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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-兰州财经大学长青学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题
Thethievesfledwiththelocalpolicecloseontheir______.
问题1选项
A.backs
B.necks
C.toes
D.heels
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.backs(人体或动物的)背部,背B.necks颈,脖子
C.toes脚趾D.heels足跟,脚后跟
【考查点】名词辨析。
【解题思路】根据句意“小偷逃跑了,当地警察______”可知,警察对小偷是紧跟不舍,根据close可以推知空格处表示“紧跟”的意思,而onone’sheels也是常用搭配,表示“紧跟”,所以该题选择D项。
【干扰项排除】
A、B项不符合句意;
C选项“toes”构成固定搭配onone’stoes“警觉的;作好行动准备的”不符合句子逻辑关系,排除。
【句意】小偷逃跑了,当地警察紧追不舍。
2.单选题
Teacherscomplainthatchildren_______thesetestswithoutbeingabletowriteadecentessay,solveamulti-stepmathproblemorconstructaframework.
问题1选项
A.lookthrough
B.carrythrough
C.sailthrough
D.putthrough
【答案】C
【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项lookthrough“浏览;仔细查看”;B选项carrythrough“(常指不顾困难)完成”;C选项sailthrough“轻易完成;顺利通过”;D选项putthrough“给……接通电话;使……遭受”。句意:老师们抱怨说,孩子们没有写出一篇像样的文章、解决一个多步骤的数学问题或构建一个框架,在这种情况下_______这些测试。根据语境,sailthrough“顺利通过”搭配tests“测试”比较合理,意指学生不做什么努力就通过测试了。因此C选项正确。
3.单选题
Itgoeswithoutsayingthatpeoplewhorefuseto(
)withthelawwillbepunished.
问题1选项
A.conceal
B.consent
C.abide
D.comply
【答案】D
【解析】动词辨析题。A选项conceal“隐藏,隐瞒”;B选项consent“同意,准许”;C选项abide“忍受”;D选项comply“遵守”。
句意:不言而喻,拒绝遵守法律的人将受到惩罚。complywith意为“遵守”,所以选项D正确。
4.翻译题
TheInternet,oncethedomainofeducationandgovernment,hassuddenlyexplodedintothecommercialsector.Fromthiswewillwitnessdramaticchangesinthewayweworkandthesystemswewilluse.JavawillhaveaveryimportantroletoplayinthisdigitalrevolutionallowingexecutablecontentthataresafetotraverseandridetheInternetontoourdesktops.Arich,interactive,three-dimensional“SecondWeb”isexpectedtoevolvewhichwillhelptoattractalargeraudiencethantoday’stwo-dimensionaltext-picturesmodel.
NewtechnologiesarealreadybeginningtotransformtheWorldWideWebfromitscentricsystemtoonemoreliketherealworld-interactive,three-dimensionalandanimate.
“TheFirstWeb”isprimarilyamediumfordocumentaccess.Itisfundamentallyareadingexperiencewithbenefitsoftenexpressedinthesavingsachievedbyeliminatingpaper-basedprocesses.Asaresult,theWebappliestoalimitedpartofourlives.Ithasnotbecomeamassmediumforthehomeliketelephonesandtelevisionsets.
【答案】过去,互联网是教育和政府专用的,但是,现在它突然广泛应用于商业层面,由此,我们发现我们的工作方式和使用的系统发生了巨大的变化。JAVA语言在这场数字革命中起了重要的作用,它使可执行文件可以通过互联网安全地传送到我们的计算机中。很快,会出现一个更丰富,互动的三维“第二代”网络,与今天的二维文本图像网络相比,它能吸引更多的用户。
新技术已经开始把万维网从以网页为中心的系统变得更加真实,更加有立体感以及更加栩栩如生。
第一代网络是一种以文件访问为主的媒介。它的主要用途是阅读,优点是消除了很多文字和材料工作,节省了费用。因此,它在我们的生活中的应用很小。它并没有像电话的电视那样成为一种大众媒体。
5.单选题
Avisitortoamuseumtodaywouldnotice(
)changesinthewaymuseumsareoperated.
