考研考博-英语-内蒙古工业大学考试押题卷含答案详解4

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-内蒙古工业大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.不定项选择题

Inforeigntransporttodaythemostpopularandcommonkindofpackingmaterialisfoam（泡沫）plastic.Beforeitscominginthe1950s,however,peopleusedwood,paper,spongeandcottonaswrappers.Woodandpaperwerenotresistibleenoughtointenseshocksthatwereinevitableduringlongdistancetransport;cottonandspongecosttoomuchtobewrappersforordinarygoodslikeglass,porcelainetc.Oftendelicategoodswereputinawoodentrunk;oneachsideandendtherewasalayerofsponge,everyindividualobjectthenwaswrappedbyathicklayerofpaperorcotton.Thiswasverysafeindeed,butthepackingandunpackingmeantagreatdealoflabourandawasteofalotofmoney.

Thearrivaloffoamplasticalmostbroughtarevolutiontotheworld’spackingindustry.Todayitaccountsforthreequartersofpackingmaterialsfordelicategoodswhilecottonandspongehavenearlywithdrawnfromthemodernstageofpackaging.Thisisnothingaccidental:foronethingitisascheapasdirtitself;onetonoffoamplastic,whichoccupiesaspaceofasmuchas1000m³,amountstoonlyUS$260.Itissofterthanwood,andharderthancottonandspongerandpaper,andthereforeamoresuitablewrapperfordelicategoods.Whatismore,itcanbeeasilyshapedbutitsshapeisunchangeablesothatdelicategoodslikecameraswiththeirintruding（外凸的）parts,musicalinstrumentswiththeirirregularshapesandextremedelicacycanbecompletelywrappedandwellprotectedinitwithoutadditionalfillings.Stillanotheradvantageisthatthefoamplasticwrappercanbeusedtosafeguardyourobjectsaslongasitlasts:YoubuyaTVsetinthesupermarket.Thefoamplasticwrapperprotectsitonthewaytoyourhome.Whenyoumovehometenyearslater,thesamewrappercanbepickedoutfromtheboxatthecornerofyourbarnandusedtosafeguardyourTVsettoyournewhome.

1.Whatkindofmaterialisfoamplastic?

2.Wheredidintenseshocksoftenoccur?

3.Whywerecottonandspongenotgoodwrappersforordinarygoods?

4.Whatwastheusualcontainerofdelicategoodsbefore?

5.Whyisfoamplasticsopopular?Thefollowingarethereasonsexcept?

问题1选项

A.Thecheapest

B.Themostpopular

C.Thesafest

D.Thehardest

问题2选项

A.Duringlongdistancetransport

B.Inawoodentrunk

C.Infreighttransporttoday

D.Inamessyshop

问题3选项

A.Toosoft

B.Tooexpensive

C.Toocheap

D.Toohard

问题4选项

A.Awoodentrunk

B.Alayerofsponge

C.Alayerofpaper

D.Alayerofplastic

问题5选项

A.itischeap

B.itsshapeisunchangeable

C.itcanbeusedformanytimestoprotectthesameobject

D.itisdirtitselfandcanbegoteverywhere

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。由第一段第一句Inforeigntransporttodaythemostpopularandcommonkindofpackingmaterialisfoamplastic（在如今的国外运输中，泡沫塑料是最流行和最常见的包装材料）可知，B选项“最受欢迎的”符合题意。

第2题:事实细节题。由第一段第三句Woodandpaperwerenotresistibleenoughtointenseshocksthatwereinevitableduringlongdistancetransport（木材和纸的抗冲击能力不足以应对长途运输中不可避免的强烈冲击）可知长途运输中，强烈的冲击是无法避免的，因此A选项“在长途运输中”符合题意。

第3题:事实细节题。由第一段第三句cottonandspongecosttoomuchtobewrappersforordinarygoodslikeglass,porcelainetc.（作为玻璃、瓷器等普通商品的包装，棉花和海绵太贵了）可知，B选项“太昂贵了”符合题意。

第4题:事实细节题。题目为“以前通常用来装精致物品的容器是什么”，关键词是容器。由第一段第四句Oftendelicategoodswereputinawoodentrunk（精致的物品通常被装在一个木箱里）可知A选项“一个木制的箱子”符合题意。

第5题:事实细节题。题目为“下列哪一项不是泡沫塑料受欢迎的原因”，由第二段第三句中的itisascheapasdirtitself（它像泥土一样便宜）可排除A选项，同时也可推断出D选项“它本身就是泥土，随处可取”是文中没有提及的，因此D选项符合题意。由第二段第五句中的itsshapeisunchangeable（它的形状是不变的）可排除B选项；由文章最后一句可知，同样的电视包装，10年后还可以继续用来保护同一个电视，可以排除C选项“它可以被多次用来保护同一对象”。

2.单选题

Surprisinglyperhaps,thebiggest

healthriskfortouriststravellingabroadisactuallyroadtrafficaccidents.

