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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁夏建设职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题
21-25
问题1选项
A.35million.
B.34million.
C.25million.
D.20million.
问题2选项
A.Author,professoranddreamer
B.Writer,professorandinsomniac.
C.Author,psychologistandinsomniac.
D.Dramatist,psychologistandscientist.
问题3选项
A.Sleepingin8-hourconsolidatedblocks.
B.Sleepingduringdaytime.
C.Goingtobedsoonafterdark.
D.Twoblocksof4-hoursleepwithawakingbreak.
问题4选项
A.Becausetheyhaveunnoticeablesleepingpatterns.
B.Becausetheysleepverylittle.
C.Becausetheyareinsensitive.
D.Becausetheycan’tcomplain.
问题5选项
A.Sleepishighlyvariable,andwearsoutwithage.
B.Fallingasleepisagradualprocess.
C.Sleepinglesswillhelpyouloseweight.
D.Peopleneedtosleepeighthoursaday.
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:B
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:A
【解析】Ourcultureisobsessedwithsleep,andthelackofit,yetmanyofusdon’tknowsomebasicfacts.(21)Asmanyas35millionAmericansexperiencechronicinsomnia,andyetin2006only$20millionwasspentonresearch.(22)Inthesixyearsthatauthor,professorandlifelonginsomniacGayleGreenspentresearchingandwritingherbook“Insomniac”.Shelearnedalmostallthereistoknowaboutsleepandthelackthereof.Herearefivecommonmythsabouthowwegetourshut-eyeandwhy:
1.HumansNeedEightHoursSleepaNight
Therearemanywaysofsleepingandfewculturessleepineight-hourconsolidatedblockslikewedo.Untiltheindustrialera,manyWesternEuropeansdividedthenightinto“thefirstsleep”andthe“secondsleep.”(23)They’dgotobedsoonafterdark,sleepforfourhoursthenwakeforanhourortwoduringwhichthey’dwrite,pray,smoke,havesexorevenvisitneighbors.Infact,there’ssomeevidencetosuggestthatthissleeppatternmaybetheonemostintunewithourinherentcircadianrhythms.
2.SleepIsn’tJustaBodilyFunction
Sleepisabiological,physiologicalsystem,akintothecardiovascularsystem,thenervoussystemandsoon.(25)Likeanyothersystem,itishighlyvariable,anditwearsoutandgetsmorefragilewithage.
3.AnimalsDon’tHaveSleepProblems
Insomniaoccursinanimalsandinsects,too,sortof.Technically,(24)insomniaisdefinedasa“complaint,”andsinceanimalscan’tcomplain,it’sdifficulttomeasureinthem.
4.FallingAsleepIsaGradualProcessNope
Instead,formostpeople,itswitchesonandofflikealightswitch.Butforinsomniacsandnarcoleptics,theswitchdoesn’tworkquitewell.Insteadtheyinhabitthespaceinbetweenneverentirelyawake,norentirelyasleep.
5.SleepingLessBurnsMoreCalories
Intheshortterm,yes,butsleepinglessprobablywon’thelpyouloseweight.Lackofsleepsuppressesournaturalappetite-depressants,whilefuelingappetite-increasers,oftenleadingtoweightgain.
21.Accordingtothetalk,approximatelyhowmanyAmericanssufferchronicinsomnia?
【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到:Asmanyas35millionAmericansexperiencechronicinsomnia,所以答案为A。
22.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGayleGreen?
【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到:Inthesixyearsthatauthor,professorandlifelonginsomniaGayleGreenspentresearchingandwritingherbook“Insonmniac”.答案为B。
23.Whichofthefollowingsleepingpatternsmightbethemostintunewithourinherentbiologicalsystem?
【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到:there’ssomeevidencetosuggestthatthissleeppatternmaybetheonemostintunewithourinherentcircadianrhythms.而这里的thissleeppattern指的就是前一句话说的睡觉模式:They’dgotobedsoonafterdark,sleepforfourhoursthenwakeforanhourortwoduringwhichthey’dwrite,pray,smoke,havesexorevenvisitneighbors.因而符合这一睡觉模式的是C。
24.Accordingtothetalk,whyisitdifficulttomeasureinsomniainanimals?
