考研考博-英语-东北电力大学考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东北电力大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Andersonheldouthisarmsto（）theattack,butthesharkgrabbedhisrightforearmanddived.

问题1选项

A.turnoff

B.wardoff

C.triggeroff

D.calloff

【答案】B

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项turnoff“关掉”；B选项wardoff“避开、挡住”；C选项triggeroff“引起、激起”；D选项calloff“取消、放弃”，句意为：安德森伸出双臂挡住鲨鱼的攻击，但鲨鱼咬住他的右前臂，潜入水中。wardoff“避开、挡住”符合题意，因此选B。

2.单选题

AnarchitectofIsraelisettlementsintheoccupiedlands,Mr.Sharongainedinternational（）overtheyearsforharshtacticsagainstthePalestiniansover（）Israelruled.

问题1选项

A.fame...which

B.infamy...which

C.infamy...whom

D.fame...whom

【答案】C

【解析】名词词义辨析和语法。fame“名声”；infamy“声名狼藉”。根据句子结构，可知空格中应该填入关系代词引导定语从句，修饰前面的名词Palestinians，因为先行词是人，所以关系代词选用whom，句意：Mr.Sharon因为对由以色列人统治的巴基斯坦人的残酷手段在国际上声名狼藉。选项C符合题意。

3.单选题

Hecouldnot（）hislatearrivalattheconference.

问题1选项

A.contributeto

B.countfor

C.accountfor

D.leaveout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。contributeto“有助于”；countfor“有价值”；accountfor“对……负有责任；对……做出解释”;leaveout“遗漏，省去”。根据后面“他开会迟到”，可知是为开会迟到做解释，因此选项C符合题意。

4.单选题

Sometimesithasbeenarguedthattheevolutionwas___andmorerecentlystillithasbeenarguedthatnoevolutionineitherdirectiontookplace.

问题1选项

A.ontheotherhand

B.theotherwayround

C.onthegrounds

D.theotherwayabout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组。A选项ontheotherhand“另一方面”；B选项theotherwayround“相反”；C选项onthegrounds“是基于事实的”；D选项theotherwayabout“相反地，以相反方式”。句意：有时人们争论说进化是基于事实的，而最近人们还争论说没有朝任何一个方向发生进化。结合句意判断出C选项正确。

5.单选题

Inthecollectedbodyofwritingwecallliterature,theremaybedistinguishedtwoseparategroupingscapableofblending,butalsofittedforreciprocalrepulsion.Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.Thefunctionofthefirstistoteach;thefunctionofthesecondistomove.Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding;thesecondspeaksultimatelytothehigherunderstandingorreason,butalwaysthroughtheaffectionsofpleasureandsympathy.Wheneverwetalkinordinarylanguageofseekinginformationorgainingknowledge,weunderstandtheworksasconnectedwithabsolutenovelty.Butitisthegrandeurofalltruthwhichcanoccupyaveryhighplaceinhumaninterests,althoughitmaynotbeabsolutelynoveleventothemeanestofminds.

Whatdowelearnfrom“ParadiseLost”?Nothingatall.Whatdowelearnfromacookbook?Somethingnew,somethingwedidnotknowbefore,ineveryparagraph.Butwouldwethereforeputthewretchedcookbookonahigherlevelofestimationthanthedivinepoem?WhatweowetoMiltonisnotanyknowledge,ofwhichamillionseparateitemsarestillbutamillionadvancingstepsonthesameearthlylevel.Whatweoweispower,thatis,exerciseandexpansionofyourownlatentcapacityofsympathywiththeinfinite,whereeverypulseandeachseparateinfluxisastepupwards—astepascendingasuponJacob’sladderfromearthtomysteriousaltitudesabovetheearth.Allthestepsofknowledge,fromfirsttolast,carryusfartheronthesameplane,butcouldneverraiseusonefootaboveyourancientlevelonearth,whereas,theveryfirststepofpowerisflight—anascendingintoanotherelementwhereearthisforgotten.

