外研版（2019）高考英语一轮复习课时练习29：选择性必修2 Unit 5　A delicate world(含解析)

课时质量评价(二十九)选择性必修第二册Unit5AdelicateworldA组·基础巩固Ⅰ.语法填空AAUCKLAND,NewZealand,Jan.5(Xinhua)—TheheavysmokefromdevastatingAustralianbushfirescloaked(笼罩)Auckland,1.________(turn)thecity'sskylineintostrange,mysteriousandfrighteningorangecolour2.________Sundayafternoon.NewZealandmeteorologyserviceMetServiceforecastthat3.________upperleveljetofwesterlywindswasdrivingthesmokeacrosstheTasmanSeatowardsNewZealand.Thesmoke4.________(expect)toarriveSundayeveningandwaslikelytobe5.________(large)gonebythemorning.ItisthesecondlayerofsmokecomingfromtheAustralianbushfires,6.________iscloakingtheNorthIslandandupperpartsoftheSouthIsland.MuchoftheSouthIsland7.________(awake)toreddish­brownskiesonNewYear'sDaybeforethesmokespreadtotheNorthMetServicesaiditispossible8.________peoplewouldbeabletosmellandtastethesmoke.However,long­lastinghealth9.________(effect)arenotexpected.OnFriday,theNewZealandgovernmentpledged(承诺)twentytwo10.________(many)firefighterstohelpfighttheAustralianbushfires.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了1月5日澳大利亚热带丛林大火的情况。1.turning考查非谓语动词。________(turn)thecity's...在句中作结果状语，主语theheavysmoke与turn之间是主动关系，故填turning。2.on考查介词。表示在具体的某一天早上，上、下午用介词on，故填on。3.an考查冠词。“upperleveljetofwesterlywinds”泛指一股高空西风急流，且upper以元音音素开头，故填an。4.wasexpected考查动词的时态。主语thesmoke和谓语动词expect之间为被动关系，且根据语境可知，本句时态为一般过去时，故填wasexpected。5.largely考查副词。large在句中作状语，修饰动词gone，故填largely。6.which考查非限制性定语从句。句中先行词为thesecondlayerofsmoke，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填which。7.awoke考查动词的时态。根据onNewYear'sDay可知应用一般过去时，故填awoke。8.that考查连接词。Itispossiblethat...为主语从句，表示“……是有可能的”。从句句意和句子成分完整，所以连接词为that。故填that。9.effects考查名词的单复数。effect表示“效果”时，为可数名词，根据系动词are可知，主语应为复数形式，故填effects.10.more考查比较级。“基数词＋more＋名词”表示在一定基础上再增加一定的数量，故填more。BResearchersinChinahaveexplainedwhybasking(沐浴)inthesuncanmakepeoplesmart.Itisknowntoeverybodythatthesunisveryimportantandnothingintheworldcansurvive1.________it.Sciencehasalreadyprovedthatsunnydayscanhelp2.________(strong)aperson'smood,intelligenceandmemory.AteamattheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChinainHefei,AnhuiProvincediscoversthatUVlight,anelementofsunshine,makesachangeinthebrainthatcanmakeTestsonmiceshowthatmoodsandlearningcanbeimprovedduetoenoughexposuretoUVlight,accordingtoXiongWei,4.________professorattheuniversity'sSchoolofLifeScienceswholedthestudy.Hesaysthatmice5.________(expose)toUVlight,whichisequalto20to30minutesofmiddaysuninFloridainsummer.ExposuretoUVlight6.________(increase)thelevelofasubstanceinblood,whichreactswithbraincells7.________(promote)functionssuchaslearningandmemory.Xiongsayspreviousresearchhas8.________(actual)foundthatthissubstancewillchangeinourbodyanddogoodtoour9.________(fit),butthisisthefirsttimethatithasbeenshowedthattheprocesscanhappeninthebrain,whichisafinding【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。安徽合肥中国科技大学的一个小组用小老鼠的试验证明了阳光中的紫外线能在大脑中产生一种变化，使得我们变得更聪明。也就是说阳光普照的天气能让我们心情好、更聪明并且记忆力更好。1.without考查介词。空格处单词位于动词后，与it一起作状语，所以填介词。根据语境可知应为without，故填without。2.strengthen考查动词。根据语境可知，此处应为动词形式，故填strengthen。3.us考查人称代词。空格处单词位于make后作宾语，应用人称代词的宾格形式，故填us。4.a/one考查不定冠词或不定代词。空格处单词与professor一起作XiongWei的同位语，professor为可数名词，使用的是单数形式，所以空格处可以填表示“一个”的不定冠词或不定代词，professor是以辅音音素开头的，故填a/one。5.areexposed考查动词的时态和语态。本句是that引导的宾语从句，从句中缺少谓语。句子主语mice与expose之间是被动关系，所以应用被动语态。由says以及全文使用的一般现在时可知，从句部分也应用一般现在时。mice为复数形式，故填areexposed。6.increases考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本句是一个定语从句，主句缺少谓语。由于全文使用的一般现在时，所以这句话也应使用一般现在时。ExposuretoUVlight表达单数意义，故填increases。7.topromote考查不定式。根据句意可知，这种物质与脑细胞产生反应促进了学习和记忆功能，所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填topromote。8.actually考查副词。空格处单词修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，故填actually。9.fitness考查名词。