考研考博-英语-吉林建筑大学考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-吉林建筑大学考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Hehadalwayshadagoodopinionofhimself,butafterthepublicationofhisbest-sellingnovelhebecameunbearably（

）.

问题1选项

A.bigoted

B.proud

C.conceited

D.exaggerated

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。bigoted意为“偏执的，顽固的，心胸狭窄的”；proud意为“得意的，自豪的”；conceited意为“自负的，骄傲自大的”；exaggerated意为“夸大的，言过其实的”。由句中的but可知前后为转折关系，C选项最符合语境。

句意：他一直对自己评价很高，但在他的畅销小说出版后，他变得及其自负。

2.单选题

Iremembermeetinghimoneeveningwithhispushcart.Ihadmanagedtosellallmypapersandwascominghomeinthesnow.IthasthatstrangehourindowntownNewYorkwhentheworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight.Imarchedamongthousandsoftiredmenandwomenwhomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked.Theyflowedinriversthroughtheclothingfactorydistricts,thendownalongtheavenuestotheEastSide.

ImetmyfathernearCooperUnion.Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely;thetearscametomyeyes.Thenhesawme,andhisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile——CharlieChaplin'ssmile.

“Arch,it’sMikey,”hesaid.“Soyouhavesoldyourpapers!Comeandeatabanana.”

Heofferedmeone.Irefusedit.Ifeltitcrucialthatmyfathersellhisbananas,notgivethemaway.HethoughtIwasshy,andcoaxedandjokedwithme;andmademeeatthebanana.Itsmelledofwetstrawandsnow.

“Youhaven’tsoldmanybananastoday,pop,Isaidanxiously.

Heshruggedhisshoulders.

“WhatcanIdo?Nooneseemstowantthem.

Itwastrue.Theworkcrowdspushedhomemoroselyoverthepavements.TherustyskydarkenedoverNewYorkbuildings,thetallstreetlampswerelit,innumerabletrucks,streetcarsandelevatedtrainsclatteredby.Nobodyandnothinginthegreatcitystoppedformyfather’sbananas.

“Ioughttoyell,”saidmyfatherdolefully.66Ioughttomakeabignoiselikeotherpeddlers,butitmakesmythroatsore.Anyway,I’mashamedofyelling.Itmakesmefeellikeafool.’’

Ihadeatenoneofhisbananas.MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather.

“I’llyellforyou,pop.”Ivolunteered,

“Arch,no，’’hesaid,“gohome;youhaveworkedenoughtoday.JusttellmommaI’llbelate.”

ButIyelledandyelled.Myfather,standingby,spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise,andsaidIwasawonder&lyeller.Nobodyelsepaidattention.Theworkersdriftedpastuswearily,endlessly;adefeatedarmywrappedindreamsofhome.Elevatedtrainscrashed;theCooperUnionclockburnedaboveus;theskygrewblack,thewindpoured,theslushburnedthroughourshoes.Therewerethousandsofstrange,silentfigurespouringoverthesidewalksinsnow.Noneofthemstoppedtobuybananas.Iyelledandyelled,butnobodylistened.

Myfathertriedtostopmeatlast.“Nu,”hesaidsmilingtoconsoleme,“thatwaswonderfulyelling,Mikey.Butit’splainweareunluckytoday!Let’sgohome.”

Iwasfrantic,andalmostintears.Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells..Butatlastmyfatherpersuadedmetoleavewithhim.

1.“Unyoked”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto（

）.

2.Whichofthefollowingisintendedtobeapairofcontrastinthepassage?

3.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribethecharacteroftheson?

4.Whatisthethemeofthestory?

5.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefatherandtheson?

问题1选项

A.sentout

B.released

C.dispatched

D.removed

问题2选项

A.Hugecrowdsandlonelyindividuals.

B.Weatherconditionsandstreetlamps.

C.Clatteringtrainsandpeddlers’yells.

D.Movingcrowdsandstreettraffic.

问题3选项

A.Compassionate.

B.Responsible.

C.Shy.

D.Determined.

问题4选项

A.Themiseryofthefactoryworkers.

B.Howtosurviveinaharshenvironment.