1.Thepassageiswrittento（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,theliteratureofknowledgeare（

）.

3.Thesentence“Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding”means（

）.

4.Thetrueimplicationconcerningthecomparisonbetween“ParadiseLost”andacookbookis（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementscanbeinferredfromthepassage?

问题1选项

A.differentiatebetweentheattainmentoffactualknowledgeandthearrivalatphilosophicalunderstanding

B.disparageintellectualactivitiesandtheattainmentoflearning

C.encouragemysticismasadesirablephilosophicalgoal

D.inspirewriterstoproducemorepracticalbooks

问题2选项

A.teacher’sbooks

B.booksfromwhichweseekinformationorgainknowledge

C.informativeliteraryworks

D.booksabouttherudder

问题3选项

A.Thefirstclassificationofliteratureisonlyforreaderwithdiscursiveunderstanding.

B.Booksteachingknowledgearenotsologicallyproducedasphilosophicalreaders.

C.Theliteratureofknowledgeareunderstoodasrandomworks.

D.Toreadabookinthefirstclassificationofliteratureinvolvesonlyalower,discursiveunderstandingonthepartofthereader.

问题4选项

A.“ParadiseLost”ismoreinformativethanacookbook

B.bothbooksareequallyevaluated

C.wretchedasitis,acookbookismorevaluablethan“ParadiseLost”，fromwhichwelearnnothingatall

D.“ParadiseLost”isgreaterthanacookbook

问题5选项

A.Wehavegainedmostofourknowledgefromthereadingofpoliticaltreatises.

B.Thefirststeponthemoonwasmankind’smostimportantmoment.

C.Recipeforbreadisworthathousandpoems.

D.Greatliteraturemustaddressitselftofundamentalphilosophicaltruthsratherthantomaterialprogress.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】1.意图题。由第一段“Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.第一种是知识文学，第二种是力量文学。”以及后文对两者进行对比分析，可知本文主要是阐述了知识文学与力量文学的差异。故A项正确。

2.细节事实题。由第一段“Thereisfirsttheliteratureofknowledge,andsecondlytheliteratureofpower.Thefunctionofthefirstistoteach;thefunctionofthesecondistomove.首先是知识的文学，其次是力量的文学。第一种文学的功能是教化;第二种文学的功能是动之以情。”可知B项“知识文学是我们可以从中获取信息和知识的书籍。”正确。A、C、D三项都是属于知识文学中的一种，不能将知识文学归为其中的某一类。

3.推理判断题。由第一段“Thefirstspeakstothemerediscursiveunderstanding;thesecondspeaksultimatelytothehigherunderstandingorreason,butalwaysthroughtheaffectionsofpleasureandsympathy.第一种文学只是纯粹的散乱无章的理解；第二种文学最终指向更高层次的理解或理性，但总是通过愉悦和同情的情感。”可知知识文学在逻辑理解方面不如力量文学严密。故B项正确。

4.推理判断题。由第二段“Butwouldwethereforeputthewretchedcookbookonahigherlevelofestimationthanthedivinepoem?WhatweowetoMiltonisnotanyknowledge,ofwhichamillionseparateitemsarestillbutamillionadvancingstepsonthesameearthlylevel.但是，我们会因此把这本拙劣的烹饪书置于比神圣的诗歌更高的评价水平吗?我们从弥尔顿那里得到的并不是什么知识，即使有一百万个不同的东西，也不过是在同一个地球上前进了一百万步而已。”可知作者将这两个作品进行对比，肯定了ParadiseLost的价值，给予了其更高的评价。故D项正确。

