考研考博-英语-新疆维吾尔医学专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解1

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-新疆维吾尔医学专科学校考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Theyhavetolearnhowtoavoidbodycontact.

B.Theyneedtokeepmovingtoavoidgettinghurt.

C.Theybelieveinteamspiritforgoodperformance.

D.Theyarelikelytogetinjuredwhenmovingtoofast.

问题2选项

A.Theykeepthemselvesbusyevenafterretirement.

B.Theydonotstartenjoyinglifeuntilfullretirement.

C.Theytendtolivealongerlifewithearlyretirement.

D.Theydonothavemanyyearstoliveafterretirement.

问题3选项

A.Itslowsdownouragingprocess.

B.Itpreventsusfromworrying.

C.Itenablesustoaccomplishmoreinlife.

D.Itprovidesuswithmorechancestolearn.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:B

【解析】PassageOne

Relatedtothe“useitorloseit”lawisthe“keepmoving”principle.Welearnaboutstagnationfromnature.Ariverthatstopsmovinggetssmelly.Thesamethinghappenstopeoplewhostopmoving,eithermentallyorphysically.[9]Thosewhoplaycontactsportsknowthattheplayerwhousuallygetshurtthemostistheonewhoisstandingstill.Ofcourse,you’llneedsometimetocatchyourbreatheverysooften,buttheessentialmassageiskeepmoving,extendingandlearning.Shipslastalotlongerwhentheygotoseathanwhentheystayintheharbor.Thesameistrueforairplanes.Youdon’tpreserveanairplanebykeepingitontheground.Youpreserveitbykeepingitinservice.Wealsogettolivealonghealthylifebystayinginservice.[10]Longevitystatisticsrevealthattheaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement.Themorewe’llhearisdon’tretire.Ifafellowsays“I’m94yearsoldandIworkedallmylife”,weneedtorealize,thatishowhegottobe94,bystayinginvolved.GeorgeBernardShawwonaNobelPrizewhenhewasnearly70.BenjaminFranklinproducedsomeofhisbestwritingsattheageof84,andPabloPicassoputbrushtocanvasrightthroughhiseighties.Isn’ttheissuehowoldwethinkweare?[11]Abonuswiththe“keepmoving”principleisthatwhilewekeepmoving,wedon’thaveachancetoworry.Hence,weavoidthedreadedparalysisbyanalysis.

9.Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutplayersofcontactsports?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问关于接触式运动的运动员，说话者说了什么？录音开头提到，从事接触式运动的人都知道，受伤最严重的往往是那些站着不动的人。B选项“他们需要保持移动以免受伤”是此处的同义表述，因此B选项正确。录音中提及接触式运动是不可能避免身体接触的，因此A选项“他们必须学会如何避免身体接触”不正确；C选项“他们相信有团队精神才能取得好成绩”在录音中没有提及；录音中强调的是站着不动的人往往受伤最严重，因此D选项“移动速度过快时可能受伤”不正确。

10.Whatdolongevitystatisticsrevealabouttheaverageperson?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问寿命统计数据揭示了普通人的什么？录音提到，寿命统计数据显示，一般人退休后活不了多久（theaveragepersondoesn’tlastverylongafterretirement）。因此D选项“他们退休后没有多少年的生活时间”正确。本题的干扰项是A选项，录音中有提到几位名人在很大的年纪也一直忙个不停，但并没有说这是一般人退休后的状态，因此A选项不正确；B选项“他们直到完全退休后才开始享受生活”和C选项“提前退休他们往往寿命更长”在录音中均没有提及，因此可排除。

11.Whatbonusdoesthe“keepmoving”principlebringusaccordingtothespeaker?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问“不断前进”的原则能给我们带来什么好处？录音最后部分提到：“不断前进”原则的一个好处是，当我们不断前进时，我们没有机会担忧（wedon’thaveachancetoworry），B选项是此处的同义表述，因此正确。A选项“它减缓了我们的衰老过程”和C选项“它使我们能够在生活中取得更多成就”在录音中没有信息提及；D选项“它为我们提供了更多的学习机会”主要是achance造成了干扰，录音中说的是achancetoworry，并不是chancestolearn，因此不正确。

2.单选题

Theteam’sefforttoscorewas（）bytheopposinggoalkeeper.