【解析】此题为细节信息再现题。文章中提到:insomniaisdefinedasa“complaint,”andsinceanimalscan’tcomplain,it’sdifficulttomeasureinthem.所以答案为D。
25.Accordingtothetalk,whichofthefollowingistrue?
【解析】此题可以用排除法,文章中提出五个常见的对睡眠的错误认识。B、C和D正是其中的三个,因而A为答案。
2.单选题
Oneofindustrialagriculture’sbiggestGMOcropsmayhavejustbackfired(产生事与愿违的后果).Scientistshaveconfirmedthatcorn-destroyingrootwormshaveevolvedtoberesistanttotheBtcornengineeredtokillthem.
BtstandsforBacillusthuringiensis(苏云金芽孢杆菌),thenameofthegeneticallymodifiedcorn’s“donor”organism.Bacillusthuringiensisisanaturallyoccurringsoilbacteriumthatproducesproteincrystalsthatbindtocertainreceptorsintherootworm’sintestine(肠),killingit.Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides.Btcornaccountedforthree-quartersofallcornplantingin2013.Thatmayhavetochange.
AfterfindingacornfieldinIowain2011thatwasdecimated(大幅度下降)byrootwormdespitebeingplantedwiththeBtcorn,IowaStateUniversityentomologistAaronGassmannandhisteambegantostudythepests’interactionswiththegeneticallymodifiedorganism(orGMO)corninalab.Theirstudy,publishedMondayintheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyofSciences,describesthewesterncornrootworm’srapidevolutionafterfeedingontheengineeredcrop.
ButBtcornisstillcapableofwardingoffotherpests,sofarmerswilllikelykeepplantingit.Exceptnowthey’llneedtousepesticidestoprotecttheircropfromrootworms.AsentomologistswarnedtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyin2012,rootwormresistancemeansthattheenvironmentaladvantageofBtcorn—thatitcouldberaisedpesticide-free—maydisappear.
“Unlessmanagementpracticeschange,it’sonlygoingtogetworse,”GassmanntoldWired.“Thereneedstobeafundamentalchangeinhowthetechnologyisused.”
Scientistshavepredictedforyearsthatthiscouldhappen,butwarningswererepeatedlyignoredbyregulatorsandfarmers.IttakesmillionsofdollarstodevelopseedslikeBt,soengineeringanalternativeisnotanattractiveoption.Instead,theauthorsofanotherstudyonrootwormBtresistance,whichfocusesonNebraska,takeabiodiversityapproach.
“Croprotationisthebesttool,”UniversityofNebraska-LincolnentomologistLanceMeinketoldFarm&RanchGuide.“Generally,oneyearofsoybeansinafieldwithresistantwesterncornrootwormswipesoutthatpopulation.Thebeetleswilllayeggsthathatch,butwhenlarvae(幼虫)trytofeedonsoybeanplants,theydon’tfindthenutrientstheyneedandtheydie.”
Croprotationcansuppressrootwormpopulationsovertime,reducingthethreatposedbytheirnewBtresistance.
ButasentomologistElsonShieldsofCornellUniversitytoldWired,rootwormisjustonesymptomofanengineeredseedtrait“willfallunderthesamepressure,”saidShields,“andtheinsectwillwin.”
1.WhatcanweknowaboutBacillusthuringiensis?
2.WhatinspiredAaronGassmanntostarthisstudy?
3.Whichofthefollowingistrue,accordingtothepassage?
4.LanceMeinkethinksthebestapproachtotheproblemofrootwormBtresistanceis_____.
5.WhatistheproblemwiththeGMOseedindustry,accordingtoElsonShields?
问题1选项
A.Itisageneticallymodifiedorganism.
B.Itisanalternativetosprayinginsecticides.
C.Itisanaturalbacteriumthatkillsrootworm.
D.Itprotectsrootwormfrombeingkilledbybacterium.
问题2选项
A.ThegreatreductionofoutputofacornfieldinIowa.
B.Theaimofboostingcornyieldby75%by2011.
C.Thesignificanceofcornrootworm’srapidevolution.
D.AaronGassmann’sfindingofalargenumberofrootworm.
