考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-宁夏工商职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Tourismdevelopsculture.Itbroadensthethinkingofthetravelerandleadstoculture（1）betweenthehostsandguestsfromfar-offplaces.Thiscanbenefitthelocals,sincetouristsbringculture（2）them.

Tourismmayhelptopreserveindigenouscustoms,（3）traditionalshows,parades,celebrationsandfestivalsareputonfortourists.Themusicals,playsandseriousdramaofLondontheatresandotherkindsofnightlifeare（4）supportedbytourists.Sucheventsmightdisappearwithoutthestimulusoftourismto（5）them.

Ontheotherhand,tourismoftencontributestothedisappearanceoflocaltraditionsandfolklore.Churches,templesandsimilarplacesofworshipare（6）astouristattractions.Thiscanbe（7）theexpenseoftheiroriginalfunction:howmanybelieverswanttoworshipinthemiddleofaflowofatheistinvaders?Whowouldwanttopray（8）curiousonlookersshuffletoandfrowithguidebooks,ratherthanprayerbooks,intheirhands?

Tourismmaybringotherindirectculturalconsequencesinits（9）.Tensionswhichalreadyexistbetweenancientandmoremodernwaysmaybedeepenedbytourists’ignoranceof（10）customsandbeliefs.Tourists,ifnotactuallyricher,oftenseemmorewell-offthannatives.Theformermaythereforefeelsuperior,（11）thelatterembarrassedabouttheirlifestyles.Theresultmaybeaninferiorfeelingwhich（12）helpsthesenseofidentitywhichissoimportanttoregionalculture.Thepovertyofalocalitycanlookevenworsewhen（13）withthecomfortablehotelenvironmentinhabitedbytourists.ProsperousretiredorelderlytouristsfromBritain,wheretheaveragelifeexpectancyis75years,maywell（14）resentmentinSierraLeone,wherethelocalpopulationcanexpecttolivetonomorethan41years.Therelativeprosperityoftouristsmay（15）crime.InGambia,unemployedyoungpeopleoffertoactas“professionalfriends”—guides,companionsorsexualpartnersinreturnformoney.Whenthetourismseasonisover,theycannolongergetwagesthatwaysothey（16）topettystealingfromthelocalpopulace.Allthisaffectsthelocalsociallifeandculture（17）.

Culturalerosioncanalsotakeplaceatmore（18）levels.Greekvillagerstraditionally（19）themselvesontheirhospitality.Theywould（20）travelersforfree,feedingthemandlisteningtotheirstories.Totakemoneywouldhavebeenadisgrace.Thathaschangednow.Touristsexisttobeexploited.Perhapsthisishardlysurprisingiftheearningsfromoneroomrentedtoatouristcanexceedateacher’smonthlysalary.

问题1选项

A.conflict

B.contact

C.concern

D.constraint

问题2选项

A.with

B.to

C.over

D.by

问题3选项

A.likethat

B.ifwhen

C.asif

D.aswhen

问题4选项

A.largely

B.extremely

C.positively

D.totally

问题5选项

A.entertain

B.retain

C.maintain

D.pertain

问题6选项

A.considered

B.taken

C.treated

D.made

问题7选项

A.for

B.at

C.in

D.to

问题8选项

A.how

B.that

C.while

D.when

问题9选项

A.sake

B.wake

C.sense

D.cost

问题10选项

A.regional

B.native

C.territorial

D.local

问题11选项

A.making

B.allowing

C.ignoring

D.leaving

问题12选项

A.hardly

B.seldom

C.usually

D.sometimes

问题13选项

A.compared

B.contrasted

C.related

D.associated

问题14选项

A.generate

B.produce

C.make

D.leave

问题15选项

A.increase

B.enhance

C.encourage

D.ascend

问题16选项

A.go

B.turn

C.alter

D.change

问题17选项

A.hostilely

B.reciprocally

C.conversely

D.adversely

问题18选项

A.minor

B.small

C.subtle

D.micro

问题19选项

A.prided

B.famed

C.sang

D.claimed

问题20选项

A.puton

B.putup

C.putdown

D.putoff

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:A

第5题:C

第6题:C

第7题:B

第8题:D

第9题:B

第10题:D

第11题:D

第12题:A

第13题:B

第14题:A

第15题:C

第16题:B

第17题:D

第18题:C

第19题:A

第20题:B

【解析】1.考查名词辨析。conflict矛盾，冲突；contact交流，联系；concern关心，在意；constraint限制。句意：使主人和来自远方的客人之间产生文化联系。选项B符合句意。

2.