5.主旨大意题。本文将知识文学和力量文学进行了对比，并表达了对力量文学的肯定。由最后一段“Allthestepsofknowledge,fromfirsttolast,carryusfartheronthesameplane,butcouldneverraiseusonefootaboveyourancientlevelonearth,whereas,theveryfirststepofpowerisflight—anascendingintoanotherelementwhereearthisforgotten.知识的每一步，从头到脚，都只是带我们在同一个层面上走得更远，却永远不能使我们凌驾于尘世毫厘之上。然而，力量文学的第一步是飞行——一种超越凡尘的飞跃。”可知作者强调了力量文学的价值，即能超凡脱俗，带人们在更高的层面上取得进步。故D项“伟大的文学作品必须致力于基本的哲学真理，而不是物质进步。”正确。A项“我们的大部分知识都是从阅读政治论文中获得的。”B项“登上月球的第一步是人类最重要的时刻。”C项“面包的配方胜过千首诗。”在文中都找不到依据。

6.单选题

Sixteenyearsago,EileenDoyle’shusband,anengineer,tookhisfourchildrenupforanearlymorningcupoftea,packedasmallcaseandwasneverseenorheardofagain.Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.

Everydayoftheyear,asmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.

Lastyear,morethan1,200menandnearlyasmanywomenwerereportedmissingfromhome—thehighestin15years.Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.

Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence.Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable.Atleastitdoesnotimplyrejectionorfailure.Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.

ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive.“It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties.Runningaway,likekillingyourself,isahighlyaggressiveact.Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty.”

TheSalvationArmy’sInvestigationDepartmenthasa70percentsuccessrateintrackingmissingpeopledown.AccordingtoLt.Co.BramwellPratt,headofthedepartment,menandwomenrunawayforverydifferentreasonsthoughlackofcommunicationisoftenthebiggestmotive.“Thethingsthatdisturbaman’spersonalityareproblemslikebeingtiedupindebtorseriousworriesaboutwork.Andsomewomenmakeimpossibledemandsontheirhusbands.Womenusuallyleaveformoreobviousreasonsbutfearisattherootofit.Menaremoreoftenpreparedtogivetheirmarriageanothertrythanwomen,butweareawarethat,forsomewives,itwouldbeatotalimpossibilitytoreturnafterthewaythey’vebeentreated.”

6.Whenherhusbandlefthome,EileenDoyle_____.

7.Mostpeoplewholeavetheirfamiliesbehindthem_____.

8.Themanorwomanleftbehindusually_____.

9.PaulBrownregardsleavinghomeinsuchcircumstancesas_____.

10.TheSalvationArmybelievesthat_____.

问题1选项

A.couldnotforgivehimfortakingthechildren

B.hadbeenexpectingittohappenforsometime

C.couldnotunderstandwhy

D.blamedherselfforwhathadhappened

问题2选项

A.dosowithoutwarning

B.dosobecauseoftheirdebts

C.comebackimmediately

D.changetheirnames

问题3选项

A.admitsresponsibilityforthesituation

B.wishesthepersonwhohasleftweredead

C.feelsembarrassedanduseless

D.willhavenolegalmarriagelifeforsevenyears

问题4选项

A.anactofdespair

B.anactofselfishness

C.theresultofasuddendecision

D.theresultoftheenormoussenseofguilt

问题5选项

A.mostmenrunawaybecauseoftheimpossibledemandsoftheirwives

B.men’sreasonsaremoreunderstandablethanwomen’s

C.somewomennevergivetheirmenanotherchance

D.womenareoftenafraidtostartmarriageagain

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】6.推理判断题，第一步，寻找句内线索定位到第一段倒数一二句话Eileenwasastonishedandinastateofdespair.Theyhadbeenahappyfamilyand,asfarassheknew,therehadbeennothingwrongwiththeirmarriage.“艾琳很惊讶，处于绝望的状态。他们曾经是一个幸福的家庭，据她所知，他们的婚姻没有任何问题”，第二步，寻找上下文线索，丈夫离开后她很绝望，而且她认为她们的婚姻很幸福，由此可推测她其实不知道为什么丈夫要离开，答案选C“不知道为什么”；

