,andotherdiligentscientists,ourstandardsoflivingwoulddecline,ourflourishing,wealthynationmightcometoaneconomicdepression,andourpeoplewouldsufferprovidedbyscience,yetourliveswouldbealteredinterminablywithoutthem.

Healthcare,oneoftheaspectsofoursocietythatseparatesusfromourarchaicancestors,isfoundedexclusivelyonscientificdiscoveriesandadvances.Withoutthevaccinescreatedbydoctors,diseasesuchaspoliomeasles,hepatitis,andthefluwouldposeathreattoourcitizens,foralthoughsomeofthesediseasemaynotbedeadly,theirsideeffectscanbeavastdetrimenttoanindividualaffectedwiththedisease.

Inaddition,sciencehasdevelopedperhapsthemostawe-inspiring,vitalinventioninthehistoryoftheworld,thecomputer.Withoutthepresenceofthismachine,ourworldcouldexist,buttheconveniencebroughtintolifebythecomputerareunparalleled.

Despitethegreatnessofpresent-dayinnovatorsandscientistsandtheirrevelations,itisrequisitetoexaminetheamenitiesofsciencethatourculturesoblatantlydisregards.Forinstance,thelightbulb,electricity,thetelephone,runningwater,andtheautomobilearepresent-daystaplesofoursociety;however,theywerenotpresentuntilscientistsdiscoveredthem.

Becauseofthecontributionofscientist,ourworldisevermetamorphosing,andthismetamorphosiseconomicallyandpersonallycompriseoursociety,whetheroursocietyiscognizantofthisornot.

1.Inthefirstparagraphtheauthorimpliesthatwe（）.

2.Theauthoruseshealthcareandvaccinestoillustrate（）.

3.Nothing，accordingtotheauthor,canmatchtheinventionofthecomputerintermof（）.

4.Theauthorseemstobeunhappyabout（）.

5.Theauthor’stoneinthepassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.wouldnotsurvivewithoutscience

B.taketheamenitiesofscienceforgranted

C.couldhaveraisedthestandardsoflivingwithscience

D.wouldbefreeofdiseasebecauseofscientificadvances

问题2选项

A.howscience