考研考博-英语-大连海洋大学考试押题三合一+答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-大连海洋大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Iamnot（）withmyroommatebutIhavetosharetheroomwithher,becauseIhavenowhereelsetolive.

问题1选项

A.concerned

B.compatible

C.considerate

D.complied

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项concerned“有关的”；B选项compatible“兼容的，能共处的”；C选项considerate“体贴的，考虑周到的”；D选项complied（comply的过去分词形式）“遵照，顺从”。根据句意可知，因为我无处可去所以不得不和室友住在一起，由but可知，我和室友应该是无法和谐共处。becompatiblewith为固定搭配，意为“适合，一致”。所以选项B正确。

2.单选题

Allflights（

）becauseofthesnowstorm,manypassengerscoulddonothingbuttakethetrain.

问题1选项

A.hadbeencanceled

B.havebeencanceled

C.werecanceled

D.havingbeencanceled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:因为暴风雪所有的航班都被取消了，很多乘客不得不改乘火车。

语法题。考查时态语态。前后句子主语不一致,因此前面句子应该用独立主格结构表示原因:逻辑主语+doing,前面句子逻辑主语是Allflights,谓语动词是cancel(取消),所以应该用被动语态。而且前面句子发生在后面句子之前,因此用现在完成时。

3.单选题

Assimilatingthereportincomputingrequiresmuchtime,forI’mnotspecializedinthisfield.

问题1选项

A.Digesting

B.Incorporating

C.Imitating

D.Compiling

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项Digesting“消化”；B选项Incorporating“包含”；C选项Imitating“模仿”；D选项Compiling“编辑”。句意：消化这篇计算方面的报告要花很多时间，因为我不是这方面的专家。划线部分Assimilating是消化、吸收的意思。因此A选项正确。

4.翻译题

Thereisnohappinessexceptaswetakeonlife-engagingdifficulties.Shortoftheimpossible,asYeatsputit,thesatisfactionswegetfromalifetimedependonhowhighwechooseourdifficulties.RobertFrostwasthinkinginsomethinglikethesametermswhenhespokeof“Thepleasureoftakingpains.’’Themortalflawintheadvertisedversionofhappinessisinthefactthatitpurportstobeeffortless.

Happinessisnevermorethanpartial.Therearenopurestatesofmankind.Whateverelsehappinessmaybe,itisneitherinhavingnotinbeing,butinbecoming.WhattheFoundingFathersdeclaredforusasaninherentright,weshoulddowelltoremember,wasnothappinessbutthepursuitofhappiness.Whattheymighthaveunderlined,couldtheyhaveforeseenthehappiness-market,isthecardinalfactthathappinessisinthepursuititself,inthemeaningfulpursuitofwhatislife-engagingandlife-revealing,whichistosay,intheideaofbecoming.

【答案】只有我们承担生活中的种种困难，生活才会相应的充满快乐。正如叶芝所言，除了那些不可能的事，我们从生活中得到的满足感取决于我们对待困境的态度。罗伯特•弗罗斯特在谈到“吃苦的乐趣”时也拥有同样的看法。广告中有一种错误的宣传，致命的是它们宣称快乐是很容易获得的。

幸福从来都不是片面的。人们没有纯粹的状态。无论快乐是什么，不在于我们是否拥有它，是否存在，而在于是否可以成为一种快乐。开国先驱曾将宣称这是我们与生俱来的权利，然而我们应该牢记，我们的权利不是幸福，而是对幸福的一种追求。去追求人生究竟是什么，并且会给我们带来什么样的启迪，也就是追求快乐的过程。

5.单选题

ThreeYaleUniversityprofessorsagreedinapaneldiscussiontonightthattheautomobilewaswhatoneofthemcalled“PublicHealthEnemyNo.1inthiscountry”.Besidespollutingtheairandcongestingthecities,carsareinvolvedinmorethanhalfthedisablingaccidents,andtheycauseheartdisease“becausewedon’twalkanywhereanymore,”saidDr.H.RichardWeinerman,professorofmedicineandpublichealth.Dr.Weinerman’ssharpcriticismofautomobilecameinadiscussionofhumanenvironmentonYaleReports,aradioprogrambroadcastbyStationWTICinHartford,Connecticut.Theprogramopenedathree-partserieson“StayingAlive”.“Forthefirsttimeinhumanhistory,theproblemofman’ssurvivalhastodowithhiscontrolofman-madedangers,”Dr.Weinermansaid.“Beforethis,theproblemhadbeenthecontrolofnaturaldangers.”