C.Generationgapbetweenthefatherandtheson.

D.Lovebetweenthefatherandtheson.

问题5选项

A.Indifferent.

B.Sympathetic.

C.Appreciative.

D.Sneering

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.词义推测题。A选项表示“出发，启程”；B选项表示“释放，发布”；C选项表示“派遣，发送”；D选项“移开，排除”。根据划线词所在的那句话，句意为“我走在成千上万个从工厂口哨中解放出来的疲惫的男男女女中”。因此，四个选项中B选项release“释放”最贴近题意。

2.推理判断题。题目问下列哪个选项的内容为一组对比。A选项“川流不息的人群与无人问津卖香蕉的父子俩”；B选项‘天气状况和路灯’；C选项‘火车的咔嗒声和小贩的叫卖声’；D选项‘移动的人群和街道交通’；从文章内容中看，只有A选项是本文最强烈的对比，所以A选项正确。另外三组词都渲染了相同的情绪或是相似的情景，因此构不成对比。

3.推理判断题。题目问下列哪一个词不适合来形容儿子的性格特点。根据文章第二段中“Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely;thetearscametomyeyes.我认出了他，一个驼背、冻得僵直的人，穿着一件旧大衣，站在一辆香蕉车旁。他看上去很孤独；泪水涌上了我的眼睛。”可知A选项compassionate“慈悲的，富有同情心的”符合儿子的性格特点；根据文章第十段可知，儿子在吃了爸爸的一根香蕉之后，觉得自己有必要为自己付款，那就应该帮助父亲叫卖，因此可看出儿子的负责任‘Responsible’，B选项正确。根据文章最后三段可知，再叫卖了很久之后仍然没人来买香蕉，但是儿子仍然在叫卖，由此可看出儿子的意志坚定‘Determined’，D选项正确。运用排除法，所以只有C选项不符合他的性格特征。

4.主旨大意题。文章从儿子看见父亲开始，到父子俩的谈话，再到儿子为父亲叫卖香蕉，整篇文章都可看出父子情深，而不是代沟的问题；C选项排除，主人公并非工人，所以A选项排除；文章没有给出在艰难环境中如何生存下去的方法，所以B选项排除；因此D选项正确。

5.观点态度题。文章详细介绍了父子俩卖香蕉的艰难，但儿子坚持不懈地为父亲叫卖，而整篇文章的基调是比较忧郁的，由此可看出作者是满怀同情来写父亲生活的艰难的，因此B选项‘’同情的正确。A项表示“冷漠的”；C项表示“感激的”；D项表示“嘲讽的”均不正确。

3.单选题

Theyoungmanwasatthe_______ofhiscareerwhenhewaskilledinacaraccident.

问题1选项

A.zenith

B.glamour

C.bloom

D.blossom

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。zenith“鼎盛时期”；glamour“魅力”；bloom“开花”；blossom“开花期”。句意：这个年轻人处在事业鼎盛时期，当他死于一场交通事故的时候。选项A符合题意。

4.单选题

Theorganizationissuedacryofalarmlastweek,citing"()evidence"thatthosechildrenarenotreceivingthesamequalityofeducationastheirricherpeers.

问题1选项

A.comparing

B.completing

C.compelling

D.composing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。comparing“比较的”；completing“完成”；compelling“引人注目的；令人信服的”；composing“起镇静作用的”。句意：该组织上周发出警告，称有“有力的证据”表明，这些孩子接受的教育质量不如他们富裕的同龄人。因此C选项符合题意。

5.单选题

Ihavesaidthatallbranchesofknowledgeareconnectedtogether,becausethesubject-matterofknowledgeisintimatelyunitedinitself[...].HenceitisthattheSciences,intowhichourknowledgemaybesaidtobecast,havemultiplebearingsononeanother,andaninternalsympathy,andadmit,orratherdemand,comparisonandadjustment.Theycomplete,correct,andbalanceeachother.Thisconsideration,ifwell-founded,mustbetakenintoaccount,notonlyasregardstheattainmentoftruth,whichistheircommonend,butasregardstheinfluencewhichtheyexerciseuponthosewhoseeducationconsistsinthestudyofthem.Ihavealreadysaidthattogiveundueprominencetooneistobeunjusttoanother;toneglectorsupersedetheseistodivertthosefromtheirproperobjects.Itistounsettletheboundarylinesbetweenscienceandscience,todisturbtheiraction,todestroytheharmonywhichbindsthemtogether.Suchaproceedingwillhavecorrespondingeffectwhenintroducedintoaplaceofeducation.Thereisnosciencebuttellsadifferenttale,whenviewedasaportionofawhole,fromwhatitislikelytosuggestwhentakenbyitself,withoutthesafeguard,asImaycallit,ofothers.