问题1选项

A.potential

B.theoretical

C.definite

D.alternative

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。potential“潜在的，可能的”；theoretical“理论的；理论上的”；definite“一定的，确切的”；alternative“供选择的；选择性的”。句意：也许令人惊讶的是，对出国旅游的游客来说，最大的潜在健康风险实际上是道路交通事故。选项A符合题意。

3.单选题

Oneoftheseriousproblemsfacingusis（）ofhowtogetmorewaterformantouse.

问题1选项

A.that

B.it

C.which

D.what

【答案】A

【解析】句意:我们面临的一个严重问题是如何获得更多的水供人类使用。

语法题。考查从句。空格后面是is的表语，因此后面部分只能是名词性结构或者从句。这里用that指代前面的problem，故选A。

4.单选题

Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby（）themthatImanagedtogetthemon.

问题1选项

A.spreading

B.squeezing

C.extending

D.stretching

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。spread“传播，散步”；squeeze“压榨，榨取”;extend“延长，扩展”；stretch“伸展，拉伸”。句意：这副手套太小了，只有不停地拉伸它才能将它戴上。选项D符合题意。

5.单选题

Theconstructionofandtheoriesreflectsthescientists’interpretationof（

）whathasbeenobserved.

问题1选项

A.prototypes

B.hypotheses

C.fantasies

D.imaginations

【答案】B

【解析】名词词义辨析A选项prototype“原型，雏形”；B选项hypothesis“假说，假设”；C选项fantasy“幻想，空想”；D选项imagination“想象力，想象”；根据由and连接与空格所填词语并列的theories可以确定，题干强调的是“研究的假设和理论”，所以B选项正确。

6.翻译题

1.NaggingconcernsabouttheglobaleconomicdownturnandrisingunemploymentareforcingmanyyoungBritonstothinktwiceabouttyingtheknotthisyear,athink-tanksaidonSaturday.

Almost80percentofyoungBritishcoupleslivingtogetherwanttogetmarried,thethinktankCivitassaid,butwouldreconsidertheirweddingplansduetoincreasingjoblossesascompaniescutcostsandlayoffworkers.

2.“Astherecessionbitesit’sgoingtobeharderforpartnerstomakethatcommitment—withoutfinancialstabilityandjobstheywon’thavetheconfidencetosay‘Ido’,”thedirectoroffamilyandeducationatCivitas,said.

Thestudy,whichsurveyed1,560adultsagedbetween20to35,alsofoundthatfor50percentofthepeoplemakingacommitmentwasthemostThestudy,whichsurveyed1,560adultsagedbetween20to35,alsofoundthatfor50percentofthepeoplemakingacommitmentwasthemostimportantreasontogetmarried,andonlytwopercentconsideredmarriagefortaxadvantages.

“Ifmyboyfriendaskedmenow,thenIwouldstillsay‘yes’,butIwouldn’twastemymoneyforahigh-profilewedding,”JennyBrown,anemployeeworksinLondon’scentralfinancialdistrict.

ButDeWaalsaidtherecessionwouldhaveaseriousimpactonplanningalifetogether.

“Thisisnotaboutbeingabletoaffordafancyweddingdressfor10,000poundsornot.”

3.ABritishSocialAttitudessurveyinJanuaryfoundthatyoungpeopleshowedalesstraditionalattitudetowardsmarriageandwouldputtheircareersfirst.

About40percentofpeopleagedbetween18to34saidmarriagewasstillthe“bestkindofrelationship,”comparedwith84percentofpeopleaged65andover,itsaid.

