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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兴义民族师范学院考试押题三合一+答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题
Theymadedetailedinvestigationsto()themselveswiththeneedsofthe
ruralmarket.
问题1选项
A.adhere
B.acknowledge
C.acquaint
D.activate
【答案】C
【解析】固定搭配。此处为固定搭配,acquaintwith意为“熟悉,了解”。
2.单选题
Whenyourparentsadviseyouto“getaneducation”inordertoraiseyourincome,theytellyouonlyhalfthetruth.Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety,butnotsomuchthatyouproveanembarrassmenttoyoursociety.
Getahighschooldiploma,atleast.Withoutthat,youwillbeoccupationallydead,unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool.
Getacollegedegree,ifpossible.WithaB.A.,youareonthelaunchingpad(发射台).Butnowyouhavetostarttoputonthebrakes.Ifyougoforamaster’sdegree,makesureitisanandonlyfromafirst-rateuniversity.Beyondthis,thefamouslawofdiminishingreturns(报酬递减率)beginstotakeeffect.
Doyouknow,forinstance,thatlong-haultruckdriversearnmoreperyearthanfullprofessors?Yes,theaverage1977salaryforthosetruckerswas$24,000,whilethefullprofessorsmanagedtoaveragejust$23,030.
APh.D.D.isthehighestdegreeyoucanget,butexceptinafewspecializedfieldssuchasphysicsorchemistry,wherethedegreecanquicklybeturnedtoindustrialorcommercialpurposes,youarefacingadimfuture.TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar.
IfyoubecomeadoctorofphilosophyinEnglishorhistoryoranthropologyorpoliticalscienceorlanguagesor—worstofall—inphilosophy,youruntheriskofbecomingovereducatedforournationaldemands.Notforourneeds,mindyou,butforourdemands.
ThousandsofPh.D.saresellingshoes,drivingcars,waitingontablesandfillingoutfruitlessapplicationsmonthaftermonth.Andthenmaybetakingajobinsomehighschoolorbackwatercollegepaysmuchlessthanthejanitor(看门人)earns.
Youcanequatethelevelofincomewiththelevelofeducationonlysofar.Farenough,thatis,tomakeyouusefultothegrossnationalproduct,butnotsofarthatnobodycanturnmuchofaprofitonyou.
1.Accordingtothewriter,whatthesocietyexpectsofeducationistoturnoutpeoplewho______.
2.IfyouareasgiftedasBernardShaworEdison,______.
3.Ph.D.saremostlikelyto
.
4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
5.Thewriteriscriticalof
.
问题1选项
A.willnotbeashametothesociety
B.willbecomeskilledworkers
C.cantakecareofthemselves
D.canmeetthedemandsasasourceofmanpower
问题2选项
A.youcangetahighschooldiplomawithoutdifficulty
B.youwillbesuccessfulinagradeschool
C.youcanbeprofessionallysuccessfulwithoutadiploma
D.theleastyoushoulddoistogetadiploma
问题3选项
A.havedifficultiesgettingproperlyemployed
B.beemployedinthefieldsofcommerceorindustry
C.havetofilloutapplicationformsmonthaftermonthforothers
D.workinschoolsorcollegeswithlowpay
问题4选项
A.BernardShawdidn’tfinishhighschools,nordidEdison
B.TherearefarmorePhDsthanthesocietydemands
C.Thehigheryoureducationlevel,themoremoneyyouwillearn
D.Ifyouaretoowell-educated,you’llmakethingsdifficultforthesociety
问题5选项
A.theemployees
B.thePhDs
C.theemployers
D.thesociety
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:C
第5题:D
【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段第二句提到他们真正的期望是获得足够的教育来为社会提供人力(Whattheyreallymeanistogetjustenougheducationtoprovidemanpowerforyoursociety),因此选项D符合题意。
2.判断推理题。文章第二段提到高中文凭是必要的,如果没有的话,除非你是萧伯纳或者爱迪生,如果你是他们,你小学辍学都行(unlessyournamehappenstobeGeorgeBernardShaworThomasAlvaEdison,andyoucansuccessfullydropoutingradeschool),因为他们就算没有文凭,也在各自领域中脱颖而出,因此选项C符合题意。
3.细节事实题。文章第五段倒数第一句话提到美国失业或未充分就业的博士人数比世界上其他国家要多(TherearemorePh.D.sunemployedorunderemployedinthiscountrythananyotherpartoftheworldbyfar),由此可知选项A符合题意。
4.判断推理题。根据文章第五段可知很多博士就业问题并不是很理想,由此可知选项C表述是错误的,符合题意。
5.判断推理题。无论是雇主、雇员还有博士生本人都是属于社会中的一员,一系列状况都是社会发展导致的,因此作者批判的是这个社会,因此选项D符合题意。
3.单选题
ThechangesingloballyaveragedtemperaturethathaveoccurredattheEarth’ssurfaceoverthepastcenturyaresimilarinsizeandtimingtothose(1)bymodelsthattakeintoaccountthecombinedinfluencesofhumanfactorsandsolarvariability.
