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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-北京培黎职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.翻译题

改革开放以来,中国找到了一条适合自己国情的促进和发展人权的道路。中国是一个历史悠久、人口众多、资源和财富相对短缺的东方发展中国家。在这样一个国家促进人权,既不能照搬西方发达国家的人权发展模式,也不能因袭其他发展中国家的做法,只能从中国的国情出发,探索具有自身特点的发展道路。改革开放以后,中国在总结历史经验和教训的基础上,找到了一条真正符合中国国情的促进人权发展的道路。这就是:将生存权和发展权放在首位,在改革、发展、稳定的条件下,全面推进人权。这条道路的特点是:在发展人权的基本方向上,坚持发展生产力和共同富裕的原则,立足于改善全国人民的生活和促进全国人民人权的发展。在促进人权的轻重缓急上,强调生存权、发展权的首要地位,同时兼顾公民的政治、经济、社会、文化权利和个人、集体权利的全面发展;在促进和保障人权的方式上,强调稳定是前提,发展是关键,改革是动力,法制是保障。20多年来,由于中国坚持了这条正确的发展道路,不仅使全国人民的生活状况和精神风貌大为改观,而且形成了一整套比较完备的保障人民民主权利的政治制度和法律体系,从而使人权建设在制度化、法律化的轨道上取得了长足的进展,人权状况呈现出不断改善的良好态势。

Directions:TranslatethefollowingparagraphfromChineseintoEnglish.PleasewriteyouranswerontheANSWERSHEET.

【答案】Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahasfoundaroadforthepromotionanddevelopmentofhumanrightsthatsuitsitsreality.ChinaisanOrientaldevelopingcountrywithalonghistory,alargepopulationandrelativelyscarceresourcesandwealth.Topromotehumanrightsinsuchacountry,ChinamustneitherimitateindiscriminatelyWesterncountries’developmentmodeofhumanrightsnorfollowotherdevelopingcountries’methodsbutstartfromChina’sactualconditionsandexplorearoadwithitsowncharacteristics.Sincetheimplementationofreformandopening-uppolicy,Chinahas,onthebasisofsumminguphistoricalexperiencesanddrawinglessonsfromthem,foundawaytobuildsocialismwithChinesecharacteristics,andthereforehasfoundawaytopromoteanddevelophumanrightsthatisagreeabletoChina’sreality.Thismeansputtingtherighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentinthefirstplaceandpushingforwardhumanrightsinanall¬roundwayundertheconditionsofreform,developmentandstability.Thefeaturesofthisroadaretoadheretotheprincipleofdevelopingproductiveforcesandpromotingcommonprosperity,basedonimprovingthelifeofpeoplealloverChinaandpromotingthedevelopmentofhumanrightsofalltheChinesepeopleintermsofthebasicorientationofdevelopinghumanrights.Asfortheorderofimportanceandurgencyofdevelopinghumanrights,therighttosubsistenceanddevelopmentshouldbeputinthefirstplaceandinthemeantime,considerationshouldbegiventodevelopinginanall-roundwaycitizens’political,economic,socialandculturalrightsaswellasindividualandcollectiverights.Asforthewayofpromotingandguaranteeinghumanrights,itshouldbeemphasizedthatstabilityistheprerequisite;developmentisthecrux;reformisthedrivingforce;andgovernmentaccordingtolawistheguarantee.Overthepasttwodecades,China’sadherencetothiscorrectroadtodevelopmenthasledtonotonlytheimprovementofChinesepeople’slivingconditionsandtheirmoralebutalsotheformationofawholesetofrelativelycompletepoliticalandlegalsystemsensuringpeople’sdemocraticrights.Thus,greatprogresshasbeenmadeinputtinghumanrightsintoalegalandinstitutionalframework,andChina’shumanrightsdevelopmenthasbeenimprovingincessantly.

2.单选题

Themayor(

)hisspeechtosuitthecrowdofhomelesspeoplegatheredinhisoffice.

问题1选项

A.intoned

B.expanded

C.tailored

D.shortened

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析题。intone“吟诵,吟咏”;expand“扩大,扩展”;tailor“剪裁;使合适”;shorten“缩短,变短”。根据句意‘为了迎合聚集于自己办公室的无家可归的人,市长(

)自己的演说。’确定C选项正确。

3.单选题

Whenthejurybroughtina()ofguilt,thedefendantwhowasoverwhelminglyarrogantseveralminutesagodroopedhishead.