【答案】1.英国一家智库机构上周六称，对全球经济衰退的担忧和不断上升的失业率让英国很多年轻人不得不重新考虑结婚计划。

2.Civitas家庭和教育事务主管阿纳斯塔西娅•德瓦尔说：“受经济衰退的影响，下决心结婚也将变得更加困难，没有稳定的收入和工作，人们没有信心说‘我愿意’”。

3.今年1月开展的一项“英国社会态度”调查发现，年轻人对婚姻的态度已经不那么传统了，他们倾向于将职业发展放在首位。

7.单选题

Thebittercomponentsinthevegetableswillbereleasedincookingandeventuallythisbitternesswilldissipate.

问题1选项

A.discourage

B.distress

C.uncover

D.dissolve

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.discourage阻止；使气馁B.distress使悲痛；使贫困

C.uncover发现；揭开D.dissolve溶解；消失

【考查点】动词辨析

【解题思路】根据前文苦味成分（Thebittercomponents）会在烹饪过程中释放出来（bereleased）推测，苦味被释放后，就慢慢没有了，D选项dissolve“溶解；消失”符合句意。原词dissipate“消散”。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语境。

【句意】蔬菜中的苦味成分会在烹饪过程中释放出来，最终这种苦味会消散。

8.单选题

Centuriesofwindandrainhadwornawaythe（）onthegravestones.

问题1选项

A.descriptions

B.prescriptions

C.inscriptions

D.conscriptions

【答案】C

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。description“描述，描写”；prescription“药方；指示”；inscription“题词，铭文”；conscription“征兵，征用”。句意：几百年的风风雨雨早已把墓碑上的铭文侵蚀掉了。选项C符合题意。

9.单选题

Line,shape,ortexturemaybethepredominantelementaccordingtotheprintingtechniqueused.

问题1选项

A.inadditionto

B.inorderto

C.regardlessof

D.dependingon

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。A项inadditionto“除……之外（还有，也）”，B项inorderto“为了”，C项regardlessof“不顾，不管”，D项dependon“取决于，依赖，依靠”。句意：根据使用的印刷技术，线条、形状或纹理可能是主要的元素。accordingto在句中表示“根据”，四个选项中意思与之相近的是D项。因此，该题选择D项。

10.单选题

Wehaveacrisisonourhands.Youmeanglobalwarming?Theworldeconomy?No,thedeclineofreading.Peoplearejustnotdoingitanymore,especiallytheyoung.Who’sresponsible?Actually,it’smorelike,Whatisresponsible?TheInternet,ofcourse,andeverythingthatcomeswithit—Facebook,Twitter(微博).Youcanwriteyourownlist.

There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.Nonedid.Readingsurvived;infactitnotonlysurvived,ithasflourished.Theworldismoreliteratethaneverbefore—therearemoreandmorereaders,andmoreandmorebooks.

Thefactthatweoftengetourreadingmaterialonlinetodayisnotsomethingweshouldworryover.Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.Takethearrivalofe-bookreadersasanexample.DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.

Astechnologymakesnewwaysofwritingpossible,newwaysofreadingarepossible.Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.Wheretraditionalbookshadtomakedowithphotographsandillustrations,ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos,inthefuture,thewaypeoplewritenovels,history,andphilosophywillresemblenothingseeninthepast.

Ontheotherhand,thereisthedangeroftrivialization.OneTwittergroupisofferingitsfollowerssingle-sentence-long“digests”ofthegreatnovels.WarandPeaceinasentence?Youmustbejoking.Weshouldfearthefragmentationofreading.Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.

Insuchafast-changingworld,inwhichrealityseemstoberemadeeachday,weneedtheabilitytofocusandunderstandwhatishappeningtous.Thishasalwaysbeenthefunctionofliteratureandweshouldbecarefulnottoletitdisappear.Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.

Inthe15thcentury,JohannesGuttenberg’sinventionoftheprintingpressinEuropehadahugeimpactoncivilization.Onceuponatimethephysicalbookwasachallengingthing.Weshouldrememberthisbeforeweassumethattechnologyisouttodestroytraditionalculture.

1.Whichofthefollowingparagraphsbrieflyreviewsthehistoricalchallengesforreading?

2.Thefollowingareallcitedasadvantagesofe-booksEXCEPT（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingcanbebesttodescribehowtheauthorfeelstowardsingle-sentence-longnovels?

4.Accordingtothepassage,peopleneedknowledgeofmoderntechnologyand（）tosurviveinthefast-changingsociety.