问题1选项

A.frustrated

B.prevented

C.discouraged

D.accomplished

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项frustrate表示“挫败；阻挠；使感到灰心”，B选项prevent表示“预防；防止；阻止”，C选项discourage表示“阻止；使气馁；使沮丧”，D选项accomplish表示“完成；实现；达到（目的）”。由句意可知，该队想要进球的努力被对方的守门员挫败了。frustrate与effort搭配，表示“挫败……的努力”。因此，本题正确答案为A选项。

3.单选题

（）herfamousfamily,VictoriaBeckhambroughtasexyvisionoffall/wintertoNewYorkrunawayshowSundayandconfidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia.

问题1选项

A.Confrontedwith

B.Acquaintedwith

C.Supportedby

D.Cheeredby

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组词义辨析。分析句子结构可知，空缺处为过去分词作状语。A选项Confrontedwith表示“面临，面对”，B选项Acquaintedwith表示“熟悉，了解，与……相识”，C选项Supportedby表示“由……支持”，D选项Cheeredby表示“受到……的喝彩”。由后文关键信息“confidedplanstoopenasecondstoreinAsia”可知，维多利亚•贝克汉姆在时装秀上透露了她要在亚洲开第二家店的计划。由此可知，她受到了家人的支持，因此本题正确答案为C选项。

4.单选题

Someplantscontainsubstancesthatinterferewiththedigestiveprocessesofanimals.

问题1选项

A.disrupt

B.encourage

C.augment

D.trigger

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。interferewith表示“干涉，妨碍”；A项disrupt“破坏，瓦解”，B项encourage“鼓励”，C项argument“争论”，D项trigger“引发，触发”。句意：有些植物含有干扰动物消化过程的物质。根据句意该题选A。

5.单选题

It’sour（

）thattheneweconomicpolicywillbringgreatprosperitytothiscompany.

问题1选项

A.confidence

B.conviction

C.recommendation

D.insurance

【答案】B

【解析】名词辨析题。A选项confidence“信心”；B选项conviction“确信”；C选项recommendation“推荐”；D选项insurance“保险”。句意：我们相信新的经济政策会给公司带来巨大的繁荣。选项B符合句意。

6.单选题

Thisisanexcitingareaofstudy,andone（）whichnewapplicationsarebeingdiscoveredalmostdaily.

问题1选项

A.from

B.by

C.in

D.through

【答案】C

【解析】考査定语从句。inwhich表示“在某个领域被发现”。句意：这是一个令人兴奋的研究领域,

一个几乎每天都有新的应用程序被发现的领域。

7.单选题

Doctorsbelievethatsecondhandsmokemaycauselungcancerinpeoplewhodonotsmoke.Nonsmokersoftenbreatheinthesmokefromotherpeople'scigarettes.Thisissecondhandsmoke.TheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyreportsthataboutfifty-threethousandpeopledieinAmericaeachyearasaresultofexposuretosecondhandsmoke.

Thesmokethatcomesfromalitcigarettecontainsmanydifferentpoisonouschemicals.Inthepast,scientistsdidnotthinkthatthesechemicalsharmanonsmoker'shealth.Recently,though,scientistsexpressedtheiropinionaftertheystudiedalargegroupofnonsmokers.Theydiscoveredthatevennonsmokershadunhealthyamountsofthesetoxicchemicalsintheirbodies.Asamatteroffact,almostallofusbreathetobaccosmokeattimes,whetherwerealizeitornot.Forexample,wecannotavoidsecondhandsmokeinrestaurants,hotels,andotherpublicplaces.Eventhoughmanypublicplaceshavenonsmokingareas,smokeflowsinfromtheareaswheresmokingispermitted.

Itisevenharderforchildrentoavoidsecondhandsmoke.InAmerica,ninemillionchildrenundertheageoffiveliveinhomeswithatleastonesmoker.Researchshowsthatthesechildrenaresickmoreoftenthanthechildrenwholiveinhomeswherenoonesmokes.Thedamagingeffectsofsecondhandsmokeonchildrenalsocontinueastheygrowup.Thechildrenofsmokersaremorethantwiceaslikelytodeveloplungcancerwhentheyareadultsasthechildrenofnonsmokers.Theriskisevenhigherforthechildrenwholiveinhomeswherebothparentssmoke.

1.Itcanbeinferredthataboutfifty-threethousandpeopledieinAmerican（

）.

2.Non-smokersgetharmedbysmokers

（

）.

3.WhichofthefollowingstatementisNOTtrue?

4.Whichofthefollowingisnotlistedasanegativeeffectimposedbysecondhandsmokingonchildren?

5.Whichgroupofchildrensufferfromsecondhandsmokingtothegreatestextent?