To(2)thequestionofattributionrequiresthe(3)ofmorepowerfulandcomplexmethodsbeyondtheuseofglobalaveragesalone.Newstudieshavefocusedon(4)mapsorpatternsoftemperaturechangein(5)andinmodels.Patternanalysisistheclimatologicallyequivalentofthemorecomprehensivetestsinthemedicalanalogymentioned(6),andmakesitpossibletoachievemoredefinitive(7)oftheobservedclimatechangestoaparticularcauseorcauses.
TheexpectedinfluenceofhumanactivitiesisthoughttobemuchmorecomplexthanuniformwarmingovertheentiresurfaceoftheEarthandoverthewhole(8)cycle.Patternsofchangeoverspaceandtimethereforeprovideamorepowerful(9)technique.Thebasicidea(10)pattern-basedapproachesisthatdifferent(11)causesofclimatechangehavedifferentcharacteristicpatternsofclimateresponseorfingerprints.Attributionstudiesseekto(12)afingerprintmatchbetweenthepatternsofclimatechange(13)bymodelsandthoseactuallyobserved.
Themostrecentassessmentofthesciencesuggeststhathumanactivitieshaveledtoadiscernible(14)onglobalclimateandthattheseactivitieswillhaveanincreasinginfluenceonfutureclimate.Theburningofcoal,oilandnaturalgas,aswellasvariousagriculturalandindustrialpractices,are(15)thecompositionoftheatmosphereandcontributingtoclimatechange.Thesehumanactivitieshaveledtoincreasedatmospheric(16)ofanumberofgreenhousegases,includingcarbondioxide,methaneandsoonintheloweratmosphere.
Humanactivities,suchastheburningoffossil,havealsoincreasedthe(17)ofsmallparticlesintheatmosphere.Theseparticlescanchangethe(18)ofenergythatisabsorbedandreflectedbytheatmosphere.Theyarealsobelievedtomodifythe(19)ofairandclouds,changingtheamountofenergythattheyabsorbandreflect.Intensivestudiesoftheclimaticeffectsoftheseparticlesbeganonlyrecentlyandtheoverall(20)isuncertain.Itislikelythattheneteffectofthesesmallparticlesistocooltheclimateandtopartiallyoffsetthewarmingofincreasingconcentrationsofgreenhousegases.
问题1选项
A.incensed
B.personify
C.interact
D.predicted
问题2选项
A.array
B.ascertain
C.probe
D.perturb
问题3选项
A.application
B.integration
C.avenge
D.intervene
问题4选项
A.conforming
B.comparing
C.biding
D.budgeting
问题5选项
A.junctions
B.junctures
C.obligations
D.observations
问题6选项
A.optionally
B.ornamentally
C.previously
D.predicatively
问题7选项
A.attribution
B.autonomy
C.indication
D.induction
问题8选项
A.immune
B.seasonal
C.formidable
D.perceptible
问题9选项
A.analysis
B.disposal
C.antigen
D.disincentive
问题10选项
A.avenging
B.underestimating
C.ascending
D.underlying
问题11选项
A.potential
B.respectable
C.secretive
D.sturdy
问题12选项
A.weary
B.obtain
C.wink
D.retard
问题13选项
A.oriented
B.kenned
C.predicted
D.lapsed
问题14选项
A.modification
B.nomination
C.penetration
D.influence
问题15选项
A.paving
B.altering
C.retreating
D.saluting
问题16选项
A.stabilities
B.popularities
C.concentrations
D.hierarchies
问题17选项
A.abundance
B.hemisphere
C.fixture
D.distress
问题18选项
A.burial
B.argumentation
C.legislation
D.amount
问题19选项
A.disposals
B.properties
C.certainties
D.blends
问题20选项
A.calculation
B.assignment
C.budget
D.effect