问题3选项
A.PeoplehavenotexpectedrootwormBtresistancebefore.
B.Btresistancehasafundamentalchangeinmoderntechnology.
C.ItiseconomicallyimpracticaltoentirelyabandonBtcorn.
D.FarmersprefertousepesticidesratherthanplantBtcorn.
问题4选项
A.plantingsoybeans
B.raisingbeetles
C.addingfertilizer
D.rotatingcrop
问题5选项
A.Mostoftheentomologistsfailedtopredictitsfuturedestiny.
B.TheGMOseedindustrylackslong-termconsiderations.
C.Peoplemistakenlyconsiderrootwormasthebiggesttrouble.
D.ItisverydifficultfortheGMOseedindustrytowininsects.
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:A
第3题:C
第4题:D
第5题:C
【解析】1.事实细节题。第一步,精准定位,定位到第二段第三句Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides(多年来,农民们一直种植Bt玉米作为喷洒杀虫剂的替代品),第二步,综合理解,这里是B选项的同意替换,B选项“是一种替代喷洒杀虫剂的方法”正确。
A选项“是一种转基因生物”,定位到第二段第二句Bacillusthuringiensisisanaturallyoccurringsoilbacteriumthatproducesproteincrystalsthatbindtocertainreceptorsintherootworm’sintestine,killingit(苏云金杆菌是一种天然存在的土壤细菌,它能产生蛋白质晶体,与根虫肠道中的某些受体结合,杀死根虫),由此可知苏云金杆菌不是转基因物体而是一种能够和害虫肠道里面的受体结合产生蛋白质结晶从而达到杀死害虫的天然细菌,是细菌的一种,这里属于反向干扰;
C选项“是一种杀死根虫的天然细菌”,见A选项解析,是苏云金杆菌与害虫肠道的受体产生的蛋白质使虫子死亡,不是苏云金杆菌直接杀死虫子,这里属于曲意理解;
D选项“它保护根虫不被细菌杀死”,见A选项,是侵害不是保护,这里属于反向干扰。
2.事实细节题。第一步,精准定位,定位到第三段第一句AfterfindingacornfieldinIowain2011thatwasdecimatedbyrootwormdespitebeingplantedwiththeBtcorn…(2011年在爱荷华州发现一片玉米田,尽管种植了Bt玉米,但却被根虫摧毁……)。第二步,综合理解,从这句可以知道是亚伦因为发现爱荷华州的玉米产量即使在种了转基因玉米的情况下也出现了大幅度减产的情况才想要去调查的,由此可知A选项“爱荷华州玉米田产量的大幅减少”正确。
B选项“到2011年提高玉米产量75%的目标”,见正确选项分析,2011年的情况是减产了所以才会开展这项调查,这里属于反向干扰;
C选项“玉米根虫快速进化的意义”,定位到第三段最后一句话Theirstudy…describesthewesterncornrootworm’srapidevolutionafterfeedingontheengineeredcrop.(他们的研究……描述了西方玉米根虫在食用转基因作物后的快速进化。),由此可知C选项是调查结果不是调查原因,这里属于偷换概念;
D选项“AaronGassmann发现大量根虫”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有。
3.事实细节题。第一步,精准定位,定位到第六段第一二句…butwarningswererepeatedlyignoredbyregulatorsandfarmers.IttakesmillionsofdollarstodevelopseedslikeBt,soengineeringanalternativeisnotanattractiveoption(……但监管机构和农民一再忽视警告。开发像Bt这样的种子需要数百万美元,所以通过工程来替代并不是一个有吸引力的选择),从这里可知,因为转基因种子花了很多财力研发,种子公司不会那么轻易放弃,所以在经济方面转基因玉米不会那么轻易放弃,所以C选项“完全放弃Bt玉米在经济上是不切实际的”正确。
A选项“人们以前没有预料到根虫抗Bt”,定位到第二段第三句Foryears,farmershaveplantedBtcornasanalternativetosprayinginsecticides(多年来,农民们一直种植Bt玉米作为喷洒杀虫剂的替代品),从这里可知人们一开始就是为了治虫才种转基因玉米的,所以A选项错误,属于反向干扰;
B选项“Bt抗性在现代技术中有根本性的变化”,定位到第五段第二句Thereneedstobeafundamentalchangeinhowthetechnologyisused(在如何使用这项技术方面需要有根本性的改变),这里是根据句子的时态可知是将来时,这表明说话人的主观愿望而B选项用的是一般现在时表现在的一种动作,所以不能选,这里属于反向干扰;