问题1选项
A.cognitive
B.rigorous
C.conspicuous
D.exclusive
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。cognitive“认知的”;rigorous“严格的,严厉的”;conspicuous“显著的”;exclusive“唯一的,独有的”。句意:如果今天去博物馆参观,就会注意到博物馆的经营方式发生了显著的变化。选项C符合题意。
6.单选题
Examinationsdonot()studentstoseekmoreknowledge.
问题1选项
A.exert
B.instruct
C.motivate
D.qualify
【答案】C
【解析】词义辨析题。exert运用;instruct指导;motivate激励;qualify使…有资格。句意:考试无法激励学生去追求更多的知识。选项C符合句意。
7.单选题
Theoldcoupledecidedto()aboythoughtheyhadthreechildrenown.
问题1选项
A.adapt
B.bring
C.receive
D.adopt
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项adapt“(使)适应,改编”,常用“adaptoneselftosth.适应……”;B选项bring“带来”;C选项receive“收到”;D选项adopt“采纳,收养,选定”。句意:虽然这对老夫妇已经有了三个孩子,但他们还是决定()一个男孩。这里要表达的意思是“领养一个男孩”,因此D选项正确。
8.单选题
Scienceisbasedonexperiment,onawillingnessto()olddogma,onanopennesstoseetheuniverseasitreallyis.
问题1选项
A.encounter
B.convert
C.challenge
D.formulate
【答案】C
【解析】动词词义辨析。encounter“偶然遇见”;convert“转换”;challenge“挑战”;formulate“规划”。句意:科学是基于实验的,愿意去挑战老教条,以开放的眼光去探求宇宙的本质。选项C符合题意。
9.单选题
WemetMaryandherhusbandatapartytwomonthsago.()we’vehadnofurthercommunication.
问题1选项
A.Thereof
B.Thereby
C.Thereafter
D.Thereabouts
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项Thereof“由此;在其中;关于……”;B选项Thereby“从而,因此;在那附近;在那方面”;C选项Thereafter“其后;从那时以后”;D选项Thereabouts“大约;在那附近”。由后半句“we’vehadnofurthercommunication”(我们没有进一步的联系)可知是从上次见过以后就没有联系了,因此是时间前后的关系。句意:我们在两个月前的一次聚会上遇到了玛丽和她的丈夫,此后我们就没有进一步的联系了。因此C选项正确。
10.单选题
Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured____thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.
问题1选项
A.inlinewith
B.intermsof
C.inregardwith
D.bymeansof
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.inlinewith与……一致B.intermsof就……而言
C.inregardwith无此表达D.bymeansof通过……方式
【答案】D
【考查点】语义衔接
【解题思路】空格前语义为“一个国家的财富应该被衡量”,空格后语义为“人民的健康和幸福,以及它所能生产的物质产品”,由此可知,后者为衡量一个国家财富的两种方式或两个标准,D选项bymeansof“通过……方式”最符合原句语义衔接。
【干扰项排除】
A选项inlinewith“与……一致”,不符合原句语义衔接;
B选项intermsof“就……而言”,不符合原句语义衔接;
C选项inregardwith,其正确表达为in/withregardto“关于;至于”。
【句意】一个国家的财富应该用国民的健康和幸福以及它所能生产的物质产品来衡量。
11.单选题
RadiostationsareproliferatingovertheInternet,somoreandmoreAmericanscanlistentohometownstations—eveniftheyliveinNomeorInMiami.
问题1选项
A.roaming
B.transmitting
C.increasing
D.broadcasting
【答案】C
【解析】句意:无线电台在互联网上激增,因此越来越多的美国人可以收听家乡电台的节目——即使他们住在诺姆或迈阿密。proliferating意为“激增,大量生存产”。roaming漫步,闲逛;transmitting传送,传递;increasing增加,增大;broadcasting广播。选项C与之意思相近。
12.写作题
Insomecountriesyoungpeopleareencouragedtoworkortravelforayearbetweenfinishinghighschoolandstartinguniversitystudies.
Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesforyoungpeoplewhodecidetodothis.Givereasonsforyouranswerandincludeanyrelevantexamplesfromyourownknowledgeorexperience.