考查固定搭配。bringsth.withsb.为固定搭配，意为“随身携带某物”。句意：旅游者带来的文化使当地居民受益。选项A符合句意。

3.

考查固定搭配。aswhen可以表示举例，意为“比如……的时候”，句意：正如传统展示的阅兵、庆祝仪式和节日会演都是给旅行者看的。选项D符合句意。

4.

考查副词辨析。largely“大量地，主要地”；extremely“极端地”；positively“肯定地”；totally“完全地”。句意：伦敦剧场的音乐剧、戏剧以及其他各种夜生活主要为旅行人士所支持。选项A符合句意。

5.

考查动词辨析。entertain娱乐；retain保留；maintain保持；pertain属于，关于；句意：如若没有旅游业的刺激来维持这些事件，那他们可能都会消失。选项C符合句意。

6.考查固定搭配。considered考虑；taken带走；treated对待；made使，让。betreatedas“被作为……，视为……”。句意：教堂、寺庙…等地被视为旅游景点。选项C符合句意。

7.考查固定搭配。attheexpenseof“以……为代价”。句意：以其原始功能为代价。选项B符合句意。

8.

考查连词辨析。句意：当好奇的旁观者们翻阅旅游手册时，谁会想要去祈祷呢？while引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态，而when引导的时间状语从句多用一般时态。选项D符合句意。

9.

考查形容词词义辨析。insake“为了”；inwake“醒来”；insense“在某种意义上”；incost“在成本上”。句意：旅游业可能会带来间接文化后果的觉醒和复苏。选项B符合句意。

10.

考查形容词辨析。regional地区的，区域的；native本国的，地道的；territorial领土的，土地的；local地方的。句意：加深了游客们对当地风俗和信仰的忽视。选项D符合句意。

11.考查动词辨析。making让……，使……；allowing允许；ignoring忽略；leaving遗留，留下；句意：前者可能因此感到优越，而他们的生活方式留给后者的却是尴尬。选项D符合句意。

12.

考查副词辨析。hardly意为“几乎不”或者“刚刚”，表程度；seldom意为“很少”，表频率。usually“经常”；sometimes“有时”；句意：这一结果可能是会让人感觉低人一等，它几乎无益于唤起认同感。选项A符合句意。

13.

考查搭配。compared比较；contrasted对比；related相关，关联；associated联系。contrastwith“把……与……对比”；句意：当与游客们居住的舒适酒店环境作对比时。选项B符合句意。

14.

考查动词辨析。generate产生；produce生产，产出；make使，让；leave遗留，留下。句意：平均寿命75岁的英国游客可能会对SierraLeone产生憎恨。选项A符合句意。

15.

考查动词辨析。increase增加；enhance加强；encourage鼓励；ascend上升。句意：旅游的相对繁荣可能会鼓励犯罪。选项C符合句意。

16.

考查固定搭配。turnto“转向……”。句意：当旅游季节结束，他们不能再得到工资，所以他们转向偷窃当地民众。选项B符合句意。

17.

考查副词辨析。hostilely“敌对地”；reciprocally“相互地”；conversely“相反地”；adversely“不利地”。句意：当地的社会生活和文化产生不利影响。选项D符合句意。

18.

考查形容词辨析。minor较小的；small小的；subtle精细的；micro微小的。句意：文化腐蚀也能在更精细的水平上产生。选项C符合句意。

19.

考查固定搭配。prideon“为……自豪，得意于……”。句意：一般而言，希腊村民们因其热情好客而自豪。选项A符合句意。

20.

考查固定搭配。puton穿上，上演，增加；putdown镇压，记下，贬低；putoff推迟，扔掉，阻止；putup意为“提供食宿”。句意：他们会免费给旅行者们提供食宿。

2.单选题

Bytheyearof2025,scientistsprobably______acureforcancer.

