(新高考)高考英语一轮复习讲义 教材知识解读 必修第2册　Unit 1　Cultural Heritage (含答案)

教材词汇要记牢Ⅰ.阅读单词——我会认1．heritagen．遗产(指国家或社会长期形成的历史、传统和特色)2．templen．庙；寺3．relicn．遗物；遗迹4．cluen．线索；提示5．cypressn．柏树6．damn．水坝；拦河坝7．committeen．委员会8．fundn．基金；专款9．documentn．文件；公文；(计算机)文档vt.记录；记载(详情)10．republicn．共和国11．archaeologistn．考古学家12．pyramidn．(古埃及的)金字塔；棱锥体13．sheetn．一张(纸)；床单；被单14．chiwenn．鸱吻15．digitaladj.数码的；数字显示的16．imagen．形象；印象17．caven．山洞；洞穴18．historicadj.历史上著名(或重要)的；有史时期的19．quotevt.引用20．paraphrasen．，vi.&vt.(用更容易理解的文字)解释21．comparisonn．比较；相比22．contrastn．对比；对照vt.对比；对照23．identifyvt.确认；认出；找到24．theNile尼罗河25．Egypt埃及(国家名)26．Egyptianadj.埃及的27．UNESCOabbr.联合国教科文组织28．Moscow莫斯科(俄罗斯首都)Ⅱ.重点单词——我会写1．mountn．山峰vt.爬上；骑上vi.爬；登上2．formeradj.以前的；(两者中)前者的3．preservevt.保存；保护；维持n．保护区4．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级5．appn．应用程序；应用软件(application的缩略形式)6．balancen．平衡；均匀vt.使平衡7．likelyadj.可能的adv.可能地8．departmentn．部；司；科9．withinprep.&adv.在(某段时间、距离或范围)之内10．issuen．重要议题；争论的问题vt.宣布；公布11．conductn．行为；举止；管理方法vt.组织；安排；带领12．attemptn．&vt.企图；试图；尝试13．worthwhileadj.值得做的；值得花时间的14．downloadvt.下载n．下载；已下载的数据资料15．entrancen．入口；进入16．processn．过程；进程；步骤vt.处理；加工17．overseasadj.海外的adv.在海外18．exitn．出口；通道vi.&vt.出去；离去19．paraden．游行；检阅vi.游行庆祝；游行示威20．mirrorn．镜子21．roofn．顶部；屋顶22．dragonn．龙23．forgivevt.&vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅24．qualityn．质量；品质；素质；特征adj.优质的；高质量的25．furtheradv.(far的比较级)更远；进一步26．opinionn．意见；想法；看法27．foreveradv.永远；长久地Ⅲ.拓展单词——我会变1．creativelyadv.创造性地；有创造力地→creativeadj.创造性的；有创造力的；有创意的→createvt.创造→creativityn．创造性；创造力2．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级→promotionn．提升；推销；晋级3．applicationn．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)→applyvt.&vi.申请；应用→applicantn．申请人4．proposaln．提议；建议→proposevt.提议；建议5．establishvt.建立；创立→establishmentn．建立；创立6．limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的；受限制的→limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的7．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→preventionn．防止；预防→preventiveadj.预防性的；防备的8．lossn．丧失；损失→losevt.丢失→lostadj.迷路的；失去的9．contributionn．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contributevi.&vt.捐献；捐助10．donatevt.(尤指向慈善机构)捐赠；赠送；献(血)→donationn．捐赠；赠送→donorn．捐赠者；捐赠人11．disappearvi.消失；灭绝；消亡→disappearancen．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外表12．professionaladj.专业的；职业的n．专业人员；职业选手→professionn．专业；职业→professorn．教授13．traditionn．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditionaladj.传统的14．comparisonn．比较；相比→comparevt.&vi.与……相比较Ⅳ.核心短语1．takepartin参与(某事)；参加(某活动)2．givewayto让步；屈服3．keepbalance保持平衡4．leadto导致5．makeaproposal提出建议6．turnto向……求助7．prevent...from...阻止；不准8．donate...to...向……捐赠……9．makesure确保；设法保证10．allovertheworld在世界各地11．theForbiddenCity紫禁城高频词汇来助力1．averageadj.平均的；普通的n．平均数2．awfuladj.可怕的3．awkwardadj.尴尬的；笨拙的4．bacterium(复bacteria)n．细菌5．baggagen．行李6．bareadj.空的；赤裸的7．bargainn．(经讨价还价之后)成交的商品；廉价货vi.讨价还价8．barriern．障碍；隔阂经典句式需悟通1．Therecomesatimewhentheoldmustgivewaytothenew，anditisnotpossibletopreserveeverythingfromourpastaswemovetowardsthefuture.新旧更替的时代已经到来，在走向未来的过程中，我们不可能将过去的一切都保存下来。2．Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。3．