Relatingmanyofthesedangersoftheautomobile,ArthurW.Galston,aprofessorofbiology,saiditwaspossibletomakeakerosene-burningcarthatwould“lessensmogbyaverylargefactor”.ButheexpresseddoubtthatAmericanswerewillingtogiveupmovingaboutthecountrysideat90milesanhourinalargevehicle.“Americaseemsweddedtothemotorcar—everyfamilyhastohaveatleasttwo,andonehastobeaconvertiblewith300horsepower,”ProfessorGalstoncontinued.“Isthisthewayoflifethatwechoosebecausewecherishthesevalues?”

ForPaulB.Sears,professorofconservation,partoftheblamelieswith“asocietythatregardsprofitasasupremevalue,underthefalseideathatanythingthat’stechnicallypossibleis,therefore,ethicallyjustified”.ProfessorSearsalsocalledthecountry’sdependenceonitsmodernautomobile“lousyeconomics”becauseofthelargehorsepowerusedsimply“movingonepersontowork”.ButheagreedthatAmericanshavepaintedthemselvesintoacomerbyallowingthenationaleconomytobecomesoreliantontheautomobileindustry.

AccordingtoDr.Weinerman,automobiles,notthefactories,areresponsiblefortwo-thirdsofthesmoginAmericancities,andthesmogpresentsthepossibilityofawholenewkindofepidemic,notduetoonegerm,butduetopollutedenvironment.“Withinanotherfivetotenyears,it’spossibletohaveanepidemicoflungcancerinacitylikeLosAngeles.Thisisanewphenomenoninhealthconcern,”hesaid.

Thesolution,hecontinued,is“nottofindalessdangerousfuel,butadifferentsystemofinner-citytransportation.Becauseoftheincreasinguseofcars,publictransportationhasbeenallowedtowitheranddegenerate,sothatifyoucan’twalktowhereyouwanttogo,youhavetohaveacarinmostcities,”heasserted.This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.

1.Themainideaofthisarticleisthat___.

2.Inparagraph2,ProfessorGalstonimpliesthat___.

3.Inparagraph3,ProfessorSearsimpliesthat___.

4.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph5that___.

5.Dr.Weinermanwouldprobablyagreethat___,ifpublictransportationwereimproved.

问题1选项

A.Americansaretooattachedtotheircars

B.Americancarsruntoofastandconsumetoomuchfuel

C.theautomobileindustryhascausedallthistohappen

D.automobilesendangerboththeenvironmentandpeople

问题2选项

A.peoplearemoreinterestedinfastautomobilesthanintheirhealth

B.kerosene-burningcarswouldpollutetheenvironmentmoreseriouslythangasoline-burningenginesdo

C.Americansfeelmorecloselyconnectedtotheircarsthantotheenvironment

D.itisnotrightforeveryfamilytohaveatleasttwocars

问题3选项

A.technologyisalwaysgoodforpeople

B.technologyisnotalwaysgoodforpeople

C.financialprofitismoreimportantthantechnologicaladvancement

D.technologicaladvancementwillimprovefinancialprofit

问题4选项

A.afuellessdangerousthangasolinemustbefound

B.peopleshouldgetridoftheircarsandtakethebustowork

C.publictransportationshouldbeimprovedsothatpeoplecanbecomelessdependentupontheircarsforinner-citytransportation