Letmemakeuseofanillustration.Inthecombinationofcolors,verydifferenteffectareproducedbyadifferenceintheirselectionandjuxtaposition;red,green,andwhitechangetheirshades,accordingtothecontrasttowhichtheyaresubmitted.And,inlikemanner,thedriftandmeaningofabranchofknowledgevarieswiththecompanyinwhichitisintroducedtothestudent.Ifhisreadingisconfinedsimplytoonesubject,howeversuchdivisionoflabormayfavortheadvancementofaparticularpursuit,apointintowhichIdonothereenter,certainlyithasatendencytocontracthismind.Ifitisincorporatedwithothers,itdependsonthoseothersastothekindofinfluencethatitexertsuponhim.ThustheClassics,whichinEnglisharethemeansofrefiningthetaste,haveinFrancesub-servedthespreadofrevolutionaryanddeisticaldoctrines.[...]Inalikemanner,Isuppose,ArcesilaswouldnothavehandledlogicasAristotle,norAristotlehavecriticizedpoetsasPlato;yetreasoningandpoetryaresubjecttoscientificroles.

ItisagreatpointthentoenlargetherangeofstudieswhichaUniversityprofesses,evenforthesakeofthestudents;and,thoughtheycannotpursueeverysubjectwhichisopentothem,theywillbethegainersbylivingamongthoseandunderthosewhorepresentthewholecircle.ThisIconceivetobetheadvantageofaseatofuniversallearning,consideredasaplaceofeducation.Anassemblageoflearnedmen,zealousfortheirownsciences,andrivalsofeachother,arebrought,byfamiliarintercourseandforthesakeofintellectualpeace,toadjusttogethertheclaimsandrelationsoftheirrespectivesubjectsofinvestigation.Theylearntorespect,toconsultandtoaideachother.Thusiscreatedapureandclearatmosphereofthought,whichthestudentalsobreathes,thoughinhisowncaseheonlypursuesafewsciencesoutofthemultitude.Heprofitsbyanintellectualtradition,whichisindependentofparticularteachers,whichguideshiminhischoiceofsubjects,anddulyinterpretsforhimthosewhichhechooses.

Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.Henceitisthathiseducationiscalled“Liberal”.Ahabitofmindisformedwhichlaststhroughlife,ofwhichtheattributesare,freedom,equitableness,calmness,moderation,andwisdom;orwhatinaformerdiscourseIhaveventuredtocallaphilosophicalhabit.ThisthenIwouldassignasthespecialfruitoftheeducationfurnishedataUniversity,ascontrastedwithotherplacesofteachingormodesofteaching.ThisisthemainpurposeofaUniversityinitstreatmentofitsstudents.

1.Themainideaofthefirstparagraphisthat（）.

2.BytheSciences(line2),theauthormeans（）.

3.Theword“exercise”inline7mostnearlymeans（）.

4.Byusingthewordsafeguardinline13,theauthorsuggeststhat（）.

5.Thepurposeofthesecondparagraphisto（）.

6.Thewordapprehendsasusedinlines39means（）.

7.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheauthor’sideaofaliberaleducation?

8.Theauthorbelievesthatauniversityshould（）.