Itissaidthatit’samirrorthatcantellrightfromwrong!据说这是一面可以分辨是非的镜子！4．ThismakesitanimportantculturalheritagesitenotjustforChina，butforallpeoplearoundtheworld.这使得它不仅是中国的重要文化遗产，也是全世界人民的重要文化遗产。5．EverypartoftheGreatWalliseasytofindandsee.长城的每一部分都很容易找到、看到。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)1．heritagen．遗产2．cluen．线索；提示3．committeen．委员会4．documentn．文件；公文；(计算机)文档5．digitaladj.数码的；数字显示的6．imagen．形象；印象7．quotevt.引用8．contrastn．对比；对照9．identifyvt.确认；认出；找到10．UNESCOabbr.联合国教科文组织Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共10分)11．formeradj.以前的；(两者中)前者的12．preservevt.保存；保护；维持n．保护区13．promotevt.促进；提升；推销；晋级14．applicationn．申请(表)；用途；运用；应用(程序)15．balancen．平衡；均匀vt.使平衡16．likelyadj.可能的adv.可能地17．attemptn．&vt.企图；试图；尝试18．worthwhileadj.值得做的；值得花时间的19．entrancen．入口；进入20．forgivevt.&vi.(forgave，forgiven)原谅；宽恕vt.对不起；请原谅Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)21．creativelyadv.创造性地→creativeadj.创造性的→createvt.创造→creativityn．创造性；创造力22．limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定→limitedadj.有限的；受限制的→limitlessadj.无限的；无尽的23．preventvt.阻止；阻碍；阻挠→preventionn．防止；预防→preventiveadj.预防性的；防备的24．contributionn．捐款；贡献；捐赠→contributevi.&vt.捐献；捐助25．disappearvi.消失；灭绝→disappearancen．消失；灭绝→(反义词)appearvi.出现→appearancen．出现；外表26．traditionn．传统；传统的信仰或风俗→traditionaladj.传统的Ⅳ.高频词汇(每小题2分，共10分)27．awfuladj.可怕的28．awkwardadj.尴尬的；笨拙的29．bacteriumn．细菌30．baggagen．行李31．barriern．障碍；隔阂Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共18分)32．givewayto让步；屈服33．keepbalance保持平衡34．leadto导致35．makeaproposal提出建议36．turnto向……求助37．prevent...from...阻止；不准38．donate...to...向……捐赠……39．makesure确保；设法保证40．theForbiddenCity紫禁城Ⅰ.单词拼写(根据汉语提示或首字母提示写单词)(每小题2分，共16分)1．Asweallknow，itisworthwhiletopreserveculturalrelicsandhistoricsites.2．Wemustdoourbesttoprotectthesehistoricsitesfromdisappearing/disappearance(消失)．3．Hiscarelessconduct(行为)ledtothelossofthedocuments，sohehadtotypeanotheronewithinlimitedtime.4．Acommitteewasestablishedtoinvestigatetheissuetopreventthemountainfire.5．It’sagoodtraditionforthecompanytocaremoreaboutqualitythanquantitythroughouttheprocess.6．Thoughtheyoungmanattemptedtodownloadherdigitalphotoswithoutherpermission，shechosetoforgivehim.7．Inmyopinion，thearchaeologistshouldgooverseastostudythehistoricrelics.8．Onasheetofpaper，hedrewtheimage(图像)ofadragon.Ⅱ.词形变化填空(用括号内所给词的适当形式填空)(每小题2分，共14分)9．Theyoungmancreatedamachinetosolvethetrickyproblemcreatively，andthushewasconsideredtobeacreativeperson.(create)10．Someapplicantsarefillinginapplicationformstoapplyforawell-paidjob.(apply)11．Knowledgeislimitless，butmymemorylimitsmetorememberonlylimitedinformation.(limit)12．Theinstanttheoldgardenerappeared，allthegirlspickingflowersraninalldirectionsandsoondisappeared.(disappear)13．Preventionisbetterthancure，sowemusttakepreventivemeasurestopreventCOVID-19fromspreading.(prevent)14．Thedonorgenerouslydonatedfoodandmoneytothepoorfamilyandhisdonationhelpedthemgothroughthehardtime.(donate)15．Thefatherproposedthathisdaughtershouldacceptherboyfriend’sproposal.(propose)Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题2分，共10分)16．高考后，你将会填志愿。你必须作出抉择的时候到了。