5.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

问题1选项

A.ParagraphOne

B.ParagraphTwo

C.ParagraphThree

D.ParagraphFour

问题2选项

A.multimodalcontent

B.environmentalfriendliness

C.convenienceforreaders

D.imaginativedesign

问题3选项

A.Ironic

B.Worried

C.Sarcastic

D.Doubtful

问题4选项

A.goodjudgment

B.highsensitivity

C.goodimagination

D.theabilitytofocus

问题5选项

A.Technologypushesthewayforwardforreadingandwriting

B.Interconnectivityisafeatureofnewreadingexperience

C.Technologyisanopportunityandachallengefortraditionalreading

D.Technologyoffersagreatervarietyofreadingpractice

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:A

第5题:C

【解析】1.段落大意题。题干：哪一个段落简要回顾了阅读的历史挑战？根据题干关键词historicalchallengesforreading定位至第二段第1-2句There’sbeenawarningabouttheimminentdeathofliteratecivilizationforalongtime.Inthe20thcentury,firstitwasthemovies,thenradio,thentelevisionthatseemedtospelldoomforthewrittenworld.（很长一段时间以来，一直有关于文化文明即将灭亡的警告。在20世纪，首先是电影，然后是广播，然后是电视，似乎预示着文字世界的毁灭。），第一句话表明本段将会回顾阅读在以前的历史时期经历过的挑战，第二句话就说明了曾经有来自于哪几方面的挑战，所以B选项“第二段”，是本题的正确答案；文章第一段讲的是当今阅读面临衰退的危机及原因；第三段讲我们其实无需对现代科技发展过虑；第四段的中心是现代科技带给阅读的好处，所以都应排除。综上所述，本题的正确答案是B选项。

2.事实细节题。题干：以下都被认为是电子书的优点，除了_______。由题干定位到文章第三段最后一句话DeviceslikeKindlemakereadingmoreconvenientandarealotmoreenvironmentallyfriendlythanthetraditionalpaperbook.（像Kindle这样的阅读设备比传统的纸质书更方便，也更环保），所以B选项“环境友好”和C选项“方便读者”，符合题意；第四段第三句指出ane-bookcanprovidereaderswithanunlimitednumberoflinks:totexts,pictures,andvideos（电子书可以为读者提供无限数量的链接:文本、图片和视频），可见电子图书的内容丰富形式多样，A选项“多模式的内容”是对该句中提及优势的概括，所以A选项也符合题意；第四段的第二句话Interconnectivityallowsforthepossibilityofareadingexperiencethatwasbarelyimaginablebefore.（互联性使阅读经验成为可能，这是以前几乎无法想象的。），是说阅读经历是从前无法想象的，而不是电子图书的设计具有想象力，故D选项“富有想象力的设计”，属于曲解文章意思。综上所述，本题的正确答案是D选项。

3.推理判断题。题干：以下哪个选项能最好地描述作者对单句小说的感觉？由题干的关键词“single-sentence-long”定位至第五段。该段首句作者就指出thereisthedangeroftrivialization（有一个风险是阅读的浅薄化），并在该段最后一句中指出Thereisthedangerthatthehigh-speedconnectivityoftheInternetwillreduceourattentionspan—thatwewillbeincapableofreadinganythingoflengthorwhichrequiresdeepconcentration.（目前存在的危险是：互联网的高速连接会减少我们注意力的持续时间，结果是我们不能够阅读长篇论著，或是阅读需要高度集中注意力的书籍。），这些均表明了作者的担心，故B选项“担心的”，符合题意；A选项“讽刺的”，C选项“挖苦的”和D选项“怀疑的”，根据文义，作者并无讽刺，怀疑的意思，排除A、C、D选项。综上所述，本题正确答案是B选项。

4.事实细节题。题干：根据文章，人们需要现代技术和_______的知识来在快速变化的社会中生存。根据题干定位到文章第六段最后一句话Oursocietyneedstobeabletoimaginethepossibilityofsomeoneutterlyintunewithmodemtechnologybutabletomakesenseofadynamic,confusingworld.（我们的社会需要能够想象出这样一种可能性：一个人与现代技术完全合拍，但又能够理解一个动态的、令人困惑的世界。），可知knowledgeofmoderntechnology对应intunewithmoderntechnology，而makesenseofadynamic，confusingworld则对应A选项“良好的判断力”，故A选项为答案。B选项“高度敏感性”，C选项“丰富的想象力”和D选项“集中注意力的能力”与原句中makesenseof的意思相距甚远，故排除。综上所述，本题正确答案是A选项。