问题1选项

A.judgment

B.appraisal

C.verdict

D.conviction

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。A:judgment“判断”;B:appraisal“评价”;C:verdict“结论,裁定”;D:conviction“顶嘴,证明有罪”。句意:陪审团拿着判罪裁决书进来时,几分钟之前还相当自大的被告低下了他的头。结合句意,选C。

4.单选题

BillieHoliday’sreputationasagreatjazz-bluessingerrestsonherability(

)emotionaldepthtohersongs.

问题1选项

A.begiving

B.aregiven

C.togive

D.beinggiven

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定用法。haveabilitytodosth有能力做某事。句意:比利霍乐迪,作为一位伟大的爵士布鲁斯歌手,她的盛名在于能将感情融入到歌曲中。故C项正确。

5.单选题

Speakersandlistenersareoftenatodds:languagethatiseasyforthereceivertounderstandisoftendifficulttoproduce,andthatwhichiseasilyformulatedcanbehardto().

问题1选项

A.comprehend

B.ignore

C.confirm

D.defend

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。comprehend理解,包含;ignore忽视,不理睬confirm确认,确定;defend辩护。由前半句可知说话者与接受者之间存在矛盾,故后面可推知这两者之间还存在另一种矛盾,即容易表达的话却难以理解。故A项正确。句意:说话者和倾听者常常意见不一致:容易让接受者理解的语言往往很难产生,而容易表达的语言却很难理解。

6.单选题

I.(LegalHistory)

Theelementsofverticalpluralismweresupplementedwithstructuresofhorizontalpluralismthroughtheiradherencetotheideaofaiuscommune(普通法).TheLombardlibrifeudorum(atwelfthcenturycollection,originatinginLombardy,offeudalcustoms,whichgainedwideacceptanceasastatementofthevariousrulesgoverningtherelationoflordandvassal.),themainsourceoffeudallaw,hadearlyonbecomeapartoftheCorpusiuriscivilis(民法);andwhileCanonlawmaximswereappliedalsointhecontextoftheRomaniuscommune,CanonlawincludedsubstantialelementsofRomanlaw.Here,thegeneralprinciplewas:ecclesiavivitlegRomana(教会的罗马法).Similarly,thelexmercatoria(商人法)wasnotafullyindependentbodyoftransnationalcommerciallaw,butratherconsistedofmany,mostlylocal,normsthatmodifiedRomanlawinmattersofcommercialpractice.Normally,thedecisionsofthemerchants’courtswerebasedontheiuscommune,whichwasindeedregardedasthe“materlegismercatoriae”(商人法之母).TheRomanruleswereonlymodifiedinaccordancewiththeneedsofcommerceonthebasis,forexample,oftheideaofanaequitasmercatoria(商人的正义).Altogether,thiswasacomplexsystemwithrulesbothconflictingwithandcomplementingeachother.Forinstance,therelationshipbetweenCanonlawandtheseculariuscivile(世俗民法)wasneverwithouttensions.Indeed,theideaofaiuscoinmunewasinitselfapluralone:theiuscommunewasbasedonarangeofdifferentlegalsourcesanditintegratedtwoindependentlegalsystems,namelythemundaneRomanlawontheonehandandtheCanonlawoftheRomanChurchontheotherhand.Foramedievaljurist,theDecretumGratiani(acollectionofCanonlawcompiledandwritteninthe12thcenturyasalegaltextbookbythejuristknownasGratian)andlatercollectionsofPapallegislationwereasimportantsourcesoftheiuscommuneastheromanCorpusiuriscivilis.Inaddition,thesetextswerecomplementedwiththeEmperor’slegislation(atleastwithintheconfinesoftheOldEmpire),withtheauthoritativeGlosses(commentaries)tothecorporaiurisRomani(罗马法)andCanonici(asitwaslatercalled),andlateralsowiththeprinciplesofNaturalLaw.

51.TheLombardlibrifeudorumis___.

52.Accordingtotheauthor,thelexmercatoria___.

53.Whichofthefollowingstatementisclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedsentence?

54.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedastheimportantsourceoftheiuscommuneintheparagraph?

问题1选项

A.acompilationoffeudalcustoms

B.thenameofaLordinthe12thcentury

C.thelaworiginatinginLombardy

D.a12thcenturycollection

问题2选项

A.wasasetoftransnationalcommerciallaw

B.wasfullyindependentofRomeLaw

C.werelocalnormsthatmodifiedRomanlawinmattersofcommercialpractice

D.modifiedRomanlaw

问题3选项

A.Differentlegalsourcesformediuscommune.