Ⅰ.havefacultyrepresentingawiderangeofsubjectsandphilosophies

Ⅱ.teachstudentshowtoseetherelationshipsamongideas

Ⅲ.teachstudentstounderstandandrespectotherpointsofview

Ⅳ.teachstudentsliberalratherthanconservativeideals

问题1选项

A.eachscienceshouldbestudiedindependently

B.thesciencesareinterrelated

C.theboundarylinesbetweeneachofthesciencesshouldbeclearer

D.itisdifficulttoattainaproperbalanceamongthesciences

问题2选项

A.thephysicalsciencesonly

B.educationalmethodologies

C.thephysicalandsocialsciences

D.allbranchesofknowledge,includingthephysicalandsocialsciencesandthehumanities

问题3选项

A.remove

B.compete

C.impose

D.arrange

问题4选项

A.eachsciencehasitsownspecificsafetyguidelines

B.itisnotsafetostudythesciences

C.themoreoneknows,thesaferonewillfeel

D.oneshouldchooseasecondareaofspecializationasabackupincasethefirstdoesnotworkout

问题5选项

A.compareandcontrastdifferentbranchesofknowledge

B.developtheideapresentedinthepreviousparagraph

C.statethemainideaofthepassage

D.presentanalternativepointofview

问题6选项

A.understands

B.captures

C.fears

D.believes

问题7选项

A.In-depthspecializationinonearea.

B.Anemphasisontheartsratherthanthesciences.

C.Abroadscopeofknowledgeinseveraldisciplines.

D.Trainingforascientificcareer.

问题8选项

A.IandIIonly

B.I,II,andIII

C.IandIV

D.IVonly

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

第6题:A

第7题:A

第8题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。根据文章第一段，“Ihavesaidthatallbranchesofknowledgeareconnectedtogether,becausethesubject-matterofknowledgeisintimatelyunitedinitself”，作者认为所有的知识分支都是相互联系的，因为知识的主题本身是紧密相连的。此句为第一段的中心句，可判断出第一段的中心思想为科学知识之间是相互联系的。选项B符合题意。

2.判断推理题。根据文章第一段，“HenceitisthattheSciences,intowhichourknowledgemaybesaidtobecast,havemultiplebearingsononeanother,andaninternalsympathy,andadmit,orratherdemand,comparisonandadjustment.”，我们的知识所涉及的各种科学，彼此之间有多重关系，有一种内在承认，要求，比较和调整关系。可判断出这里的sciences指各种科学知识分支，包括自然科学、人文科学和社会科学。选项D符合题意。

3.词义题。根据章第一段，“…theinfluencewhichtheyexerciseuponthosewhoseeducationconsistsinthestudyofthem.”，which引导的定语从句修饰先行词influence，构成搭配关系exerciseupontheinfluence“对……造成影响”。Remove“移除”；compete“竞争”；impose“强加”；arrange“安排”。选项C符合题意。

4.词义题。根据第一段最后一句，“Thereisnosciencebuttellsadifferenttale,whenviewedasaportionofawhole,fromwhatitislikelytosuggestwhentakenbyitself,withoutthesafeguard,asImaycallit,ofothers.”，当把每种科学看成整体的一部分时，在其他学科并未采取保护措施的情况下，每一门科学都是不同的。可判断出作者提到的safeguard意思是每种科学都有自己特定的保护措施。选项A符合题意。

5.判断推理题。根据文章第二段第一句，“Letmemakeuseofanillustration.”，可知第二段的目的是进行相关的例证，下文主要用大量的例子来证明了第一段的观点——科学的知识分支是相互联系的，但是各科学之间有各自的保护措施，使其内容存在差别。可判断出第二段的目的在于发展和继续探讨第一段提出的观点。选项B符合题意。

6.词义题。根据文章最后一段，“Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.”，apprehends后接的内容为知识的原则、范围、亮点、重点等，能与知识的这些方面构成一致意思的为apprehends“理解”。Understands“理解”；captures“捕捉”；fears“恐惧”；believes“相信”。相信A符合题意。

7.判断推理题。根据文章最后一段第一二句，“Heapprehendsthegreatoutlinesofknowledge,theprinciplesonwhichitrests,thescaleofitsparts,itslightsanditsshades,itsgreatpointsanditslittle,asheotherwisecannotapprehendthem.Henceitisthathiseducationiscalled‘Liberal’.”，他的教育被称为“Liberal”，要理解知识的概要、基础原则、范围、亮点与不足、重点与次重点，否则就不能真正理解知识。可判断出他所谓的“liberaleducation”必须要对知识有深入的了解，也就是某一领域的专业理解。选项A符合题意。