5.主旨大意题。题干：文章的主题思想是？本文开篇提到了互联网的出现对阅读造成的影响。之后回顾了过去科技的发展曾经对阅读构成的威胁，接着讲到阅读的新趋势和方式。第五段说明科技的发展对阅读所造成的具体影响。第六段提到现实世界中需要什么样的人——既适应现代技术的发展,又理解现在的变化。末段提到阅读本身也曾经是个挑战，引发人们思考如何应对现代科技对阅读构成的威胁。虽然文章没有明确提出中心思想，首段还提到互联网造成了阅读人数的下降，但随后各部分内容并没有对科技发展做出否定，而是为人们指明了正确的方向和途径，尤其末段说明了事物的两面性，C选项“技术对于传统阅读来说既是机遇，也是挑战”，很好地概括了文章的主旨大意，故为正确答案。由第三段第二句Theelectronicanddigitalrevolutionofthelasttwodecadeshasarguablyshownthewayforwardforreadingandforwriting.（过去二十年的电子和数字革命可以说为阅读和写作指明了前进的道路。），可知A选项“科技推动了阅读和写作的发展”是该段内容，而非全文中心意思，故排除；B选项“互联性是新阅读体验的特征”是对第四段第二句的解释，属于细节内容，故排除；D选项“科技提供了更多种类的阅读实践”是对第四段第三句的概括，与主旨无关，故排除。综上所述，本题正确答案是C选项。

11.单选题

Thepresidentappearstohavebeen（

）whenhepromisedtotrytobalancethenationalbudget.

问题1选项

A.inearnest

B.inperson

C.inprivate

D.inreality

【答案】A

【解析】inearnest认真地，诚挚地；inperson亲自地；inprivate秘密地，私下地；inreality实际上；事实上。句意：当总统承诺努力平衡国家预算时，他似乎是认真的。选项A符合句意。

12.单选题

JackwasabouttoannounceourplanbutI（

）.

问题1选项

A.puthimthrough

B.turnedhimout

C.gavehimup

D.cuthimshort

【答案】D

【解析】词组辨析题。A选项putthrough“接通，完成”；B选项turnout“结果是”；C选项giveup“放弃”；D选项cutshort“打断，缩减”。句意：杰克正要宣布我们的计划，但我打断了他。选项D更符合语境。

13.单选题

Bythelatenineteenthcentury,thefocusfortheengineersandbuildersoftunnelswasbeginningtoshiftfromEuropetotheUnitedStatesandespeciallyNewYork,wheretheriversencirclingManhattancapturedtheimaginationoftunnelersandchallengedtheiringenuity.ThefirsttoacceptthechallengewasasomewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin,whoturnedupinNewYorkinthe1870’swithaproposaltotunnelthroughthesitundertheHudsonRiverbetweenManhattanandJerseyCity.

Haskineventuallyabandonedtheriskyproject.ButacompanyorganizedbyWilliamMcAdooresumedtheattackin1902,workingfrombothdirections.McAdoo’smenwereforcedtoblastwhentheyranintoanunexpectedledgeofrock,butwiththisobstaclesurmountedthetwoheadingsmetin1904andMcAdoodonnedoilskinstobecometheHudson’sfirstunderwaterbank-to-bankpedestrian.World’sWorkmagazineproudlyreportedin1906thatNewYorkcouldnowbedescribedasabodyoflandsurroundedbytunnels.Threeone-wayshaftsbeneaththeHudsonandtwoundertheHarlemRiverwerealreadyholedthrough;threemoreHudsontubeswerebeingbuilt.EightseparatetunnelswereunderconstructionbeneaththeEastRiver.

1.Accordingtothepassage,DeWittClintonHaskincamefrom________.

2.WhatdoestheauthorimplyaboutDeWittClintonHaskin’sbackground?

3.Accordingtothepassage,whendidWilliamMcAdoobegintoworkontheHudsonRivertunnel?

4.Accordingtothepassage,theworkerstunnelingforWilliamMcAdooweresurprisedtofindwhichofthefollowingwheretheywereworking?

5.ThequotationfromWorld’sWorkmagazineintroducesfactsabout________.

问题1选项

A.JerseyCity

B.Europe

C.California

D.NewYork

问题2选项

A.Itdidnotqualifyhimtohandleexplosives.

B.Itwasnotsomethingpeopleknewmuchabout.

C.Itincludeddiverseworkexperiences.

D.Itincludedmanyinferiorprojects.