【答案】略
13.单选题
Belyinghisearlierreputationfor(
)asanegotiator,Morganhadrecentlyassumedamore(
)stanceforwhichmanyofhiserstwhilecriticspraisedhim.
问题1选项
A.inflexibility...unreasonable
B.impropriety...oscillatory
C.intransigence...tolerant
D.success...authoritative
【答案】C
【解析】名词和形容词词义辨析。A选项的inflexibility“不屈性,顽固”;unreasonable“不合理的,不公正的”;B选项的impropriety“不合适,不恰当”;oscillatory“振动的,动摇的,变动的";C选项的intransigence“不妥协,强硬”;tolerant“忍受的,容忍的,宽容的”;D选项的success“成功,胜利”;authoritative“命令式的,专断的,权威式的”。根据句意‘与他先前亳不让步的谈判者的声誉相反,摩根近来采取了一种更为缓和的立场,所以许多他先前的批判者转而称赞他’确定C选项正确。
14.填空题
Atheoryofteninvolvesanimaginarymodelthathelpsscientistspicturethewayanobservedeventcouldbeproduced.Agoodexampleofthisisfoundinthekineticmoleculartheory,inwhichgasesarepicturedlikebeingmadeupofmany
A
B
C
D
smallparticlesthatareinconstantmotion.
【答案】Dlike改为as
【解析】【考查点】固定搭配。
【解题思路】picturesth.assth.意思为“把……设想成……”,此题用的是被动语态,即gasesarepicturedas。
【句意】理论通常包含假设的模型,以帮助科学家描绘观察到的事件产生的方式。分子运动理论就是一个很好的例子。在这个理论中,气体被设想成由许多不断运动的小颗粒组成。
15.单选题
Thereportincludesataleofhowanhonorablemanpursuinghonorablegoalswasafflictedwith()andledhisnationtowardscatastrophe.
问题1选项
A.pride
B.humility
C.gratification
D.hubris
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项pride“自豪,傲慢”;B选项humility“谦逊”;C选项gratification“满意,喜悦”;D选项hubris“狂妄自大”。句意:这个报告包括了一个故事,的是一个高贵的人是如何追求崇高的目标,却由于狂妄自大而受到折磨,从而使他的国家走向灾难。选项D符合语境。
16.单选题
Thewealthofacountryshouldbemeasured()thehealthandhappinessofitspeopleaswellasthematerialgoodsitcanproduce.
问题1选项
A.inregardto
B.inlinewith
C.intermsof
D.bymeansof
【答案】C
【解析】考查短语。inregardto“关于”;inlinewith“符合,与……一致”;intermsof“依据,按照”;bymeansof“用,依靠”。分析句子结构可知,空格处后面的内容是做方式状语,因此从C与D选项中选,根据两个词组的意思,可知选项C符合题意。
17.单选题
Manyproducts,includingprescriptiondrugs,areregulatedbythefederalgovernment.However,thestateshavelawsthatallowinjuredconsumerstosueamanufacturer.
问题1选项
A.complain
B.charge
C.execute
D.punish
【答案】B
【解析】【选项释义】
A.complain埋怨,发牢骚B.charge控告,起诉
C.execute(尤指依法)处决;实行,执行D.punish对……判罪
【答案】B
【考查点】动词辨析。
【解题思路】sue的意思为“控告,提起诉讼”,这里指各州的法律允许消费者起诉制造商,charge的词义与之相近,因此B选项正确。
【干扰项排除】A、C、D选项词义与之不符。
【句意】许多产品,包括处方药,都由联邦政府监管。然而,各州的法律允许权益受到侵害的消费者起诉制造商。
18.单选题
AccordingtoScottAdams,creatorofthecomicstrip(系列漫画)Dilbert,theannualperformancereviewis“oneofthemostfrighteningandweakeningexperiences”ineveryemployee’slife.Adams’storiesandcomicfigurespokefunattheworkplace,buthischaracterizationofpeople’sfeelingsabouttheannualperformancereviewhasitsseriousside.Althougharecentstudyof437companiesindicatesthateffectiveannualperformancereviewscanhelpraiseprofits,mostemployeesofthosecompanieshatethem.
