考研考博-英语-云南外事外语职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-云南外事外语职业学院考试押题三合一+答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共120题)1.单选题

Improvedconsumerconfidenceis______toaneconomicrecovery.

问题1选项

A.crucial

B.subordinate

C.cumulative

D.satisfactory

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.crucial至关重要的，关键性的B.subordinate隶属的，从属的

C.cumulative（在力量或重要性方面）聚积的，积累的D.satisfactory令人满意的，够好的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据句子意思“消费者信心的增强对经济复苏______”可知，空格处表示“至关重要的”符合句意。因此，该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D项不符合句意。

【句意】消费者信心的增强对经济复苏至关重要。

2.单选题

Ican'twaittohearaboutyourEnglishclass

问题1选项

A.ameagerto

B.amlateto

C.amindifferent

D.amhappyto

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语词义辨析。题目中can'twaittodosth表示“迫不及待去做某事”；A选项为“渴望去做某事”；B选项为“迟到”;C选项为“对……漠不关心”；D选项为“开心做某事”。由题意可知，我已经迫不及待要听你的英语课了。因此，正确答案是A项。

3.单选题

MarcHooper,notlongpromotedtoCEOofconfectionerygiantSpartanKetley(SK),isverydifferentfromhispredecessors.Heisacorporatelawyerbytraining,andhisbackgroundhasclearlyshapedhismanagementstyle.Hewastaughtthatnoworkshouldgouncheckedandthatnostatementcangooutwithouteverythingbeingfullydefined.”Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.Buthereheis,justoverayearintotheroleandseeminglyontopofthings.

EducatedatHarvardUniversity,Hooperstartedhiscareerwithwell-knownNewYorkconsultantsCox&Leight(C&L),andbecameaspecialistinmergersandacquisitions.ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.Butanotheropportunitypresenteditself:SKofferedhimajobasgeneraladvisor.HooperknewSKwellbecauseC&LwasitsmainNewYorkconsultancyfirmandHooperlookedafteritsaccount.

HooperlikedSKandwhentheycamecalling,severalfactorsweighedonhismind.“IadmiredSKandthoughtitwouldbeagreatplacetowork.C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.Also,forthreeyearsinarowmypayatC&Lhadstayedthesame.Finally,Iwasworkingverylonghoursinalarge,impersonalofficeanditseemedlikeanintelligentlifestyledecisiontotakeajobwithadifferentcompany.

HooperbecameestablishedatSK,andsoonfeltreadyforahigherposition,butwastoldthatnoonecouldgetonatSKunlesstheyhadbeeninsalesandmarketing.Ihadtomakeamove,“saysHooper.”Itookarisk;IbecameheadofmarketinginEurope.Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.Thefirstchallengewasthathefoundhimselfinchargeof25brightyoungmarketingpeople.“Ihadtoworkhardtokeepup,”headmits.

Throughout,hehasremainedfocused,hiseyealwaysonthemainprize.HiselevationtoCEO,hesays,isproofofSKSinclusiveness.“Wearealwaysopentopeoplewithfreshideas,asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.Ifyouarekeentodevelopandproveyoucansucceed,thiscompanywillprovidethechallengeyouneed.”Andinlinewiththisphilosophy,Hooperisnotanautocraticleaderhisstyleistoconsult,toseekadvice,thentoact.

1.ThechoiceofMareHooperasSpartanKetley’sCEOwassurprisingbecause______.

2.WhatdoesHoopersayabouthisfirstjob?

3.OneofthereasonsforHooperleavingCoxandLeightwas______.

4.AftersometimeatSpartanKetley,Hooperchangeddepartmentsbecause______.

5.HoopersaysthathispolicyasCEOisto______.

问题1选项

A.heknewmoreaboutlawthanmarketing

B.hehadlittleexperienceofstrategicplanning

C.hehadbeenwiththecompanyforashorttime

D.heintendedtotakethecompanyinadifferentdirection

问题2选项

A.Heregardedthejobasameanstoamoreinterestingcareer

B.Hegainedusefulskillswhilehewaswiththecompany.