D.theonlysolutiontothisproblemistobuildmorehighwaysandmoresubways

问题5选项

A.theinnercitymightimprove

B.themiddleclasswouldmovetothesuburbs

C.publicroadswouldgetworse

D.therewouldstillbeanurgentneedtobuildmorehighways

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】1.主旨大意题。定位到原文第一段中心句ThreeYaleUniversityprofessorsagreedinapaneldiscussiontonightthattheautomobilewaswhatoneofthemcalled“PublicHealthEnemyNo.1inthiscountry”.Besidespollutingtheairandcongestingthecities,carsareinvolvedinmorethanhalfthedisablingaccidents,andtheycauseheartdisease…（三位耶鲁大学教授在今晚的小组讨论中一致认为汽车是他们中的一位所说的“这个国家的头号公共卫生敌人”。除了污染空气和堵塞城市，汽车还与一半以上的致残事故有关，它们还会引发心脏病……），第一段第一句点名文章主题：汽车对人类和环境造成了伤害。接下来几段围绕这一中心展开，则选D选项“汽车危害环境和人”；A选项“美国人太依赖他们的汽车了”，B选项“美国汽车跑得太快，消耗太多燃料”以及C选项“汽车工业导致了这一切的发生”都是片面内容，不足以概括全文。因此D选项正确。

2.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第二段Relatingmanyofthesedangersoftheautomobile,ArthurW.Galston,aprofessorofbiology,saiditwaspossibletomakeakerosene-burningcarthatwould“lessensmogbyaverylargefactor”.ButheexpresseddoubtthatAmericanswerewillingtogiveupmovingaboutthecountrysideat90milesanhourinalargevehicle.“Americaseemsweddedtothemotorcar—everyfamilyhastohaveatleasttwo,andonehastobeaconvertiblewith300horsepower,”ProfessorGalstoncontinued.“Isthisthewayoflifethatwechoosebecausewecherishthesevalues?”（生物学教授ArthurW.Galston在谈到汽车的许多这些危险时表示，制造一种燃烧煤油的汽车，“在很大程度上减少烟雾”是可能的。但他对美国人是否愿意放弃开着时速90英里的大型汽车在乡间穿梭表示怀疑。高尔斯顿教授继续说:“美国似乎已经和汽车密不可分——每个家庭至少得有两辆，其中一辆必须是一辆300马力的敞篷车。”“这是我们选择的生活方式吗，因为我们珍惜这些价值?”）可知制造一种燃烧煤油的汽车，“在很大程度上减少烟雾”是可能的，但是从教授后面所说的话可以看到美国人可能不愿意这样做，不愿意为了环境减少用车或者改变一些用车习惯，则选C选项“美国人感觉与汽车的关系比与环境的关系更密切”；A选项“人们对高速汽车比他们的健康更感兴趣”，B选项“燃烧煤油的汽车比燃烧汽油的发动机污染环境更严重”在原文未提及；D选项“每个家庭至少有两辆车是不对的”，教授只是举每个家庭有两辆车的例子来证明自己所暗示的内容：美国人感觉与汽车的关系更密切。因此C选项符合题意。

3.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第三段第一句ForPaulB.Sears,professorofconservation,partoftheblamelieswith“asocietythatregardsprofitasasupremevalue,underthefalseideathatanythingthat’stechnicallypossibleis,therefore,ethicallyjustified”.（对环境保护学教授PaulB.Sears来说，部分原因在于“一个将利润视为最高价值的社会，存在着一种错误的想法，即任何技术上可能的事情都因此在伦理上是正当的”）可知选B选项“技术并不总是对人有好处”，PaulB.Sears教授认为并不是技术上能实现的东西对人就是好的，同时可知A选项错误“科技总是对人有好处”，和原文相悖；C选项“财务利润比技术进步更重要”，D选项“技术进步将提高财政利润”未在文章内提及。因此B选项正确。