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:B
第5题:D
第6题:C
第7题:A
第8题:B
第9题:A
第10题:D
第11题:A
第12题:B
第13题:C
第14题:D
第15题:B
第16题:C
第17题:A
第18题:D
第19题:B
第20题:D
【解析】(1)语法分析。空格处应填入those的后置定语,空后by提示此处为被动。因此D项predicted(预言,预测)与models搭配合理,意为“通过模型来预测”。
(2)动词辨析。array排列,整队;ascertain弄清,确定,查明;probe调查;探索;perturb使人烦恼,不安。根据句意和句子后面的methods,C项probe与thequestionofattribution搭配符合逻辑,意为“调查问题的原因”。
(3)名词辨析。空格处应填入名词,作require的宾语。以下两个选项是名词:application运用,应用;integration结合,整合,一体化。根据句意,需要运用更复杂的方法,A项application符合逻辑。
(4)动词辨析。conform遵守,符合;compare比较,对照;bide滞留,忍受;budget编制预算,安排开支。B项与mapsorpatterns搭配compare,意为“比较天气变化图和模式”。
(5)名词辨析。空格后为and,所以空格处应填与models并列的词。只有D项observation(注意,观察)与models为同类型。
(6)副词辨析。optionally随意地;ornamentally装饰地;previously先前,以前;predicatively断然地,肯定地。根据句意,此处指的是之前提到过的。
(7)名词辨析。attribution归因;autonomy自治,自治区;indication指示,迹象;induction归纳法,就职。选项中,A项attribution与achieve...definitive搭配,意思是有可能找到天气变化的明确原因。
(8)语义题。immune免疫的,不受影响的;seasonal季节性的,随季节变化的;formidable可怕的,令人敬畏的;perceptible可感觉到的,可理解的。B项seasonal在此处比较合适,意为“季节性的循环”。
(9)语义题。后面句子提到了approaches,所以A项只有analysis(分析)放在此处比较合适,意为“更加强有力的分析技巧”。
(10)动词辨析。空格处为动词的现在分词形式作idea的后置定语,D项underlying(构成……的基础)与idea搭配,意为“构成这些方法的基本观点”。
(11)形容词辨析。potential潜在的,有潜力的;respectable体面的,高尚的;secretive秘密的;sturdy强壮的,结实的。A项potential与causesofclimatechange搭配,意为“天气变化的潜在原因”。
(12)语义题。weary使疲乏,厌倦;obtain获得;wink递眼色,闪烁;retard使放慢或延缓。B项符合逻辑,此处意为“得到两种天气变化的匹配特征”。
(13)语法分析。此处句意为:models只能用来预测天气变化。因此C项predict(预言,预测)正确。
(14)固定搭配。D项influence能与on搭配,意为“对……的影响”。
(15)动词辨析。pave铺,为……铺路;alter改变,更改;retreat撤退,退却;salute欢迎,致敬。B项alter与thecompositionoftheatmosphere搭配,意为“正在改变大气的组成成分”。
(16)名词辨析。根据句意,increased(增加)的只能是concentration(浓度)。
(17)固定搭配。theabundanceof为固定用法,意为“大量,充足”,句意:增加了大气中的微粒的数量。
(18)固定搭配。下文出现了theamountofenergy,因此推测此处为theamountof(……的数量)。
(19)名词辨析。disposal清除,处理;property特性,性质;certainty确实,确定的事;blend混合物。句意:这会改变大气和云层的。B项符合句意。
(20)语义题。句意:对这些粒子的气候效应的深入研究才刚刚开始,总体还不确定。因此D项effect(影响)符合句意。
4.单选题
Therightcombinationofbricks,mortarandplastercanbemixedtobuildagreatcity,butitisthecity'speoplewhoaddthatextradimensionwhichmakesitvibrant,memorable,famousandmuch-visited.Londonissuchacity,andamajorexhibitionaboutitspeoplemakesthispointbypulling-togetherpaintings,drawings,andprintsbyartistsoverthecenturiestoshowLondonersfromallwalksoflifeandinallmannerofsettings.Thecapital'srenownedoldmarkets,mostnowgone,likeCoventGardenandBillingsgate,capturedtheeyeofpaintersbecauseoftheextraordinarilydisparaterangeofcharactersminglingtogether.Processionsandceremonialeventswerepopularsubjects,althoughmanyartistswereinspiredbytheindividualstheysaw:thestreettraders,laborers,merchants,craftsmen,societyfolk,servants,visitingforeigners,theverypoor,theold,andthecriminals.ThereisabookwhichaccompaniestheshowandfromwhichinBritainhaschosenitsillustrations.LondonersarepublishedbyThamesandHudson,30-34BloomsburyStreet,LondonWC1B3QP.Telephone01-6365488.Ithas237illustrations,20incolor:£20inhardback,£9.95paperback.Availablepost-freedirectfromthepublisherstoaddresses,overseas,orfrombookshopsintheUK.