问题1选项

A.becauseofsmoking

B.thoughtheydon'tsmoke

C.becausetheirparentssmoke

D.thoughtheirparentsdon'tsmoke

问题2选项

A.becauseofthepoisonoussmoketheybreathein

B.iftheylivetogether

C.whenthereisnonon-smokingareainthepublicutilities

D.thoughthepoisonouschemicalscontainedinthesmokedon'tharmthem

问题3选项

A.Non-smokersmaybepassivelyinvolvedinsecondhandsmoking.

B.Somenon-smokersmaydieoflungcancerbecauseofsecondhandsmoking.

C.Weall,moreorless,sufferfromsecondhandsmoking.

D.Secondhandsmokingisevenmoreharmfulthansmokingitself.

问题4选项

A.Theyaremorelikelytobesick.

B.Theyaremorelikelytodevelopmentaldisease.

C.Theytendtohavethebadaffectastheygrowup.

D.Theyaremorelikelytodeveloplungcancer.

问题5选项

A.Childrenundertheageoffivelivinginhomeswithnosmokers.

B.Childrenundertheageoffivelivinginhomeswithoneparentsmoking.

C.Childrenundertheageoffivelivinginhomeswithtwoparentssmoking.

D.Childrenundertheageoffivelivingawayfromtheirparents.

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:C

【解析】1.推理判断题。题干要求推断美国53,000人死亡的原因。根据关键词fifty-threethousand定位到文章第一段最后一句可知，这些人的死因是由于exposuretosecondhandsmoke，即“暴露于二手烟中”，由此可以推断死亡者本人不抽烟，故B项“尽管他们不吸烟”正确。而A项“由于吸烟”和C项“因为他们的父母吸烟”明显错误；D选项“尽管他们的父母不抽烟”属于过度推断。因此本题正确答案为B项。

2.细节事实题。根据题干Non-smokers可定位到原文第二段第四句，再根据下一句...almostallofusbreathetobaccosmokeattimes,whetherwerealizeitornot可知，不管我们有没有意识到，我们几乎都吸入烟草的烟，所以非吸烟者身体受损的原因是“因为他们吸入有毒的烟”，故A项正确。B选项原文没有提及，C选项与第二段最后一句不符，故排除；D选项根据第二段第三句“甚至非吸烟者身体内有过量的这些化学物质”可以排除。

3.细节事实题。题干要求找出错误选项。A选项“非吸烟者也许会被动吸入二手烟”，根据常识可判断正确；根据第一段最后一句可知非吸烟者可能死于二手烟，所以B选项“有些非吸烟者可能因为吸二手烟而死于肺癌”正确；根据第二段almostallofusbreathetobaccosmokeattimes,whetherwerealizeitornot可知，C选项“我们都多多少少遭受二手烟的痛苦”正确；D选项“二手烟比抽烟本身伤害更大”在原文中并未提及，属于无中生有。因此本题答案为D项。

4.细节事实题。题干要求判断四个选项中哪一个不是二手烟对孩子的消极影响。根据题干定位至原文最后一段。由thesechildrenaresickmoreoftenthanthechildrenwholiveinhomeswherenoonesmokes可知，这些孩子比家里没有人吸烟的更容易生病，故A选项正确，可排除；B选项“他们更可能患心理疾病”在原文中并未提及。根据原文倒数第三句可知，C选项“孩子们长大了也会受二手烟的影响”正确，可排除。根据原文最后一句“父母吸烟的孩子长大后患肺癌的概率是父母不吸烟的孩子的两倍多”可知，D选项“一些非吸烟者可能由于二手烟死于肺癌”正确，可排除。故本题正确答案为B。

5.推理判断题。题干要求判断以下那种孩子受二手烟的伤害最大。根据关键词children定位至最后一段可知，“父母都抽烟的孩子患肺癌的风险更高”。A选项为“5岁以下生活在无人抽烟的家庭的孩子”；B选项为“5岁以下生活在父亲或母亲一方抽烟的家庭的孩子”；C选项为“5岁以下生活在父母都抽烟的家庭的孩子”；D选项“5岁以下不和父母一起生活的孩子”。因此，本题正确答案为C项。

8.单选题

16-20

问题1选项

A.Aduodenalulcer.

B.Stomachulcer.

C.AMouthulcer.

D.Askinulcer.

问题2选项

A.Haveanoperation.

B.Trymedicalmeans.

C.Seeapsychiatrist.

D.Beoffworkforawhile.

问题3选项

A.Overweight.

B.Smoking.

C.Heredity

D.Stress.

问题4选项

A.Heisalightsmoker.

B.Heisacasualsmoker.

C.Heisaheavysmoker.

D.Heisamoderatesmoker.

问题5选项

A.Stopsmoking.