Intheory,annualperformancereviewsareconstructiveandpositiveinteractionsbetweenmanagersandemployeesworkingtogethertoattainmaximumperformanceandstrengthentheorganization.Inreality,theyoftencreatedivision,underminemorale,andsparkangerandjealousy.Thusalthoughtheobjectoftheannualperformancereviewistoimproveperformance,itoftenhastheoppositeresult.AprogrammeratanITfirmwasstunnedtolearnatherannualperformancereviewthatshewasdeniedapromotionbecauseshewasn’ta“termplayer”.Whatwerethedatausedtomakethisjudgment?Shedidn’tsmileinthecompanyphoto.
AlthoughthisstorymightsoundasifitcamestraightoutofDilbert,itisatrueaccountofonewoman’sexperience.Byfollowingafewideasandguidelinesfromindustryanalysis,thiskindofordealcanbeavoided:
Toendtheyearwithapositiveandusefulperformancereview,managersandemployeesmuststarttheyearbyworkingtogethertoestablishcleargoalsandexpectations.
Itmaybehelpfultoallowemployeestoproposealistofpeopleassociatedwiththecompanywhowillbeinagoodpositiontoassesstheirperformanceattheendoftheyear;thesepeoplemaybeco¬workers,suppliers,orevencustomers.
Goalsshouldbemeasurablebutflexible,andeveryoneshouldsignoffontheplan.
Bycheckingemployees’progressataboutninemonths,managerscangivethemachancetocorrectmistakesandprovideguidancetothosewhoneeditbeforetheyearisout.
Whenconductingthereview,managersshouldhighlightstrengthsandweaknessesduringthepastyearanddiscussfutureresponsibilities,avoidingpunishmentorblame.
Inshort,whenemployeesleavetheirperformancereviews,theyshouldbefocusingonwhattheycandobetterintheyearahead,notworryingaboutwhatwentintotheirfilesaboutthepast.
1.InhiscomicstripDilbert,ScottAdams().
2.AllthefollowingarementionedasthedrawbacksofannualperformancereviewsEXCEPT()
3.Theword"ordeal"inParagraph3probablyrefersto().
4.Theannualperformancereviews,tobeeffectivemustfocuson().
5.ThegeneralattitudeoftheauthortowardAdam'scomicstripDilbertis().
问题1选项
A.makesfunofworkingpeople
B.tellsastoryaboutaswomanemployee
C.promotesteamspiritamongco-workers
D.mocksannualperformancereviews
问题2选项
A.reducingefficiency
B.creatingtension
C.underminingmorale
D.inducinganger
问题3选项
A.likelihoodofpromotion
B.depressiveexperience
C.poorperformance
D.unrealisticexpectation
问题4选项
A.makingemployeesawareoftheircompany'sfuturegoals
B.involvingemployeesinassessingtheirownperformance
C.encouragingemployeestoachievebetterfutureperformance
D.highlightingwhatresponsibilitiesemployeeshavefailedin
问题5选项
A.negative
B.positive
C.neutral
D.unclear
【答案】第1题:D
第2题:A
第3题:B
第4题:C
第5题:B
【解析】1.细节推理题。根据关键词“ScottAdams”定位到第一段的第二句。“Adams'storiesandcomicfigures...theannualperformancereviewhasitsseriousside.”Adams的故事和喜剧形象嘲讽了工作场合,但对员工关于年度绩效评估感受的描绘也有其严肃的一面。选项D符合原文。
2.细节判断题。根据第二段第二句“Inreality,theyoftencreatedivision,underminemorale,andsparkangerandjealousy.”只有选项A没有提及,所以本题选A。
3.结合上下文句意可知,“ordeal”指上文提到的IT公司一位女程序员的痛苦经历。选项B正确。
4.根据最后一段“whenemployeesleavetheirperformancereviews,theyshouldbefocusingonwhattheycandobetterintheyearahead.”当员工把绩效评估放在一旁时,他们应该关注来年能够更好的完成什么。选项C符合原文。
5.根据第一段可知,Adams的漫画嘲讽了工作场合,但对员工关于年度绩效评估感受的描绘也有其严肃的一面。再根据第二段可知,作者认为年度绩效评估会带来反作用,所以作者对Adams漫画的态度是积极的,支持的。
19.单选题
Bothcivilizationandculturearefairlymodernwords,havingcomeintoprominentuseduringthe19thcenturybyanthropologists,historians,andliteraryfigures.Therehasbeenastrongtendencytousetheminterchangeablyasthoughtheymeanthesamething,buttheyarenotthesame.