TheexhibitioncontinuesuntilAugust2attheMuseumofLondon.OpenTuesdaytoSaturday,10a.m.to6p.m.Admissionfree.
1.Accordingtotheadvertisement,theelementwhichaddstherealcolortoacityis(
).
2.Theartistsaremorelikelytobeinspiredby(
).
3.Fromtheadvertisement,wearetoldthatthebookwhichgoeswiththeexhibition(
).
4.Readersoverseascangetacopyofthebook
(
).
5.Fromtheadvertisement,wecaninferthattherewouldbefreeadmission(
).
问题1选项
A.thecityitself
B.itsinhabitants
C.thebuildings
D.themarkets
问题2选项
A.popularsubjects
B.processions
C.theindividuals
D.ceremonialevents
问题3选项
A.iscalledLondoners
B.iscalledBritain
C.containsonly20pictures
D.containslessthan200illustrations
问题4选项
A.for£9.95
B.bypaying£29.95
C.onlybyorderingfrombookshopsinBritain
D.byjoiningtheLiteraryGuild
问题5选项
A.onMondays
B.onAugust1st
C.onSundays
D.before10a.m.
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:C
第3题:A
第4题:A
第5题:B
【解析】1.细节事实题。根据第一段第一句“itisthecity'speoplewhoaddthatextradimensionwhichmakesitvibrant,memorable,famousandmuch-visited.”正是这座城市的人民为这座城市增添了额外的维度,使它充满活力、令人难忘、闻名遐迩、游客众多。所以选项B正确。
2.细节事实题。根据第一段“manyartistswereinspiredbytheindividualstheysaw...”许多艺术家的灵感来自于他们所看到的个人……选项C正确。
3.推理判断题。根据第一段的后半部分可知:在英国,有一本书中的插画被选来展览。这本书叫《伦敦人》,由泰晤士和哈德逊出版。选项A正确,选项B,C,D均不符合原文。
4.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“£20inhardback,£9.95paperback.Availablepost-freedirectfromthepublisherstoaddresses,overseas,orfrombookshopsintheUK.”精装本20英镑,平装本9.95英镑。可从出版商或者是英国书店直接免费邮寄到所需地址,甚至是海外。只有选项A正确。
5.推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容,在伦敦博物馆的展览将持续到8月2日。星期二至星期六,上午十点至下午六点开放。免费入场。由此可知选项B正确。
5.单选题
14.
问题1选项
A.Saturdaymorning.
B.Saturdaynight.
C.Sundayafternoon.
D.Nextweekend.
【答案】D
【解析】W:IfyougotothefootballgameonSaturdaynightandconcertorplayonSunday,youwon’thavemuchtimetostudy.
M:Well,Icandothattheweekendafterthisone.
Q:Whendoesthemanplantostudy?
【解析】男士说:Icandothattheweekend(我可以下周末再做)。
6.单选题
Inthe1930s,whenmillionsofcomicbookswere______theyoungwithfightingandkilling,nobodyseemedtonoticethattheviolenceofcarsinthestreetswasmorehysterical.
问题1选项
A.inundating
B.imitating
C.immolating
D.insulating
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项inundating“泛滥;使充满”;B选项imitating“模仿”;C选项immolating“献祭;牺牲”;D选项insulating“隔离”。句意:在20世纪30年代,数以百万计的漫画书______年轻人的战斗和杀戮,似乎没有人注意到,街道上的汽车暴力比这更歇斯底里。根据语境,这里是漫画书里有很多年轻人的暴力因素,所以inundating“泛滥;使充满”符合题意。因此A选项正确。
7.翻译题
Youshould,forexample,dressneatlyandmodestly.Ifyoudresstooinformally,theinterviewermaythinkthatyouarenotseriousabouttheintervieworthatyoumaybecasualaboutyourfuturework.Clothesthataretooexpensiveortoocolorfulmaysuggestthatyoudonotunderstandwhatbehaviorisappropriateforthejob.Itmaynotbetruethat“clothesmaketheman”,butthefirstandoftenlastingimpressionofyouisdeterminedbytheclothesyouwear.