4.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第五段Thesolution,hecontinued,is“nottofindalessdangerousfuel,butadifferentsystemofinner-citytransportation.Becauseoftheincreasinguseofcars,publictransportationhasbeenallowedtowitheranddegenerate,sothatifyoucan’twalktowhereyouwanttogo,youhavetohaveacarinmostcities,”heasserted.This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.（他接着说，解决办法是“不是找到一种危险性较小的燃料，而是一种不同的市内交通系统。由于汽车的使用越来越多，公共交通已经被允许萎缩和退化，因此，如果你不能步行到你想去的地方，你必须在大多数城市有一辆车，”他断言。Dr.Weinerman认为，这反过来又是造成公共道路“动脉硬化”的原因，也是造成市中心衰败和中产阶级向郊区迁移的原因）可知Dr.Weinerman认为目前的市内交通系统不合适，会导致人们更偏向于选择汽车，而这又会造成公共道路“动脉硬化”，解决方法不是找到一种危险性较小的燃料，而是改善目前的公共交通，选C选项“公共交通应该得到改善，这样人们就可以减少在市内交通中对汽车的依赖”，同时可知A选项“必须找到一种比汽油危险小的燃料”错误，B选项“人们应该摆脱他们的汽车，乘公共汽车去上班”逻辑关系错误，根据Dr.Weinerman的话，我们可知目前情况，公共交通不改善的话人们并不愿意摆脱汽车；D选项“解决这个问题的唯一办法是修建更多的高速公路和地铁”属于过度推断。因此C选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据题干定位到第五段This,inturn,Dr.Weinermancontended,isresponsibleforthe“arteriosclerosis”ofpublicroads,fortheblightoftheinnercityandforthemiddle-classmovementtothesuburbs.（Dr.Weinerman认为，这反过来又是造成公共道路“动脉硬化”的原因，也是造成市中心衰败和中产阶级向郊区迁移的原因）可知Dr.Weinerman认为如果公共交通得到改善，市中心的情况会改善，中产阶级可能不会一致向郊区迁移，选A选项“市中心可能会改善”，同时可知B选项“中产阶级将搬到郊区”不符合原文；C选项“公共道路会变得更糟”未在原文中提及；D选项“仍然迫切需要建造更多的高速公路”过度推断，排除。因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Thetwodelegateshadanin-depthexchangeofviewsonhowtoenhancetheir（）cooperation.

问题1选项

A.ethical

B.bilateral

C.mandatory

D.subsidiary

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。ethical“伦理的，道德的”；bilateral“双边的”；mandatory“强制的”；subsidiary“附属的”，由delegate“代表团”与cooperation“合作”一词可知此处应该选择形容词bilateral，表示两国之间的合作。句意：这两个代表团就如何加强……合作进行了深入的交流。故正确答案为选项B。

7.单选题

Accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood.Whenpersonfeelslikerunningawayfromsomethinghethinkswillhurthim,wecallthisemotionfear.Ifthepersonwantstoremovethedangerbyattackingit,wecalltheemotionanger.Theemotionsofjoyandlovearearousedwhenwethinksomethingcanhelpus.Anemotiondoesnothavetobecreatedbysomethingintheoutsideworld;itcanbecreatedbyaperson'sthoughts.

Everyonehasemotions.Manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions.Theybelievechildrenlearnemotionsjustastheylearntoreadandwrite.Agrowingchildnotonlyleamshisemotions,butalsolearnshowtoactincertainsituationsbecauseofanemotion.

Psychologiststhinkthattherearetwotypesofemotion:positiveandnegative.Positiveemotionsincludelove,liking,joy,delight,andhope.Theyarearousedbysomethingthatappealstoaperson.Negativeemotionsmakeapersonunhappyordissatisfied.Theyincludeanger,fear,despair,sadness,anddisgust.Ingrowingup,apersonlearnstocopewiththenegativeemotionsinordertobehappy.

Emotionsmaybeweakorstrong.Somestrongemotionsaresounpleasantthatapersonwilltryanymeanstoescapefromthem.Inordertofeelhappy,thepersonmaychooseunusualwaystoavoidtheemotion.

Strongemotionscanmakeithardtothinkandtosolveproblems.Theymaypreventapersonfromlearningorpayingattentiontowhatheisdoing.Forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly.Theworrydrainsvaluablementalenergyheneedsfortheexamination.

1.Welearnfromthepassagethatanemotioniscreatedbysomethingthat（）.

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?（）

3.Theauthor'spurposeofwritingthispassageisto（）.

4.Wecansafelyconcludethatastudentmayfailinanexamif（）.

5.Asusedinthelastsentence,theword“drains”means（）.

问题1选项

A.onethinksbadorgood

B.onefeelsindanger

C.onefacesintheoutsideworld

D.onetriestoescapefrominreallife

问题2选项

A.Childrenlearnemotionsastheygrowup.

B.Babiesarebornwithemotions.

C.Emotionsfallintotwotypesingeneral.

D.Peoplecancopewiththenegativeemotionsinlife.