D选项“农民更喜欢使用杀虫剂而不是种植Bt玉米”定位到第三段第三句ButBtcornisstillcapableofwardingoffotherpests,sofarmerswilllikelykeepplantingit(但Bt玉米仍有抵挡其他害虫的能力,所以农民可能会继续种植它),从这里可知农民还是更愿意种转基因玉米,所以D选项属于反向干扰。
4.事实细节题。第一步,精准定位,定位到倒数第三段第一句Croprotationisthebesttool(轮作是最好的工具),从这里可知答案选D“轮耕”;
A选项“种黄豆”,定位到倒数第三段第二句Generally,oneyearofsoybeansinafieldwithresistantwesterncornrootwormswipesoutthatpopulation(一般来说,在具有抗性的西部玉米根虫的土地上种植一年的大豆就可以消灭这一种群),种植黄豆只是轮耕的具体方法之一,这里只是举个例子,不能概括整体,这里属于以偏概全;
B选项“养甲虫”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有,所以不选;
C选项“加肥料”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有,所以不选。
5.判断推理题,第一步,寻找句内线索,定位到最后一段第一句话,ButasentomologistElsonShieldsofCornellUniversitytoldWired,rootwormisjustonesymptomofanengineeredseedtrait“willfallunderthesamepressure,”saidShields,“andtheinsectwillwin”.(但正如康奈尔大学的昆虫学家ElsonShields告诉《连线》杂志的,根虫只是一种转基因种子性状之一,“在同样的压力下,”Shields说,“昆虫将获胜。),从这里可知ElsonShields对转基因产业是持否定态度,觉得昆虫最终会战胜转基因植物,从这里的only可以看出来Shields认为根虫只是其中一个症状,其实问题还不仅仅只在根虫,所以可以推断答案选C选项“人们错误地认为根虫是最大的麻烦”。
A选项“大多数昆虫学家都没有预测到它(转基因种子产业)的未来命运”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有;
B选项“转基因种子行业缺乏长期考虑”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有,所以不选;
D选项“转基因种子产业很难赢得昆虫”,文章没有提及,属于无中生有,所以不选。
3.单选题
TheJapanesedesireformarriagehadbeenverystrong.Inthefifth"worldyouthattitudesurvey"(1)bytheManagementandCoordinationAgencyin1993,over70percentoftheJapanese(2)chosetheanswers"Oneshouldgetmarried"or"It'sbettertogetmarried."Ofthe11countriessurveyed,Japanwas(3)onlybythePhilippinesinthepercentageofthoseadvocatingmarriage(4)opposedtoasinglelife.
Inrecentyears,however,therehasbeenaspreadingrecognitionamongtheJapanesepublicthatsomething(5)ishappeninginpeople'sattitudestowardmarriage.
Whentheybegantohaveadequatefood,clothingandshelterafteryearsofpostwarshortagesandthusbecameableto(6)theirattentiontoothermatters,theJapaneseforthefirsttime(7)arenewedlookatthequestionofmarriage.Inthe1990s,peoplebegantoask"Whatonearthismarriageanyway?"andtotalkaboutmarriageitself.
InJapan,theproportionofmenstillunmarriedintheirthirtiesreachedabout20percentinthenationalcensustakenin1985,andthe(8)apparentlyexceeded30percentin1995.Theproportionofunmarriedwomeninthe25-29agebrackethasbeenincreasing(9)about5percenteveryfiveyearsuntilitisnownearly50percent.