空格处单词位于物主代词our后，应用名词形式。fit的名词形式为fitness，故填fitness。10.that考查定语从句。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句内又含有一个限制性定语从句。这个限制性定语从句的先行词为afinding，指物，并且其在从句中作主语，所以应使用关系词which或that。又因这个句子中已经有一个which，故填that。Ⅱ.根据提示补全句子1.正如报告所显示的，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。(as)Theairqualityinthecity,asisshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.2.他生来就有残疾，但他从不沮丧，也从未屈服于任何困难。(部分倒装)Hewasdisabledfrombirth，butheneverfeltfrustrated,nordidhegiveintoanydifficulty.3.开始你可能有些困难，如果是这样的话，请给我们打电话。(状语从句的省略)Youmayhavesomedifficultyatfirst.Ifso,pleaseringus.4.我想当然的认为你会跟我们在一起。(it作形式宾语)Itookitforgrantedthatyouwouldstaywithus．5.我的这些成就都应归功于我的同事以及朋友们的鼓励和帮助。(owe)Iowealltheachievementstotheencouragementandhelpfrommycolleaguesandfriends.B组·能力提升Ⅰ.阅读理解Flyinghasshrunktheworld!It'snowpossibletotravelaroundtheglobequicklyandeasily.Jumpingonaplaneandjettingoffonholidayorabusinesstripisthenormformanyofus,andwiththeriseofbudgetairlines,thenumberofpeopletakingtotheskiesisincreasing.Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.Climatechangeissomethingwe'reallawareofnow,andaviationcompaniesknowthatsomeoftheblameforthisisbeingpointedatthem.Lastyearairlineswereforecastedtouseabout97bngallonsofjetfuel.Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsandminimisingtheenvironmentaldamage.Recentdevelopmentshavefocusedonreducingtheamountoffuelairliners(大型客机)burn.MakingflyinggreenandsustainablewasthehottopicattherecentDubaiAirShow.Therewastalkofadvancesinenginetechnology,makingthemmoreefficient,andpossiblyusingbiofueltopoweraircraft.RiosGalvan,abioenergyexpertandprofessoratKhalifaUniversityinAbuDhabi,toldtheBBCthat“thesehavethecapacitytoreducethecarbonfootprintanywherebetween50­80percentwhenyoucomparethemtofuels”．AndPhilCurnock,chiefengineerofthecivilfutureprogrammeatRolls­Royce,alsosuggestedthatelectrichybridengines(混合动力发动机)couldplayapartforsmalleraircraft,coveringshorterdistances.Hesays,“itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon­neutralflightforalimitedrange.”Ofcourse,aircraftmanufacturersareconstantlylookingatwaystomaketheirplanesmorefuelefficient.Boeing'sDreamliner,forexample,isalreadyinoperationanduses25percentlessfuelperpassengercomparedwithaircraftofasimilarsize.Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics(空气动力学),changestowaysaircrafttaxi(滑行)onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.1.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph1?A.Theearthgetssmaller.B.Budgetairlinesbecomepopular.C.Flyingisfavouriteamongpassengers.D.Airtravelcandoharmtoenvironment.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“minimising”mean?A.Lowering.B.Consolidating.C.Weakening.D.Increasing.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.Boeing'sDreamlinerisagreenaircraft.B.Biofuelisanecessitytopowerairliners.C.Electrichybridengineshavetheirlimitations.D.Wayswillbefoundtoreducefuelconsumption.4.Howcanaircraftsbemademorefuelefficient?A.Bybetteringrunways.B.Bymakingsmalleraircrafts.C.Byusingthelightermaterials.D.Byusingaircraftaerodynamics.【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。虽然如今人们可以轻松快捷地环游世界，乘飞机旅行花费更少，但环境成本却在上升。在最近的迪拜航空展上，让飞行更加环保、更合乎可持续发展理念是一个热门话题。会议讨论了发动机技术的进步，发动机效率的提高，并可能使用生物燃料为飞机提供动力。文章还说明了一位生物能源专家RiosGalvan对生物燃料的看法以及首席工程师PhilCurnock对混合动力发动机的看法。1.D推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Butwhileairtraveliscostingusless,thecosttotheenvironmentisgoingup.”可推知，乘飞机旅行对环境有害。故选D。2.A词义猜测题。根据画线词前的内容“Butwhilewecouldthinktwiceabouttakingaflightinthefirstplace,particularlyashorttripthatcouldbemadebytrain,technologymightbetheanswertoreducingemissionsand”及and连接的前后两个动词为近义词可知，画线词的意思为“减少，降低”。故选A。3.C细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Hesays，‘itoffersthepossibilityofacarbon­neutralflightforalimitedrange.’”