B.Haveasurgery.

C.Eatregularlyandexercisemore.

D.MakeanappointmentwithDr.Oakes.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】W:Howareyounow?

M:Nottoogood.

W:Areyoustillgettingthepain?

M:Yes.

W:Well.TheX-raydoctorfoundirritabilityanddistortionoftheduodenumalthoughtherewasnoactualulcervisibleontheX-ray.(16)Thisdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatyouhavenoduodenalulcer.Wehavetodecidethebestwayoftreatingit.Therearetwoways:medicalandsurgical.(17)Inyoungpeople,wetrytoavoidoperationsandwehopethatmedicalmeanswillhelp.Now,youdidhaveaspellinhospitalanditdisappearedbutnowitstartedagain.Hasanyoneinyourfamilyhadanulcer?

M:Yes,myfatherhadonebutitclearedup.

W:Well,(18)thiscouldberelevantasulcersmayruninthefamily.Theotherfactorsofcoursearesmoking,worryandanxiety,irregularmealsorovertiredness,overworkandstress.Theseallwilleffectanulcer.Unfortunately，youhavealotofstressandworryathome,soIfeeldespiteyourbeingsoyoung,puttingyoutobedforafewweeksisn’tenough.I’dlikeyoutoseeMr.Oakes.Hehasagreatdealofexperiencewithulcers.Andifhefeelsanoperationistheanswer,Ithinkweshouldtakehisadvice.Now,haveyoumanagedtodoanythingaboutyoursmoking?

M:(19)Ismokeabout50aday.

W:Howoftendoyougetthepainnow?

M:Everyday.

W:Haveyoulosttimefromworkbecauseofit?

M:Yes.Nowadayshereandthere.

W:Well,(20)makeanappointmenttoseeMr.Oakes,andI'llwritetohimandtoyourdoctor.

M:Thankyou,doctor.

16.Whatisthemansufferingfrom?

【解析】细节题。根据医生描述，他遭受的是duodenalulcer（十二指肠溃疡）的痛苦。故选A。

17.Totreatthediseasementionedinthetalk,whatwouldthedoctorusuallysuggestayoungpatientdo?

【解析】细节题。医生说治疗溃疡通常有两种方式：手术方式和医疗方式。对于年轻人群，医生都建议避免手术，采用medicalmeans。故选B。

18.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasacontributingfactoroftheman’sdisease?

【解析】细节题。题目问哪一个不是造成该疾病可能的原因。医生提到了吸烟、遗传和压力，没有提及体重超重。

19.Whatcanwesayaboutthemanconsideringthenumberofcigaretteshesmokes?

【解析】细节题。男士说他每天抽50支烟，这一定是一个重度烟民。故选C。

20.Whatisthemangoingtodoaftertheconsultation?

【解析】细节题。医生建议病人要咨询Dr.Oakes，因为他对十二指肠溃疡治疗十分专业，应该听取他的意见。故选D。

9.单选题

Thepaintingheboughtatthestreetmarkettheotherdaywasa（

）forgery.

问题1选项

A.man-made

B.natural

C.crude

D.real

【答案】D

【解析】形容词辨析。句意:他那天在街上买的那幅画实际上是副赝品。

man-made人造的;natural自然的;crude粗略的;real实际上。

10.单选题

Youarethe（）personIwanttosee.Whydidyoucometoseeme?

问题1选项

A.very

B.fine

C.last

D.suitable

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项very“恰好的；十足的；唯独的；真正的”；B选项fine“好的；健康的；晴朗的”；C选项last“最后的；最终的；最不可能的”；D选项suitable“适当的；相配的”。句意：你就是我……要见的人。你为什么来看我？由后面的问句可看出说话者并不想见此人，四个选项中只有last表示“最不……的”之意，因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Theremovalofthetopsoilmayeliminatemostofthecontaminationofthearea.

问题1选项

A.prevent

B.dealwith

C.overcome

D.getridof

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项prevent“防止”；B选项dealwith“处理”；C选项overcome“克服”；D选项getridof“除去”。句意：除去表土可以消除该地区的大部分污染。划线部分eliminate是消除的意思。因此D选项正确。

12.单选题

Soconfused____thathedidn’tknowhowtostarthislecture.