A选项“不能原谅他带走了孩子”，文章没有提及所以不选，这里属于无中生有；

B选项“早就料到会发生”，见正确解析，这里属于反向干扰；

D选项定位到“为所发生的事责备自己”第五段最后一句Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty.“通过制造一种缺席，留下的人会感到内疚、不安和空虚”，这是科学家说的并不能运用到艾琳这个个体情况，这里属于张冠李戴。

7.事实细节题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第二段Everydayoftheyear,asmallgroupofmenandwomenquietlypackafewbelongingsandwithoutsomuchasanoteoragood-byeclosethefrontdoorforthelasttime,leavingtheirdebts,theirworriesandtheirconfusedfamiliesbehindthem.“一年中的每一天，都有一小群男人和女人安静地打包一些物品，没有一张纸条或一句再见，就最后一次关上前门，把他们的债务、烦恼和困惑的家人抛在身后”。第二步，综合理解，由此可知A选项“一声不吭就这样做了”正确；

B选项“这样做是因为债务”，见正确选项，从这里可知那些离家出走的人不止是因为债务还有烦恼和困惑，所以B选项错误，这里属于以偏概全；

C选项“马上就回来了”，定位到第三段最后一句Manydidreturnhomewithinayear,butothersrejectedthepastcompletelyandarenowlivinganewlifesomewhereunderadifferentidentity.“很多人在一年内回到了家乡，但也有一些人完全拒绝自己的过去，现在在某个地方以不同的身份过着新的生活”，从这里可以看出那些离家出走的人并没有马上回来，最短的也是一年后才回来的，这里属于偷换概念；

D选项“改了名字”，见C选项解析，这里说的是那些不愿意回来的人用另一种身份过着另一种生活但是还有很大一部分人在一年之后回来了，所以D选项错误，不是大部分离家出走的人改了名字，而是大部分离家出走的人都回来了，属于反向干扰。

8.事实细节题题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第四段第二句话Eventhefinalityofdeathmightbepreferable“甚至死亡可能会更好”，第二步，综合理解，这里文章是说相对于离家出走可能死亡都更能够被接受。B选项“希望离开的人死了”正确；

A“承认对出现这种情形有责任”，文章没有提及，这里属于无中生有；

C选项“感到尴尬和无用”，定位到第四段第一句话Tothoseleftbehindthisformofdesertionisaterribleblowtotheirprideandself-confidence“对于那些留下的人来说，这种形式的遗弃对他们的骄傲和自信是一个可怕的打击”，文章是写对骄傲和自尊有打击，而不是觉得尴尬以及无用，这里属于偷换概念；

D选项“将没有合法婚姻的生活七年”定位到第四段最后一句话Worsethanthat,peoplecanbeleftwithanunfinishedmarriage,notknowingwhethertheywillhavetowaitsevenyearsbeforetheyarefreetostartafreshlife.“更糟糕的是，人们可能会有一段未完成的婚姻，不知道他们是否需要等待七年才能自由地开始新的生活”，文章与题干所说需要七年以后才能拥有合法婚姻不符，这里属于曲解原文。

9.事实细节题，第一步，精准定位，定位到第五段第二句话It’stypicalofthekindofpersonalitywhichseemsabletoignoreotherpeople’spainanddifficulties“这是一种典型的性格，似乎能够忽视别人的痛苦和困难”，第二步，综合理解，从这里可以看出保罗认为离家出走的人太过于以自我为中心，容易忽略别人的痛苦和困难，所以答案选B“一种自私的行为”；

A选项“一种绝望的行为”，文章没有提及，属于无中生有；

C选项“一种突然的决定”，定位到第五段第一句话ClinicalpsychologistPaulBrownbelievesmostdeparturesofthiskindtobewellplannedratherthanimpulsive.“临床心理学家保罗•布朗认为，大多数这类离开都是经过精心计划的，而不是冲动的。”从这里可以看出保罗认为离家出走并不是一时冲动而是蓄谋已久，这里属于反向干扰；