Whataretherealreasonswomenchoosenottomarry?Earlyon,twowere(10);womenwerenowbettereducatedandmorewomenwereinterestedinworkingoutsidethehome.Manywomenhavebecome(11)independent,acquiringenoughself-confidenceto(12)ameaningfullifeoutsideofmarriage.And(13)seemstobeawidegapinthewaymenandwomenviewmarriage.Womengenerallybelievethat,(14)women'srolesinJapan'spostwarsocietyhavebecomediversified,menhaveessentiallyremainedunchanged.(15)suchcircumstances,communicationbetweenthesexesis,infact,farfromeasy.
Besidesthat,inthepostwarJapan,individualismhasbeguntotake(16).The50yearssincetheendofthewarmayberegardedastheprocessofa(17)fromthefamily-centeredtotheindividual-centeredwayofthinking.InJapantoday,societyhasmaturedtoapoint(18)itnowtoleratesadiversityofmarriagestyleswhichwereunthinkablenotverylongago.Inthefuture,suchtoleranceisalmost(19)toincrease.Butaheadlongplungetowardunbridledindividualismisalsodangerous.Theideal(20)maybetoachieveacomplementaryfusionofthecollectivismofJapan'straditionalcommunityandtheindividualismofthenewage.
问题1选项
A.practiced
B.conducted
C.involved
D.devised
问题2选项
A.respondents
B.correspondents
C.counterparts
D.reflectors
问题3选项
A.surpassed
B.preceded
C.disadvantaged
D.defeated
问题4选项
A.when
B.what
C.lest
D.as
问题5选项
A.important
B.common
C.exciting
D.unusual
问题6选项
A.catch
B.attract
C.turn
D.derive
问题7选项
A.made
B.took
C.began
D.learnt
问题8选项
A.number
B.amount
C.figure
D.data
问题9选项
A.to
B.by
C.with
D.upon
问题10选项
A.cited
B.dealt
C.obliged
D.occurred
问题11选项
A.monetarily
B.economically
C.mentally
D.physically
问题12选项
A.take
B.face
C.lead
D.feel
问题13选项
A.it
B.that
C.what
D.there
问题14选项
A.since
B.while
C.whether
D.when
问题15选项
A.Under
B.Within
C.On
D.At
问题16选项
A.interest
B.advantage
C.mark
D.root
问题17选项
A.range
B.step
C.shift
D.drive
问题18选项
A.which
B.where
C.that
D.what
问题19选项
A.known
B.supposed
C.prone
D.certain
问题20选项
A.approach
B.attitude
C.option
D.standard
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:D
第6题:C
第7题:A
第8题:C
第9题:B
第10题:A
第11题:B
第12题:A
第13题:A
第14题:B
第15题:A
第16题:B
第17题:C
第18题:C
第19题:C
第20题:B
【解析】1.根据原文句意可知,这里指由日本管理协调局进行的第五次“世界青年态度调查”。devised指设计,计划。符合原文句意。
2.名词辨析。respondents调查对象;correspondents通讯员;counterparts副本,相对应的人或物;reflectors反射体,反光片。根据上文的调查可知这里指被调查的对象,选项A正确。
3.surpassed超过,一般与to搭配;preceded领先,在...前面;disadvantaged劣势,不利条件;defeated击败,打败。根据原文可知,这里指日本仅次于菲律宾。即被菲律宾打败,所以选项D正确。
4.句意:在接受调查的11个国家中,只有菲律宾在提倡婚姻反对单身的比例上击败了日本。Normal07.8磅02falsefalsefalseEN-USZH-CNX-NONE这里的what做连接代词,指的是提倡婚姻的比例。所以选项B正确。
5.根据句意:近年来,日本公众普遍认识到,人们对待婚姻的态度正在发生一些不同寻常的变化。选项D符合原文语境。
6.根据原文可知这里指转移注意力,所以选项C正确。
7.makearenewedlook为固定搭配,指“重新审视”。
8.根据句意:1995年这一数字显然超过了30%。number是一个数字,figure指有意义的数值,所以本题选项C正确。
9.increasingby指增长了,按...增长,为常用搭配。
10.根据原文可知,这里指早期引用了两个原因。
11.monetarily财政上,在金钱问题上;economically在经济上;mentally精神上,智力上;physically生理上。根据句意可知,这里指女性经济独立,选项B正确。
12.根据原文,女性经济独立,获得足够自信,没有婚姻也可以过上有意义的生活。选项A符合原文。
13.根据后面的seems可以推断,此处应填入it。选项A正确。
14.根据原文,这里将男性和女性的角色进行了对比,所以填入while最为恰当。
15.Undersuchcircumstances为固定搭配,指在这种情况下。
16.takeadvantage为固定搭配,意为利用。在这里指,个人主义开始发挥作用。
17.根据原文句意:战后的50年,可以说是一个从以家庭为中心的思维方式向以个人为中心的思维方式转变的过程。选项C符合原文。
18.分析句子可知,句子结构完整,不缺成分,所以用that引导同位语从句。
19.根据句意:在未来,容忍几乎会有增加的趋势。只有选项C表示有...的趋势,所以正确。
20.根据句意:一头扎入个人主义是很危险的,最理想的态度是实现日本传统社会集体主义与新时代个人主义的互补融合。选项B符合原文句意。
4.单选题
The“EchoHouse”willdemonstratehowwecanlivewithhighlyefficientinsulation,solarheating,energyefficient(
)andorganicgardening.