问题3选项

A.explainwhypeoplehaveemotions

B.showhowpeopleavoidthenegativeemotions

C.explainwhatpeopleshoulddobeforeemotions

D.defineandclassifypeople’semotions

问题4选项

A.hecannotthinkproperly

B.hecannotpayattentiontoit

C.hecannotadjusthimselftoit

D.heisnotfullofenergy

问题5选项

A.stops

B.ties

C.weakens

D.flowsgradually

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.文章第一句accordingtopsychologists,anemotionisarousedwhenamanoranimalviewssomethingaseitherbadorgood提到人的情感是由于人或者动物将某物视作好或坏的时候。选项A符合题意。

2.文章第二段第二句manypsychologistsbelievethatinfantsarebornwithoutemotions提到婴儿被认为生下来没有情感。所以选项B符合题意。

3.文章主要介绍了什么是人类的情感，有哪些种类，所以选项D符合题意。

4.文章最后一段倒数第二句forexample,astudenttakinganexaminationmaybesoworriedaboutfailingthathecannotthinkproperly提到参加考试的学生害怕考试失败而难以正常思考。如果不能正常思考，考试就可能失败。所以选项A符合题意。

5.题干中的drain的意思是“流干”。在文中指的是担忧将人们所需的经历削弱，选项C符合题意。

8.单选题

Allovertheworld,yourchancesofsuccessinschoolandlifedependmoreonyourfamilycircumstancesthanonanyotherfactor.Byagethree,kidswithprofessionalparentsarealreadyafullyearaheadoftheirpoorerpeers.Theyknowtwiceasmanywordsasmanywordsandscore40pointshigheronIQtests.Byage10,thegapisthreeyears.Bythen,somepoorchildrenhavenotmasteredbasicreadingandmathskills,andmanyneverwill:hisistheageatwhichfailurestartstobecomeirreversible.

Afewschoolsystemsseemtohavefiguredouthowtoerasethesegaps.Finlandensuresthateverychildcompletesbasiceducationandmeetsarigorousstandard.OneFinnishdistrictofficial,askedaboutthenumberofchildrenwhodon’tcompleteschoolinhercity,replied,”Icantellyoutheirnamesifyouwant.“IntheUnitedStates,KIPPcharterschoolsenrollstudentsfromthepoorestfamiliesandensurethatmostalmosteveryoneofthemgraduateshighschool—80percentmakeittocollege.Singaporenarroweditsachievementgapamongethnicminoritiesfrom17percentto5percentover20years.

Thesesuccessstoriesofferlessonsfortherestofus.First,getchildrenintoschoolearly.High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.Onestudy,whichbeganinthe1960s,trackedtwogroupsofstudentsfromdisadvantagedbackgrounds.Someweregiventheopportunitytoattendahigh-qualitypre-school;otherswerenot.Thirty-fiveyearslater,thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs,andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.

Second,recognizethattheaveragekidspendsabouthalfhiswakinghoursupuntiltheageof18outsideofschool—don’tignorethattime.KIPPstudentsspend60percentmoretimeinschoolthantheaverageAmericanstudents.Theyarriveearlier,leavelater,attendmoreregularly,andevengotoschooleveryotherSaturday.Similarly,in1996,Chileextendeditsschooldaytoaddtheequivalentofmorethantwomoreyearsofschooling.

Third,pourlotsofefforttotrainteachers.StudiesintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatkidswiththemosteffectiveteacherslearnthreetimesasmuchasthosewiththeleasteffective.SystemssuchasSingapore’sarechoosyaboutrecruiting;theyinvestintrainingandcontinuingeducation;theyevaluateteachersregularly,andtheyawardbonusesonlytothetopperformers.

Finally,recognizethevalueofindividualizedattention.InFinland,kidswhostarttostrugglereceiveone-to-onesupportfromtheirteachers.RoughlyoneinthreeFinnishstudentsalsogetsextrahelpfromatutoreachyear.Ifwecanlearnthelessonofwhatworks,wecanbuildonit.

1.WhatcanweinferfromtheFinnishdistrictofficial’sreplyinParagraph2?

2.Whyisitimportantforkidstoattendahigh-qualitypre-school?WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?