C.Hefoundthathiseducationpreparedhimwellforthejob.

D.Heenjoyedworkingforsuchaprestigiouscompany.

问题3选项

A.hehadnochanceofbecomingapartner

B.hewasnothappywiththeworkingconditions

C.hewantedtomovetoaworkplaceinadifferentarea.

D.hefeltitwasimportanttochangejobseveryfewyears

问题4选项

A.hedidnotfindhiscurrentjobfinanciallyrewardingenough

B.hewantedtohaveexperienceofworkinginEurope

C.itwasanopportunitytoworkwithyoungpeople

D.itimprovedhischancesofpromotion

问题5选项

A.developasenseofcompetitionwithinhisworkforce

B.trainpeopletobecomeproficientinawiderangeofskills

C.hirestaffwhoarenotafraidtomakeimportantdecisions

D.encourageemployeestobeinnovativeintheirapproachtowork

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文中第一段Thelegalworldteachesyoutothinkinasyntheticway,totakecontrastingideasandthreadthemtogethertoformastrategyHooper,withlittlemarketingexperience,wasnotatthetopofmarketobservers’listsforthejob.（法律世界教会你以一种综合的方式思考，将不同的观点结合在一起，形成一个战略Hooper，因为几乎没有营销经验，所以不是市场观察人士对该工作的首选。）A选项“他的法律知识比市场营销知识多”，文章第一段提到，他是一位企业律师，并且没有营销策略，因此A选项正确。B选项“他几乎没有战略规划的经验”，文章只是说他没有营销策略，因此B选项可排除。C选项“他在公司待了一段时间”，这并不能成为马瑞•胡珀担任首席执行官令人惊讶的原因，可排除C选项。D选项“他打算使公司朝着不同的方向发展”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除D选项。因此A选项为正确答案。

2.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章第二段中第四句ItwasatremendoustraininggroundandIcouldhavestayedinmergersandacquisitionsIfoundtheworkinteresting.（那是一个巨大的训练场地，我本可以继续从事并购工作，我发现那份工作很有趣。）选项A“他把这份工作看作是通向更有趣的事业一种手段”，符合文章内容，他认为这份工作很有趣，A选项正确。选项B“他在公司期间获得了有用的技能”，文章并没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“他发现他所受的教育使他能胜任这项工作”，文章并没有提到此内容，可排除。D选项“他很喜欢在如此著名的公司工作”，文章没有提到这个内容，都可排除。因此A选项为正确答案。

3.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第三段第三句C&LhadtoldmeIwasonlyfiveyearsthroughaten-yearjourneytobecomeapartner.（C&L曾告诉我，我要经过10年的努力才能成为合伙人。）因此可推测，Hooper所在公司的晋升条件过高。B选项“他对工作条件不满意”，符合题意，B选项正确。A选项“他没有机会成为合伙人”，这里说他十年努力能够成为合伙人，因此A选项排除。C选项“他想搬到一个不同地区的工作场所”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。D选项“他觉得每隔几年换一份工作很重要”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。因此B选项为正确答案。

4.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到倒数第二段第五句Infact,thiswasasidewaysmove-notformoremoneybuttoaddtohisknowledgeandtofurtherhiscareer.（事实上，这是一种横向移动—不是为了更多的钱，而是为了增加他的知识和进一步发展他的事业），由此可推测，他是为了一个好的事业，才选择换部门。D选项“这增加了他晋升的机会”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“他觉得目前的工作在经济上的回报不够”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“他想有在欧洲工作的经验”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。C选项“这是一个和年轻人一起工作的机会”，文章只是说他要努力工作才能赶上年轻人，可排除C选项。因此D选项为正确答案。