8.细节事实题。根据文章第三段，“ItisagreatpointthentoenlargetherangeofstudieswhichaUniversityprofesses,evenforthesakeofthestudents;and,thoughtheycannotpursueeverysubjectwhichisopentothem,theywillbethegainersbylivingamongthoseandunderthosewhorepresentthewholecircle.”，至于大学教育，要扩大学生学习和研究的范围，尽管学生们不能追求所有开放的主题，但是却能受到代表某个知识专业领域的人的影响，并且受益。可判断出作者认为大学应该拥有代表广泛学科和哲学领域的教职工。根据下文，“….toadjusttogethertheclaimsandrelationsoftheirrespectivesubjectsofinvestigation.Theylearntorespect,toconsultandtoaideachother.”，学生们能够调整他们各自的研究学科之间的关系，并且他们要学会尊重、协商和互相帮助。可判断出作者认为大学应该教学生们去正确看待各种思想之间的关系并且尊重其他人的观点和看法。所以I,II和III都是作者认为一所大学应该具备的要求。选项B符合题意。

6.单选题

About50yearsagotheideaofdisabledpeopledoingsportswasneverheardof.ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.

Inthefirstgamesjusttwoteamsofinjuredsoldierstookpart.Thenextyear,1949,fiveteamstookpart.Fromthosebeginningsthingsdevelopedfast.TeamsnowcomefromabroadtoStrokeMandevilleeveryyear.In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.Now,everyfouryears,theOlympicGamesfortheDisabledareheld,ifpossible,inthesameplaceasthenormalOlympicGames,althoughtheyareorganizedseparately.InotheryearsGamesfortheDisabledarestillheldatStrokeMandeville.Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.Unfortunately,theywereheldatStrokeMandevilleandnotinLosAngles,alongwiththeotherOlympics.

TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports.Onesmallsourceofdisappointmentforthosewhoorganizeandtakepartinthegames,however,hasbeentheunwillingnessoftheInternationalOlympicCommitteetoincludethedisabledeventsattheOlympicGamesfortheable-bodied.Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.

1.Thefirstgamesforthedisabledwereheld（

）afterSirLudwigGuttmannarrivedinEngland.

2.BesidesStrokeMandeville,surelythegameforthedisabledwasonceheldin（

）.

3.InParagraph2theword"athlete"means

（

）.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

5.Fromthepassagewemayconcludethatwriteris（

）.

问题1选项

A.50years

B.21years

C.9years

D.4years

问题2选项

A.NewYork

B.London

C.Rome

D.LosAngeles

问题3选项

A.peoplewhosupportthegame

B.Peoplewhowatchthegame

C.peoplewhoorganizedthegame

D.peoplewhocompeteinthegame

问题4选项

A.SirLudwigGuttmannisanearlyorganizerofthegamesforthedisabled.

B.SirLudwigGuttmannisaninjuredsoldier.

C.SirLudwigGuttmannisfromGermany.

D.SirLudwigGuttmanniswelcomedbytheBritish.

问题5选项

A.oneoftheorganizersofthegamesforthedisabled

B.adisabledwhooncetookpartinthegames

C.againstholdingthegamesforthedisabled

D.inthefavorofholdingthegameforthedisabled

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的ButwhentheannualgamesforthedisabledwerestartedatStrokeMandeville,Englandin1948bySirLudwigGuttmann,thesituationbegantochange.SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany可知第一次举办残疾人运动会是在1948年，SirLudwigGuttmann是在1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国，因此选C。

2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的In1960thefirstOlympicsfortheDisabledwereheldinRome.（1960年，第一届残疾人奥运会在罗马举行）可知选C。

3.词义题。由文章第二段中的Inthe1984wheelchairOlympicGames,1604wheelchairathletesfromabout40countriestookpart.（在1984年轮椅奥运会上，来自大约40个国家的1604名轮椅……参加了比赛）可知“athlete”是指参加比赛的人，A选项“支持者”，B选项“观看者”，C选项“组织者”，D选项“竞争者”，因此选D。