【答案】例如,你应该着装整洁且恰当。如果你穿得太随便,面试的人可能会认为你对面试不认真,或者认为你不在意未来的工作。太贵或太鲜艳的衣服可能表明你不懂什么行为适合这份工作。“人靠衣装”这句话也许不对,但你给人的第一印象,往往是持久的印象,这是由你的着装所决定的。
8.单选题
Tobesure,thatisnotwhatmanysee.FederalReserveBoardChairmanBenBernankeandothershaveblamedthefinancialcrisisof2008onaglobalsavingsglut,whichfueledflowsofmoneyfromhigh-savingsemerging-marketeconomies—especiallyinAsia—thatrunchronicbalance-of-paymentssurpluses.Accordingtothisschoolofthought,excessivesavingspushedlong-terminterestratesdowntorock-bottomlevels,leadingtoassetbubblesintheUnitedStatesandelsewhere.
Thealternativetheory—ofaglobalcreditglut—gainedmoregroundwiththereleaselastweekoftheFinancialStabilityBoard’sreportonshadowbanking.TheFSBreportcontainsstartlingrevelationsaboutthescaleofglobalshadowbanking,whichitdefinesas“creditintermediationinvolvingentitiesandactivitiesoutsidetheregularbankingsystem”.
Thereport,whichwasrequestedbyG20leadersattheirsummitinSeoullastNovember,foundthatbetween2002and2007,theshadowbankingsystemincreasedby$33trillion,morethandoublinginassetsizefrom$27trillionto$60trillion.Thisis8.5timeshigherthanthetotalUScurrent—accountdeficitof$3.9trillionduringthesameperiod.
Theshadowbankingsystemisestimatedatroughly25%-30%oftheglobalfinancialsystem($250trillion,excludingderivatives)andathalfoftotalglobalbankingassets.Thisrepresentsahugeregulatory“blackhole”atthecenteroftheglobalfinancialsystem,hithertonotcloselymonitoredformonetaryandfinancialstabilitypurposes.Itsimportancewasexposedonlybyanalysisofthekeyrolesplayedbystructuredinvestmentvehicles(SIVs)andmoney-marketfunds(MMFs)inthe2008meltdown.
Theshadowbankingsystemiscomplex,becauseitcomprisesamixofinstitutionsandvehicles.InvestmentfundsotherthanMMFsaccountfor29%oftotal,andSIVsmakeup9%,buttheshadowsystemalsoincludespublicfinancialinstitutions(suchasthegovernment-backedmortgagelenderFannieMaeintheUS).Theyaresomeofthelargestcounterpartieswiththeregularbankingsystem,andtheircombinedcreditcreationandproprietarytradingandhedgingmayaccountformuchofthegloballiquidityflowsthatmakemonetaryandfinancialstabilitysodifficulttoensure.
Thetroubleisthat,by2010,theshadowbankingsystemwasaboutthesamesizeasitwasjustbeforethe2007marketcrash,whereastheregulatedglobalbankingsystemwas18%largerthanin2007.ThatiswhytheFSBreportpinpointstheshadowbankingsystem,togetherwiththelargeglobalbanks,assourcesofsystemicrisk.Buttheglobalproblemislikelytobemuchlargerthanthesumofitsparts.Specifically,globalcreditcreationbytheregularandshadowbankingsystemsislikelytobesignificantlylargerthanthesumofthecreditcreationcurrentlymeasuredbynationalstatistics.
21.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?
22.ThegloballiquidityflowsincludethefollowingEXCEPT________.
23.AccordingtothereportrequestedbyG20leaders,howmuchmoneyintotalfortheshadowbankingsystembefore2008meltdown?
24.Asthepassageindicates,whatistheroughfigureforthetotalglobalbankingassetsjustbeforethe2007marketcrash?
25.Thewords“proprietarytrading”couldbestbereplacedbywhichofthefollowing?