B.IuscommuneintegratedCanonlawandRomeLaw.

C.IuscommuneisawordinpluralforminLatinlanguage.

D.MundaneRomanlawandtheCanonlawoftheRomanChurcharetwoindependentsystems.

问题4选项

A.PrinciplesofNaturalLaw

B.RomanCorpusiuriscivilis

C.TheauthoritativeGlossestothecorporaiurisRomani

D.Lexmercatoria

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:B

第4题:D

【解析】51.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据原文TheLombardlibrifeudorum(atwelfthcenturycollection,originatinginLombardy,offeudalcustoms,whichgainedwideacceptanceasastatementofthevariousrulesgoverningtherelationoflordandvassal.)(伦巴第librifeudorum(起源于伦巴第的一本十二世纪的封建习俗的藏书,作为统治领主和附庸关系的各种规则的陈述而被广泛接受。))可知选D选项“12世纪的收藏”;A选项“封建风俗的汇编”,B选项“12世纪一位勋爵的名字”以及C选项“法律起源于伦巴第”和原文不符合。因此D选项正确。

52.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据原文Similarly,thelexmercatoria(商人法)wasnotafullyindependentbodyoftransnationalcommerciallaw,butratherconsistedofmany,mostlylocal,normsthatmodifiedRomanlawinmattersofcommercialpractice.(同样,商人法并不是一个完全独立的跨国商业法律,而是由许多主要是当地的规范修改后的罗马法在重要的商业实践)可知选C选项“是修改罗马法商业实践事项的地方规范”;A选项“是一套跨国商法”,B选项“完全独立于罗马法”以及D选项“修正的罗马法”不符合原文,因此C选项正确。

53.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文划线句子Indeed,theideaofaiuscoinmunewasinitselfapluralone:theiuscommunewasbasedonarangeofdifferentlegalsourcesanditintegratedtwoindependentlegalsystems,namelythemundaneRomanlawontheonehandandtheCanonlawoftheRomanChurchontheotherhand.(事实上,普通法的概念本身就是一个复数概念:普通法基于一系列不同的法律渊源,它整合了两个独立的法律体系,一方面是世俗的罗马法,另一方面是罗马教会的教规法),表达了普通法结合了罗马法和教规法,选B选项“普通法综合了教会法和罗马法”;A选项“不同的法律来源形成了普通法”并不是最佳选项;C选项“Iuscommune在拉丁语中是复数形式的单词”以及D选项“世俗罗马法和罗马教会的教会法是两个独立的体系”不符合原文表达的含义。因此B选项正确。

54.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文末尾asimportantsourcesoftheiuscommuneastheromanCorpusiuriscivilis.Inaddition,thesetextswerecomplementedwiththeEmperor’slegislation(atleastwithintheconfinesoftheOldEmpire),withtheauthoritativeGlosses(commentaries)tothecorporaiurisRomani(罗马法)andCanonici(asitwaslatercalled),andlateralsowiththeprinciplesofNaturalLaw.(与罗马《公民法典》一样,都是普通法的重要来源。此外,这些文本还补充了皇帝的立法(至少在旧帝国的范围内),并对罗马法和后来被称为Canonici进行了权威性的注释,后来修订了自然法的原则)可知A选项“自然法原则”,B选项“罗马《公民法典》”以及C选项“权威的罗马法”在文章都有提及,D选项“商人法”不在此范围内。因此D选项符合题意。

7.单选题

Thattradeprotectionhurtstheeconomyofthecountrythatimposesitisoneoftheoldestbutstillmoststartlinginsightseconomicshastooffer.Theideadatesbacktotheoriginofeconomicscienceitself.AdamSmith’sTheWealthofNations,whichgavebirthtoeconomics,alreadycontainedtheargumentforfreetrade:byspecializinginproductioninsteadofproducingeverything,eachnationwouldprofitfromfreetrade.Ininternationaleconomicsitisthedirectcounterparttotheideathatpeoplewithinanationaleconomywillbebetteroffiftheyspecializeatwhattheydobestinsteadoftryingtobeself-sufficient

Itisimportanttodistinguishbetweenthecasesforfreetradeforoneselfandthecaseforfreetradeforall.Theformerisanargumentforfreetradetoimproveonenation’sownwelfare(the"national-efficiency”argument).Thelatterisanargumentforfreetradetoimproveeverytradingcountry'swelfare(the"cosmopolitan-efficiency"argument).