问题1选项
A.applicators
B.applications
C.applicants
D.appliances
【答案】D
【解析】名词辨析。句意:绿色环保屋显示我们是如何使用高效绝缘体、太阳能供暖、高效能源装置和有机园艺。
applicator涂药器;敷帖器。application应用;申请;应用程序。applicant申请人。appliance器具,器械,装置。
5.单选题
Musclesmay()orlosetheirtone,buttheywon’tturntofat.
问题1选项
A.concentrate
B.atrophy
C.condense
D.astrogate
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项concentrate“集中;浓缩”;B选项atrophy“萎缩;虚脱”;C选项condense“使浓缩;使压缩”;D选项astrogate“操纵;航天”。句意:肌肉可能萎缩或失去弹性,但是它们不能变成脂肪。并列连词or连接空格处和“失去弹性”,因此此题选B。
6.单选题
Didyourmumanddadgotouniversity,ordidtheyleaveschoolandgostraighttotheJobCentreTheeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.
TheresearchwasdonebytheHigherEducationCareersServiceUnit.Itplanstofollowuniversityapplicantsforsixyearsfrom2006throughtheirearlycareers.
Thefirstyear’sfindingscomefromastudyof130,000universityapplicants.Theyshowsignificantdifferencesinprospectivestudents’approachtohighereducation,dependingonwhethertheirparentsgotdegrees(second-generationapplicants)ordidn’t(first-generationapplicants).
First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave“toenablemetogetagoodjob”astheirmainreasonforchoosinghigheducation.And37percentsaidthatadegreewas“partofmycareerplan”.
Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.
AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,alsowantedjobsecurity.Herparentslackedcollegedegrees,thoughthefactthatheruncleisadoctorappearstohaveinfluencedherchoice.
“Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening.”shesays.Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.
Forthosewithgraduateparents,thislackofguidancemay,theresearcherssuggest,belessofaproblem.“But,forthosewithouttheadvantages,lackofaccesstocareerguidancebeforeapplyingforhighereducationleavesthemexposedtomakingpoorerchoices,”thesurveyconcludes.
1.Themainideaofthepassageisthat(
).
2.“HE”inthe4thparagraphprobablyrefersto(
).
3.Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhousehold(
).
4.InwhichofthefollowingaspectsdoKimBurnettandHarrietEdgehaveincommon?
5.Itisimpliedthat(
).
问题1选项
A.parents’experiencearemoreimportantfortheirchildren’seducation
B.parents’careersarevitallyimportantfortheirchildren’sdegrees
C.students’approachtohighereducationcorrelateswiththeirparents’educationalexperience
D.students’careerandemploymentprospectsaredecidedbytheirparents
问题2选项
A.healtheducation.
B.higheremployment
C.HarrietEdge
D.highereducation
问题3选项
A.islesslikelytogetfinancialaidtogotouniversity
B.ismorelikelytochoosevocationaleducation
C.maythinklearningforpleasureisagoodidea
D.maychoosetostudyforaprofessionaldegree
问题4选项
A.Theybothchosetheirmajorsbecauseoftheirfamilyinfluence.
B.Theyareboththefirst-yearstudentsinuniversity.