5.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到文章最后一段第四句asCEOIsupportanyonewhoiswillingtotakeachanceandwhowantstostretchthemselves.（作为首席执行官，我支持任何愿意碰碰运气、想拓展自己的人。因此可推测Hooper作为首席执行官，会鼓励员工拓展自己，革新自己。）D选项“鼓励员工在工作方式上创新”，符合文章内容，D选项正确。A选项“在员工中培养竞争意识”，文章没有提到这个内容，可排除。B选项“培训人们，使他们精通各种技能”，文章没有提到此内容，可排除。C选项“雇佣那些敢于做出重要决定的员工”，文章所说“如果你渴望发展并证明你能成功，本公司将提供你所需要的挑战”，因此C选项不符合句意，可排除。因此D选项为正确答案。

4.单选题

Thesecondmajorcauseofthechangesinculturalpolicythatwearewitnessingatthepresenttimeistheradicaltransformationoftheeconomicenvironmentinwhichculturalgoodsareproduced,distributedandconsumed,broughtaboutbywhatislooselyreferredtoas"globalization".Thistermiswidelyusedinthecontemporarydiscoursetoidentifyaseriesofrelatedtrendsthatcanbeobservedineconomic,socialandgeopoliticalspheres.Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena;thedigitalrevolution,theexplosionincomputationalpoweravailableacrossawiderangeofapplications,thegrowthoftheinternetandtheinventionofnewdevicesforcommunicationanddatatransmissionhavetogetherprovidedthetechnologicalimpetusforglobalization,whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.

Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists,creativeworkers,commercialandnon-commercialfirmsproducinganddistributingculturalproducts,culturalagenciesandinstitutions,andconsumers,havebeenprofound.Tobeginwith,ontheproductionsidenewcommunicationstechnologistshavefosterednewformsofculturalexpressionandopenedupnewavenuesforculturalexchange.Atthecuttingedge,artistsworkinginnewmediaareexperimentingwithinnovativemethodsformakingartandcommunicatingittoconsumers;thesedevelopmentscanbelikenedtoR&Dactivitiesinindustry,giventhattheeventualpayoff(inbothartisticandcommercialterms)isuncertainbutcouldbesubstantial.ManuelCastellshasobservedthatthisnewtechnologicalenvironmentcanbedescribedasculturalinsofarasitsdynamicsaredependenton"thecultureofinnovation,onthecultureofrisk,onthecultureofexpectationsand.ultimately,onthecultureofhopeinthefuture."

Furthermore,newtechnologistshaveledtonewwaysforculturalproducerstocarryontheirbusinessoperations,throughimprovedinformationandmarketingservices,moreefficientmanagementsystems,andsoon.Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections,performinggroupsareadoptingelectronicticketing,andnewspapersarebeingmadeavailableon-line.Atthesametime,threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

1.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably（）.

2.Whichofthefollowingphenomenacloselyrelatedto"globalization"isNOTmentionedinthepassage?

3.Oneofthecausesunderlyingtheglobalizationtrendsisthat（）.

4.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEabouttheeffectsofglobalizationonculturalindustry?

5.Thewordimpetusinparagraph1isclosestinmeaningto（）.

问题1选项

A.NewTrendsBroughtaboutbyGlobalization

B.TheCulturalCausesofGlobalization

C.TheEmergenceofGlobalization

D.GlobalizationandCulturalIndustry

问题2选项

A.Thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofcapitalresources.

B.Theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities.

C.Thevanishingofculturaldiversity.

D.Thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.

问题3选项

A.theuniversalacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciples

B.thefreemovementoflaborresourcesacrosstheworld

C.theemergenceofmanytransnationalcompanies

D.thesupportofpolicy-makersacrosstheworld

问题4选项

A.Theeffectsofglobalizationonartistsandcreativeworkershavebeenmoreprofoundthanonculturalagenciesandinstitutions.

B.Itthreatensthetraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution.

C.Museumsandgalleriescandisplayandselltheirdigitizedcollections.

D.Downloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.