问题1选项
A.CreditGlutorSavingGlut
B.ThecomingGlobalCreditGlut
C.TheRegularandShadowBankingSystems
D.MonetaryandFinancialStability
问题2选项
A.money-marketfunds(MMFs)
B.structuredinvestmentvehicles(SIVs)
C.thecombinedcreditcreation
D.proprietarytradingandhedgingfund
问题3选项
A.$17.4trillion
B.$27trillion
C.$3.9trillion
D.$60trillion
问题4选项
A.$250trillion
B.$5.4trillion
C.$33trillion
D.$120trillion
问题5选项
A.haircut
B.carrytrade
C.usingthefirm’sowncapital
D.highfrequencytrading(HFT)
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:D
第5题:C
【解析】21.主旨大意题。根据第二段第一句aglobalcreditglut—gainedmoreground(全球信贷过剩——得到了更多的支持),后文对此展开讨论,根据文章最后一句Specifically,globalcreditcreationbytheregularandshadowbankingsystemsislikelytobesignificantlylargerthanthesumofthecreditcreationcurrentlymeasuredbynationalstatistics.(具体来说,常规银行和影子银行系统在全球创造的信贷很可能远远大于目前国家统计数据所衡量的信贷创造总量。),可知文章在预测全球信贷过剩,所以B选项“即将到来的全球信贷过剩”正确。A选项“信贷过剩还是储蓄过剩”:这只是文章开头的不同观点来引入主题,不是主要内容,故错误。C选项“常规银行系统和影子银行系统”和D选项“货币和金融稳定”:都是主要内容的部分内容,故错误。因此B选项正确。
22.语义推测题。根据第五段第二句InvestmentfundsotherthanMMFsaccountfor29%oftotal,andSIVsmakeup9%(除MMFs之外的投资基金占总数的29%,SIVs占9%),可知B选项“结构性投资工具(SIVs)”包含在内,故错误。根据第五段最后一句andtheircombinedcreditcreationandproprietarytradingandhedgingmayaccountformuchofthegloballiquidityflows(它们的信贷创造、自营交易和对冲交易可能是全球流动性流动的主要原因),可知C选项“联合信贷创造”和D选项“自营交易和对冲基金”包含在内,故错误。A选项“货币市场基金”没有提到,因此A选项正确。
23.事实细节题。根据第三段第一句between2002and2007,theshadowbankingsystemincreasedby$33trillion,morethandoublinginassetsizefrom$27trillionto$60trillion(2002年至2007年间,影子银行体系增加了33万亿美元,资产规模从27万亿美元增至60万亿美元,增加了一倍多),可知D选项“60万亿美元”正确。A选项“17.4万亿美元”,B选项“27万亿美元”和C选项“3.9万亿美元”错误。因此D选项正确。
24.事实细节题。根据第四段第一句Theshadowbankingsystemisestimatedatroughly25%-30%oftheglobalfinancialsystem($250trillion,excludingderivatives)andathalfoftotalglobalbankingassets.(据估计,影子银行体系约占全球金融体系的25%-30%(250万亿美元,不包括衍生品),占全球银行业总资产的一半。),可知全球银行业总资产应为250*25%*2=125,所以D选项“120万亿美元”正确。A选项“250万亿美元”,B选项“5.4万亿美元”和C选项“33万亿美元”错误。因此D选项正确。
25.词义辨析题。proprietarytrading意思为自营交易,C选项“使用公司自己的资本”符合意思,所以正确。A选项“发型”,B选项“套利交易”和D选项“高频交易(HFT)”错误。因此C选项正确。
9.填空题
Directions:Usethewordsintheboxtofillintheblanksofthefollowingpassage.Changetheformifnecessary.WriteyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.
but
demonstrate
capable
with
happen
average
environmentally
difference
isolate
measure
Therearetwofactorswhichdetermineanindividual’sintelligence.Thefirstisthesortofbrainheisborn(1).Humanbrainsdifferconsiderably,somebeingmorecapablethanothers.(2)nomatterhowgoodabrainhehastobeginwith,anindividualwillhavealoworderofintelligenceunlesshehasopportunitiestolearn.Sothesecondfactoriswhat(3)totheindividual—thesortofenvironmentinwhichheisbroughtup.Ifanindividualishandicapped(4),itislikelythathisbrainwillfailtodevelopandhewillneverattainthelevelofintelligenceofwhichheis(5).