问题1选项

A.sincehebecame

B.wouldhebecome

C.thathebecame

D.didhebecome

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.sincehebecame因为他变得B.wouldhebecome他变得

C.thathebecame他变得D.didhebecome他变得

【答案】D

【考查点】倒装强调句

【解题思路】本题考查的是so…that…结构的倒装句用法。在这个结构中，如果将so+adj./adv.置于句首，则其后的主句要用部分倒装。此处使用的动词为become，需要借助助动词do帮助构成部分倒装；根据从句使用的一般过去时推测，主句也使用一般过去时。因此，D选项didhebecome符合要求。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合原句语法要求。

【句意】他变得如此困惑以至于他不知道如何开始他的演讲。

13.单选题

Tim’sutterly____bythatwoman.

问题1选项

A.offended

B.hostile

C.hurt

D.bewitched

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.offended冒犯v.（过去分词）B.hostile敌对的

C.hurt伤害v.（过去分词）D.bewitched使着迷v.（过去分词）

【考查点】修饰语与被修饰语的搭配以及介词搭配

【解题思路】首先，空格前有副词utterly“完全的；彻底的”修饰；其次，空格后搭配的介词为by，由此可推断，D选项bewitched“使着迷v.（过去分词）”最符合原句前后搭配。

【干扰项排除】

A选项offended“冒犯v.（过去分词）”，一般不与utterly搭配；

B选项hostile“敌对的”，与介词by搭配不当，该词常与介词to搭配；

C选项hurt“伤害v.（过去分词）”，一般不与utterly搭配。

【句意】Tim被那个女人彻底迷住了。

14.单选题

Thebestwaytocontrolratsisbyseeingthattheyhaveas______.

问题1选项

A.possiblylittlenourishment

B.nourishmentpossiblylittle

C.littleaspossiblenourishment

D.littlenourishmentaspossible

【答案】D

【解析】考查语法。空格处需要填入动词have的宾语，同时包含as…as句式。as…aspossible固定搭配表示“尽可能”。A、B都缺少与as搭配的结构，C语序有误，均可排除。句意：控制老鼠的最好方法就是务必让他们得到尽可能少的营养。因此D项正确。

15.单选题

Wewerepleasedtonotethattheearlymorningdeliverydidn’t（

）tothetrafficjamofthebusycity.

问题1选项

A.aid

B.amount

C.add

D.attribute

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。A选项aid“资助，援助，帮助”；B选项amount“总计，等于”；C选项add“增加，添加，计算……总和”；D选项attribute“把……归因于，被认为是……创作的”。句意：我们很高兴地注意到，早晨送货没有加剧这个繁华城市的交通拥挤。故C选项正确。

16.单选题

Allcultureshavesomesystemofmeasuringduration,orkeepingtime,butinwesternindustrializedsocieties,wekeeptrackoftimeinwhatseemstootherpeoplesalmostanobsessivefashion.Weviewtimeasmotiononaspace,akindoflinearprogressionmeasuredbytheclockandthecalendar.Thisperceptioncontributestooursenseofhistoryandthekeepingofrecords,whicharetypicalaspectsofwesterncultures.

Althoughourperceptionsoftimeseemnaturaltous,wemustnotassumethatotherculturesoperateonthesametimesystem.Forinstance,whyshouldweassumethataHopiraisedintheHopiculturewouldhavethesameintuitionsabouttimethatwehave?InHopihistory,ifrecordshadbeenwritten,wewouldfindadifferentsetofculturalandenvironmentalinfluencesworkingtogether.TheHopipeopleareapeacefulagriculturalsocietyisolatedbygeographicfeatureandnomadenemiesinalandoflittlerainfall.Theiragricultureissuccessfulonlybythegreatestperseverance.Extensivepreparationsareneededtoensurecropgrowth.ThustheHopivaluepersistenceandrepetitioninactivity.Theyhaveasenseofthecumulativevalueofnumerous,small,repeatedmovements,fortothemsuchmovementsarenotwastedbutarestoreduptomakechangesinlaterevents.TheHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotion,asasmoothflowinglineonwhicheverythingintheuniverseproceedsatanequalrateawayfromapast,throughapresent,intoaforeseeablefuture.

LongandcarefulstudyoftheHopilanguagehasrevealedthatitcontainsnowords,grammaticalforms,constructions,orexpressionsthatrefertowhatwecalltime—thepast,present,orfuture—ortothedurationorlastingaspectoftime.TotheHopi,“time”isa“gettinglater”ofeverythingthathasbeendone,sothatpastandpresentmergetogether.TheHopidonotspeak,aswedoinEnglish?Ofa“newday”or“anotherday”comingeverytwenty-fourhours;amongtheHopi,thereturnofthedayislikethereturnofaperson,alittleolderbutwithallthecharacteristicsofyesterday.ThisHopiconception,withitsemphasisontherepetitiveaspectoftimeratherthanitsonwardflow,maybeclearlyseenintheirritualdancesforrainandgoodcrops,inwhichthebasicstepisashort,quickstampingofthefootrepeatedthousandsoftimes,hourafterhour.