问题3选项

A.1870

B.1902

C.1904

D.1906

问题4选项

A.Oil

B.Silt

C.Rock

D.Shafts

问题5选项

A.citiesthatwerebuildingnewtunnelstoManhattan

B.people’sconcernevetheweakeningofthecity’sfoundation

C.theroleofNewYorkCityinpromotingengineering

D.thenumberoftunnelsbeingbuiltatthetime

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句somewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin（有点神秘的加利福尼亚人德威特•克林顿•哈斯金），可知C选项“加利福尼亚”正确，A选项“泽西城”，B选项“欧洲”和D选项“纽约”错误。因此C选项正确。

2.事实细节题。根据第一段第二句somewhatmysteriousCaliforniannamedDeWittClintonHaskin（有点神秘的加利福尼亚人德威特•克林顿•哈斯金），可知B选项“人们对他了解不多”正确，A选项“他没有资格操作炸药”，C选项“有不同的工作经历”和D选项“有许多劣质的工程”不符合题意。因此B选项正确。

3.事实细节题。根据第二段第二句ButacompanyorganizedbyWilliamMcAdooresumedtheattackin1902,workingfrombothdirections.（但在1902年，威廉•麦卡杜的公司恢复了工程，并且从两个方向开展修建工作。），可知B选项“1902年”正确，A选项“1870年”，C选项“1904年”和D选项“1906年”错误。因此B选项正确。

4.事实细节题。根据第二段第三句McAdoo’smenwereforcedtoblastwhentheyranintoanunexpectedledgeofrock（麦卡杜的工人出乎意料地撞到一块岩石时被迫爆破），可知C选项“岩石”正确，A选项“油”，B选项“淤泥”和D选项“竖井”错误。因此C选项正确。

5.推理判断题。根据文章最后一、二句Threeone-wayshaftsbeneaththeHudsonandtwoundertheHarlemRiverwerealreadyholedthrough;threemoreHudsontubeswerebeingbuilt.EightseparatetunnelswereunderconstructionbeneaththeEastRiver.（在哈德逊河下面有三个单向井，哈勒姆河下面有两个竖井已经打通；另外三条哈德逊隧道正在建造中。在东河下方，八个独立的隧道正在建设中。），可知这里介绍的是D选项“当时正在修建的隧道数量”。A选项“正在修建通往曼哈顿的新隧道的城市”，B选项“人们担心城市基础的削弱”和C选项“纽约市在促进工程方面的作用”不符合题意。因此D选项正确。

14.单选题

Allthepublicfacilitiesrequirecontinuousspendingonnewequipmentandnewdevelopmentiftheyaretoserveusproperly,requiringmoremoneythan,（

）throughtaxesalone.

问题1选项

A.raised

B.israised

C.toraise

D.raising

【答案】B

【解析】从句中的省略。分析句子意思‘如果我们想要所有的公共设施更好地我们服务，就需要不断投入新的设备和进行改善，所以单独由税收所筹集的钱是远远不够的’和结构可知，如果将此处还原成完整的句子应为requiringmoremoneythanitisraisedthroughtaxedalone,从句中省略了主语it，B选项正确。

15.单选题

Tidalactionisaverycomplicatedphenomenoninvolvingmanyfactorsallofwhichmustbeconsideredtopredicttideinanyoneplaceandatanyonetime.Thealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseasandtheoceanismainlycausedbytheattractiveforceofthemoonalone.Whentheattractionisgreat,thetideishigh;andconverselywhentheattractionisminimal,thetideislow.Betweenthehightideandthelowtideisaperiodofalittleoversixhours,beingcalledduringitsriseafloodtide,andduringitsfallanebbtide.

Thesunalsoexertsitseffectonthetide,beingalittlelessthanhalfasmuchasthemoon,althoughit’smassissomuchgreater.Whenthemoonandthesunarehorizontal,thehighesthightideoccursandwhentheyareverticalthelowestlowtidetakesplace.

Thewindalsoplaysanimportantpartinthemodificationofthenormalriseandfallofthetide.Thusthesefactorsaffecteachother,eitherdistractingoraddingtotheattractiveforcestoaddorsubtractfromtheheightofthetide.Butthetidesstillmoveinexorablyon,risingtwiceaday,gettinglittlelatereachdayandposingaproblemofcorrectlypredictingtheirheightsandlows.

46.Theprincipalideasofthearticleconcerns（）.