Underlyingbothcasesistheassumptionthatfreemarketsdetermineprices,butgovernmentsmaydistortmarketpricesby,forexample,subsidizingproductionorgovernmentsmayprotectintellectualpropertyinadequately,causingunderproductionofnewknowledge.

Thecosmopolitan-efficiencycaseforfreetradeisrelevanttoquestionssuchasthedesignofinternationaltraderegimes.Thenational-efficiencycaseforfreetradeconcernsnationaltradepolicies;itis,infact,AdamSmith'scaseforfreetrade.Economiststypicallyhavethenational-efficiencycaseinmindwhentheytalkoftheadvantageoffreetradeandofthefollyofprotectionism.

ThetradepolicyoftheUnitedStatestodayispremisedonadifferentassessment:thatindeedU.S.marketscan,andshould,beclosedasameansofopeningnewmarketsabroad.Thispremiseunderliessections301through310ofthe1988OmnibusTradeandCompetitivenessAct.Theseprovisionspermit,andsometimesevenrequire,theU.S.governmenttoforceothercountriesintoacceptingnewtradeobligationsbythreateningtariffretaliationiftheydonot.Butthose”tradeobligations"donotalwaysentailfreetrade.Theycan,forinstance,taketheformofvoluntaryquotasonexportsofcertaingoodstotheUnitedStates.Thus,theymaysimplyforceweaknationstoredirecttheirtradeinwaysthatstrongnationsdesire,cuttingawayattheprinciplethattradeshouldbeguidedbymarketprices.Mucheconomicanalysisshowsthatinthepast20yearsU.S."fairtrade"mechanismsturnedincreasinglyintoprotectionistinstrumentsusedunfairlyagainstforeigncompetition.

1.Theauthormentionsthatit’strueofAdamSmiththathearguedthat(

).

2.Thenational-efficiencyandthe“cosmopolitan-efficiency”argumentrestontheassumptionthat(

).

3.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowingaretrueEXCEPTtheargumentthat(

).

4.Theauthorismostcriticalof(

).

5.Thebeststatementtosummarizetheauthor'sargumentwouldbe(

).

问题1选项

A.protectionismininternationaltradewasbad.

B.specializationwasgood,whichledotherstoadvocatefreetrade.

C.dueto“cosmopolitan-efficiency”freetradewasdesirable

D.freetrademustalsobefairtrade.

问题2选项

A.freetradeallowsforselfsufficiency.

B.pricesarethesameineachtradingnation

C.marketproductioniscompletelyunregulatedbythegovernments.

D.pricesaren’tbeingaffectedbygovernments’policies.

问题3选项

A.theU.S.hasnotadheredtotheprincipleoffreetradeinpractice.

B.theU.S.oftenusesthethreatofpunishmentforitsownadvantage.

C.voluntaryquotasaredesirablealternativestoprotectionism.

D."Fairtrade”policiesareoftenjustdisguisedformsofprotectionism.

问题4选项

A.the"nationalefficiency"argument.

B.the"cosmopolitanefficiency"argument.

C.thegovernmentoftheU.S.

D.the1988OmnibusTradeandCompetitivenessAct.

问题5选项

A.freetradeisdesirablebutitstheoryisnotgenerallyaccepted.

B.UStradepolicygoesagainstthewisdomofeconomists.

C.protectionismisfollyforanumberofreasons.

D.theU.S.isbeingunfairinitsforeignpolicies.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节题。第一段指出:...alreadycontainedtheargumentforfreetrade:byspecializinginproductioninsteadofproducingeverything,eachnationwouldprofitfromfreetrade(专营某一类产品而不是所有的产品,每个国家都将会从自由贸易中获利)。

2.细节题。第三段指出:Underlyingbothcasesistheassumptionthatfreemarketsdetermineprices(以上两种是基于自由市场决定价格这一假设)。

3.细节题。文章最后一句话:Mucheconomicanalysisshowsthatinthepast

20yearsU.S."fairtrade"mechanismsturnedincreasinglyintoprotectionistinstrumentsusedunfairlyagainstforeigncompetition(过去20年间,美国所谓的“公平贸易”机制已日益转变为美国实施不公平外贸竞争的保护工具。故可知A项(美国在实践中没有坚持自由贸易原则)、D项(公平贸易政策往往只是伪装成保护主义的形式)符合文章内容,排除。第四段:...theU.S.governmenttoforceothercountriesintoacceptingnewtradeobligationsbythreateningtariffretaliationiftheydonot...美国通过恐吓式的关税报复方式,迫使其他国家接受其新的贸易政策。由此可知,B项(美国经常出于自身利益而使用惩罚威胁)符合文章内容,排除。由此可以推断C正确。