问题1选项

A.willbediscovering

B.arediscovering

C.willhavediscovered

D.havediscovered

【答案】C

【解析】考查将来完成时。句意：到2025年，科学家们可能已经发现了治疗癌症的方法。根据语境，可知这个句子的时态是将来完成时，在这里表示将来完成时表示在将来某一时间以前已经完成的动作，其结构是will（第二、三人称）+have+过去分词（done），C选项willhavediscovered符合题意。因此C选项正确。

3.单选题

Livinginclose______toone’sneighborscanbecozyandcomforting,butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating.

问题1选项

A.homogeneity

B.proximity

C.lingering

D.access

【答案】B

【解析】考查词义辨析。A项homogeneity“同质，同种”，B项proximity“接近”，C项lingering“拖延的，迟迟不结束的”，D项access“通道，进入，机会”。根据but可知，前后句子为转折，由后面的butlivingontopofoneanothercanbesuffocating（但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息）对比可知，前面空格处应该表示“住在邻居隔壁”，B项符合。句意：住得离邻居很近是很舒适的，但是住在一个邻居的上面可能会令人窒息。因此，该题选择B项。

4.单选题

Forthepurposesoflimitingtheunauthorizeddistributionofintellectualproperty,theDMCA’sstatutoryimmunityforISPsiscarefullystructuredtoblockonlyactionsfordamages.AnothersectionoftheActprovidesforaprocessbywhichacourt,undercertainconditions,cangrantinjunctiverelief.InthecaseofasourceISP,theremaybeanorderrequiringaterminationoftheoffendingsource’saccountwiththeISPoraterminationoftherestoftheworld’saccesstotheuser’sassignedInternetdestination,iftheinfringingmaterialresidesthere.ForanOSP,aninjunctionmaybeframedasanorderrequiringterminationoftheOSPuser’saccountorremovalorblockedaccesstothematerialontheOSP’sservers.

ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.Forexample,theMotionPictureAssociationofAmericasentalettertoHarvardUniversitycomplainingofallegedlyinfringingmaterialhostedbysomeoneontheHarvardnetwork.Harvard,inturn,discoveredthatthematerialinquestionwashostedbyanundergraduateonhisowncomputerattachedtotheHarvarddormitorynetwork.Harvardsentalettertothestudentalertinghimthatsuchhostingwasinviolationofitsnetworkpolicies,andthreateningsanctionsshouldthestudentcontinuetohostsuchmaterial.NoticesbypublisherstoISPsseekingactionbytheISPsagainstindividualusershavebecomeroutine,withfirmsspringinguptoaccepttheoutsourcedtaskofidentifyingpointsofinfringementwithinanetworkandgeneratingcomplaintletterstotherelevantISPs.SomepublishershaveevenattemptedtogetsourceISPs—universities,inparticular—tochangenetworkarchitecturetopreventtheuseofpeer-to-peernetworkingcompletely.Whilemosthavedeclinedtodoso,atleastoneuniversity,inthesameweekitsentalettertoapublisherrefusingtotakeaction,announcedanetworkbandwidthconservationpolicythatclampedmostout-goingInternettrafficfromstudentdormitories,effectivelydampeningtheuniversity’scontributiontoworldwidefilesharing/piracy.

Forenforcementpurposes,itmaybeeasiertofindandengageanISPregardingitslegalresponsibilitiesthanasinglesubscriberofthatISP.Butifarevelationofsubscriberidentityissought,successmerelypushestheenforcementproblembacktodealingwithapotentiallyunreachablesource.Moreover,whentheISPinquestionislocatedoverseascooperationofanysortisfraughtwithasmanybarriersasthoseforfarawayindividualsourcesofillicitmaterial.

JonathanZittrain:InternetPointsofControl

83.Accordingtothe1stparagraph,whichofthefollowingisNOTaremedyregardingISP’sliability?

84.Thesentencewhichisclosestinmeaningwiththeunderlinedsentenceofthe2ndparagraphis___.

85.TheHarvardstudentstoryinthe2ndparagraphisusedtoillustrate___.

86.Theunderlinedword“revelation”inthe3rdparagraphmeans___.

