2021届广东省广州市普通高中毕业班英语综合测试卷(二)

2021年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(二)英语8120120:2B铅(B)始。作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦千净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案：不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。第二部分阅读（,满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）AB、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ACHAMBORDCASTLE,LOIR-ET-CHER,FRANCBAremarkableexampleofclassicalFrencharchitecture,ChambordCastleisthelargestcastleintheLoireValleyofFrance.Builtin1519asahuntinglodgetheroyalcourt,thebuildingwasrarelylivedin.Thereareonehundredrooms(of440)opentothepublicanddozensofstaircases,includingonesaidtohavebeendesignedbyLeonardodaVinci.Thesurrounding21-square-milenatureparkentertainswithhikingandbikingroutesandboatrentals.LEEDSGASTLE,KENT,UNITEDKINGDOMSituatedontwoislandsinthemiddleofalake,LeedsCastleprovidesagrandandromanticexperience.Ithasservedasaroyalresidenceformostofits900-yearhistory.The500-acreEnglishcastlenowhostsyear-roundculturalevents,withthreerestaurants,abed-and-breakfastandayewtreemaze.MOSZNACASTLE,POLANDMosznaCastlewasoriginallydesignedinBaroquestyleinthe17thcentury,butthelateradditionofaneo-gothicbroughtHogwartsappealtothecastle,especiallyatnightwhenits99towersandglowingwindowstwinkleintheoutdoorreflectingpool.Nowadays,artexhibitsandindoorconcertsattractvisitorstothe365-roomcastle.BRANCASTLE,BRASOVROMANIABranCastleoriginallydatesbacktotheyear1212andismistakenlybelievedbethehomeinBramTheauthornevervisitedhisfortresscommonlyknownasCastle,butitstillattractsliteraturefanstoitsweakly-lithallwaysfornightoursandanannualHalloweenparty.WhatcanvisitorstoChambordCastledo?Huntinthenaturepark.GoboatingwithfriendsLiveinanyofitsrooms.Admiredapaintings.Visitorsinterestedinbeautifulnight-timeviewscangoto .A.CHAMBORDCASTLE B.LEEDSCASTLEC.MOSZNACASTLE DBRANCASTLEWhichcastlehasthelongesthistory?A.CHAMBORDCASTLE. B.LEEDSCASTLE.C.MOSZNACASTLE D.BRANCASTLE.BTouriststotheNorthAntrimCoastcomeforitsbreathtakingbeauty.Onthisstretchofcoastmythandhistorylivesidebysideandrunningoutofthingstodoisnearimpossible:GiantsCauseway,Carrick-a-rede,theIron-isles’filminglocations…However,whenImakemywaytothenorthofthecountryinOctober,noneof themaremymind.WhatbringsmetothecoastaltownofPortrusharethewaves.Locatedonapeninsula,Portrushishometothreebrilliantbeachesandalltheusualpointsofinterestofacoastaltown.ButwhatmakestheNorthAntrimCoastsospecialisthepromiseoftheconsistentwaveshittingitsshores.Althoughstillrelativelyunknown,it’sasurfer’sdreamdestination.Thisisthehomeofsix-timeIrishnationalsurfingchampion,AndrewHill,afterall.ImeetAndrewathissurfshop,themostpopularinPortrush.AfterhiringasurfboardandjumpinginthewateratWestStrand,Iquicklyrealisethatmytrustedwetsuitisnotenough.Withinjust30minutes,I’velostallfeelinginmyfeetandhands,andmyearsareburning.Iretreattoanearbycafeandgulpdownsteamingteabeforepoppingbyshopagain.SurfbootsarewhatIneed,wedecide.IleavewithanewdeterminationtomastertheicyAtlanticwaves.invitedtosurfadifferentspotwithAndrewandhisfriendthatafternoon,butIdeclinehisgenerousoffer.Myheadissetononethingonly:takingrevengeonthesamewavesthatalmostturnedmeintoaniceblockthatverymorning.Evenwithboots,surfingthecoldwatersofPortrushleavesmyfeetpurple.Ibecomecoveredinbruisesthatdon’tregisteruntilIthawout（解冻）eachnight,andittakesacoupleofdaystofullyregainfeelinginmyhands.Butworthit,andIwouldgladlydoitalloveragain.