4.细节事实题。由文章第一段中的SirLudwigGuttmann,whohadbeendriventoEnglandin1939fromNaziGermany,hadbeenaskedbytheBritishgovernmenttosetupaninjuriescenteratStrokeMandevilleHospitalnearLondon.Hisideasabouttreatinginjuriesincludedsportsforthedisabled.（1939年从纳粹德国被驱赶到英国的SirLudwigGuttmann，被英国政府要求在伦敦附近的MandevilleHospital设立一个受伤中心。他对治疗受伤的想法包括残疾人运动）可知A、C、D选项正确，B选项“SirLudwigGuttmann是一名受伤的士兵”并没有在文中提及，因此选B。

5.观点态度题。由文章最后一段中的TheGameshavebeenagreatsuccessinpromotinginternationalfriendshipandunderstanding,andinprovingthatbeingdisableddoesnotmeanyoucan'tenjoysports...Perhapsafewmoreyearsarestillneededtoconvincethosefortunateenoughnottobedisabledthattheirdisabledfellowathletesshouldnotbeexcluded.（奥运会在增进国际友谊和理解方面取得了巨大的成功，也证明了残疾并不意味着你不能享受体育运动……也许还需要再过几年，才能说服那些幸运到没有残疾的人，他们的残疾运动员不应该被排除在奥运会外）可知作者是支持残疾人运动会的，因此D选项“支持为残疾人举办比赛”符合题意。

7.单选题

Thatbecamesomewhatmoregentleascarebecamemoresophisticated.Weenteredwhatmightbecalledthe（

）Period,wherethephysicianwaslikeafatherwhoknewwhatwasbestforhispatient.

问题1选项

A.Parental

B.Maternal

C.Fraternal

D.Paternal

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项Parental“父母的”；B选项Maternal“母亲的”；C选项Fraternal“兄弟的”；D选项Paternal“父亲的”句意：随着护理工作变得越来越复杂，这种感觉也变得温和了一些。我们进入了所谓的“……期”，医生就像一位父亲，知道什么对他的病人是最好的。根据后面句意可知D选项符合题意。

8.单选题

Afterhewas___fromthearmy,hehadintendedtoreturntotheworldofteaching.

问题1选项

A.discharged

B.enrolled

C.awarded

D.promoted

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.discharged准许（某人）离开；释放B.enrolled登记；使加入

C.awarded授予；判定D.promoted促进；宣传；促销

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】空格前用after连接表示从军队……之后。后半句意思为他曾想回到教学界。根据句子逻辑，应该是在离开军队后，想要回到教书世界。用discharge的被动形式，表示被允许从军队离开。因此选A.discharged准许（某人）离开；释放。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】退伍后，他曾打算回到教学界。

9.单选题

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

问题1选项

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.whoishe他是谁B.whoitis它是谁

C.whoheis他是谁D.whoisit它是谁

【考查点】宾语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，跟在动词go和see的后面，根据前一句“有人在按门铃”可知，宾语从句引导要用who，从句要用陈述语气，who指的是someone，所以要用代词he，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A、D项不是陈述语气；

B项it不指人。

【句意】有人在按门铃。去看看他是谁。

10.单选题

Insomeculturestheessenceofmagicisitstraditionalintegrity;itcanbeefficientonlyifithasbeen（）withoutlossfromprimevaltimestothepresentpractitioner.

问题1选项

A.conventionalized

B.manipulated

C.transmitted

D.aggrandized

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项conventionalized“使习俗化；使样式化”；B选项manipulated“操作”；C选项transmitted“传输；传送”；D选项aggrandize“增加；夸大；强化”。句意：在一些文化中，魔术的精华是它传统的完整性；只有当它从古代到今天都完整地传递下来时它才有效果。因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

IwassosicklastnightthatIfeltasiftheroom___round.