Althoughmodernintheirusage,thetwowordsderivedfromancientLatin.ThewordcivilizationisbasedontheLatincivis,ofacity.Thuscivilization,initsmostessentialmeaning,istheabilityofpeopletolivetogetherharmoniouslyincities,insocialgroupings.Fromthisdefinitionitwouldseemthatcertaininsects,suchasantsorbees,arealsocivilized.Theyliveandworktogetherinsocialgroups.Sodosomemicroorganisms.Butthereismoretocivilization,andthatiswhatculturebringstoit.So,civilizationisinseparablefromculture.
ThewordcultureisderivedfromtheLatinverbcolere,“totillthesoil”.Butcolerealsohasawiderrangeofmeanings.Itmay,likecivis,meaninhabitingatownorvillage.Butmostofitsdefinitionssuggestaprocessofstartingandpromotinggrowthanddevelopment.Onemaycultivateagarden;onemayalsocultivateone’sinterests,mind,andabilities.Initsmodernusethewordculturereferstoallthepositiveaspectsandachievementsofhumanitythatmakemankinddifferentfromtherestoftheanimalworld.Culturehasgrownoutofcreativity,acharacteristicthatseemstobeuniquetohumanbeings.
Oneofthebasicandbest-knownfeaturesofcivilizationandcultureisthepresenceoftools.Butmoreimportantthantheirsimpleexistenceisthatthetoolsarealwaysbeingimprovedandenlargedupon,aresultofcreativity.Ittookthousandsofyearstogetfromthefirstwheeltothelatest,mostadvancedmodelofautomobile.
Itistheconceptofhumansastoolmakersandimproversthatdifferentiatesthemfromotheranimals.Amonkeymayuseasticktoknockabananafromatree,butthatstickwillnever,throughamonkey’scleverness,bemodifiedintoahookoraladder.Monkeyshaveneverdevisedaspokenlanguage,writtenabook,composedamelody,builtahouse,orpaintedaportrait.Tosaythatbirdsbuildnestsandbeaverstheirdensistomissthepoint.Peopleoncelivedincaves,buttheircleverness,imaginationandcreativityledthemtoprogressbeyondcavestobuildings.
1.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthewords“civilization”and“culture”?
2.Accordingtotheauthortheword“civilization”originallyrefersto().
3.TheLatinverbcolereoriginallymeans“()”.
4.Theauthorbelievesthatcreativity().
5.Theauthormentionsmonkeysinthelastparagraphtoshowthat().
问题1选项
A.Theyareidentical.
B.Theyaredifferentconcepts.
C.Theycanoftenbeusedinterchangeably.
D.Theyaredenieddifferentlybydifferentpeople.
问题2选项
A.people’swayoflifeincities.
B.people’sabilitytolivetogetherincities.
C.atypeofsocialorganizations.
D.anadvancedlevelofsociallife.
问题3选项
A.liveinacity.
B.developoneself.
C.promotegrowth
D.cultivatetheland
问题4选项
A.isauniquefeatureofcivilizedbeings.
B.bringsforththeimprovementoftools.
C.istheresultofhumandevelopment.
D.helpstheadvanceofculture.
问题5选项
A.monkeysarethesameasbirds.
B.peopleoncelivedincaveslikemonkeys.
C.monkeyscanneverdevelopintohumanbeings.
D.manisdifferentfromotheranimalssuchasmonkeys.