AftertheCollegeEntranceExamination，youwillfillintheapplicationform.Therecomesatimewhenyouhavetomakeachoice.17．通过参加汉语角，你不但可以提高自己的汉语口语，还可以交到新朋友。BygoingtotheChinesecorner，notonlycanyouimproveyourspokenChinese，butalsoyoucanmakenewfriends.18．据说，约300人参加了这次马拉松。Itissaidthatabout300peopletookpartinthemarathon.19．优美的景色使得张家界成为中国著名的旅游胜地。ThebeautifulscenerymakesZhangjiajieafamoustouristattractioninChina.20．他去年写的那本书很难理解。Thebookhewrotelastyearisdifficulttounderstand.Ⅰ.课文语法填空——复习本单元ReadingandThinking部分Inthecourseofeconomicdevelopment，therecomesatime1.whentheoldmustgivewaytothenew.2.Keeping(keep)balancebetweenprogressandtheprotectionofculturalsitescanbeagreatchallenge.Inthe1950s，theEgyptiangovernmentwanted3.tobuild(build)anewdam.However，theprojectled4.toprotests，becausewaterfromthedamwouldlikelydamageanumberofculturalrelics.SothegovernmentturnedtotheUNforhelp.Acommittee5.wasestablished(establish)todealwiththechallengeandexpertsinvestigatedtheissue，posal(propose)tosavetheculturalrelics.7.Finally(final)，theworkbeganin1960.Thetemplesandotherculturalsitesweretakendownpiecebypieceandthenmovedandputbacktogetheragaininanewplace.Overthenext20years,8.thousands(thousand)ofengineersandworkersrescuedcountlessculturalrelics.In1980，theprojectended,9.whichwasconsidered10.agreatsuccess.Itshowsthatifaproblemseemstoodifficultforasinglenation，theglobalcommunitycansometimesprovideasolution.Ⅱ.课文选词填空——复习本单元ReadingforWriting部分eq\x(throughout，further，tradition，high­quality，digital，promote)Scientistsfromhomeandabroadrecordedandcollected1.digitalimagesofculturalrelicsAbout500,0003.high-qualitydigitalphotographswereproduced.TheMogaoCaveshavelongbeenameetingpointfordifferentcultures.TouristsfromallovertheworldvisitDunhuangtoseethecaves.BysharingdigitalphotographsovertheInternet，moteevenwiderinterestaroundtheworldinChina’sancienthistory，cultureand5.traditions.Theyalsohopeto6.furthereducatepeopleabouttheimportanceofsafeguardinghistoricandculturalrelicsforfuturegenerations.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇preservevt.保护；保存；维持n．保护区先练基础——单句语法填空(1)SomestudentsaresearchingforcluestocreativelypreservetheoldtempleonMountTaifrom/againstbeingdamaged.(2)Wellbeforethearrivaloffreezers，therewasademandforiceforfoodpreservation(preserve)andcatering.(3)WewillvisitsomeRomanmonumentsintheworld，whicharepreserved(preserve)well.•preserve...from/against...保护……免受……•bewell-preserved保存良好的•naturepreserve自然保护区•preservationn.维护；保护；保养再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)他们强调了保护历史遗迹的重要性。(应用文之传统文化)Theystressedtheimportanceofpreservingthehistoricheritage.balancen．平衡；均匀vt.使平衡先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Findingtherightbalancebetweenprogressandthepreservationofculturalrelicscanbeabigchallenge.(2)You’dbetterkeepabalanced(balance)dietforthebenefitofyourhealth.(3)Beforemakingthefinaldecision，you’dbetterbalancetheadvantagesagainstthedisadvantages.•keep/lose(one’s)balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡keepabalancebetweenAandB在A和B之间保持平衡•balance...against权衡，比较•balancedadj.平衡的；均衡的再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)如果你想拥有快乐的学校生活，你最好在学习与放松之间保持平衡。