4.推断题。文章指出:美国现行的贸易政策是以不同评估标准为前提,这一前提是依据1988年通过的《贸易和竞争力综合法案》第301条至310条规定。这些规定使得美国可以通过恐吓式的关税报复方式,迫使其他国家接受其新的贸易政策。因此推测D项正确。

5.主旨大意题。B项(美国的贸易政策违背了经济学)比较能概括全文主旨。

8.单选题

Writtenprimarilyforaspecializedbutdiversebodyofscholars,thisbook(

)theattentionofthoseinterestedinseventeenth-centuryEnglishliterature.

问题1选项

A.warrant

B.proposes

C.acclaims

D.distills

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。warrant“保证;担保”;propose“建议,打算”;acclaim“称赞”;distill“提取”。句意:这本书主要是为一群专业且各路学者而写,所以,它一定会引起那些对17世纪文学感兴趣的人的注意。选项A符合题意。

9.单选题

Thescientisthasmadeanotherwonderfuldiscovery,(

)isofgreatimportancetoscience.

问题1选项

A.whichIthink

B.whichIthinkit

C.ofwhichIthink

D.Ithinkwhich

【答案】A

【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。which指代先行词discovery,在从句中作主语,Ithink作插入语时,引导词应放在其前面,因此选A。句意:这位科学家又有了一个了不起的发现,我认为这个发现这对科学很重要。

10.单选题

"Theword‘protection'isnolongertaboo".Thisshortsentence,utteredbyFrenchPresidentNicolasSarkozylatelastmonth,mayhavelaunchedaneweraineconomichistory.Why?Fordecades,Westernleadershavebelievedthatloweringtradebarriersandtariffswasanaturalgood.Doingso,theyreasoned,wouldleadtogreatereconomicefficiencyandproductivity,whichinturnwouldimprovehumanwelfare.Championingfreetradethusbecameamoral,notjustaneconomic,cause.

Theseleaders,ofcourse,weren'tactingoutofunselfishness.Theyknewtheireconomieswerethemostcompetitive,sothey'dprofitmostfromliberalization.AnddevelopingcountriesfearedthattheireconomieswouldbeswampedbysuperiorWesternproductivity.Today,however,thetableshaveturned—thoughfewacknowledgeit.TheWestcontinuestopreachfreetrade,butpracticesitlessandless.Asia,meanwhile,continuestopleadforspecialprotectionbutpracticesmoreandmorefreetrade.

That'swhySarkozy'swordwassoimportant:hefinallyinjectedsomehonestyintothetradedebate.ThetruthisthatlargepartsoftheWestarelosingfaithinfreetrade,thoughfewleadersadmitit.Someeconomistsaremorehonest.PaulKrugmanisoneofthefewwillingtoacknowledgethatprotectionistargumentsarereturning.Intheshortrun,therewillbewinnersandloserswillbeintheWest.EconomistsinthedevelopedworldusedtolovequotingJosephSchumpeter,whosaidthat"creativedestruction"wasanessentialpartofcapitalistgrowth.Buttheyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere.WhenWesternworkersbeganlosingjobs,suddenlytheirleadersbegantolosefaithintheirprinciples.Thingshaveyettoreversecompletely.Butthere'sclearlyanegativetrendinWesterntheoryandpractice.

Alittlehypocrisyisnotinitselfaseriousproblem.TherealproblemisthatWesterngovernmentscontinuetoinsistthattheyretaincontrolofthekeyglobaleconomicandfinancialinstitutionswhiledriftingawayfromgloballiberalization.Lookatwhat'shappeningattheIMF(InternationalMonetaryFund).TheEuropeanshavedemandedthattheykeepthepostofmanagingdirector.Butalltoooften,Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelse'swhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.

ThetimehasthereforecomefortheAsians—whoareclearlythenewwinnersintoday'sglobaleconomy—toprovidemoreintellectualleadershipinsupportingfreetrade.Sadly,theyhaveyettodoso.UnlessAsiansspeakout,however,there'sarealdangerthatAdamSmith'sprinciples,whichhavebroughtsomuchgoodtotheworld,couldgraduallydie.Andthatwouldleaveallofusworseoff,inonewayoranother.