问题1选项

A.wouldgo

B.hadgone

C.weregoing

D.shouldgo

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。句意：昨晚我病得很厉害，觉得房间里好像在转。根据句意可知是“我”病得很厉害的这段时间觉得房间在转，要用表示过去的时态，排除A选项和D选项；B选项是过去完成时，表示发生主语谓语动词之前，一直延续到主句谓语动词发生停止，则为先觉得房间在转，再病得厉害，逻辑不正确；C选项时态和语态符合原题。因此C选项正确。

12.翻译题

很多人认为没有兄弟姐妹的孩子很幸运，因为他们可以得到物质享受和别人的注意。但是想一想独生子女没有隐私父母总是感觉自己有权知道发生在他或她生活中的一切。身为独生子女的第二个缺点是缺少某些优势，而这恰恰是有兄弟姐妹的孩子所拥有的。独生子女无法因为事情出错而责备兄弟姐妹，或是索要哥哥姐姐以前曾被给予的特权。此外，独生子女也失去了兄弟姐妹的陪伴。结果就是孤独，以及在日后的生活中交朋友也会遇到麻烦，因为他们从未学过与兄弟或姐妹相处。

【答案】Manypeoplebelievethatchildrenwithoutsiblingsareverylucky,becausetheyhaveaccesstohighermaterialcomfortandmoreattentions.However,singlechildren,generallyspeaking,arenotentitledtoprivacyrightbecauseparentsalwaysthinktheymustlearnaboutwhattheirchildrenhavemetanddone.Beingsinglechildren,theywillbelackofsomeadvantagesthatthosehavingsiblingspossess,suchasblamingsiblingsforhavingdonewrongandclaimingsomeprivilegeswhichelderbrothersorsistershaveaswellasbeingaccompaniedbythem.Asaresult,fortheyfeellonelyandhavenoexperiencesgettingalongwithsiblings,singlechildrenwillencounterdifficultyinmakingfriendsinthefuture.

13.单选题

Censorship,awordthatseemstobe（）quitecontroversyovercertainpeople,maynotbesuchabadidea.

问题1选项

A.arguing

B.attacking

C.causing

D.discussing

【答案】C

【解析】动词词义辨析。根据句意可知这里指引发争议，选项C符合句意。

14.单选题

Militaryordersare（）andcannotbedisobeyed.

问题1选项

A.detective

B.conservative

C.alternative

D.imperative

【答案】D

【解析】detective侦探的；conservative保守的；alternative可选择的；imperative命令的，势在必行的。根据句意可知，这里指军事命令是必须执行的，不得不遵守。选项D符合语境。

15.单选题

Themanagerissomuchundertheinfluenceofhissecretarythatsheisthe（

）headofthedepartment.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.virtual

C.probable

D.natural

【答案】B

【解析】句意:老板受到了他秘书的极大影响以至于她是实质上的老板了。

形容词辨析。Potential有潜力的;virtual实质上的;probable可能的;natural自然的。因此B符合句意。

16.单选题

Jazztendstobeacasualdialogueformofdancequite（）inthereceptiveandmechanicalformsofthewaltz.

问题1选项

A.lacked

B.lacking

C.forlackof

D.lackof

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法知识。空格处词语用来修饰前面的dance，所以是形容词性。lack与dance之间是主动关系，因此应使用动词的现在分词形式来修饰。因此B选项符合题意。

17.单选题

TheBritisharistocracyhadalwaysbeeninvolvedinindustrialization,especiallyinthedevelopmentofmining,canals,andrailways.Itnowshrewdlyassociateditselfwiththenewwaveofcommercialexpansion:mostbanksandinsurancecompanieshadalordtoaddtonetothemanagerialboard.Italsoshoredupitsfortunesbyastutemarriages,notablywiththenewaristocracyofwealthintheUnitedStates;thebest-knownexamplewasthemarriageofthedukeofMarlboroughtoConsueloVanderbilt.Bythesemeans,manyofthegreataristocraticestateswerepreserveddespiteagriculturaldecline.Buttheywereplaythingsaswellasenginesofwealth,andcametobetreatedassuch.Thearistocracycametobeknowntotheurbanpopulationchieflythroughtheirrepresentationinthepopularpressandmagazinesasmenandwomenofleisure:racing,hunting,shooting,andfishinginthecountry,gamblingandattendingtheseasoninLondon.Inapopulationforwhichleisurewasbecomingincreasinglyimportant,thisdidnotmakethearistocracyunpopular.

1.Inthesecondsentenceofthispassage,"hadalordtoaddtonetothemanagerialboard"meansthat______.

2.The“astutemarriages”inthepassagereferstomarriagesbetween______.