Theimportanceofenvironmentindetermininganindividual’sintelligencecanbe(6)bythecasehistoryoftheidenticaltwins,PeterandMarkX.Beingidentical.Whenthetwinswerethreemonthsold,theirparentsdied,andtheywereplacedinseparatefosterhomes.Peterwasrearedbyparentsoflowintelligenceinan(7)communitywithpooreducationalopportunities.John,however,waseducatedinthehomewell-to-doparentswhohadbeentocollege.Thisenvironmental(8)continueduntilthetwinswereintheirlateteens.Whentheyweregiventeststo(9)theirintelligence,John’sIQwas125,twenty-fivepointshigherthanthe(10)andfullyfortypointshigherthanhisidenticalbrother.
【答案】1.【答案】with
2.【答案】but
3.【答案】happens
4.【答案】environmentally
5.【答案】capable
6.【答案】demonstrated
7.【答案】isolated
8.【答案】difference
9.【答案】measure
10.【答案】average
【解析】but但是;然而conj.demonstrate证明;证实v.
capable有能力的adj.with和……在一起;具有prep.
happen发生;出现v.average平均水平n.
environmentally环境地adv.difference差异;不同之处n.
isolate孤立;分离;隔离v.measure测量v.
1.【答案】with
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处heisborn……修饰brain。此题考查固定搭配,bebornwith表示“天生具有”。在句中指他天生具有的大脑。符合句意。因此填with。
【句意】第一种是他与生俱来的大脑。
2.【答案】but
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处上文句意为“人类的大脑差别很大,有些人比其他人更有能力。”空格处下文句意为“不管一个人的大脑有多好,除非他有机会学习,否则他的智力水平就会很低。”上文提到有些人的大脑比其他人的好,而下文指不管大脑有多好,除非学习不然智力会低。由此可知该处存在转折关系。且空格后是一个完整的句子。因此该处缺一个表示转折的连词,因此填but。
【句意】但是,不管一个人的大脑有多好,除非他有机会学习,否则他的智力水平就会很低。
3.【答案】happens
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处在what引导的表语从句中做谓语,因此空格处应填一个动词。空格处句意为:所以第二个因素是个体……——他成长的环境。固定搭配happentosb表示“发生到某人身上”;从句中what做主语,谓语动词一般用单数形式。所以填happens。
【句意】所以第二个因素是个体发生了什么——他成长的环境。
4.【答案】environmentally
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处应填副词修饰前面的形容词“handicapped”。由句意“如果一个人……患有残疾,他的大脑很可能无法发育。”可知,该处填入environmentally,表示由环境影响造成的残疾。environmentally符合句意,且对应上文。因此填environmentally。
【句意】如果一个人因环境影响患有残疾,他的大脑很可能无法发育。
5.【答案】capable
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处缺少一个形容词。且固定搭配becapableof表示“能够”。由句意“他永远不会达到他……到达的智力水平。”可知此处填capable表示“能够”符合语境。因此填capable。
【句意】他永远达不到他所能达到的智力水平。
6.【答案】demonstrated
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处位于情态动词后,且有be动词在前,应填入动词的被动形式。由句意“环境在决定一个人智力方面的重要性可以从同卵双胞胎Peter和MarkX的案例历史中得到……。”可知空格处填入demonstrate的被动形式demonstrated表示“证明;证实”符合语境。因此填demonstrated。
【句意】环境在决定一个人智力方面的重要性可以从同卵双胞胎Peter和MarkX的案例历史中得到证明。
7.【答案】isolated
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处位于定冠词an后,应填一个形容词且以元音音素开头。所以该处应填入isolate的形容词形式,isolated“偏远的;孤立的”。由句意“彼得的父母智力低下,生活在一个……社区,受教育的机会很少。”可知,空格处填入isolated“偏远的;孤立的”符合语境。因此填isolated。
【句意】彼得是由智力低下的父母在一个教育机会很少的孤立社区抚养长大的。
8.【答案】difference
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处缺少名词。上文讲到“彼得的父母智力低下,生活在一个与世隔绝的社区,受教育的机会很少。马克的父母都上过大学,家境富裕。他还是个孩子的时候,就有人念书给他听,把他送进好学校,给他一切机会去激发他的智力。”空格处意味“环境的……”上文表明二人生活环境的差异。因此空格处填入difference“差异;不同之处”符合语境。因此填difference。
【句意】这种环境差异一直持续到双胞胎十八九岁的时候,那时他们接受了测试,以衡量他们的智力。
9.【答案】measure
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处缺少动词。由句意“当他们接受测试……智力时”可知,空格处填入measure“测量”符合语境。因此填measure。
【句意】当测试他们的智力时……
10.【答案】average
【解题思路】分析题目可知,空格处缺少名词。由句意“约翰的智商是125,比……高25分,比他的同卵兄弟整整高40分。”可知,空格填入average“平均水平”符合语境。因此填average。
【句意】约翰的智商是125,比平均水平高25分,比他的同卵兄弟整整高40分。
10.单选题
Astudyshowsthatstudentslivinginnon-smokingdormsarelesslikelyto(
)thathabitofsmoking.