问题1选项

A.damages

B.injunctiverelief

C.anorderrequiringaterminationoftheoffendingsource’saccount

D.anorderrequiringaterminationoftheaccesstotheuser’sassignedInternetdestination

问题2选项

A.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledtheISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

B.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledthepublisherstoaskISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

C.TheprospectofinjunctivereliefmayhaveledthepublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.

D.ItistheprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpolicewhathappensontheirnetworks.

问题3选项

A.therelationshipbetweenauniversityanditsstudents

B.theliabilityofanetworkuser

C.actionstakenbyISPsinresponsetopublishers’requests

D.theuniversitypolicytowardsinfringement

问题4选项

A.repetition

B.revolution

C.surprise

D.disclosure

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:D

【解析】83.【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。根据题干定位到原文第一段AnothersectionoftheActprovidesforaprocessbywhichacourt,undercertainconditions,cangrantinjunctiverelief.（该法的另一节规定了法院在某些条件下可以批准禁令救济的程序）可知B选项“禁令救济”符合是针对ISP的赔偿责任的救济；第一段ForanOSP,aninjunctionmaybeframedasanorderrequiringterminationoftheOSPuser’saccountorremovalorblockedaccesstothematerialontheOSP’sservers.（对于一个OSP，禁令可能是一个命令，要求终止OSP用户的账户或删除或阻止访问OSP服务器上的材料）可知C选项“要求终止违规来源账户的命令”和D选项“要求终止对用户指定的因特网目的地的访问的一种命令”符合是针对ISP的赔偿责任的救济；A选项“损害赔偿”第一段未涉及。因此A选项符合题意。

84.【试题答案】B

【试题解析】推理判断题。根据题干定位到原文第二段划线句子ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.（也许正是这种禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动）可知选B选项“禁令救济的前景可能会促使出版商要求ISP监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”；A选项“禁令救济的前景可能会促使互联网服务提供商监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”，C选项“禁令救济的前景可能导致出版商要求ISP监控和监督发生在他们的网络上的活动”以及D选项“正是禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上发生的事情”和原文不符。因此B选项正确。

85.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题，根据题干定位到原文第二段Forexample,theMotionPictureAssociationofAmericasentalettertoHarvardUniversitycomplainingofallegedlyinfringingmaterialhostedbysomeoneontheHarvardnetwork.Harvard,inturn,discoveredthatthematerialinquestionwashostedbyanundergraduateonhisowncomputerattachedtotheHarvarddormitorynetwork.Harvardsentalettertothestudentalertinghimthatsuchhostingwasinviolationofitsnetworkpolicies,andthreateningsanctionsshouldthestudentcontinuetohostsuchmaterial.（例如，美国电影协会给哈佛大学发了一封信，抱怨哈佛大学网络上有人托管的侵权材料。反过来，哈佛发现，有问题的材料是由一名本科生在自己的电脑上托管的，并与哈佛宿舍的网络相连。哈佛大学给该学生发了一封信，提醒他这样的托管违反了其网络政策，并威胁称，如果该学生继续托管此类材料，将受到制裁），可知这一个论据是用来支撑ItmaybethisprospectofinjunctivereliefthathasledtoapracticebypublishersofaskingISPstomonitorandpoliceactivitytakingplaceontheirnetworks.（也许正是这种禁令救济的前景导致了出版商要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动）这一论点，选C选项“ISP响应出版商要求所采取的行动”，出版商们要求ISP监控和监督其网络上的活动，ISP也响应出版商要求所采取的行动；A选项“大学和学生之间的关系”，B选项“网络用户的责任”以及D选项“大学对侵权的政策”不符合原文。因此C选项正确。

86.【试题答案】D

【试题解析】词义辨析题。根据题干定位到原文第三段Butifarevelationofsubscriberidentityissought,successmerelypushestheenforcementproblembacktodealingwithapotentiallyunreachablesource.（但是，如果要求披露用户身份，成功只会将强制问题推回到处理可能无法到达的来源上）可知revelation在本句中表示“揭露，披露”；A选项“重复”；B选项“革命”；C选项“惊喜”；D选项“披露”。可知D选项正确。

5.单选题

Themilitaryoperation（）yesterdayweretargetedatthemilitaryinstallations.