3.Judgingfromthecontentofthepassage,ConsueloVanderbiltwas______.

4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

问题1选项

A.thebanksandinsurancecompanieswouldhirealordontheboardtogiveadvicetotheirmanagement

B.havinglordsinvolvedinthemanagementgavethebanksorcompaniesaverygoodpublicimage

C.lordsworkedforthebanksandinsurancecompaniestobringinmoreprofits

D.ithadbecomeafashiontohavealordonthemanagerialboardofabankoracompany

问题2选项

A.BritisharistocracyandrichAmericanentrepreneurs

B.oldBritisharistocraticfamiliesandnewlyknightedaristocracyofwealth

C.aristocraticfamiliesandnewbusinessfamiliesofmoneyandenterprises

D.biglandlordfamiliesintheBritishcountrysideandrichAmericantycoonsofindustry

问题3选项

A.Male,andfromarichbusinessfamilyintheUnitedSates

B.Female,andfromaBritishwealthyfamilyofindustry

C.Male,andfromarichindustrialfamilyofBritain

D.Female,andfromanentrepreneurfamilyinAmerica

问题4选项

A.The19th-centuryBritisharistocratsweretreatedasdecorationsinpubliclifeandwereusedtomakemoneybypress.

B.The19th-centuryBritisharistocratsweretoysoftherichcapitalistsandweremadetoearnprofitsforthem.

C.The19th-centuryBritisharistocratsactedasplaymatesofpeopleinpleasure-seekingsuchashunting,fishing,andshooting.

D.The19th-centuryBritisharistocratswerepopularfiguresinadvertisementsbecausetheylivedaleisurelylife.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】1.语义题。题干：在这段话的第二句中，“hadalordtoaddtonetothemanagementboard”的意思是_______。通过全文可知贵族“…theywereplaythingsaswellasenginesofwealth…”，让他们进入商界只是为了良好的公众形象。因此B选项符合题意。

2.细节题。题干：中所说的“精明的婚姻”是指_____。文中提到，贵族涉足商业的一种方式是银行和大企业管理层中有贵族任职，还有一种方式就是通过在美国和财富新贵结婚维持自己的财富。因此C选项符合题意。

3.细节推理题。题干：从这篇文章的内容判断，ConsueloVanderbilt是_______。根据关键词定位到第三句的实例，例证贵族也会通过精明的婚姻来维持财富，结婚对象是Duke“公爵”。因此D选项符合题意。

4.判断推理题。题干：下列哪种说法是对的？文中说到，贵族是受人摆布的人，又是创造财富的工具，与A选项符合。

18.单选题

WhentheItalianpoetDantewas（）fromhishomeinFlorence,hedecidedtowalkfromItalytosearchfortherealmeaningoflife.

问题1选项

A.exiled

B.expired

C.exempted

D.exerted

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项exile“放逐，流放；使背井离乡”；B选项expire“期满；终止；死亡；呼气”；C选项exempt“免除，豁免”；D选项exert“运用，发挥；施以影响”。句意：当意大利诗人但丁被逐出他在佛罗伦萨的家时，他决定从意大利步行去寻找生命的真正意义。固定搭配“exilefrom使流亡；把……从……流放出去”，因此A选项正确。

19.单选题

Fourweeksafterthesuicidebombing,thepolicewerestillhuntingforbombersfortheybelievemorewere（）.

问题1选项

A.ontheverge

B.onthespot

C.ontheloose

D.onthesly

【答案】D

【解析】介词短语辨析。ontheverge“濒临,在…的边缘”;onthespot“当场,在危险中”;ontheloose“散漫,放荡”;onthesly“偷偷地,秘密地”。句意:自杀式爆炸事件发生四周后,警方仍在搜捕爆炸犯罪分子,因为他们相信还有更多的爆炸分子躲在暗处。选项D符合句意。

20.单选题

Leaveapieceoffreshfishlyingaroundforafewdaysinthewarmthofsummerandtrytoforgetaboutit.Youcan't!Withinadayorsoitstartstodecayandgivesofftheindescribablesmellonlyrottenfishcangiveoff.Pickpearsfromatreeandforgettoeatth