Ifyouwanttohaveahappyschoollife，you’dbetterkeepabalancebetweenstudyandrelaxation.likelyadv.可能地adj.可能的先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Theinvestigationislikelytolead(lead)toaprotestagainstthisproposal.(2)Ifyoudon’thurry，itislikelythatyouwillmissyourflight.•Sb./Sth.belikelytodosth.某人/某物有可能做某事Itislikelythat...可能……•probable的常用句型：Itisprobablethat...很可能……•possible的常用句型：Itispossible(forsb.)todosth./Itispossiblethat...(某人)可能做……再提能力——完美写作·句型转换·背诵(3)Theyarelikelytobefiredbythecompanybecauseoftheirfault.→Itislikely/possible/probablethattheywillbefiredbythecompanybecauseoftheirfault.limitn．限度；限制vt.限制；限定先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Lifeislimited(limit)，butthereisnolimittoserving(serve)thepeople.(2)Wemustsetalimiton/totheexpenseofthetrip.•setalimitto/on限制……beyondthelimit超过限度Thereisa/nolimitto...(to为介词)……是有限的/无限的。•limit...to...把……限定在……范围内•limitedadj.有限的再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(3)要求你的文章限制在800词以内。(应用文之征文通知)Youarerequiredtolimityouressayto800words.contributionn.捐献；贡献；捐赠先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Thegroupaskedforcontributions(contribution)fromdifferentdepartments.(2)Wehopeyourproposalwillcontributetosolving(solve)theproblem.(3)Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributetodepressionandevencrimes.(2020·天津)•makecontributions/acontributionto对……做出贡献；捐款•contributev．捐献；贡献；投稿；导致contribute...to...把……贡献给……contributeto(to为介词)有助于；导致；把(时间)投入到……；捐款；投稿再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)环境保护从我做起，每个人都能为环保做贡献。(应用文之环保话题)Environmentalprotectionstartswithme，andeveryonecanmakecontributions/acontributiontothecause.attemptvt.&n.企图；试图；尝试先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Iattemptedtodownload(download)someprofessionaldocumentsfromtheInternet，butduringtheprocess，itsuddenlydisappeared.(2)Suchanattempttoestablish(establish)apositiverelationshipbetweenacompanyandthegeneralpublicwasunusualatthattime.(3)Amanisbeingquestionedwhoisinrelationtotheattempted(attempt)murderlastnight.•attempttodo/(at)doing...尝试(试图)做……•makeanattempttodo/(at)doing...尝试做……atthefirstattempt第一次尝试•attemptedadj.未遂的再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路，但是白费力气。(2018·6月浙江，读后续写)Weattemptedtomakeoutthewaybackhomeinthedarkness，butinvain.leadto导致to为介词先练基础——单句语法填空(1)Curiosityisveryimportantbecauseitleadstodiscoveryorinvention.(2)Hetravelswidelyandleadsacontentlife.(3)Tom’sdesireforsuccessledhimtowork(work)hardandfinallyhemadeit.leadsb.todo...使某人做……leadsb.to...引导某人到……leadtheway带路leadsb.bythenose牵着某人的鼻子走leada...life过……的生活再提能力——完美写作·完成句子·背诵(4)有了那位老人带路，我们终于走出了林子。(读后续写)Withtheoldmanleadingtheway，wefinallywalkedoutofthewoods.turnto向……求助；转向；致力于；翻到；查阅turndown调小(音量等)；拒绝turnin上交turnup调大(音量等)；出现turnoff关上turnout结果是；证明是turnon打开先练基础——根据句意用turn短语的正确形式填空(1)Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.(2)Let’snotwaitanylonger;hemightnotturnupatall.(3)Facedwithallthedifficulties，thegirlturnedtohermotherforcomfort.(4)Whathesaidatthemeetingturnedouttobereasonable.再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(5)无论你什么时候遇到麻烦，不要犹豫，向我求助。