C.Bothoftheirparentslackcollegedegrees.
D.Bothofthemchosedegreesforjobsecurity.
问题5选项
A.thecostofadegreeinmedicineisveryhigh
B.highereducationinvestmentinmedicineisnotworthwhile
C.astudentwithoutfamilymedicaltraditionislesslikelytochoosemedicine
D.medicineisafieldwhereeverydegree-holdercangetajob
【答案】第1题:C
第2题:D
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:A
【解析】1.主旨大意题。文章的主旨可以定位到第一段第二句Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday’sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation(今天的学生如何选择学习领域,毕业后做什么,家长的教育经历仍然很重要),C项“学生接受高等教育的方式与其父母的教育经历有关”与之相呼应。A项“父母的经验对孩子的教育更为重要”;B项“父母的职业对孩子的学位至关重要”;D项“学生的职业和就业前景由他们的父母决定”,A、B、D三项在文中未体现。
2.判断推理题。全文的中心是围绕highereducation来写的,由文章主旨可知,此处选D“高等教育”。A项“健康教育”和B项“更高的就业率”,二项在文中均未提及;C项HarrietEdge是人名,在文中是作为例子出现的,并不是文中的主旨,不符合题意。
3.细节事实题。定位到第五段Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.(一个来自经济拮据的非职业家庭的年轻人可能会发现,为了学习而学习是一种奢侈。这就解释了职业课程的爆炸式增长)由此可知,B项“非职业家庭的年轻人更容易选择职业教育”正确。A项“不太可能得到经济资助”,C项“可能会认为学习是一个好主意”,D项“可能选择攻读专业学位”,均属于无中生有项。
4.细节事实题。定位到第六段首先KimBurnettchoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,alsowantedjobsecurity(金伯内特选择了健康研究管理和心理学的学位,以获得一份安全、高薪的工作。哈里特•埃奇也希望工作有保障),由此可知两人的共同之处是D项“他们两个都选择了工作保障学位”;A项“由于家庭的影响,他们都选择了自己的专业”和B项“他们都是大学一年级的学生”文中并未提及,属于无中生有;C项“他们的父母都没有大学学位”文中第六段只提到了HarrietEdge的父母没有大学学位。
5.推理判断题。第七段第一句Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend.That’sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening(医学是一个很有可能最终找到工作的领域。这是一个很大的优势,因为五年研究后的债务水平将是可怕的),由此可知A项“医学学位的费用很高”正确。B项“高等教育在医学上的投资是不值得的”定位到第七段最后一句somestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile(一些学生最终可能会觉得他们的高等教育投资不值得),所以B项错误。C项“没有家庭医学传统的学生不太可能选择医学”从第七段一二句Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit’sprettylikelyyou’llgetajobattheend…,Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.(医学是一个很有可能最终找到工作的领域……,许多专家认为,这种情况对那些没有家庭高等教育传统的人的影响要大得多),因此C项与文意相反,排除。D项“医学是一个每个学位持有者都能找到工作的领域”,文中并未提及。
7.单选题
In______times,humanbeingsdidnottravelforpleasure,buttofindamorefavorableclimate.
问题1选项
A.prime
B.primary
C.primitive
D.preliminary
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项prime“主要的,最好的”,B项primary“初级的,基本的”,C项primitive“原始的,远古的,简单的”,D项preliminary“初步的,开始的,预备的”。由后面的句意“人类旅行不是为了娱乐,而是为了寻找一个更适宜的气候”可知,In______times表示“原始时代”符合语境。句意:在原始时代,人类旅行不是为了娱乐,而是为了寻找一个更适宜的气候。因此,该题选择C项正确。
8.翻译题
Toourview,thefuturebelongstothosewhowillknowhowtoperceivethemysteriousborderlinewhichseparatestheuglyfromthebeautiful.Thisphilosophyhasdominatedmostofthegreatcivilizationsofthepastandisfundamentallyourownwesternwayoflookingattheworld.
Iamconfidentthatwithabetterunderstandingofeachother,therewillbealsoacorrespondingmodificationofourattitudestowardtheachievementsoftheJapanesepeople.