问题1选项
A.turnup
B.pickup
C.makeup
D.ringup
【答案】B
【解析】词组辨析题。turnup“调大,出现”;pickup“拿起,拾起,捡起,学会”;makeup“组成,补足,化妆,编造”;ringup“打电话”;根据句意‘研究发现,住在无烟宿舍的学生不大可能(
)抽烟的习惯。’确定B选项正确。
11.单选题
Beforemanypeoplebuyacar,atelevisionorawashingmachine,theyshoparoundforthebestdeal.Yet,whensomeofthesepeoplefindthemselvesinapositioninwhichasecondmedicalopinionisagoodidea——whenfacingadifficultoperation,forexample,——theyareunwillingtogofurther.Sometimesitdoesn'tmatter.Butsometimesitcanleadtothewrongtreatment,evendeath.
Anumberofpsychologicalroadblocksgetinthewayofsecondmedicalopinions,butoneofthemostcommonisthefearofhurtingthefeelingsofthedoctors,andthepossibleresultofthat.Peoplemaythinkthatinbringingupthattheywanttogetasecondopinionthey'requestioningthedoctor'sability,sointheinterestofnothurtingthefeelingofhimtheydon'tsuggestit.
Anotherreasonpeopleavoidgettingasecondopinionisfearoftheseconddoctorgivingthemworsenewsthanthefirst.SaysBalyk:"Youfearthatifyougofor,say,aningrowntoenail,he'lltellyouthatthetoemustcomeoff."Themostimportantconsiderationisthatit'sinyourselfinteresttogetanotheropinion—anditmaynotbeworse.
Then,mostpeopletrust,evengivegreatrespecttotheirdoctors,andregardthemaswithgodlikequalities.Sotheytrusttheirdoctorisright,anddon'taskforasecondopinion.Infact,itdoesn'tevenoccurtothemthattheyshoulD.Butyoushouldrememberthatthedoctorisahumanbeing—justlikeyou.
Andsometimes,whenpeoplearesick,theybecomechildlike.Theyputalltypesofgoodfeelingsontothedoctorandjustlethimtakeover.Atothertimes,obtainingthatsecondopinionjustseemsliketoomuchwork.
Butremember,sometimesgettingthatsecondmedicalopinioncanmeanthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath.
1.Fromboththefirstandthelastparagraphswecaninferthattheauthormaywanttosuggestthat().
2.Whyaresomepatientsafraidofhurtingthedoctor'sfeelings?
3.Anotherreasonsomepatientsdon'twanttogetasecondmedicalopinionisthat().
4.InParagraph5,by"sometimeswhenpeoplearesick,theybecomechildlike"theauthormeansthat().
5.Thelastword"work"inParagraph5mayprobablybeclosestinmeaningto().
问题1选项
A.oneshouldchooseahospitalcarefullywhenill
B.oneshouldthinkseriouslybeforemakingamedicaldecision
C.oneshouldneverbeafraidofquestioningthedoctor'sopinion
D.asecondmedicalopinionisabsolutelynecessary
问题2选项
A.Theyfearthatifsosomethingunhappywillhappen.
B.Theyfearthatthedoctormayletthemaloneafterthat.
C.Theyfearthedoctormayintentionallygivethemwrongtreatments.
D.Theyhavebeentaughttorespectdoctorsinthisway.
问题3选项
A.theyareusedtotreatingdoctorsasgodsineveryaspect
B.otherpeoplewilllookonthemasmadiftheydoso
C.theythinkitiswrongtodoubtthedoctor'sopinion
D.doctorsusuallydon'thaveasecondopiniontooffer
问题4选项
A.whenpeoplearesick,theybehaveineverywaylikeachild
B.whenpeoplearesick,theybecomeunreasonable
C.whenpeoplearesick,theyaretoolazytotakecareofthemselves
D.whenpeoplearesi
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