问题1选项

A.propelled

B.commenced

C.plagued

D.modulated

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项propelled“推动，驱使”；B选项commenced“开始”；C选项plagued“困扰，折磨”；D选项modulated“调接，调动”。句意：昨天_____的军事行动是针对军事设施的。这里表达的意思是“昨天开始执行的军事行动”，因此B选项符合题意。

6.单选题

TheyweretheBoyScouts（）tohelpelderlypeoplecrossthestreet.

问题1选项

A.whosewasthetask

B.towhomitwasthetask

C.itwaswhosetask

D.whosetaskitwas

【答案】C

【解析】考查定语从句辨析。结合选项与题干可知本题考查的是定语从句。句意：他们是童子军……帮助老人过马路。定语从句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式部分，故答案为C项。

7.单选题

Thousandsofyearsagomanusedhandyrocksforhissurgicaloperations.Laterheusedsharpboneorhorn,metalknivesandmorerecently,rubberandplastic.Andthatwaswherewestuck,insurgicalinstrumentterms,formanyyears.Inthe1960sanewtoolwasdeveloped,onewhichwas,firstofall,tobeofgreatpracticalusetothearmedforcesandindustry,butwhichwasalso,intime,torevolutionizetheartandscienceofsurgery.

Thetoolisthelaseranditisbeingusedbymoreandmoresurgeonsallovertheworld,foraverylargenumberofdifferentcomplaints.Thewordlasermeans:LightAmplificationbyStimulatedEmissionofLight.Asweallknow,lightishot;anysourceoflight—fromthesunitselfdowntoahumblematchburning—willgivewarmth.Butlightisusuallyspreadoutoverawidearea.Thelightinalaserbeam,however,isconcentrated.Thismeansthatalightwithnomorepowerthanthatproducedbyanordinaryelectriclightbulbbecomesintenselystrongasitisconcentratedtoapinpoint-sizedbeam.

Experimentswiththesepinpointbeamsshowedresearchersthatdifferentenergysourcesproducebeamsthathaveaparticulareffectoncertainlivingcells.Itisnewpossibleforeyesurgeonstooperateonthebackofthehumaneyewithoutharmingthefrontoftheeye,simplybypassingalaserbeamrightthrough:theeyeball.Noknivesnostitches,nounwanteddamage—atruesurgicalwonder.

Operationswhichonceleftpatientsexhaustedandinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverytimenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable.Somuchmoredifficultoperationscannowhetried.

Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniquesinthepasttenyearshasmadeitclearthatthefutureislikelytobeveryexciting.Perhapssomecancerswillbetreatedwithlaserinawaythatmakessurgerynotonlysaferbutmoreeffective.Altogether,tomorrowmayseemoreandmoreinformationcomingtolightonthediseaseswhichcanhetreatedmedically.

1.Afterthedevelopmentofthelaserinthe1960s,wefindthat（）.

2.Thelaserbeamissostrongbecause（）.

3.Surgeonscannowcarryoutoperationswhich（）.

4.Therapiddevelopmentoflasertechniqueshasmeantthat（）.

问题1选项

A.medicalhelpbecameavailableforindustrialworkers

B.thestudyofartwentthroughacompleterevolution

C.moreandmoresurgeonsbeganusingsurgicalinstruments

D.man’swholeapproachtosurgerychangedcompletely

问题2选项

A.itiscomposedofaconcentratedbeamoflight

B.itsheatisincreasedbytheheatofthesun

C.itcanbepluggedintoanordinarylightfitting

D.itsendsoutheatinmanydifferentdirections

问题3选项

A.canbeperformedsuccessfullyonlyonthehumaneye.