Ofcourse,theAmericanconceptionoftimeissignificantlydifferentfromthatoftheHopi.Americans’understandingoftimeistypicalofWesternculturesingeneralandindustrializedsocietiesinparticular.Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.Weevensay,“Timeismoney”.WeareconcernedinAmericawithbeing“ontime”;wedon’tliketo“waste”timebywaitingforsomeonewhoislateorbyrepeatinginformation;andweliketo“spend”timewiselybykeepingbusy.ThesestatementsallsoundnaturaltoaNorthAmerican.Infact,wethink,howcoulditbeotherwise?Itisdifficultforusnottobeirritatedbytheapparentcarelessnessabouttimeinothercultures.Forexample,individualsinothercountriesfrequentlyturnupanhourormorelateforanappointment—although“beinglate”isatleastwithinourculturalframework.Forinstance,howcanwebegintoentertheculturalworldoftheSioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.Ofcourse,thefactisthatwehavenothadtoentertheSiouxculture;theSiouxhavehadtoenterours.Itisonlywhenweparticipateinotherculturesontheirtermsthatwecanbegintoseetheculturalpatterningoftime.

1.Fromthepassage,theHopihavenointuitionoftimeasmotionbecause（

）.

2.WhatistheHopi’sconceptionoftime?

3.Theconceptoftimeasacommodityinthelastparagraphmeansthat（

）.

4.IfyouweretovisitaSiouxfestival,itwouldprobablybenecessarythat（

）.

5.WhichofthefollowingviewsseemsmostoppositetotheWesternperceptionoftime?

问题1选项

A.theirwayoflivingdependsgreatlyonperseveranceandrepetition

B.theythinkitnecessarytoinventtheirownperceptionoftime

C.theirlanguagedoesnotcontainwordsreferringtomotion

D.theythinkeverythingshouldproceedinalinearway

问题2选项

A.Repeatingfootstepsisthewaytheycounttime.

B.Thelinebetweenpastandpresentisclear.

C.Whenapersonreturns,thedayreturns.

D.Todayistherepetitionofyesterday.

问题3选项

A.timecanbeusedandspentlikeconsumergoods

B.peoplewhoworklonghourswillbepaidhandsomely

C.peoplecanbuytimejustliketheybuyaproduct

D.timeisconsideredpricelessthatpeoplecan’tafford

问题4选项

A.youcallinadvanceifyouaregoingtobelate

B.youarrangefortransportationwellinadvance

C.youhaveadelayedscheduleofalltheactivities

D.youhaveanexactscheduleofthevariousevents

问题5选项

A.Makeahaywhilethesunshines.

B.Procrastinationisnecessary.

C.Punctualityisthesoulofbusiness.

D.Ayoungidler,anoldbeggar

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:1.根据第二段的倒数二三句可知，霍皮族人重视活动中的持久性和重复。他们对无数的、小的、重复的动作的累积价值有一种感觉，因为对他们来说，这些动作不是浪费，而是储存起来，以便在以后的事件中做出改变。所以霍皮族人对运动的时间没有什么直觉，是因为他们的生活方式在很大程度上依赖于毅力和重复。选项A符合原文。

2.根据第三段的内容可知，对霍皮人来说，“时间”是所有已经做过的事情的“以后”，这样过去和现在就会融合在一起。霍皮人的这一观念强调时间的重复性，而不是时间的继续流动。选项D符合原文。

3.根据最后一段的三四句“Americansviewtimeasacommodity,asa“thing”thatcanbesaved,spent,orwasted.Webudgetourtimeaswebudgetourmoney.”美国人认为时间是一种商品，是一种可以节省、花费或浪费的“东西”。我们预算时间就像我们预算金钱一样。选项A符合原文。

4.根据最后一段“Sioux,inwhichthereisnowordfor“late”or“waiting”.”苏族人的文化世界里没有“迟到”或“等候”这些词，所以如果要去参加苏族人的节日，你可能有必要把所有的活动都推迟，选项A正确。

5.根据最后一段的内容可知，美国人对时间的理解是西方文化的典型特征，他们认为时间就是金钱，所以选项B与之观念相反。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

17.翻译题

TWOnuclearbombsareamongmanycuriousmachineswhichtheScienceMuseumstoresatanoldairfieldinWiltshire.AnearlyhovercraftstandswithafleetofsubmersiblesandatruckthatonceroamedtheAntarctic.Nowanewacquisitionisontheway.Aroundtherunwayworkersarepreparingtolayout155,000solarpanels—atabout170acres,oneofthebiggestsolarfarmsinBritain.