D选项“巨大愧疚感的结果”定位到第五段第三句话Bycreatinganabsencethepeopleleftbehindfeelguilty,upsetandempty.“通过制造一种缺席，留下的人会感到内疚、不安和空虚”，从这里可以看出是留下的人非常的内疚不是离开的人内疚，这里属于张冠李戴。

10.推理判断题，第一步，寻找句内线索，定位到最后一段最后一句话Menaremoreoftenpreparedtogivetheirmarriageanothertrythanwomen,butweareawarethat,forsomewives,itwouldbeatotalimpossibilitytoreturnafterthewaythey’vebeentreated.”“男性比女性更愿意再试一次婚姻，但我们也意识到，对于一些妻子来说，在经历了这种情况后，再想回到婚姻中去是完全不可能的了”，从这里可知那些离家出走的人里，男性会要比女性更愿意结婚，第二步，寻找上下文线索，女性逃离的原因是因为恐惧，综上所述，答案选D“女人常常害怕重新开始婚姻”；

A选项“大多数男人逃跑是因为他们的妻子无法满足他们的要求”定位到最后一段三四句话Thethingsthatdisturbaman’spersonalityareproblemslikebeingtiedupindebtorseriousworriesaboutwork.Andsomewomenmakeimpossibledemandsontheirhusbands.Womenusuallyleaveformoreobviousreasonsbutfearisattherootofit.“扰乱男人个性的是债务缠身或对工作的严重担忧等问题。有些妇女对她们的丈夫提出不可能的要求。女性离开的原因通常更为明显，但恐惧是其根源”，从这里可知男性离家出走的原因是债务和工作问题，最后才是他的妻子对他提出不合理的要求，所以A选项属于以偏概全；

B选项“男人的理由比女人的更容易理解”，文章没有提到两性之间离家出走的理由的对比，所以这里属于无中生有；

C选项“有些女人再也不给男人机会了”，见正确选项解析，两性离家出走的原因很不一样，女性通常是因为家暴，所以他们很难再进入婚姻但是文章并没有说女性没有给过他们丈夫机会，属于无中生有。

7.单选题

Inanunfinishedbuthighlysuggestiveseriesofessays,thelateSarahEisensteinhasfocusedattentionontheevolutionofworkingwomen’svaluesfromtheturnofthecenturytotheFirstWorldWar.Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies—feminism,socialism,tradeunionism—andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.Inthusmaintainingthatwage-workhelpedtoproduceanew“consciousness”amongwomen,Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTenderthatforwomentheworkexperienceonlyservedtoreinforcetheattractivenessofthedominantideology.AccordingtoTender,thedegradingconditionsunderwhichmanyfemalewageearnersworkedmadethemviewthefamilyasasourceofpowerandesteemavailablenowhereelseintheirsocialworld.Incontrast,Eisenstein’sstudyinsiststhatwage-workhadotherimplicationsforwomen’sidentitiesandconsciousness.Mostimportantly,herworkaimstodemonstratethatwage-workenabledwomentobecomeawareofthemselvesasadistinctsocialgroupcapableofdefiningtheircollectivecircumstance.Eisensteininsiststhatasagroupworking-classwomenwerenotabletocometocollectiveconsciousnessoftheirsituationuntiltheybeganenteringthelaborforce,becausedomesticworktendedtoisolatethemfromoneanother.

Unfortunately,Eisenstein’sunfinishedstudydoesnotdeveloptheseideasinsufficientdepthordetail,offeringtantalizinghintsratherthananexhaustiveanalysis.WhateverEisenstein’soverallplanmayhavebeen,initscurrentformherstudysuffersfromthelimitednatureofthesourcesshedependedon.Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.Andthereislessthanadequateattentiongiventothedifferingvaluesofimmigrantgroupsthatmadeupasignificantproportionofthepopulationunderinvestigation.Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

2.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat,inEisenstein’sview,workingwomenattheturnofthecenturyhad

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthepassage?