47.WhichofthefollowingfactorsisNOTmentionedasaffectingthetide?

48.Itcanbeconcludedfromthearticlethattheattractionofthesunis（）.

49.Ifthefirsthightidetakesplaceat1:00a.m.thenexthightidewillprobablytakeplaceat（）.

50.Accordingtothearticle,itisclearthattheroleofthemoon（）.

问题1选项

A.theattractionofthesunandthemoon

B.tidalwaves

C.thesun,themoonandthewind

D.featureswhichaffectthetide

问题2选项

A.Thesun

B.Themoon

C.Thewinds

D.Thedepthoftheocean

问题3选项

A.lessthanhalfthatofthemoon

B.morethanhalfthatofthemoon

C.morethanthatofthemoon

D.lessthantwicethatofthemoon

问题4选项

A.7:20a.m.

B.8:00a.m.

C.1:45p.m.

D.highnoon

问题5选项

A.isnotasimportantasthatofthewind

B.islessthanthatofthesun

C.causesthealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseas

D.haslittleinfluenceonthetide

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:C

【解析】46.主旨大意题。根据本文的第一句Tidalactionisaverycomplicatedphenomenoninvolvingmanyfactorsallofwhichmustbeconsideredtopredicttideinanyoneplaceandatanyonetime.（潮汐运动是一个非常复杂的现象，涉及了很多必须考虑的因素，来预测在任何地方和任何时间发生的潮汐运动。）接着详细介绍了产生潮汐的主要因素。A选项“太阳和月亮的引力”；B选项“潮汐波”；C选项“太阳、月亮、风”，ABC选项只是文中讲到的一些片面信息，不能作为整体概述。D选项“引起潮汐的特征”正确，本文主要列举了引起潮汐的一些因素。故选D。

47.客观细节题。影响潮汐的因素可以看到第一段的第二句Thealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseasandtheoceanismainlycausedbytheattractiveforceofthemoonalone.（海洋表面的交替上升和下降主要是由月球的吸引力引起的。）第二段第一句Thesunalsoexertsitseffectonthetide.（太阳也会对潮汐有影响。）第三段第一句Thewindalsoplaysanimportantpartinthemodificationofthenormalriseandfallofthetide.（风也在影响潮汐正常上升和下降的过程中起着重要的作用。）唯独D选项“海洋的深度”并未有提及，故选D。

48.推理判断题。定位在第二段第一句Thesunalsoexertsitseffectonthetide,beingalittlelessthanhalfasmuchasthemoon,althoughitsmassissomuchgreater.（太阳对潮汐也发挥了作用，虽然它的体积狠大，但是，它的作用还不及月亮作用的一半。）由此可知，太阳对潮汐的影响比月亮的少了一半。由此可知A选项“不及月球的一半”正确。即可排除B选项“超过月亮的一半”和C选项“比月球还要多”，D选项“比月球的影响少两倍”错误。故选A。

49.推理判断题。定位在第一段的最后一句Betweenthehightideandthelowtideisaperiodofalittleoversixhours,beingcalledduringitsriseafloodtide,andduringitsfallanebbtide.（高潮和低潮之间的时间差超过六小时，上升时被称之为涨潮，下降时被称之为退潮。）题目中第一次的高潮发生在上午1点，那么接下来会有超过6个小时的低潮期，下次高潮的时间就还需要再加上6个小时。由此推理，时间要超过12个小时。同理可排除ABD选项。故选C。

50.客观细节题。定位在第一段的第二句Thealternateriseandfallofthesurfaceoftheseasandtheoceanismainlycausedbytheattractiveforceofthemoonalone.（海洋表面的交替上升和下降主要是由月球的吸引力引起的。）A选项“不像风那么重要”，B选项“比太阳的影响小”，D选项“对潮汐的影响很小”均表述有误。选项C“导致海平面交替上升和下降”正确。故选C。

16.单选题

Whenyoufillintheapplicationform,pleaseuseyour（

）addresssothatwecancontactyoueasilylater.

问题1选项

A.policy

B.plain

C.permanent

D.principal

【答案】C

【解析】【试题解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项policy“政策，方针”；B选项plain“平的，简单的”；C选项permanent“永久的，永恒的”；D选项principal“主要的；资本的”。句意为：当您填写申请表时，请使用您的固定地址，以便我们以后容易联系您。C选项permanent“永久的，永恒的”符合语境，正确答案选C。

17.单选题

Sciencesuggeststhatthegreaterpartofanoptimisticoutlookcanbe（

）withtherightinstruction.