问题5选项

A.impede

B.fuel

C.impact

D.impeachment

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨题。纵观全文，文章主要提到了在全球化的环境给文化产业带来了一些影响，全球化对文化产业在构成一定的威胁和挑战。所以文章内容主要是围绕全球化和文化产业展开的。选项D符合题意。

2.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Essentially,globalizationcanbedefinedasthreephenomena:thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources,especiallycapitalandlabor,betweencountriesandregions;theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities,withincreasedcommercialopportunitiesforbothnationalandtransnationalcompanies;andtheinternationalizationofcommunications,leadingto,amongotherthings,thefreetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld.”，可知文中提到的全球化带来现象包括thebreakdownofbarrierstothemovementofresources“打破资源流动的障碍”，theemergenceofaglobalmarketplaceformanycommodities“许多商品在全球市场出现”，freetransmissionofculturalsymbolsandmessagesaroundtheworld“文化符号和信息的自由传播”，所以只有文化的多样性没有提及。选项C符合题意。

3.细节理解题。根据文章第一段，“Therearebothtechnologicalandeconomiccausesunderlyingthesephenomena…whileitsoperationshavebeenenabledbyawidespreadacceptanceofneoliberaleconomicprinciplesasthebasisfornationalandinternationalpolicy-making.”，可知这些现象的背后既有技术原因，也有经济原因，而只有新自由主义经济原则作为国家和国际决策的基础得到广泛接受，才能使全球化成为可能。所以造成全球化趋势的原因之一是新自由主义经济原则的普遍接受。选项A符合题意。

4.细节理解题。根据文章第二段第一句，“Theeffectsofthesetrendsonartists…havebeenprofound.”，可知对于全球化对各方面的影响没有进行对比。选项A不符合文意，可排除。根据文章最后一段，“Forexample,museumsandgalleriesaredigitizingtheircollections”，可知博物馆和画廊正在把他们的收藏品数字化，所以并没有提到displayandsell，选项C不符合文意，可排除。根据文章最后一段，“…threatshaveemergedtotraditionalmodesofculturalproductionanddistribution,nowheremoreevidentthaninthemusicindustry,whereillegaldownloadsfromtheinternetcontinuetoaffecttherevenuestreamsofperformers,publishersandrecordcompanies.”，可知来自互联网的非法下载继续对演员、出版商和唱片公司的收入来源造成影响。选项D并未提到下载是非法还是合法的，不符合文意，可排除。同时根据此句，可知传统的文化生产和传播方式受到了威胁。选项B符合题意。

5.词义理解题。impede“妨碍”；fuel“燃料，刺激因素”；impact“影响，撞击”；impeachment“弹劾，控告”。句意：为全球化提供技术动力。选项B符合题意。

5.单选题

AmidthenationwidefurorovertheSenatedrafthealth-carebill,apublic-healthvictoryhasgonemostlyunnoticed.AccordingtoanewreportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theestimatednumberofmiddleandhighschoolstudentswhoaretobaccousersdroppedfrom4.7millionin2015to3.9millionin2016.Thiswaslargelydrivenbyareductioninthenumberofteenagersusinge-cigarettes,whicharelessharmfulthanregularcigarettesbutstillcontainnicotine.Thedownturnisasuccessforadvocatesandofficialswhohaveworkedtocurbteentobaccouse—butitshouldnotbeheraldedastheendoftheroad.

Teenagesmokinghaslongbeenoneofthemostseriouspublichealthissues.SmokingistheleadingcauseofpreventabledeathintheUnitedStates,and9in10Americansmokershadtheirfirsttasteoftobaccobeforetheageof18,althoughpoliciestocurbteensmokingshowedsignsofsuccessforatime,youthtobaccoratesremainedstagnantbetween2011and2015.Duringthisperiod,theuseofe-cigarettesamonghighschoolstudentsincreasedbyastaggering900percent.

Withthesestatisticsinmind,therecentdeclineinteentobaccoande-cigaretteuseisanencouragingsignalthatinterventionsmaybeworking.Itisdifficulttodeterminecausation,butexpertshaveattributedthedroptoarangeoffederal,stateandlocalpoliciesdesignedtodissuadeyoungadultsfromusingtobacco,suchasincreasingtobaccotaxesandexpandingantismokingordinancestoincludee-cigarettesandothernewproducts.Stateshaveruntargetedmediacampaignsthatworkalongsidefederalefforts,suchastheFoodandDrugAdministration’s“RealCost”campaignandtheCDC’s“TipsfromFormerSmokers”.TheCDCreportsuggeststhatatleastsomeofthesestrategieshavebeeneffective.