Itisonlythroughstrongertiesamongallofus,throughtherealizationofatrulytriangularworldofcooperativeeffortinwhichtheUnitedStates,Europe,andJapanwillbeabletoreinforcetheirrespectiveties,thatonewillbecapableofplanningthegeneralscenarioofthe21stcentury,andthiswithinabroaderpictureofinternationalcooperationamongallcivilizedpeopleofthisplanet.
【答案】我们认为,未来属于那些知道如何感知美和丑之间的神秘界线的人。在过去的大部分时间里,这种观点一直是主流,而且也是我们西方看待世界的主要方式。
我相信,如果我们能更好地彼此理解,我们对待日本人民取得的成就的态度就会发生相应的改变。
只有通过我们之间的密切合作,在美国、日本和欧洲之间建立真正的三角合作关系,加强彼此的联系,我们才能规划21世纪的宏伟蓝图,要做到这一点,需要这个星球上所有文明民族的共同合作。
9.翻译题
Foracenturyorso,theshoppingritualatdealershowroomsfornewandusedvehicleshasn’tchangedmuch,apartfrommorecomfortablechairsandtheadditionoflatte(拿铁咖啡)machines.
ButtheInternetisunravelingtheessenceofnew-carretailing,armingshopperswithmoreinformationthaneveraboutfeaturesandprices,and(as)wellasexpertreviews.Willshopperssoonbeabletotakethenextstepandordernewcarsonline,likebooks,laptopsandshoes?
ThedebateoverInternetvehiclesalesrages,sinceautomakersseeif(it)asawaytoslashdistributioncostsbyhundreds,andperhapsafewthousanddollarspervehicle.Dealersareaghast:Theyhaveshieldedtheirfranchisesineverystatewithlegislation.ManyviewInternetsalesasameansofunderminingthem.Dealersassertthat“carsaren’tbooksorshoes”andarebestsoldinpersonbytheirsalesstaff,aprocessthatallowstheshoppertotestthevehicle,aswellasexplorefinancingandtrade-ins.
TeslaMotors(TSLA.,thegroundbreakingelectric-vehiclemanufacturerfoundedbyElonMusk,takesordersforitsModelSsedan,whichstartsat$70.000,onitswebsite.Thecarsaredeliveredeitheratoneofits30company-ownedstoresorcanbedrop-shippedtoabuyer’shome.Tesla,clearly,isbuckinglawandtradition.“InTexas,wherethelawprecludesdeliveringdirectlytocustomers,wedosothroughthird-parties,”saidSharmaHendriks,aTeslaspokesperson.“We’renotsayingwe’llneverhavedealers;butthatmodeldoesn’tmakesenseforusnow.
Becausethemarketforusedcarsisn’tprotectedbynew-carfranchiselaws,itmayprovideamorepromisingopportunityforonlinevehiclesales.eBayMotors,adivisionofeBay(EBAY),offersthousandsofvehiclesonlineforsalesbetweenprivateparties.Manyused-cardealersalsousethedigitalplatformandpayalistingfee.
Carvana,aventuresponsoredbyDriveTime,oneofthenation’slargestused-caroperations,hasbegunsellinglate-modelusedpremiumandluxurymodelsonitsownwebsite.CarvanaoperatesforthetimebeingonlyinAtlantaanditsenvironsbuthopestoexpandnationwide.
ErnieGarciaJr.,Carvana’schiefexecutiveofficer,saidthatthefirsthundredvehiclessoldbyCarvanareflectwhathecalleda“promising”trendofhighsatisfactionamongbuyers.Fourbuyersofthefirsthundredweren’tsatisfiedwiththeirpurchaseandexercisedtheirrighttotradethevehiclestheyboughtforanother.Onlyoneofthehundreddemandedarefund.
Garciasaidthatsalesofnewandusedvehiclesatdealerships,intheconventionalmanner,reflectabout“$2,000acar”insales,generalandadministrativecost.Heregardsthatamountasmarginthatcanandwilleventuallyshrinkasonlineattractsmorevehicleshoppers.New-vehiclesalesonlinehaven’tarrived,andperhapsmaynever.Yetthatdayfeelsasthoughit’sdrawingcloser,especiallyfo
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