B.resultinlongperiodsofrecoverytimeforpatients

C.aremademuchmorecomplicatedbyusingthelaserbeam

D.resultinverylittledamagetothepatientsthemselves

问题4选项

A.inanothertenyearsweshallbeabletocurecancer

B.surgeryislikelytoimproveconsiderably

C.weshallbeabletotreatallthediseaseswesufferfrom

D.wearenowabletotreatmostformsofcancer

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句和第二段的首句，在20世纪60年代，一种新工具被开发出来，它首先对军队和工业有很大的实用价值，同时也及时地使手术发生了革命性的改变。这种工具就是激光。选项中只有选项D符合原文。

2.根据第二段的最后两句可知，激光束中的光是集中的。这意味着，本来不比普通电灯泡产生的能量多的光，在集中成为针尖大小的光束后，就会变得非常强。选项A符合原文。

3.根据第三段最后一句“Noknivesnostitches,nounwanteddamage—atruesurgicalwonder.”不用手术刀，不用缝针，没有不必要的伤害——真正的外科奇迹。选项D符合原文。

4.根据最后一段的内容可知，也许有些癌症可以用激光治疗，这只是作者的推测，并没有真正实现，所以选项A和D错误；将来我们可以看到越来越多需要用药物治疗的病可以用激光治疗，选项C表述太绝对，所以不正确；只有选项B符合原文。

8.单选题

Insciencethemeaningoftheword"explain"sufferswithcivilization'severystepinsearchofreality.Sciencecannotreallyexplainelectricity,magnetism,andgravitation;theireffectscanbemeasuredandpredicted,butoftheirnaturenomoreisknowntothemodernscientistthantoThaleswhofirstspeculatedon

theelectrificationofamber.Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthesemysteriousforces"really"are.Electricity,BertrandRussellsays,"isnotathing,likeSt.Paul'sCathedral;itisawayinwhichthingsbehave.Whenwehavetoldhowthingsbehavewhentheyareelectrified,andunderwhatcircumstancestheyareelectrified,wehavetoldallthereistotell."Untilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea.Aristotle,forexample,whosenaturalsciencedominatedwesternthoughtfortwothousandyears,believedthatmancouldarriveatanunderstandingofrealitybyreasoningfromself-evidentprinciples.Hefelt,forexample,thatitisaself-evidentprinciplethateverythingintheuniversehasitsproperplace,henceonecandeducethatobjectsfalltothegroundbecausethat'swheretheybelong,andsmokegoesupbecausethat'swhereitbelongs.ThegoalofAristoteliansciencewastoexplainwhythingshappen.ModernsciencewasbornwhenGalileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginatedthemethodofcontrolledexperimentwhichnowformsthebasisofscientificinvestigation.

1.BertrandRussell'snotionaboutelectricityis（）.

2.Thepassagesaysthatuntilrecentlyscientistsdisagreedwiththeideathat（）.

3.Theexpression"speculatedon"(Line4)means（）.

问题1选项

A.disapprovedofbymostmodernscientists

B.inagreementwithAristotle'stheoryofself-evidentprinciples

C.inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"how"thingshappen

D.inagreementwithscientificinvestigationdirectedtoward"why"thingshappen

问题2选项

A.thereareself-evidentprinciples

B.therearemysteriousforcesintheuniverse

C.mancannotdiscoverwhatforces"really"are

D.wecandiscoverwhythingsbehaveastheydo

问题3选项

A.considered

B.suspected

C.expected

D.engagedinbuyingandselling

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:C

第3题:A

【解析】1.细节推理题。题干：伯特兰•罗素关于电的见解_____。文章引用了罗素的见解之后有一句“Untilrecentlyscientistswouldhavedisapprovedofsuchanidea”，此句是notuntil句型的变形，提取了disapproved中的否定部分后，可理解为“直到现在科学家们才赞成这个说法”，可知罗素的见解与当代科学家们是符合的。文章最后一句提到“Galileobegantryingtoexplainhowthingshappenandthusoriginated…formsthebasisofscientificinvestigation”，说明当代科学是研究“howthingshappen”。因此C选项符合题意。

2.细节题。题干：这篇文章说，直到最近科学家们才同意这种观点______。题干部分的理解与上题选项一致。科学家们同意的是罗素的观点，而作者引用罗素是为了说明“Mostcontemporaryphysicistsrejectthenotionthatmancaneverdiscoverwhatthesemysteriousforces"really"are”，因此C选项符合题意。

3.词义题。定位句说到，科学不能真正解释电、磁、重力，它们的效果能被测量和预测。对于它们的本性，现代科学家并不比希腊哲学家泰利斯知道得更多。所以对于琥珀带电这件事，泰勒斯应该停留在思考阶段，还不能说是怀疑。因此A选型符合题意。