问题1选项

A.acquired

B.imposed

C.traced

D.fabricated

【答案】A

【解析】考察动词辨析。acquired获得；imposed强加；traced追踪；fabricated伪造。句意：科学表明乐观的前景大都可以通过正确的教导获得。选项A符合句意。

18.单选题

ThelandscapeoftheGiant’sCauseway,lurkingbelowthegauntseawallwherethelandends,musthavestruckwonderintotheheartsoftheancientIrish,whosubsequentlyfeltinspiredandcreatedlegendsaboutitsbuilder:thegiantFinnMcCool.TheCausewayCoasthasanunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformationsrepresentingvolcanicactivityduringtheEarlyTertiaryPeriodsome5060millionyearsago.ItsTertiarylavasoftheAntrimPlateau,coveringsome3,800sqkm,representthelargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.

TheCausewayisamassofbasaltcolumnspackedtightlytogether.Thetopsofthecolumnsformsteppingstonesthatleadfromtheclifffootanddisappearunderthesea.Altogetherthereare40,000ofthesestonecolumns,mostlyhexagonal,butsomearequadrangular,pentagonal,heptagonalandoctagonal.Thetallestateabout40feethigh,andthesolidifiedlavainthecliffsis90feetthickinplaces.

AfinecircularwalkwilltakeyoudowntotheGiant’sCauseway,pastamphitheatresofstonecolumnsandformationswithfancifulnamesliketheHoneycomb,theWishingWell,andtheGiant’sGranny,pastawoodenstaircasetoBenbaneHead,andbackalongthecliff-top.Furtherdownthecoast,thestunningCarrick-a-rederopebridgespansagapingchasmbetweenthecoastandasmallislandusedbyfishermen.Theeighty-footdropcanbecrossedviatheswingingbridge―andisnotforthefaint-hearted!

TheGiant’sCausewayandCausewayCoastsitewasinscribedasaWorldHeritageSitebyUNESCOin1986.ThesiteisofoutstandinguniversalvalueandmeetsthecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention.Namely,itisanoutstandingexamplerepresentingmajorstagesoftheearth’shistoryincludingtherecordoflife:significanton-goinggeologicalprocessesinlandformdevelopments,andsignificantgeomorphicandphysiographicfeatures;moreover,italsocontainssuperlativenaturalphenomenaandareasofexceptionalnaturalbeautyandaestheticimportance.

MoyleDistrictCouncil’sCausewayVisitorCentreisopendailyallyearroundandlocatedontheclifftop1kmfromthesite.TheCentreistheidealstartingpointforwalksalongthecoastalandcliff-toppaths,providingallexcellentrangeofvisitorservices.A12-minuteaudio-visualpresentation,withcommentaryavailablein5Europeanlanguages,enablesvisitorstofurtherexploretheoriginsoftheGiant’sCausewaythroughlocalfolkloreandscientifictheory,andhighlightsthemanyotherattractionsoftheCausewayCoastandGlensofAntrimarea.

50.TheGiant’sCausewaywascreatedby______.

51.ThelastsentenceinParagraph3impliesthatthetripontheswingingbridgeisquite______.

52.WhichoftheGiant’sCauseway’sfeaturesbestfitswiththecriteriasetintheWorldHeritageConvention?

53.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueoftheGiant’sCauseway?

问题1选项

A.theancientIrishpeople

B.thegiantFinnMcCool

C.thevolcanicactivities

D.thedriftoflavaplateau

问题2选项

A.inviting

B.intimidating

C.eye-opening

D.heart-breaking

问题3选项

A.Itsunparalleleddisplayofgeologicalformations.

B.Itsamphitheatreswithfancilynamedstonecolumns.

C.ItslargestremaininglavaplateauinEurope.

D.Itsswingingropebridgebetweenthecoastandalittleisle.

问题4选项

A.Itprovidesvisitorsgrandandbreath-takingviews.

B.ItisasourceofliteraryinspirationfortheancientIrish.

C.Itservesasanexcellentpieceofmaterialforscientificresearch.

D.ItdwarfsmanyotherWorldHeritageSitesinEurope.

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:D

【解析】50.【试题答案】C

【试题解析】推理判断题。题干意思是“巨人之路是由……创造的”。根据文章第一句The