可知，油电混合动力引擎有其局限性。故选C。4.C细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Otherimprovementsincludebetteraircraftaerodynamics(空气动力学),changestowaysaircrafttaxi(滑行)onrunways,andtheuseoflightermaterials.”可知，使用较轻的材料可以使飞机更省油。故选C。Ⅱ.完形填空TheAdamsfamilyhomehasbeentakenoverbyorigami(折纸)inallsizesandshapes.Nooneseemsto1though.Thosepapercreationsare2cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives.Amessyhomeisasmallpricetopay3．In2011,IsabelleAdamsandhersisterKatherinelearnedthateveryfivesecondsachilddiedfrom4ofcleanwaterandthatgirlsoftheiragecouldn'tgotoschool5theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies.They6todosomething.“Sowetooksomethingthatweloveddoing—foldingorigami,withthe7goaltohelpfundawellinEthiopia，”explainsKatherine.8，theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmorethanthattofully9thecostofthewell.Katherine,now13,adds，“Itjustsnowballed,10thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater.”Ineightyears,thisprojecthas11morethan2milliondollarsforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries.Now,therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso12.Butattheheartofit,beneathcountlesspaperdecorationssittwoboldsistershopingto13othergirlsandboys.“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworldifthey'rejustgiventhechance，”Isabellesays,“andifpeople151.A.mind B.notice C.appreciate D.remember2.A.decorating B.rewarding C.attracting D.funding3.A.inexchange B.inturn C.inreturn D.inresponse4.A.pollution B.loss C.lack D.waste5.A.although B.because C.unless D.while6.A.hesitated B.decided C.happened D.demanded7.A.lifelong B.individual C.original D.critical8.A.Obviously B.Unexpectedly C.Suddenly D.Gradually9.A.spend B.fill C.offer D.cover10.A.tryingout B.dependingon C.contributingto D.appealingto11.A.saved B.borrowed C.earned D.collected12.A.involved B.praised C.recognised D.employed13.A.satisfy B.inspire C.inform D.comfort14.A.judgement B.sense C.difference D.connection15.A.support B.persuade C.welcome D.award【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了IsabelleAdams和KatherineAdams通过折纸来为挖水井募集资金。家里的其他成员在她们的带动下也加入了这一行动，Katherine说只要给予孩子们机会和支持，他们就能影响世界。1.A结合下文Adams一家帮助缺水儿童的行为可知，她们对于在家折纸这件事并不介意。故选A。2.D根据下文中的“cleanwaterprojectsaroundtheworldandsavinglives”可知，这些纸制品正在资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选D。3.A因为折纸而凌乱的家换来的是这些折纸资助世界各地的清洁水项目，拯救生命。故选A。4.C根据下文中的“theywerefetchingwateralldayfortheirfamilies”可知，是缺乏清洁水。故选C。5.B本句为原因状语从句，表示“因为”。故选B。6.B根据上文可知，她们了解了缺水儿童的情况后，决定用折纸来帮助他们。故选B。7.C根据上文可知，姐妹二人了解了缺水儿童的情况后，最初的目标就是为了资助他们一口水井。故选C。8.B根据下文中的“theyendedupsellingoutandraisingfarmore”可知，出乎意料的是，她们最终卖光了折纸。故选B。9.D根据上文中的“raisingfarmorethanthattofully”可知，筹集到的资金足以完全涵盖了水井的花费。故选D。10.C根据下文中的“thefoundingoftheprojectPaperforWater”可知，Katherine和Isabelle的行为为PaperforWater项目的建立做出了贡献。故选C。11.D根据下文中的“morethan2milliondollarsforover200waterprojectsin20differentcountries”可知，是指为20个不同国家的200多个水利项目筹集了200多万美元。故选D。12.A根据上文中的“therestoftheAdamsfamilyarealso”可知，Adams家族的其他成员也参与其中。故选A。13.B根据下文中的“Kidshaveanincredibleabilitytomakeareal14totheworld”可知，两姐妹希望用自己的行动来激励其他人。故选B。14.Cmakeadifference意为“有影响，有关系”，为固定短语。故选C。15.A根据上文中的“ifthey'rejustgiventhechance”可知，只要孩子们被给予机会和被人们所支持，他们就能影响世界。故选A。Ⅲ.语法填空TraditionalEarthenBuildingsListedasaWorldCulturalHeritagein2008,tulouorearthenbuildingsareuniqueruraldwellings(住宅)inthe1.________(mountain)areaineastChina'sFujianProvince.Thebuildings2.________(appear)intheSongandYuandynasties,andtook3.________(they)currentshapesintheMingandQingdynasties.SomeoftheHakkaandHoklopeoplestillliveinthetulou.Thebuildingswere4.________(original)forHakkafamiliestolivetogetheranddefend5.________theinvaders.Theyevolvedfromlocalmountaincamps,mostof6.________tookacircularstructure.Mostoftheearthenbuildingshavebeendevelopedsinceitwas