9.翻译题

美国人以两个特殊的日子向父母表示敬意：这便是每年五月第二个星期日的母亲节和六月第三个星期日的父亲节。人们用各种形式来庆贺这两个特殊的日子。在母亲节那天，人们佩戴康乃馨（carnation）；很多人还通过参加宗教仪式来向父母致意；在这两天，许多家庭在家中或到餐馆去聚会。这是充满欢乐、美好情感和美好回忆的日子。

【答案】PeopleintheUnitedStateshonortheirparentswithtwospecialdays:Mother'sDay,onthesecondSundayinMay,andFather'sDay,onthethirdSundayinJune.Thesedaysaresetasidetoshowloveandrespectforparents.OnMother'sDaypeoplewearcarnations;manypeopleattendreligiousservicestohonorparents.Onthesedaysfamiliesgettogetherathome,aswellasinrestaurants.Thesearedaysoffunandgoodfeelingsandmemories.

10.单选题

Heneverfeltthatbeingdisabled（）himofallmoralresponsibilitytohimselfandhiscommunity.

问题1选项

A.released

B.relieved

C.removed

D.relied

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。release“释放；允许发表”；relieve“解除；减轻；使放心”；remove“移动；开除”；rely“依靠，信赖”。句意：他从不认为，变得残疾……他所有对自己和社区的道德责任。可知“减轻”更合适，因此B选项符合题意。

11.单选题

Inoursocietytheunwrittenrulesofcommunicationdiscouragethedirectexpressionofemotions.Countthenumberofgenuineemotionalexpressionsyouhearoveratwo-or-three-dayperiodandyou’lldiscoverthatemotionalexpressionsarerare.Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.

Notsurprisingly,theemotionsthatpeopledosharedirectlyareusuallypositive.Forexample,onestudyofmarriedcouplesrevealedthatthepartnerssharedflatteringfeelingsofface-savingones.Theyalsowillinglydisclosedbothpositiveandnegativefeelingsaboutabsentthirdparties.Ontheotherhand,thehusbandsandwivesrarelyexpressedface-threateningfeelingsofhostility.

Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.AhugandkissforMotherisallright,thoughayoungmanshouldshakehandswithDad.Affectiontowardfriendsbecomeslessandlessfrequentaswegrowolder,sothatevenasimplestatementsuchas“Ilikeyou”isseldomheardbetweenadults.

Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.Asagroup,womenaremorelikelythanmentoexpresstheiremotions.Theyarebetteratdistinguishingbetweenrelatedfeelingssuchaslikingandloving,andtheyaremorelikelytohavemoreaffectionaterelationshipsthanmen.Ofcourse,thesegenderdifferencesarestatisticalaverage,andtherearemanymenandwomenwhodonotfallintothesetypes.

1.Whatisthemainidesofthispassage?

2.Peopleavoidexpressingtheirfeelingsdirectlybecause（）

3.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdopeopletendtoexpress?

4.That“Womenarebetterthanmeninexpressingfeelings”is（）

5.Accordingtothepassage,itissurprisingthat（）

问题1选项

A.Bothadultsandchildrenseldomexposetheirfeelingsandopinions.

B.Societyistherealcauseofpeople’slessexpressionoftheiraffection.

C.Peopleliketotalkfreelybehindathirdperson.

D.Womenaremoreopenthanmeninexpressingtheirfeelings.

问题2选项

A.theyhavenotimeoveratwo-or-three-dayperiod

B.theyfeeltimidtodoso

C.theypreferfactstofeelings

D.theyfeeluneasywhentheydisclosetheirinnerworld

问题3选项

A.Yourhairstyleisgood,butthecolordoesnotsuityourskin.

B.Howshouldhehavelefttheroominsuchamess!

C.I’msorrytosayIcan’tloveyouanymore.

D.Itissillyofyoutohavegivenupthischance.