Butthereportalsohighlightschallengesthatlieahead.Millionsofteenagersacrossthecountryarestillusingtobaccoinsomeform,andtheintroductionofnewtobaccoproductscoulddriveuprates.Therearealsosignificantdisparitiesamongstatesandcommunities:Rural,low-income,andlesbian,gay,bisexualandtransgenderyouthareparticularlyatriskduetotargetedmarketingandpolicyvariationbetweendifferentjurisdictions.ThismakesfederalregulationbytheFDAallthemoreimportant.

TheFDA,however,hasdelayedtheenforcementofnewregulationsone-cigarettesandcigars.Delaysarecommonplaceinnewadministrations,butitisimportantthattheagencytakeupthesestricterstandardsafterthethree-monthpostponement.Itwouldbeapityiftheselong-awaitedsignsofprogresswereundercutbecausetheFDAdeclinedtodoitsjob.

5.AccordingtoareportbytheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,teenagesmoking（）.

6.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthereasonforthedropofteenagesmoking?

7.Whoshouldshouldermoreresponsibilityforcurbingteensmokingintheauthor’seye?

8.Whichofthefollowingcouldbestsummarizethetext?

问题1选项

A.decreasedslightlybetween2015and2016

B.mainlytookplaceinelementaryschools

C.recentlyexperiencedagorgeousreduction

D.waslargelyconnectedwithdeathrate

问题2选项

A.TheAmericanSenatepassedahealth-carebilltocurbteensmoking.

B.Thegovernmentissuedvariouslawsandpoliciestocontroltobaccouse.

C.Theadvocatesandofficialshaveworkedhardtorestrainsmoking.

D.Theteenagersaremoreawareofthedeath-causingresultfromsmoking.

问题3选项

A.Thesecondaryschoolswherestudentsattendtheclasses.

B.TheCDCwhichproducedthereportonteenagesmoking.

C.Thesocialmediaorganizingcampaignsagainstteensmoking.

D.TheFDAmakingfederalregulationonbanningtobaccouse.

问题4选项

A.Adeclineinteensmoking—TheFDA’Sdelaycouldweakenthatprogress

B.Apubic-heathvictory—TheCDC’steensmokingreportdisplayedahope

C.Animportantdifference—Thestatesandcommunitiesfacedteensmokingchallenge

D.Aseriouspublic-healthissue—Thegovernmenttookbothrisksandopportunities

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:D

第4题:A

【解析】5.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干关键词“report”可以定位到第一段第二句AccordingtoanewreportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,theestimatednumberofmiddleandhighschoolstudentswhoaretobaccousersdroppedfrom4.7millionin2015to3.9millionin2016.（根据美国疾病控制与预防中心的一份最新报告显示，美国吸烟的中学生数量从2015年的470万下降到了2016年的390万。），说明美国吸烟的青少年减少了。因此C选项“最近经历了一次可喜的下降”正确。A选项“在2015至2016年间稍微下降”，由原文可知，从2015到2016年中学生吸烟数量下降了80万，不是小幅度下降，所以A错误。B选项“主要发生在小学”，与原文的middleandhighschoolstudents（初中和高中学生）不符，所以B错误。D选项“很大程度上与死亡率有关”在文中没有提及，所以D错误。