3.Themostimportanteducationalfactorforachildtoachievesuccessinschoolandlifeisto______.

4.WhydoesSingaporelaysomuchemphasisontheroleofteachers?

5.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

问题1选项

A.Sheexpressesadesiretoshowoffhergoodmemory.

B.Sheiswillingtooffertheinformationatanytime.

C.Herjobrequireshertorememberallthestudents’names.

D.ThebasiceducationispaidmuchattentiontoinFinland.

问题2选项

A.Kidscanlearnbetterandmore.

B.Kidstendtobepsychologicallyhealthywhentheygrowup.

C.Kidscanhaveabrighterfuture.

D.Whentheygrowup,thekidswishtoearnmoremoney.

问题3选项

A.receiveagoodandearlypre-schooling

B.prolonghisorherlearningtimeinschool

C.getinstructionfrommoreexcellentteachers

D.getperson-to-personhelpfromtheteachers

问题4选项

A.Kidslikeseriousteachers.

B.Kidscanhavebetterchancestolearnmoreandbetter.

C.Goodteacherscancreateahappyandrelaxedenvironment.

D.Kidswanttokeepagoodrelationshipwithteachers.

问题5选项

A.Theimportanceoffamilyeconomicconditionstokids’successinstudyandlife.

B.Theachievementgapbetweenchildrenfromwealthyfamiliesandpoorerones.

C.Somecountrieshaveachievedsuccessinerasingthegapbetweenchildrencompletely.

D.Howtonarrowtheachievementgapbetweenkidsfromdifferentfamilybackgrounds.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。根据题干，可以定位到文章第二段第二句Finlandensuresthateverychildcompletesbasiceducationandmeetsarigorousstandard.（芬兰确保每个孩子完成基础教育，并达到严格的标准）。D选项“芬兰非常重视基础教育”，根据文章内容，芬兰非常重视基础教育，未接受基础教育的孩子屈指可数，D选项正确。A选项“她想要炫耀她的好记性”，文章并不是想要表明她的记性好，A选项可排除。B选项“她愿意随时提供信息”，文章没有提到此内容，B选项可排除。C选项“她的工作要求她记住所有学生的名字”，她的工作内容并不是要记住孩子的名字，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

2.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干我们可以定位到文章第三段。D选项“当他们长大了，孩子们希望赚更多的钱”，文章第三段提到thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs,andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.（上过学前班的孩子收入更高，有更好的工作，入狱或离婚的可能性更小。），可推测上过学前班的孩子挣得更多，有更好的工作，但并不是他们希望能够挣到更多的钱，D选项符合题意，因此选择D。A选项“孩子们可以学得更好、更多”，可以定位到文章第三段High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.（高质量的学前教育比任何其他教育干预都更有助于孩子在学校和生活中的机会）。A选项可排除。B选项“孩子们长大后心理往往是健康的”，可以定位到文章第三段andwerelesslikelytohavebeeninprisonordivorced.（孩子们长大后入狱的机会小），因此可推测，接受学前教育的孩子们长大后心理更健康，B选项可排除。C选项“孩子们可以有一个更光明的未来”，文章第三段thekidswhowenttopre-schoolearnedmore,hadbetterjobs（孩子们有更好的工作，更高的收入），因此推测，接受高质量学前教育的儿童，可能有一个更光明的未来，C选项可排除。因此D选项正确。

3.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文中第三段第一、二句Thesesuccessstoriesofferlessonsfortherestofus.First,getchildrenintoschoolearly.High-qualitypre-schoolingdoesmoreforachild’schancesinschoolandlifethananyothereducationalintervention.（这些成功的故事为我们其他人提供了教训。首先，让孩子们早点上学。高质量的学前教育比任何其他教育干预都更有助于孩子在学校和生活中的机会）。A选项“接受良好和早期的学前教育”，符合文章所说的内容，儿童接受早期教育越早，越有助于获得成功，A选项正确。B选项“延长在学校的学习时间”，文章第四段提到KIPPstudentsspend60percentmoretimeinschoolthantheaverageAmericanstudents.（KIPP学生在学校的时间比普通美国学生多），这不是孩子成功的主要原因，可排除B选项。C选项“得到更多优秀教师的指导”，文章倒数第二段提到pourlotsofefforttotrainteachers.（只是培训教师），可排除C选项。D选项“从老师那里得到面对面的帮助”，文章最后一段提到kidswhostarttostrugglereceiveone-to-onesupportfromtheirteachers.（开始有困难的会获得老师一对一的支持），但这不是孩子获得成功的根本原因，可排除D选项。因此A选项正确。