(应用文之建议信)Wheneveryougetintotrouble，don’thesitatetoturntomeforhelp.notonly...butalso...Notonlyhadthecountriesfoundapathtothefuturethatdidnotrunovertherelicsofthepast，buttheyhadalsolearntthatitwaspossibleforcountriestoworktogethertobuildabettertomorrow.这些国家不仅找到了一条不以牺牲古迹为代价的未来发展之路，而且明白了多个国家合作创造美好未来的可能性。先练基础——单句语法填空(1)TheyspeakEnglishnotonlyinclassbutalsointhedormitory.(2)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherwas/is(be)againsttheplan.(3)Notonlydoesthesungive(give)uslightbutalsoitgivesusheat.notonly...butalso...不但……而且……，连接两个平行结构，当连接两个名词作主语时，谓语动词要根据butalso后的名词决定单复数就近原则；而且notonly位于句首时，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒装，butalso后面的句子不倒装。再提能力——完美写作·单句写作·背诵(4)通过去英语角，你不但可以提高英语口语而且可以交新朋友。BygoingtotheEnglishcorner，notonlycanyouimproveyouroralEnglishbutalsoyoucanmakenewfriends.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练——清除阅读障碍turntoeq\x(A.翻到B.求助于C.查阅D.转向)1．Atlast，Iwillbeonmyown，butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverIneedhelp.B2．Itistimethatheturnedhismindtomoreseriousproblems.D3．Openyourbooks，turntopage21，readPartBcarefully，andthenfinishitwiththecorrectwordsfromthebox.A4．Don’talwaysturntothedictionarywhenyoucomeacrossanewword.CⅡ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识1．Itishighlyimportanttopreservevarietiesofdialectsfromdying(die)out.2．Theapplication(apply)ofnewtechnologieshelpstoprotectclassicmusic.3．Frommypointofview，workandlifeareofequalimportance，soyoushouldkeepabalancebetweenthem.4．Peoplewhoappreciateothers’effortsaremorelikelytoberegarded(regard)asrespectablepeople.5.Nomatterwhentheboymeetswithadifficultproblemrelatedtostudy，hewillturntotheappcalledZuoyebang.6.Despitetheupsanddownsinourhistory，nobodycanpreventourculturedeveloping(develop)forward.7．Donationsfrombillionsofpeoplecontributedtotherecoveryoftheearthquake-hitarea.8．Hestruggledwiththevocabularyandattemptedtoremember(remember)asmanywordsaspossible.9．Whenwerefertoprocessed(process)food，whichisamajorproblemglobally，manypeopleholdanegativeattitude.10．Notonlydidancientpeoplecarvesymbolsonshells，butalsotheycarvedthemonmetalcontainers.Ⅲ.写作增分练——提升语用能力(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，应用文写作)1．上周，我们学校举办了一场5公里越野赛。据说500多名学生参加了这场比赛。(Itissaidthat...)Ourschoolhelda5-kilometercross-countryrunningracelastweek.Itissaidthatmorethan500studentsparticipatedintherace.2．发令枪一响，参赛者们都知道挑战自我的时候到了。(therecomesatimewhen...)Whenthestartinggunrang，alltheparticipantsknewtherecameatimewhentheyhadtochallengethemselves.3．同学们的积极参与使这场比赛很成功。(make＋n.＋n.)Theactiveparticipationofthestudentsmadetheraceasuccess.4．很多同学发现终点线难以到达，但他们不放弃。(sth.＋is＋adj.＋todo)Manystudentsfoundthatthefinishinglinewasdifficulttoreach，buttheydidn’tgiveup.5．通过参加这次赛跑，我们不但锻炼了身体，而且增强了意志力。(notonly...butalso...)Bytakingpartintherace，notonlydidwebuildupourbody，butalsowestrengthenedourwillpower.请先从表格中选用本单元所学词汇完成下列短文，然后核对答案并背诵该短文。(文中加波浪线的句子为本单元的语法项目：定语从句)eq\x(preserve，balance，throughout，prevent，donate，protest，attempt，promote)Anewhigh-speedrailwaywastobebuiltthroughthesmalltown.However，testedagainstit，becauseitmeantanoldtemp