4.Whatdoestheword“tantalizing”(Line2,Para.2)probablymean?

5.WhichofthefollowingwouldtheauthorofthepassagebemostlikelytoapproveasacontinuationofEisenstein’sstudy?

问题1选项

A.criticizeascholar’sassumptionsandmethodology

B.evaluateanapproachtowomen’sstudy

C.comparetwosociologicaltheories

D.correctamisconceptionaboutfeministtheory

问题2选项

A.Theyresentedthedominantideologyasdegrading.

B.Theypreferredthedominantideologytootheravailableideologies.

C.Theybelievedthatthedominantideologyisolatedthemfromoneanother.

D.Theyacceptedsomebutnotallaspectsofthedominantideology.

问题3选项

A.Achronologicalaccountofahistoricaldevelopmentispresented,andthenfuturedevelopmentsarepredicted.

B.Atermisdefinedaccordingtoseveraldifferentschoolsofthought,andthenanewdefinitionisformulated.

C.Atheoryispresented,analternativeviewpointisintroduced,andthenthereasoningbehindtheinitialtheoryissummarized.

D.Atentativeproposalismade,reasonsforandagainstitareweighed,andthenamodifiedversionoftheproposalisoffered.

问题4选项

A.tempting

B.annoying

C.dubious

D.formal

问题5选项

A.Atheoreticalstudyofhowsocialismandfeminisminfluencedoneanotherattheturnofthecentury.

B.Ananalysisoflettersanddiarieswrittenbytypicalfemalewageearnersattheturnofthecentury.

C.Anassessmentofwhatdifferentsocialandpoliticalgroupsdefinedasthedominantideologyintheearlytwentiethcentury.

D.Adocumentaryaccountoflabor’sroleintheintroductionofwomenintothelaborforce.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】主旨大意题。根据题干可以定位到文章主旨句，在最后一段“Whileraisingimportantquestions,Eisenstein’sessaysdonotprovidedefinitiveanswers,anditremainsforotherstotakeupthechallengestheyoffer.”，中文翻译为：尽管提出了重要的问题，但是Eisenstein的文章没有提供确切的答案，它仍需要其他人去接受这些问题提供的挑战。可以判断只有B项“评估了研究女人的一种方法”正确。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由题干可以定位到原文第一段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant“ideologyofdomesticity,”butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文大意为：Eisenstein认为世纪之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒绝她所谓的占主导地位的“家庭生活意识形态”，相反，她们接受这种意识形态和其他可用的意识形态，如女权主义、社会主义和工会主义，并且根据她们自己的经历和需要来修改或改编这些意识形态。D选项“她们接受了一些，而不是占主导地位的意识形态的所有方面”正确，符合题意。

3.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干关键词可定位到原文首段“Eisensteinarguesthatturn-of-the-centurywomenneitherwhollyacceptednorrejectedwhatshecallsthedominant‘ideologyofdomesticity,’butrathertookthisandotheravailableideologies―feminism,socialism,tradeunionism―andmodifiedoradaptedtheminlightoftheirownexperiencesandneeds.”中文翻译为：Eisenstein认为世纪之交的女性既不完全接受也不完全拒绝她所谓的占主导地位的“家庭生活意识形态”，相反，她们接受这种意识形态和其他可用的意识形态，如女权主义、社会主义和工会主义，并且根据她们自己的经历和需要来修改或改编这些意识形态，以及“...Eisensteintosomeextentchallengestherecent,controversialproposalbyLeslieTender…”中文翻译为：在一定程度上，Eisenstein质疑LeslieTender……最近提出的有争议的提议，判断C选项“提出一种理论，引出一种互斥的观点，然后总结第一个理论背后的推理”，正确。

4.【试题解析】词汇题。A:tempting“吸引人的”；B:annoying“讨厌的；恼人的”；C:dubious“可疑的；暧昧的；无把握的；半信半疑的”；D:formal“正式的；拘谨的；有条理的”。题干关键词“tantalizing”意为：诱人的。故选A。