4.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第五段第二句StudiesintheUnitedStateshaveshownthatkidswiththemosteffectiveteacherslearnthreetimesasmuchasthosewiththeleasteffective（美国的研究表明，拥有最高效教师的孩子学到的东西是低效教师的三倍）。B选项“孩子们可以有更好的机会学到更多更好的东西”，符合文章内容，高效教师使孩子学得更多，B选项正确。A选项“孩子们喜欢严肃的老师”，文章没有提到此内容，排除A选项。C选项“好的老师可以创造一个快乐和轻松的环境”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除C选项。D选项“孩子们想要和老师保持良好的关系”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除D选项。因此B选项正确。

5.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。通读全文。A选项“家庭经济条件对孩子学习和生活成功的重要性”，文章第一段提到Allovertheworld,yourchancesofsuccessinschoolandlifedependmoreonyourfamilycircumstancesthanonanyotherfactor（在世界各地，你在学校和生活中取得成功的机会更多地取决于你的家庭环境，而不是其他任何因素），因此文章的主要内容，便是家庭环境对孩子成功的重要性，且围绕此观点展开，A选项正确。B选项“富裕家庭和贫困家庭孩子之间的成就差距”，文章只是部分内容提到这个观点，B选项可排除。C选项“一些国家在完全消除儿童之间的差距方面取得了成功”，文章只是说让孩子接受基础教育方面取得较大的进展，并不是完全消除差距，C选项可排除。D选项“如何缩小不同家庭背景的孩子之间的成绩差距”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除D。因此A选项正确。

9.单选题

Whatmakesagreatcommunicator?Awillingnesstosharethatdrivingsenseofmissionandaburningfaiththatotherswillembrace,too.

Asanentrepreneur,youhaveanextraordinarystorytotell.Butwhetheryou’repitchingorpromotingaservice,product,company,orcause,howyoucraftanddeliveryourmessagecouldmeanthedifferencebetweenmakingthesaleorbeingshownthedoor.Somepeoplearesimplybetterthanothersatarticulatingtheirmessage.

Raisingthebar

Myworktakesmeacrossthecountryandexposesmetospokespeopleinavarietyofindustries.Butthegoalsarealwaysthesame:Toarticulateamessagethatmeetsthedemandsofcontemporaryaudiences,whowanttheirspeakerstobepassionate,inspiring,brief,captivating,andclear.

AsthemajorityofusareaccustomedtoPowerPointshows,24-hourcablenews,andMTV-stylevideos,ourperceptionofgreatcorporatespeakershaschanged.Thegreatspokespeopleofourtimehaveraisedthebaronwhatitmeanstobeabusinesscommunicator—andyou’rebeingcomparedtothem.

WhenCNBCinterviewsAppleCEOSteveJobs,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenC-SPANbringsBritishPrimeMinisterTonyBlairintoourlivingroomseveryweek,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.WhenCiscoCEOJohnChambersdeliversadazzlingPowerPointshow,you’rebeingcomparedtohim.They’vemastered10techniquesthatsetthemapart—techniquesthatIuncoveredwhileresearchingmynewbook,“10SimpleSecretsoftheWorld’sGreatestBusinessCommunicators.”

Pitchingwithoomph

Butenoughtalkabout“thesecrets”.Let’sgetstarted.Extraordinaryentrepreneursandbusinessprofessionalcredittheircommunicationskillsformuchoftheirsuccess,andeachisfueledbypassionatecommitmenttotheirservice,product,company,orcause.Passionseparatestheworld’stoppitchmenfromthevastmajorityofmediocrepresenters.Withoutpassion,youwillfailtomotivate,inspire,andelectrifyyouraudiences.