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inparagraph2referto?A.Thepopularattractions.B.Coastaltowns.C.Thefilminglocations.D.Passionatetourists.WhyistheauthorattractedtotheNorthAntrimCoast?A.Ithasinternationallyfamousbeaches.BIt’shometotheusualseasideinterests.C.Itproducesexcellentwavesforsurfing.D.It’sthehometownofasurfingchampion.Theauthorgoesbacktothesurfshopto .betterequiphimselfforthechallengeconsultwithsomeexperiencedsurfersaccompanytheowneronalatersurftripquicklywarmhimselfupwithsomehotteaWhatisthetoneofthepassage?A.Narrativeandserious B.Persuasive-andcriticalC.DescriptiveandpositiveDInformativeandobjectiveCWhentheChinese航天器returnedtoEarthonDecember17,2020,itbroughtbacksomethingnotseenonourplanetsincethe1970s:moonrocksamples.Thispreciouscargo,collectedbyChangroboticresearchvehicleinthenorthwestregionofthelunarnearside,isnowbeingstudiedbyscientistsinBeijing.ThesuccessofthelatestChinesespacemissionalsoshowcasedtechnologythatmaybeusedinfutureyearstocreatehumansettlementsonnearneighbour.Thereturnedlunarsampleswill“absolutelyaddnewknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon,particularlyitsvolcanoes,”saysXiaoLong,aplanetaryscientistatChinaUniversityofGeosciences.TherockssentbackbyChang’e-5“willaskustorethinkaboutwhyandhowthemoon’svolcanichistorylastedthislong”,hesays.TheChang’e-5missionwasmorethanjustatriptocollectmoonrocks.Itwasalsothelateststageofalong,plannedsequenceofroboticlunarexplorationsbyChinathathavegrownevermorescientificallyadvanced.Theprogrambeganwiththe2007launchofChang’e-1andChang’e-2threeyearslater.ThesecraftcircledthemooncollectingdatausedtohelpguideChang’e-3andChang’e-4,thefirstChinesespacecrafttolandonthemoonsurface,andtodirecttheirroboticvehicles.TherobotonChang’e-5wasabletocollectrockandsoilsamplesandreturnthemtoEarth.Inthenearfuture,anidenticalspacecraftcalledChang’e-6willattemptasample-returnmissionfromthemoonssouthpole—anareaofintensescientificinterest—giventhelargeamountofwatericepresent.ThemoreadvancedChang’e-7andChang’e-8spacecraftarealsoplannedtolandnearthesouthpoletocarryoutanalysisoftheregionandtestnewtechnologies,includingdetectingandobtainingmaterialsthatcouldbeusefultofuturehumanexplorers,suchaswaterandhydrogen,andtesting3-Dprintingonthelunarsurface.Thelong-termaimoftheChang’eprogramistoestablishanInternationalLunarResearchStationaround2030tosupportroboticand,eventually,crewedmissions.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?TherecentvolcanicactivitiesThesignificanceofthemoonrocksamples.Newknowledgeofthehistoryofthemoon.Furtherstudiesofthereturnedlunarsamples.WhatdistinguishesthemissionoffromthatofChang’e-5?ThetechnologytheyuseThetimetheyspendonthemoonThespecificlocationstheyexplore.Theamountofmaterialtheybringback.Chang’e-7andChang’e-8spacemissionsaremainlyintendedto .transportresearcherstothemoonstationbuildupanInternationalLunarResearchStationcollectdatanecessarytoguidemoon-landingspacecraftDfindandtestresourcesandmeanstosupportlivingonthemoonWhichofthefollowingbestsummarizestheChanespaceprogram?Aprojecttostudythesurfaceofthemoon.Aplantoimprovehumansettlementsonthemoon.Asetofexperimentstotestthepossibilityofmannedspacecraft.Aseriesofincreasinglychallengingscientificlunarexplorations.DWhatmakespeoplesospecial?Tooluse,self-consciousness,language,andculturearehighonthelist,butinfactallofthesecharacteristicscanbefoundelsewhereintheanimalkingdom.Humansandapesarecloserelatives,soitisperhapsnotsurprisingthatchimpanzeesusetoolsorthatgorillas(大猩猩haveasenseoffairplay,evenrejectingcarrots(whichtheynormallyaccept)whentheyseetheirneighborsgettinggrapes.Butthequalitiesthatweoftenthinkofasuniquelyhumanexistnotjustonland,butintheoceanaswell.Amongtheinvertebrates,octopuses（八爪鱼areknownfortheirintelligence,evenexhibitingevidenceofplayfulness,tooluse,andpersonality.Buttheseskilledpredatorslivealoneandconsequentlylackculture.Dolphins,ontheotherhand,arelargebrained,long-living,social-group-basedpredators,anditisherethatwefindthegreatestsimilaritytohuman-likecultureandawareness.Culturedependsontheabilityofanimalstopassonthingstheyhavelearnedtoothers.Manyanimalshavecultureinthissense,butwhatsetsdolphinsapartiswhattheypasson.Somebottlenosedolphinsholdspongesintheirmouthsthattheyuseastoolstosweepforfishhidingontheoceanfloor.Thisabilityishandeddownthroughgenerations(especiallyinfemales),withsomefamilies—grandmother,mother,anddaughter—allfeedinginthishighlyspecializedway.Anothercharacteristicthatdolphinssharewithhumansistheirabilitytorecognizethemselvesinamirror.Whenfacingamirror,mostanimalsbehaveasthoughtheyareinteractingwithanotherindividual.Eveninhumans,theabilitytorecognizethattheimageinamirror isoneselfdoesnotoccurbeforetheageof18months.Dolphinsnotonlyrecognizethemselves,butifablackmarkisputonthebodyofadolphin,itwillspendextratimeatthemirrortolookatthemark.Theexampleofgorillasrejectingcarrotsshowsthey .A.arenoteasytofool B.preferfruitstovegetablesC.haveaspecialtasteforfood DhaveanawarenessofequalityWhatdooctopuseslackcomparedwithdolphins?A.Socialinteraction.B.IntelligenceC.Toolusingability. D.Fun-lovingspirits.Whatmakesdolphinculturespecial?Theytendtohuntingroups.Theirhuntingskillsarepasseddown.Theirlearningenvironmentisfavourable.Theirfamiliesaretypicallyfemale-controlled.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?Dolphinsenjoylookingattheirownreflectioninthemirror.Dolphinsareasintelligentasatypical18-month-oldhumanbaby.Dolphinsaregenerallyregardedasthemostadvancednon-humanspecies.Dolphins’abilitytorecognizetheirownreflectionisahigher-ordermentalskill.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分,满分12.5分）,多余选项。Criticalthinkingismakinganefforttoimprovethewayyouthink.36weusethisprocesstosolveproblems,makeargumentsandevaluateclaims.importantinjustabouteveryareaoflife.Mostofourthinkingisnotcriticalthinking.Wedon’tneedtomakemanyjudgmentstotraveltoworkorcookdinner. 37 Criticalthinkingcansaveusfromblindlymakingpoorchoices.Sohowcanyouimproveyourcriticalthinkingskills?Youneedtopractise.Therearemanywaysofdoingthat.Hereareafew:38 Lookatarticlesorbookswrittenbypeopleonallsidesoftheissue.Foreachsource,evaluatetheargument:Whatclaimisitmaking?Whatreasonsdoesitgive?Arereasonslogical?Whenyouseeorhearaclaim,askquestionsaboutit.Whoismakingtheclaimandwhy?Whatistheclaimantsbackgroundandhowdoesthismotivatetheiropinion?Evaluateyourownthinking.Wheredoyoutendtonotthinkcritically?Whydon’tyou?Howcanyouimprove?Questionthingsyouassume.Whatclaimsdoyouacceptwithoutknowingthereasonsforthem? 39 Trytofindoutwhatothersbelieveaboutthatclaimandwhy.Asyougrowincriticalthinking,becomeawiserandmorethoughtfulperson 40Sticktoyourclaim.Readaboutatopicpeopledisagreeon.Whenyouthinkofone,dosomeresearch.analyzingfactsseparatelysoyoucanmakedecisions.Anditmayhelpyoutosucceedatworkorschoolaswell.onlyuseitifwemakeaconsciousefforttoaskquestionsaboutwhatwesee.Butwhenaproblemcomesourway,weneedtothinkcriticallytodecidehowtosolveit.第三部分语言运用（共两节,满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。