1.Itcanbeinferredthat"protection"(Line1,Para.1)means()

2.TheWesternleaderspreachfreetradebecause()

3.By"thetableshaveturned"(Line3-4,Para.2)theauthorimpliesthat()

4.TheWesterneconomistsusedtoliketheideaof"creativedestruction"becauseit()

5.Theauthoruses"IMF"asanexampletoillustratethepointthat()

问题1选项

A.improvingeconomicefficiency

B.endingthefree-tradepractice

C.loweringmoralstandard

D.raisingtradetariffs

问题2选项

A.itisbeneficialtotheireconomies

B.itissupportedbydevelopingcountries

C.itmakesthemkeepfaithintheirprinciples

D.itisadvocatedbyJosephSchumpeterandAdamSmith

问题3选项

A.theWesternleadershaveturnedself-centered

B.theAsianleadershavebecomeadvocatesoffreetrade

C.thedevelopedeconomieshaveturnedlesscompetitive

D.thedevelopingeconomieshavebecomemoreindependent

问题4选项

A.setalong-termratherthanshort-termgoal

B.wasanessentialpartofcapitalistdevelopment

C.entailedapositiveratherthannegativementality

D.wasmeanttobethedestructionofdevelopingeconomics

问题5选项

A.Europeanleadersarereluctanttoadmittheyarehypocritical

B.thereisaninconsistencybetweenWesterntheoryandpractice

C.globalinstitutionsarenotbeingledbytrueglobalizationadvocates

D.Europeancountries'interestsarebeingignoredbyeconomicleaders

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:D

第5题:C

【解析】第1题:信息推断题。第一段的首句提到,protection不再是一种禁忌,这将开启一个新时代,以及下文提到的几十年来,西方领导人一直认为,降低贸易壁垒和关税是一件自然的好事。他们认为,这样做将导致更大的经济效率和生产力,从而改善人类福利。根据文章可推测,下文提到的都是与protection意义相反的内容。所以这里的保护指的是提高贸易关税。选项D正确。

第2题:事实细节题。根据第二段的第二句"...sothey'dprofitmostfromliberalization"他们将从自由化中获得最大的利益。选项A符合原文。

第3题:细节推断题。根据第二段的内容,发达国家知道他们的经济是最具竞争力的,然而这一形势发生了转变,也就是说发达国家的经济竞争力有所下降。选项C正确。

第4题:事实细节题。根据第三段的"theyalwaysassumedthatdestructionwouldhappenoverthere."他们(发达国家)总是假设毁灭会发生。以及第三段的最后一句“Butthere'sclearlyanegativetrendinWesterntheoryandpractice.”但在西方的理论和实践中,显然存在着一种消极的趋势。所以西方经济学家过去喜欢引用这句话的原因是因为它意味着发展中的经济将会被毁灭,选项D符合原文。

第5题:信息推断题。根据关键词“IMF”定位到第四段,根据第四段的最后一句“Westernofficialsputtheirowninterestsaboveeveryoneelse'swhentheydominatetheseglobalinstitutions.”但当西方官员主导这些全球机构时,他们往往把自己的利益置于所有人的利益之上。所以作者以IMF为例是为了说明全球机构不是由真正的全球化倡导者领导的,选项C正确。

11.单选题

Thebookwaswidelytranslatedandcopiedintheancientworldandwasinfluential().

问题1选项

A.atanyprice

B.withinreach

C.beyondmeasure

D.onpurpose

【答案】C

【解析】考查介词短语辨析。atanyprice“无论如何”;withinreach“伸手可及”;beyondmeasure“无可估量”;onpurpose“有目的地,故意地”。句意:在古代这本书被广泛地翻译和复制,其影响力______。根据关键信息widely,可知选项C符合题意。

12.单选题

3.

问题1选项

A.Itisfast.

B.Itisslow.

C.Itworkswell.

D.Itisnotworking.

【答案】B

【解析】W:Canthatclockberight,10:30?

M:Thatclockisalwaysoff.It’s11:05.

Q:Whatistrueabouttheclock?