StarbucksChairmanHowardSchultzdidn’tbuildoneofthemostadmiredbrandsintheworldbecauseheblendstherightmixofespresso,steamedmilk,andfoam.WhileinterviewingSchultzfor“10SimpleSecrets”,Iquicklyrealizedhedoesn’tleavehispassionattheoffice.Whilemanyofuslikecoffeeevenloveit,Schultzispassionateaboutit.Reallypassionate.

Duringanow-famoustriptoItaly,onapiazzainMilan,Schultz’slifewasforeverchanged.TheItalianswerepassionateabouttheircoffee,heexcitedlytoldhiswife.SchultzbroughtthatpassionbacktoAmericaandtransformedasmallSeattlecoffee-beanstoreintoanAmericaninstitution.HiszealconvincedinvestorstobuyintohisconceptofbringingItalian-stylecafestoAmerica—andwithoutit,weneverwouldhavebeenintroducedtomochafrappuccinos!

Emotionalrapport

Atthispoint,someofyoumightbesaying,“Mypassionistogetrich.”Fine.ButI’murgingyoutodigdeeper.Yousee,I’vepersonallymetandinterviewedseveralentrepreneurswhohavejoinedthebillionairesclub.I’vewatchedthemaddressstaff,customers,andinvestors.Notoncedidtheyeverdiscusshowmuchjoytheygetoutofbeingwealthy.Instead,theybuildanemotionalrapportwiththeirlistenersbysharingtheirconnectiontothetopic—theirpassion—throughpersonalstories,anecdotes,andexamples.

Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”Ifyou’reafinancialplanner,isittohelpyourcustomersavoidthepainfuldebtyousawyourparentsfallinto?ItisforSuzeOrman,whotappedintothatpassiontofuelhersuccessasanauthorandtelevisionhost.Ofyousellnetworkinghardware,isyourpassionfueledbythedesiretochangethewaytheworldlives,works,plays,andlearns?ItisforCiscoSystemsCEOJohnChambers,whosepassionatevisionofthefuturehasearnedhimaspotasoneofthemostadmiredchiefexecutivesincorporateAmerica.

Ifyoumanageacoffeeshoporrestaurant,isyourpassiontocreateawelcoming“thirdplace”betweenhomeandworkforyourcustomerstoenjoy?ItisforHowardSchultz,whosepassionhasliterallychangedthedailyhabitsofmillionsofpeoplearoundtheworld.Sowhetheryou’readdressingandaudienceof1or1,000,revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage.Itwillsetyouapartasaspeaker.

26.What’stherelationshipbetweenthelasttwoparagraphs?

27.Thepassageindicatesthatitisimportantto________inbusinesscommunication.

28.ThispassageismeanttotargetthefollowinggroupsofreadersEXCEPT________.

29.Whatdoesthe“thirdplace”inthelastparagraphreferto?

30.Bysaying“Raisingthebar”(Paragraph3),theauthormeans________.

问题1选项

A.Theybothsupportthesametopicsentence.

B.Theypresentopposingideasrespectively.

C.Thelatteristheillustrationoftheformer.

D.Thelatteristhelogicalresultoftheformer.

问题2选项

A.establishpersonalfriendship

B.showpassioninconveyingmessage

C.employhighcommunicativeskills

D.meetlisteners’emotionaldemands

问题3选项

A.entrepreneurs

B.salespersons

C.publicspeakers

D.shopowners

问题4选项

A.Aplacetoenjoy.

B.Ashoptoshareyourpersonalinformation.

C.Acoffeeshoporrestaurant.

D.Aprivateplacetorevealyourpassion.

问题5选项

A.ahigherstandardforbusinesscommunicators

B.abetterarticulationofmessagesincommunication

C.thatbusinesscommunicatorsshouldmaster10techniques

D.thatbusinesscommunicatorsarebeingcomparedtofigureslikespokespeople

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】26.推理判断题。根据第十段第一句Nowaskyourself,“What’smyconnectiontomymessage?”（现在问问你自己，“我和我表达的信息有什么联系？”）和最后一段revealyourpassionbyidentifyingandsharingyourpersonalconnectiontoyourcompanymessage（通过识别并分享你与公司信息的个人联系来展现你的热情），可知这两段都在讲通过表达自己与自己表达的信息联系来加强情感联系，所以A选项