ThoughBritain’shillsidesarepepperedwithwindturbines,solarpanelsproducelessthanhalfofonepercentofitspower.RacingtohitaEuropeantargetthatrequiresittogenerate30%ofitselectricityfromrenewablesourcesby2020,thegovernmentwantsalotmore.GregoryBarker,anenergyminister,saysthesolarindustrycouldexpandsixfoldwithinadecade.Laidontheground,thatmanypanelswouldfillanareaofabout150squaremiles.

Fieldsfullofsolarpanelsarelessobtrusivethanhillsideturbines,andsimplertoinstall.Whereasoppositiontowindpowerismounting,about85%ofBritonsbacknewsolarprojects.Bigarraysmayevenencouragesomekindsofwildlife,forexamplebyshelteringground-nestingbirds.

Itisalsogettingcheaper.Thecostofinstallingsolarpanelshasfallenbyhalfsince2010duetoheavydeploymentinGermanyandelsewhere.WeakBritishsunlightmakesenergyfromsolarfarmsabout25%moreexpensivethanfromonshorewindturbines—andmorethantwicethewholesalepriceofpower—butthegovernmentexpectsa20%reductionby2020.

Solarcompaniessayministersmustdomore.Planners,fearingeyesores,aregrowinglessco-operative(complaintsfromruralcampaignersareholdinguptheScienceMuseum’sarray).Gridconnectionsaregettingmoreexpensiveasdeveloperschoosesiteseverfartherfrombigtowns.

Yetcautioniswise,fortworeasons.First,heftyinvestmentinsunniercountriesmeansthepriceofpanelswillkeepfallingwithoutmuchhelpfromBritishtaxpayers;governmentcashmightgomuchfurtherinayearortwo.

Second,thepriceofsolarpanelsreflectsonlypartofthetechnology’scosts.Panelsproduceverylittlepowerduringwinter;insummertheycangeneratetoomuch.TheNationalGrid,whichmanagesBritain’spower-transmissionnetwork,saysthatabigsolarprogrammewouldmeanfindingextracashtomitigatetheseswingsinsupply.Apreponderanceofpanelsisalreadymakingitdifficulttobuildmorefarmsinthesunnysouth-west.

IfBritainisseriousabouthittingitslegally-bindingtargetforrenewablegeneration,moresolarseemsinevitable.Buttheroofsofoffices,factoriesandwarehousesarethebestplacesforit.Puttingpanelstherelowersenergybillsforbusinesseswhileplacinglessstrainonlocalgrids.Thatseemsabrighteridea.

【答案】【参考译文】

科学博物馆将许多稀奇古怪的机器储藏在位于威尔特郡的废旧机场里，这其中就包括两枚核弹。还有一艘早期的气垫船，一排潜水器，和一辆曾经驰骋于南极洲的卡车。现如今，一项新的收藏将要加入它们的行列。工人们准备在跑道的周围搭155000张太阳能板。该工程占地约170英亩，将有望成为英国最大的太阳能发电厂。

尽管不列颠的山坡上布满了用来发电的风轮机，并且其发电量差不多是太阳能板发电量的两百多倍。然而面对亟待实现的目标，英国政府还有很长的路要走。欧盟已攻足了目标：截至2020年，欧盟成员国30%的电力供给要来自可再生能源。能源部长格当戈里•巴克尔说，在未来的千年内太阳能行业将扩展六倍。若将如此多数量的太阳能板平铺开来，它们将覆盖150平方英里的区域。

布满太阳能板的区域看上去并不会如山坡上的风轮机那样突兀，并且太阳能板安装起来也比风轮机更简单。相比于风力发电受到越来越多的反对，新的太阳能项目却获得了大约有85%的英国人的支持。大范围地铺设太阳能板甚至有利于某些野生动物的生存。例如一些筑巢的鸟类将其作为遮蔽隐藏之所。

此外，利用太阳能发电也变得越来越便宜了。由于德国以及其他一些国家强化部署发展太阳能产业，自2010年以来，安装太阳能板的成本已经降低了一半。英国较弱的光照条件使得来自太阳能的电力要比近海风力发电所产生的电力贵25%，电力批发价格方面前者更是后者的两倍多。然而，英国政府预期，到2020年太阳能电费将降低20%。

太阳能公司认为，部长们需要有更大的作为。由于担心影响美观，规划师们越来越不合作（来自乡村的反对者们的抱怨阻碍了科学博物馆的部署）。因为开发者们选址离大城镇越来越远，并网的成本也越来越高。