【解析】细节题。从对话两个时间点可知,这个钟慢了。

13.单选题

CaliforniansandNewEnglandersspeakthesamelanguageand()bythesamefederallaws.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.abide

C.sustain

D.comply

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配题。abideby指"遵守...";conform"遵守,符合",一般与to和with搭配;sustain"承受;维持";comply"遵从,服从",一般与with搭配。句意:加利福尼亚人和新英格兰人说同一种语言,并且遵守同样的联邦法律。选项B正确。

14.单选题

ManypeopleinvestinthestockmarkethopingtofindthenextMicrosoftandDell.However,Iknow(1)personalexperiencehowdifficultthisreallyis.Formorethanayear,Iwas

(2)

hundredsandsometimesthousandsofdollarsadayininvestinginthemarket.Itseemedsoeasy,Idreamedof

(3)myjobattheendoftheyear,ofbuyingasmallapartmentinParis,oftravelingaroundtheworld.Butthesedreams

(4)toasuddenanddramaticendwhenastockI

(5),Texascellularponewholesaler,fellbymorethan75percent

(6)aoneyearperiod.Onthe(7)day,itplungedbymorethan$15ashare.Therewasarumorthecompanywas

(8)salesfigures.ThatwaswhenIlearnedhowquicklyWallstreet

(9)companiesthat,inonewayoranother,misrepresentthe(10)

.

Ina

(11),Isoldallmystocksinthecompany,paying

(12)margindebtwithcashadvancesfrommy

(13)card.BecauseIownedsomanyshares,I

(14)asmallfortune,halfofitfrommoneyIborrowedfromthebrokeragecompany.Onemonth,Iama

(15),thenext,aloser.Thisonebiglosswasmyfirstlessoninthemarket.

Myfatherwasastockbroker,aswaymygrandfather

(16)him(Infact,hefoundedoneofChicago'searliestbrokeragefirms.)Butlikesomanythingsinlife,wedon’tlearnanything,untilwe

(17)forourselves.Theonlywaytoreallyunderstandtheinner(18)ofthestockmarketistoinvestyourownhard-earnedmoney.Whenallyourstocksaredoing

(19)andyoufeellikeawinner,youlearnverylittle.It’swhenallyourstocksarelosingandeveryoneisquestioningyourstockpicking

(20)thatyoufindoutifyouhavewhatittakestoinvestinthemarket.

问题1选项

A.at

B.in

C.from

D.by

问题2选项

A.making

B.spending

C.selling

D.buying

问题3选项

A.losing

B.retiring

C.getting

D.quitting

问题4选项

A.turned

B.came

C.went

D.seemed

问题5选项

A.owned

B.owed

C.rented

D.sold

问题6选项

A.over

B.by

C.from

D.with

问题7选项

A.busy

B.slow

C.worst

D.fast

问题8选项

A.cheating

B.exaggerating

C.announcing

D.beating

问题9选项

A.punishes

B.defeats

C.tells

D.shows

问题10选项

A.trade

B.truth

C.lie

D.lies

问题11选项

A.despair

B.worry

C.panic

D.moment

问题12选项

A.all

B.off

C.over

D.up

问题13选项

A.credit

B.identity

C.identification

D.loan

问题14选项

A.won

B.lost

C.gained

D.Found

问题15选项

A.winner

B.champagne

C.genius

D.mentor

问题16选项

A.after

B.before

C.for

D.and

问题17选项

A.remember

B.live

C.imagine

D.experience

问题18选项

A.workings

B.innings

C.price

D.shares

问题19选项

A.more

B.great

C.much

D.up

问题20选项

A.facility

B.faculty

C.ability

D.power

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

第6题:A

第7题:C

第8题:B

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:C

第12题:B

第13题:A

第14题:B

第15题:A

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:A

第19题:C

第20题:C

【解析】(1)固定搭配。谓语动词是know,宾语是howdifficultthisreallyis,所以“personalexperience”是动作实施的途径,作方式状语。其中,固定表达“knowfrom/through...从……中明白”符合语境和句意‘许多人投资股市,希望找到下一个微软和戴尔。然而,从我的个人经历中,我知道这有多么困难。’,所以C选项正确。

(2)固定搭配。根据宾语“hundredsandsometimesthousandsofdollars几百,有时是几千美元”和介词in可知,B选项构成固定搭配“spend时间/金钱+in+doingsth.花时间/金钱做某事”正确。

(3)固定搭配。根据宾语“myjob我的工作”可知,D选项构成“quitone’sjob辞职”符合语境和句意‘在一年多的时间里,我每天都要花费数百甚至数千美元来投资股市。这似乎很容易,我梦想在年底辞掉工作,在巴黎买一套小公寓,环游世界。’。