6.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】客观细节题。由题干可以定位到文章第三段第一、二句Withthesestatisticsinmind,therecentdeclineinteentobaccoande-cigaretteuseisanencouragingsignalthatinterventionsmaybeworking.Itisdifficulttodeterminecausation,butexpertshaveattributedthedroptoarangeoffederal,stateandlocalpoliciesdesignedtodissuadeyoungadultsfromusingtobacco,suchasincreasingtobaccotaxesandexpandingantismokingordinancestoincludee-cigarettesandothernewproducts.（考虑到这些数据，最近青少年吸烟和电子烟使用的减少是一个令人鼓舞的信号，表明干预措施可能正在起作用。很难确定其中的因果关系，但专家将其归因于联邦、州和地方政府一系列旨在劝阻年轻人吸烟的政策，比如提高烟草税，将反吸烟法令扩大到电子烟和其他新产品。），说明青少年吸烟率下降的原因是一系列旨在劝阻年轻人使用烟草的联邦、州和地方出台的政策。因此B选项“政府发布了各种各样的法律和政策来控制烟草的使用”正确。A选项“美国参议院通过了一项医疗法案来控制青少年吸烟”，由文章第一段第一句AmidthenationwidefurorovertheSenatedrafthealth-carebill,apublic-healthvictoryhasgonemostlyunnoticed.（在全国范围内对参议院医改法案草案的争论中，一场公共卫生的胜利却大多不为人知。）可知，参议院没有通过医疗法案来控制青少年吸烟，所以A错误。C选项“倡导者和官员非常努力地控制吸烟”，原文是说青少年吸烟数量下降对于那些致力于遏制青少年吸烟的倡导者和官员来说是一次成功，并不是说两者之间有因果关系，所以C错误。D选项“青少年越来越意识到吸烟会导致死亡”在文中没有提及，所以D错误。

7.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段最后一句ThismakesfederalregulationbytheFDAallthemoreimportant.（这使得美国食品药品监督管理局出台的联邦法规更加重要。），说明作者认为美国食品药品监督管理局应该承担更多遏制青少年吸烟的责任。因此D选项“可以制定禁止烟草使用的联邦法规的美国食品药品监督管理局”正确。A选项“学生上课的中学”，B选项“提出关于青少年吸烟报告的美国疾病控制与预防中心”，C选项“组织反青少年吸烟运动的社会媒体”均不符合题意，所以A，B，C错误。

8.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】主旨大意题。由全文可知，文章主要介绍美国青少年吸烟数量有所下降，但是最后两段重点揭示了控制青少年吸烟还会遇到很多挑战，尤其是美国食品药品监督管理局推迟了对电子烟和雪茄的新规定的执行，这将会削弱已经取得的进步。因此A选项“青少年吸烟数量下降——美国食品药品监督管理局的延期可能会削弱已经取得的进步”正确。B选项“公共卫生的胜利——美国疾病控制与预防中心有关青少年吸烟的报告表现出了希望”，由原文可知报告更多强调了未来的挑战，所以B错误。C选项“重要差异——美国各州和社区面临着青少年吸烟的挑战”，原文没有提及重大差异，所以C错误。D选项“严重的公共卫生问题——政府接受了风险和机遇”，没有涉及原文的关键词teensmoking（青少年吸烟），不能概括文章主要内容，所以D错误。

6.单选题

TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving（）forthestatesandlibertyforindividuals.

问题1选项

A.autonomy

B.dignity

C.monopoly

D.stability

【答案】A

【解析】autonomy自治；dignity尊严,

高贵；monopoly垄断；stability稳定性。句意：撰写美国国家宪法的人试图建立一个高效的国家政府,

即能保证各个州的自治,

又能保证个人的自由。选项A符合句意。

7.单选题

Iwas（）bytheirkindnessandmovedtotears.

问题1选项

A.preoccupied

B.embarrassed

C.overwhelmed

D.counseled

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项preoccupied“使全神贯注，抢先占有”；B选项embarrassed“使困窘”；C选项overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”；D选项counseled“被劝告”。句意：我被他们的善良（），感动得流下眼泪。overwhelmed“（情感）难以承受”和带有情绪色彩的movetotear搭配使句子通顺。因此C选项正确。

8.单选题

Sometimesthetensionproducedbyfearsissogreatthatwecannotsuppressit.Atsuchtimesweneedto_____thetensionbylaughingorcrying.