Afamoustheoristoncesaid,“Idon’tdividetheworldintotheweakandthestrong,orthesuccessesandthefailures...Idividetheworldintothelearnersandthenon-learners.Whatonearthwouldmakesomeoneanon-learner?Everyoneisbornwithanintense 41tolearn.Babiesrisetothelearningchallengedaily.Notjustfor 42 tasks,butthemostdifficultonesofalifetime,likelearningtowalkandtalk.Theyneverdecideitstoohardornotworththe 43 .Babiesdon’tworryaboutmakingmistakes 44 themselves.Theytheyfall,they 45 .Whatputsanendtothisfearlesslearning?Afixedmindset.Assoonaschildrenbecomeabletoevaluatethemselves,someofthembecome 46 ofchallenges.Theyworryaboutnotbeing 47 .Myresearchteamhavestudiedthousandsofpeoplefrompreschoolerson,andit’sbreathtakinghowmany 48 anopportunitytolearn.Weofferedfour-year-oldsa 49 :theycouldredoaneasyJigsa（拼图ortryaharderone.Evenatthisyoungage,childrenwithafixedmindsetstuckwiththe 50one.believesmartkidsmake51.Childrenwithagrowthmindset,however,thoughtitwasa52choice.Whywouldanyonewanttokeepdoingthesamepuzzle53?Theychoseincreasinglydifficultonesinstead.Believingthatsuccessisaboutlearning,childrenwithagrowthmindsetseizedthechance.Butthosewithafixedmindsetwanttoexposetheir54.Thisishowafixedmindsetmakespeopleinto55.A.fearB.driveCcompetitionD.concentrationAcrucial Bmental Cordinary D.particularA.attention B.effort C.interest D.timeA.confusing Bbehaving Cpunishing D.hurtingA.getup Bgiveup Cshowup D.shutupA.afraid B.ashamed C.confident D.ignorantA.adorable B.curious C.modest D.smartA.seize B.ruin C.reject D.requireA.lesson B.choice C.gift D.gameA.challenging B.interesting C.new D.simpleA.decisions B.jigsaws C.mistakes D.predictionsA.strange Bpromising C.profitable D.difficultA.repeatedly Bunwillingly Cautomatically DproperlyA.secrets Bthoughts Cpreferences D.weaknessesA.theorists Bperfectionists C.non-learners D.risk-takers第二节(共10小题:每小题15分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Theglassharpisoneofthemostextraordinaryinstrumentsintheworld.Itevenappeartobe56instrumentatfirstglance,anditisnactuallyaharpatall.Instead,itjustasetofglassesonatable.Theglassesareofdifferentsizesandsomearefilledwithwater.57 (play)theglassharp,performerswetandrubtheirfingersalongthetopsofglasses.Eachglasswillthenproduceahigh 58 lowsound,dependingonitsshapeandhowmuchwaterit 59 (contain).Manypeoplethinkthesound 60 (create)isdelightful,likemusicyouwouldhearinheaven.amysterywhoinventedtheglassharp.SomesayitfirstappearedinChine,whileotherssayPersia,butitwasinEurope 61 itbecamethemostpopular.Bythe1700s (Europe)glassharpmasterscouldplayworksbyMozartandBeethovenontheinstrument.Thisloveforglassharpslastlong,however,aspeoplelostinterest 63 awhile.Glassharpshaven’tentirelydisappeared,though.Youcanstillfindsomestreet64(music)playingthemtoentertainlargecrowds.Ifluckyenoughtocatchsuchaperformance,sitback,relax,andenjoythebeautifulsoundsofthis65(usual)instrument.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）为迎接国外姐妹学校来访师生，学校准备选拔“文化交流小使者(YoungAmbassadorforculturalExchange)”，你打算参加。请写一份共语竞选演讲稿，内容包括：自我介绍；注意：80左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Goodmorning,dearjudges.I’mCandidateNo.I…第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。AramandRossi’sBakeryWalkingalongthenarrowbricksidewalk,Aramtookadeepbreath.Theairsmelledoflemonsandbakedbreadandcoffee,comingfromRossi’sItalianBakery.Hewasalmostthere.Armstillcouldn’tbelievehisluck.Allhisfriendswereworkingboringsummerjobs—washingtablesandbabysitting.Andherehewas,abouttostartasanactualb