5.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到原文最后一段“Sheusesthespeechesandwritingsofreformersandlabororganizers,whosheacknowledgeswerefarfromrepresentative,asthevoiceofthetypicalwomanworker.”中文翻译为：她（即Eisenstein）使用自己承认远非代表人物的改革者和劳工组织的发言和作品来充当典型的女性工作者的声音。因此B选项“分析世纪之交的典型女性工薪阶层所写的信和日记”符合题意。

8.单选题

Togovernistochoosehowtherevenueraisedfromtaxesisspent.Sofarsogood,orbad.Butsomepeopleearnmoremoneythanothers.Shouldtheypayproportionatelymoremoneytothegovernmentthanthosewhoearnless?Andiftheydopaymoremoneyaretheyentitledtomoreservicesthanthosewhopaylessorthosewhopaynothingatall?Andshouldthosewhopaynothingatallbecausetheyhavenothinggetanything?Thesemattersareofirritableconcerntoourrulers,andofsomepoignancytotherest.

AlthoughtheequalityofeachcitizenbeforethelawistherockuponwhichtheAmeri-canConstitutionrests,economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.ThefuriousandenduringterrorofCommunisminAmericaisnotentirelytheworkofthoseearlycoldwarriorsTrumanandAcheson.Adislikeofeconomicequalityissomethingdeep-grainedintheAmericanProtestantcharacter.Afterall,givenarichemptycontinentforvigorousEuropeanstoexploit,anymanofgumptioncouldmakehimselfagoodliving.Withextrahardwork,anymancouldmakehimselfafortune,provingthathewasabettermanthantherest.LongbeforeDarwintheAmericanethoswasDarwinian.

ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries;andthislingeringbeliefthatintheheavenanymancanmakeforhimselfthroughhardworkandcleanlivingisakeytothemajority’sprevailingandapparentlyunalterablehatredofthepoor,keptoutofsightathome,outofmindabroad.

Yettherehasbeen,fromthebeginning,asignificantdivisioninourrulingclass.TheearlyThomasJeffersonhadadream:asocietyofhonestveomen,engagedinagriculturalpursuits,withoutlargecities,heavyindustry,banks,militarypretensions.Theearly(andthelate)AlexanderHamiltonwantedindustry,bankscitiesandamilitaryforcecapableofmakingitselffeltinworldpolitics.Itisaniceironythatsomanyoftoday’slaissez-faireconservativesthinkthattheydescendfromHamilton,theproponentofastrongfederalgovernment,andthatsomanyliberalsbelievethemselvestobetheheirsoftheearlyJefferson,whowantedlittlemorethanapoliceforceandajudiciary.Alwayspractical,Jeffersonknewthatcertainmenwouldrisethroughtheirowngoodeffortswhile,sadly,otherswouldfall.GovernmentwoulddonomorethanobservethisDarwinianspectaclebenignly,andprovidenosuccor.

In1800theHamitonianviewwasrejectedbythepeopleandtheirnewPresidentThomasJefferson.Fouryearslater,theHamiltonianviewhadprevailedandwasendorsedbythereelectedJefferson.Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse.ThedifferencebetweenJeffersonIandJeffersonIIisreflectedinthetwoinauguraladdresses.

ItissignificantthatnothingmoreelevatedthangreedchangedtheDr.JekyllofJeffersonIintotheMr.HydeofJeffersonII.Likehislessthoughtfulcountrymen,Jeffersoncouldnotresistadeal.SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.

Inthecourseofland-grabbing,JeffersonIImanagedtogethimselfintohotwaterwithFrance,England,andSpainsimultaneously，afairlyastonishingthingtodoconsideringthestateofpoliticsinNapoleonicEurope.

1.TheauthorbelievesthatAmericans

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）.

2.Fromthepassage,wemayassumethatthesenatorfromSouthDakota

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）.