然而基于两方面的理由考虑，谨慎行事才是明智之举。一方面，光照充足的国家向该行业注入巨额投资意味着：即使没有英国政府的资金投入，太阳能板的价格将会持续下跌。或许未来一两年投入政府资金会带来更深远的影响。

另一方面，太阳能板的价格仅仅反映了一部分该项技术的成本。太阳能电池板在冬天的发电量很低，而夏天又能产生大量电能。经营英国输电网络的英国国家电力供应公司称，实施大型太阳能供电项目将意味着同时需要寻求额外的资金投入来中和这种电力供应上的波动。在阳光灿烂的西南地区，漫山遍野的太阳能电池板几乎已经布满了整个区域。人们很难再找到余地去建造更多的太阳能发电厂。

如果英国真的打算实现具有法律约束力的可再生能源电力供应目标，寻求更多的太阳能发电似乎不可避免。然而，或许办公室、工厂以及仓库的房顶才是太阳能电池板最好的安家之处。这样做能够在降低商业用电费用的同时减轻地方电网的负担。这似乎是个更明智的主意。

18.单选题

Thetwinbrothersshowedgreat（）totheirstepsister,whohadactedasamothertothemformanyyears.

问题1选项

A.compliance

B.devotion

C.subjection

D.allegiance

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这对孪生兄弟对多年来一直担任着母亲角色的异胞姐姐表现出极大的忠诚。

考查名词辨析。compliance顺从，服从；devotion忠诚，挚爱，信仰，崇拜；subjection隶属，服从，征服；allegiance效忠，忠诚。故B符合句意。

19.不定项选择题

TheMoon,whichhasundergoneadistinctandcomplexgeologicalhistory,presentsastrikingappearance.Themoonmaybedividedintotwomajorterrains:themaria(darklowlands)andtheterrace(brighthighlands).Thecontrastinthereflectivity(thecapabilityofreflectinglight)ofthesetwoterrainssuggestedtomanyearlyobserversthatthetwoterrainsmighthavedifferentcompositions,andthissuppositionwasconfirmedbymissionstotheMoonsuchasSurveyorandApollo.Oneofthemostobviousdifferencesbetweentheterrainsisthesmoothnessofthemariaincontrasttotheroughnessofthehighlands.Thisroughnessismostlycausedbytheabundanceofcraters;thehighlandsarecompletelycoveredbylargecraters(greaterthan40-50kmindiameter),whilethecratersofthemariatendtobemuchsmaller.ItisnowknownthatthevastmajorityoftheMoon’scraterswereformedbytheimpactofsolidbodieswiththelunarsurface.

MostofthenearsideoftheMoonwasthoroughlymappedandstudiedfromtelescopicpicturesyearsbeforetheageofspaceexploration.Earth-basedtelescopescanresolveobjectsassmallasafewhundredmetersonthelunarsurface.Closeobservationofcraters,combinedwiththewaytheMoondiffuselyreflectssunlight,ledtotheunderstandingthattheMooniscoveredbyasurfacelayer,orregolith,whichoverliesthesolidrockoftheMoon.Telescopicimagespermittedthecatalogingofabewilderingarrayoflandforms.Craterswerestudiedforcluestotheirorigin,thelargecircularmariaweremapped.Wispymarksonthesurface(knownasrays)emanatingfromcertaincraterswereseen.Strange,sinuousfeatureswereobservedinthemaria.Althoughvariouslandformswerecatalogued,themajorityofastronomers’attentionwasfixedoncratersandtheirorigins.

Astronomershaveknownforafairlylongtimethattheshapeofcraterschangesastheyincreaseinsize.Smallcraterswithdiametersoflessthan10-15kmhaverelativelysimpleshapes.Theyhaverimcreststhatareelevatedabovethesurroundingterrain,smooth,bowl-shapedinteriors,anddepthsthatareaboutone-fifthtoone-sixththeirdiameters.Thecomplexityofshapeincreasesforlargercraters.

1.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

2.Theunderlinedword“undergone”inLine1isclosestinmeaningto（

）.

3.Accordingtothepassage,themariadifferfromtheterracemainlyintermsof（

）.

4.Accordingtothepassagelunarresearchershavefocusedmostlyon（

）.

5.Thepassageprobablycontinueswithadiscussionof（

）.

问题1选项

A.WhatastronomerslearnedfromtheSurveyorandApollospacemissions.

B.CharacteristicsofthemajorterrainsoftheMoon.

C.Theoriginofthe