问题4选项

A.acompleteculturalstereotype

B.provenbyresearch

C.thetraditionalprejudice

D.thekeytosocialproblems

问题5选项

A.womenaremoreexpressivethanmen

B.husbandsandwivestendtopleaseeachother

C.peoplearesociallydiscouragedfromexpressingtheirpositivefeelings

D.peoplefeelcomfortabletodisclosetheirnegativefeelings

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.判断推理题。第一段的第一句为本文的中心句。主要讲社会中不成文的交流规则阻碍了人们情感的表达。选项B符合原文。

2.细节事实题。根据第一段的最后一句“Peoplearegenerallycomfortablemakingstatementsoffactandoftendelightinexpressingtheiropinions,buttheyrarelydisclosehowtheyfeel.”人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项D只是换了一种方式阐述这句话，所以选项D正确。

3.判断推理题。根据上一题可知人们通常会很自在的陈述事实和表达自己的观点，但他们很少表露自己的感受。选项A就是陈述客观事实，但没有涉及到说话人自己的感受，所以正确。

4.语义题。根据最后一段的第一句“Areviewofresearchonemotionalexpressionsupportstheculturalstereotypeofthenon-emotionalmaleandthemoreemotionalfemale.”可知选项B正确。

5.判断推理题。根据第三段的第一句“Surprisingly,socialrulesevendiscouragetoomuchexpressionofpositivefeelings.”令人惊讶的是，社会规则甚至阻碍了积极情绪的太多表达。选项C符合原文。

12.单选题

Thecontentsofcumbersometextsmaybeconvenientlystoredonmicrofilm.

问题1选项

A.ancient

B.technical

C.bulky

D.handsome

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。cumbersome表示“笨重的，累赘的”。A项ancient“古老的”，B项technical“工艺的，艺术的”，C项bulky“体积大的，笨重的”，D项handsome“帅气的”。句意：繁琐的文字内容可以很方便地存储在缩微胶片上。根据题意该题选C。

13.单选题

Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee______.

问题1选项

A.whoishe

B.whoitis

C.whoheis

D.whoisit

【答案】C

【解析】【选项释义】

A.whoishe他是谁B.whoitis它是谁

C.whoheis他是谁D.whoisit它是谁

【考查点】宾语从句。

【解题思路】分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，跟在动词go和see的后面，根据前一句“有人在按门铃”可知，宾语从句引导要用who，从句要用陈述语气，who指的是someone，所以要用代词he，该题选择C项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A、D项不是陈述语气；

B项it不指人。

【句意】有人在按门铃。去看看他是谁。

14.单选题

Conscience（）himdayandnightafterhesawthemiseriesotherchildwhichwascausedbyhismisdoingswithhisowneyes.

问题1选项

A.racks

B.persecutes

C.maltreats

D.abuses

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A:rack“折磨”；B:persecute“迫害”；C:maltreat“虐待”；D:abuse“滥用”。句意：在他看到其他孩子由于他的失误所造成的痛苦之后，良心一直折磨着他。良心应和折磨搭配，因此A符合题意。

15.单选题

Untilmeninventedwaysofstayingunderwaterformorethanafewminutes,thewondersoftheworldbelowthesurfaceoftheseawerealmostunknown.Themainproblem,ofcourse,liesinair.Howcouldairbesuppliedtoswimmersbelowthesurfaceofthesea?Picturesmadeabout2,900yearsagoinAsiashowmenswimmingunderthesurfacewithairbagstiedtotheirbodies.Apipefromthebagcarriedairintotheswimmer’smouth.Butlittleprogresswasachievedintheinventionofdivingdevicesuntilabout1490,whenthefamousItalianpainter,LeonardodaVinci,designedacompletedivingsuit.

In1680,anItalianprofessorinventedalargeairbagwithaglasswindowtobewornoverthediver’shead.To“clean”theairabreathingpipewentfromtheairbag,throughanotherbagtoremovemoisture,andthenagaintothelargeairbag.Theplandidnotwork,butitgavelaterinventorstheideaofmovingairaroundindivingdevices.

In1819,aGerman,AugustusSiebe,developedawayofforcingairintothehead-coveringbyamachineoperatedabovethewater.Finally,in1837,heinventedthe“hard-hatsuit”thatwastobeusedfornearlyacentury.Ithadametalcoveringfortheheadandanairpipeattachedtoamachineabovethewater.Italsohadsmallopeningstoremoveunwantedair.Butthereweretwodangerstothediverinsidethe“hard-hatsuit”.Onewasthesuddenrisetothesur