【答案】第1题:B
第2题:B
第3题:D
第4题:B
第5题:D
【解析】1.根据第一段的最后一句“Therehasbeenastrongtendencytousetheminterchangeablyasthoughtheymeanthesamething,buttheyarenotthesame.”人们经常把它们互换使用,就好像它们的意思是一样的,但其实它们是不一样的。选项B正确。
2.根据第二段的第三句“Thuscivilization,initsmostessentialmeaning,istheabilityofpeopletolivetogetherharmoniouslyincities,insocialgroupings.”文明从最基本的意义上说,是人们在城市或社会团体中和谐地生活在一起的能力。选项B符合原文。
3.根据第三段的第一句可知colere最初的意思是“totillthesoil”,也就是耕耘土地。选项D正确。
4.根据第四段的第二句“Butmoreimportantthantheirsimpleexistenceisthatthetoolsarealwaysbeingimprovedandenlargedupon,aresultofcreativity.”工具总是在不断改进和扩大,这是创造性的结果。选项B符合原文。
5.根据最后一段的第一句“Itistheconceptofhumansastoolmakersandimproversthatdifferentiatesthemfromotheranimals.”。选项D正确。
20.单选题
Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.
问题1选项
A.Hefoundtherehadbeenlittleresearchontheirlanguage.
B.HewastryingtopreservethelanguagesoftheIndiantribes.
C.Hiscontactwithasocialworkerhadgreatlyarousedhisinterestinthetribe.
D.HismeetingwithGonzalezhadmadehimeagertolearnmoreaboutthetribe.
问题2选项
A.HetaughtCopelandtospeaktheTarahumaraslanguage.
B.HepersuadedtheTarahumarastoacceptCopeland’sgifts.
C.Herecommendedoneofhisbestfriendsasaninterpreter.
D.HeactedasanintermediarybetweenCopelandandthevillagers.
问题3选项
A.Unpredictable.
B.Unjustifiable.
C.Laborious.
D.Tedious.
问题4选项
A.Theirappreciationofhelpfromtheoutsiders.
B.Theirsenseofsharingandcaring.
C.Theirreadinesstoadapttotechnology.
D.Theirbeliefincreatingwealthforthemselves.
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:D
第3题:C
第4题:B
【解析】PassageTwo
TheideatostudytheAmericanIndiantribe,Tarahumaras,cametoJamesCopelandin1984,[12]whenhediscoveredthatverylittleresearchhadbeendoneontheirlanguage.HecontactedatribememberthroughasocialworkerwhoworkedwiththetribesmeninMexico.Atfirst,thetribemember,namedGonzalez,wasveryreluctanttocooperate.HetoldCopelandthatnoamountofmoneycouldbuyhislanguage.ButafterCopelandexplainedtohimwhatheintendedtodowithhisresearchandhowitwouldbenefittheTarahumaras,Gonzalezagreedtohelp.[13]HetookCopelandtohisvillageandservedasanintermediary.Copelandsays:“Thankstohim,theTarahumarasunderstoodwhatourmissionwasandstartedtrustingus.”
[14]EnteringtheworldoftheTarahumarashasbeenalaboriousprojectforCopeland.Toreachthen-homelandhemustdrivetwoandahalfdaysfromHouston,Texas.Heloadsuphisvehiclewithgoodsthatthetribesmencan’teasilyget,andgivesgoodstothemasagestureoffriendship.TheTarahumaras,whodon’tbelieveinaccumulatingwealth,takethefoodandshareitamongthemselves.
ForCopeland,theexperiencehasnotonlybeenacademicallysatisfying,butalsohasenrichedhislifeinseveralways.“Iseepeoplerejectingtechnologyandlivingaveryhard,traditionallife,whichoffersmeanothernotionaboutthemeaningofprogressinthewesterntradition,”hesays.“IexperiencethesimplicityoflivinginnaturethatIwouldotherwiseonlybeabletoreadabout.[15]Iseealotofbeautyintheirsenseofsharingandconcernforeachother.
12.WhydidJamesCopelandwanttostudytheAmericanIndiantribeTarahumaras?