3.Jeffersonmadeitpossiblefor

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）.

4.Jefferson’searlypoliticalwritingsespousedwhatwouldtodaybecalled

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）.

5.TheauthorholdsthatJefferson’spurchaseoftheLouisianaterritories（

）.

问题1选项

A.stillbelieveAmericatobelargelyunpopulated

B.largelybelieveinlowertaxation

C.areinfavoroftaxationwithoutrepresentation

D.shouldreconsidertheLouisianapurchase

问题2选项

A.opposedtaxreform

B.wasThomasJefferson

C.failedinhisattempttoreformtaxlaw

D.wasAlexanderHamilton

问题3选项

A.apotentialempiretobecomearealone

B.taxlawstoreflectthewillofthepeople

C.France,England,andSpaintosimultaneouslyvacillateupontheirmutualfeelingstowardstheUnitedStates.

D.Darwiniansocialtheoriestobeacceptedwithoutquestion

问题4选项

A.collectivism

B.libertarianism

C.socialism

D.liberalism

问题5选项

A.maybeseenasahypocriticalact

B.rigorouslyheldwithhispreviousviewsofinalienablerights

C.cannotbeseenasanactofempire-expansion

D.wasanactmeanttolowertaxesandimprovethewealthofthenation

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:A

第4题:D

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.观点态度题。文章第三段中提到“ThevisionoftherichemptycontinentisstillapartoftheAmericanunconsciousinspiteoftheGreatCrowdinganditsattendantmiseries”，说明在美国人无意识的想象中，他们所处的大陆依然是富饶而空无的。因此A选项“仍然相信美国大部分地区无人居住”符合题意。

第2题:2.事实细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第二段，文中提到“…economicequalityhasneverbeenanAmericanideal.Infact,itistheoneunmentionablesubjectinourpolitics,asthesenatorfromSouthDakotarecentlydiscoveredwhenhecameupwithafewquasi-egalitariantaxreforms.”由此可知，美国人的理想中从未包括经济平等，这是政治上一个难以启齿的话题，而这些是这个参议员在他提出几项类似平等的税收改革时发现的。由此可以推断，参议员的税收改革失败了，C选项符合题意。

第3题:3.事实细节题。由题干关键词定位到文章第五段，文中提到“Between1800and1805Jeffersonhadseentoitthatanempireinpossehadbecomeanempireinesse”，杰斐逊注意到，一个潜在的帝国已经成为一个真正的帝国。A选项符合题意。

第4题:4.判断推理题。文章第六段中提到“TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence.”《独立宣言》的作者杰斐逊完全忘记了公民的不可剥夺的权利，在著作《独立宣言》时却把这一点放在最重要的地位，那就是liberalism“自由主义”。因此D选项符合题意。

第5题:5.观点态度题。由题干定位到文章第六段，“SubvertingtheConstitutionhehadhelpedcreate,JeffersonboughtLouisianafromNapoleon,acquiringitscitizenswithouttheirconsents.TheauthoroftheDeclarationofIndependencewasquiteabletoforgettheunalienablerightsofanyonewhosepropertyhethoughtshouldbejoinedtoourempire—awordwhichcropsupfrequentlyandunselfconsciouslyinhiscorrespondence”，杰斐逊推翻了他帮助制定的宪法，从拿破仑那买下了路易斯安那州，忘记了公民不可剥夺的权利······。作者认为这“被看作一种伪善的行为”，A选项符合题意。

9.写作题

Differentpeoplehavedifferentideasabout“future”.Somepeopleunderstanditaspainanddeath;somebelieveitmeanshopeandexpectation;stillothersregarditassomewhereyoureachwithinanhourofsixtyminutes.Whatisyourownideaandhowwouldyousupportit?Writeacompositionaboutitofatleast150words.Youcaneitherusethegiventitle“FUTURE”,ormakesomeslightchangesasyoulike.

【答案】MyFuture10.单选题

AbigprobleminlemmingEnglishasaf