问题1选项

A.discard

B.disperse

C.disguise

D.discharge

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项discardv.抛弃，丢弃；B选项dispersev.分散，使散开，传播；C选项disguisev.掩饰，假装；D选项dischargev.排放，释放，卸货。根据句意可知，有时恐惧造成的紧张，我们无法自行克制，这时就需要哭泣或者怒吼来释放压力。因此，正确答案为D。

9.单选题

Asweareonthepointofsomeimportantbusinesswiththem,weshouldliketoknowexactlyabouttheircredit（

）.

问题1选项

A.transmitting

B.transferring

C.transacting

D.transporting

【答案】C

【解析】考查形近词辨析。A选项transmit“传送，输送，发射”；B选项transfer“转移，搬迁，调动”；C选项transact“（与人或组织

）做业务，做交易”；D选项transport“运送，运输”。由credit（信用）可知C选项符合语境，credittransacting表示“信用交易”。句意：由于我们正与他们进行一些重要的交易，我们想确切地了解他们的信用交易情况。

10.填空题

SincecompetitionisseenasthemajorsourceofprogressandprosperitybymostAmericans,competitivebusinessinstitutionsarerespected.Competitionisnotonlygoodinitself,itisthemeans

whichotherbasicAmericanvaluessuch

A

B

C

D

asindividualfreedom,equalityofopportunity,andhardworkareprotected.

【答案】Dwhich改为bywhich

【解析】【考查点】从句。

【解题思路】D部分到句子结尾是修饰means的定语从句，means为事物，引导词用which，结合短语bymeans，确定bywhich正确。

【句意】由于竞争被大多数美国人视为进步和繁荣的主要来源，具有竞争力的商业机构受到尊重。竞争不仅本身有好处，它还是一种维护其他美国价值观的方式，如个人自由、机会均等、勤奋工作等。

11.翻译题

亚洲是地球上最大的洲，面积占世界陆地近百分之三十，人口约占世界总人口的百分之六十。亚洲有巨大的市场需求潜力和坚实的发展基础。它还富有自然和人力资源。它有悠久的历史和文化。亚洲的多元文化生机勃勃，促进了它的发展。目前，世界正步入多元化的进程，经济全球化日益突出。这给亚洲提供了新的机遇，同时也使它面临着挑战。

【答案】Asiaisthelargestcontinentonearth,withnearly30percentoftheworldlandareaand60percentoftheworldpopulation.Asiahasahugemarketwithbigpotentialandasolidfoundationfordevelopment.Itisalsorichinnaturalandhumanresources.Ithasalonghistoryandculture.ThediversityofculturesinAsiaisaliveandhascontributedtoitsdevelopment.Atpresent,theworldisenteringtheprocessofdiversification,andeconomicglobalizationisincreasinglyprominent,whichpresentsAsiawithnewopportunitiesaswellaschallenges.

12.单选题

Comicartcanbe,andoftenis,deadlyserious,atwhichpointitis___difficulttocategorizeit.

问题1选项

A.awfully

B.indicatively

C.crucially

D.ultimately

【答案】A

【解析】考查副词词义辨析。A选项awfully“可怕地；十分；非常；很”；B选项indicatively“指示地，表示地；象征地；陈述地”；C选项crucially“关键地；至关重要地”；D选项ultimately“最后；根本；基本上”。句意：喜剧艺术可以是，而且往往是极度的严肃，在这一点上很难对它进行分类。结合此处语境，A为正确答案。

13.单选题

Animportantfactorindetermininghowwellyouperforminanexaminationisthe（）ofyourmind.

问题1选项

A.state

B.case

C.situation

D.circumstance

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项state“状态”；B选项case“案例”；C选项situation“情况”；D选项circumstance“状况”。句意：决定你在考试中表现如何的一个重要因素是你的心态。本句表示思想的状态，只能和state搭配，因此A选项正确。

14.单选题

FilmCriticMarkAdamslooksbackoverthelasttenyearsofhisworkasafilmcriticforanewspapercalledTheFrontPageWritingarticlesaboutfilmsforTheFrontPagewasmyfirstproperjoB.BeforethenIhaddonebitsofreviewing—novelsforothernewspapers,filmsforamagazineandanythingIwasaskedtodofortheradio.ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.Hehiredme,butTomwasnotprimarilyajournalist,orhewouldcertainlyhavebeenmorecarefulinchoosinghisstaff.