(4)词组。根据转折连词but确定这一句是说‘梦想破灭’,B选项“cometoanend”表示“结束;终止”,正确。

(5)词义辨析。根据上下文可知,作者的一支名为“Texascellularponewholesaler”的股票大跌,因此,此处表示“拥有”之意,A选项正确。

(6)固定搭配。句意‘但当我持有的一只股票Texascellularponewholesale)在一年时间里下跌逾75%时,这些梦想突然戏剧性地终结了。’overaoneyearperiod表示“在短短一年之间”,A选项正确。

(7)词义辨析。根据空格后下一句“itplungedbymorethan$15ashare.股票日跌幅高达15美金。”可知,C选项“最坏的一天"符合语境,正确。

(8)词义辨析。cheating‘欺骗’;exaggerating‘夸大,夸张’;announcing‘宣告,发表’;beating‘敲打,击打’;根据关键词“rumor谣言”以及后文“misrepresent误传”可知,B选项“夸大”修饰宾语“销售数字”符合语境,正确。

(9)词义辨析。punish‘惩罚’;defeat‘击败,战胜’;tell‘告诉,讲述’;show‘展示,演示’;根据定语从句中动词“misrepresent误传;不如实地说明”可知,A项“惩罚(这类公司)”符合语境‘有谣言说公司夸大了销售数字。就在那时,我了解到华尔街是多么迅速地惩罚那些以这样或那样的方式歪曲…….的公司。’,正确。

(10)词义辨析。trade‘贸易,交易’;truth‘真相,真理’;lie‘谎言’;根据前文语境可知,此处表达“惩罚那些……的公司”,B选项构成“(误传)真相”符合语境搭配,正确。

(11)固定搭配。indespair“绝望”,inapanic“惊恐万分”,inamoment“此刻”,没有inaworry这个搭配,根据后文“Isoldallmystocksinthecompany我卖掉了公司所有的股票”可知,前文表示的状态应备是C选项“inapanic惊恐万分”。

(12)词组辨析。payoff“还清(债务等)”,payup“全部付清”。根据空格后关键词“margindebt债务”可知B选项正确。

(13)固定搭配。此处表示用‘信用卡creditcard’偿还债务,A选项正确。

(14)词义辨析。won‘赢得’;lost‘丢失,损失’;gained‘获得’;Found‘发现’;此处句意是“因为我有很多股票,所以,我……了一小笔。”根据前文可知,此话是处于股票跌值的语境中,所以B项“损失”符合语境,正确。

(15)词义辨析。winner‘赢家,获胜者’;champagne‘香槟’;genius‘天才’;mentor‘指导者’;根据后文关键词“thenext,aloser之后,是个失败者”可知,A选项“胜者”符合对比语境。

(16)介词辨析。此处的“him他”是指“myfather我的父亲”,表示“父亲和祖父是一样的身份”。因此,祖父在父亲之前也是个股票经纪人,则B项‘在……之前’正确。

(17)词义辨析。remember‘记得,记住’;live‘居住’;imagine‘想象,猜想’;experience‘经历’;“wedon'tlearnanything我什么都没有学到”,而且后文关键词“ourselves我们自己”可知,此处表示“直到我们亲身经历此事”,D想象正确。

(18)词义辨析。workings‘工作方式’;innings‘局’;price‘价格’;shares‘股份’;根据语境,A选项构成“innerworkings内部状况”符合语境,正确。

(19)词义辨析。句意“如果你全部股票长势很好,你自己也觉得是赢家,那你学到的其实很少。”此处修饰动词do,需要副词进行修饰,同时表示‘很好’之意,C选项正确。

(20)词义辨析。A选项“天资;才能”;B项更强调生命体本身所具有的能力;C项“本领;能力”,是指人运用脑力或体力完成特定任务的能力(侧重于能还是不能),是各种能力的总称。D项“动力;力量”。此处表示“挑选股票的能力”,C选项符合语境,正确。

15.单选题

IV.(CriminalLaw)

Theacrimoniousdebateovercapitalpunishmenthascontinuedforcenturies.Inrecentdecades,thedebatehasheatedupintheU.S.followingtheSupremeCourt-imposedmoratoriumoncapitalpunishment.Currently,severalstatesareconsideringachangeintheirpoliciesregardingthestatusofthedeathpenalty.Nebraska’slegislature,forexample,recentlypassedatwo-yearmoratoriumonexecutions,whichwas,however,vetoedbythestate’sgovernor.Tenotherstateshaveatleastconsideredamoratoriumlastyear.ThegroupincludesOklahomawhoselegislaturewillsoonconsi

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