Atfirst,hisideawasthatateamofcriticsshouldtakecareoftheartformsthatdidn'trequirespecializedknowledge:books,TV,theatre,filmandradio.TherewouldbeaweeklylunchatwhichwewouldmakeourchoicesfromtheartisticmaterialthatTomhaddecidedweshouldcover,thoughtherewouldalsobegueststomaketheatmospheresociable.

Itallfeltlikeabitofadreamatthattime:anewnewspaper,andIwasoneoftheteam.Itseemedsounlikelythatapapercouldbeintroducedintoacrowdedmarket.Itseemedjustaslikelythatamillionairewantedtohelpmepersonally,andwaspretendingtoemployme.Suchwasmylackofself-confidence.Infact,thefirsttimeIsawsomeonereadingthenewspaperontheLondonunderground,thenturningtoapageonwhichoneofmyreviewsappeared,Ididn'tknowwheretolook.

Tom'soriginalschemeforateamofcriticsfortheartsnevertookoff.Itwasagoodidea,butwedidn'tgettogetherasplannedandsoeverythingwasdonebyphone.Itturnedout,too,thatthegeneralpublicouttherepreferredtoassociateareviewerwithasinglesubjectarea,andsoIchosefilm.WithoutTom'sinitialpush,though,wewouldhardlyhavecomeupwiththepresentarrangement,bywhichIwriteanextendedweeklypiece,usuallyononefilm.

TheLuxuryofthiswayofworkingsuitsmewell.Iwouldn'thavebeeninterestedinthemorestandardfilmcritic'srole,whichinvolvesconsideringeveryfilmthatcomesout.That'saroutinethatwouldmakemestaleinnotimeatall.IwouldsoonbesinkingintomyseatonaMondaymorningwiththesigh,“WhatinsultingrubbishmustIsitthroughnow?”—astyleofsighthatcanoftenbeheardinscreeningroomsaroundtheworld.

1.WhatdowelearnaboutTomSeatonfromthefirstparagraph?

2.Aweeklylunchwasarrangedforcriticsto___.

3.WhenMarkstartedworkingforTheFrontPage,he___.

4.Intheend,theorganizationoftheteamwasinfluencedby___.

5.Marktakesthenewwayofworkingas“luxury”(paragraph5)because___.

问题1选项

A.HeencouragedMarktobecomeawriter

B.Hehadworkedinvariousareasofthemedia

C.HemetMarkwhenworkingfortelevision

D.Hepreferstoemploypeoplethathemeetssomewhere

问题2选项

A.gettoknoweachother

B.exchangeinformation

C.takeworksfornewcriticism

D.entertainoccasionalvisitors

问题3选项

A.doubtedthepaperwouldsucceed

B.wasembarrassedatbeingrecognized

C.feltitneededimprovement

D.wassurprisedtoearnsomuch

问题4选项

A.thereaders'preference

B.theavailabilityofwriters

C.thepressureoftime

D.thepopularityofsubjects

问题5选项

A.itenableshimtoplayhisrole

B.itenableshimtomakeachoice

C.itenableshimtoseetheworld

D.itenableshimtoseealotoffilms

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键字thefirstparagraph可以定位到文章首段“ThatwashowImetTomSeaton,thefirstartseditorofTheFrontPagewhohadalsowrittenfortelevision.”中文翻译为：我就是这样认识了汤姆•西顿(TomSeaton)的，他是《纽约时报》头版的第一位艺术编辑，同时也为电视撰稿。可以判断只有C项“他在为电视台工作时遇到了马克”正确。

2.细节事实题。由题干关键字Aweeklylu