【试题答案】A
【试题解析】题目问的是JamesCopeland研究美洲印第安部落塔拉乌马拉人(Tarahumaras)的原因。录音开头提到,他发现对塔拉乌马拉人的语言进行的研究很少,于是产生了研究该部落的念头,A选项“他发现对他们语言的研究几乎没有”与录音原文表述相符,因此正确。B选项“他正努力保护印第安人部落的语言”在录音中并未提及;C选项“他与一名社会工作者的接触极大地激发了他对该部落的兴趣”,利用录音中出现的asocialworker设置干扰,录音说的是他通过一名社会工作者与部落的成员取得了联系,是研究该部落的一种渠道而不是研究该部落的原因,因此可排除;D选项“与Gonzalez的会面使他渴望更多地了解这个部落”,录音中提及Copeland与Gonzalez的会面是发生在他产生了研究兴趣之后,因此也可排除。
13.HowdidGonzalezhelpJamesCopeland?
【试题答案】D
【试题解析】题目问Gonzalez是如何帮助Copeland的?录音中提到,Gonzalez带Copeland去了他所在的村落,并充当了中间人,D选项“他在Copeland和村民之间扮演着中间人的角色”符合录音原文的表述,因此正确。A选项“他教Copeland说塔拉乌马拉人的语言”和C项“他推荐他的一位好朋友当翻译”在录音中均没有信息提及;B选项“他劝服塔拉乌马拉人接受Copeland的礼物”,录音只说了塔拉乌马拉人接受了礼物,并与大家一起分享,并没有提及他们是否在Gonzalez的劝说下才接受礼物,因此B选项也可排除。
14.WhatdoesthespeakersayaboutJamesCopeland’striptotheTarahumarasvillage?
【试题答案】C
【试题解析】题目问说话者对JamesCopeland的塔拉乌马拉人村落之旅的看法。录音提到,对Copeland而言,进入塔拉乌马拉人的世界是一项艰苦的任务(alaboriousproject),因此C选项“艰苦的,费劲的”正确。A选项“不可预知的”;B选项“不合理的”和D选项“乏味的”在录音中均没有信息提及。
15.WhatimpressesJamesCopelandabouttheTarahumarastribe?
【试题答案】B
【试题解析】题目问塔拉乌马拉部落给Copeland留下深刻印象的是什么?录音结尾提到,Copeland从他们互相分享和关心中看到了很多美好,因此B选项“他们的分享和关心”正确。A选项“他们对外来者的帮助表示感激”,录音中没有提及;C选项“他们乐于适应科技”,录音中提到的是(塔拉乌马拉部落的)人们拒绝科技(rejectingtechnology),因此C选项不正确;D选项“他们为自己创造财富的信仰”,录音中提及塔拉乌马拉人不崇尚积累财富(whodon’tbelieveinaccumulatingwealth),因此D选项也不正确。
21.单选题
Hewassenttoanartschoolinthe____thathewastalentedindrawing.
问题1选项
A.pre-mediation
B.prejudice
C.precipitation
D.presumption
【答案】D
【解析】【选项释义】
A.pre-mediation诉前调解B.prejudice偏见
C.precipitation降水;沉淀D.presumption假设;可能正确的事
【答案】D
【考查点】语义衔接与形近词辨析
【解题思路】前文内容为“他被送到一所艺术学校”,后文内容为“他在绘画方面有天赋”,根据语义逻辑,他因为有绘画天赋所以被送进了艺术学校。因此,D选项presumption“假设;可能正确的事”,符合语义衔接。
【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项不符合语义衔接。
【句意】他被送进了艺术学校因为(家长)以为他有绘画天赋。
22.单选题
Thosewho’veheardofZaneGreyusuallyidentifyhimastheauthorofbest-sellingwesterns,butfewrealizethathewasthecommerciallymostsuccessfulAmericanauthorofthe1920s.Eachyearfrom1915to1924,hehadanewnovelontheannuallistoftop-10bestsellers.RidersofthePurpleSage,TheLightofWesternStars,andTheRainbowTrailarestillpopular,butGrey’sbeststorymaybehisowncolorfulandremarkablylittle-knownlife.
ZaneGreywasborninZanesville,Ohio.Greyrecalledhisownyouthasfullofrelentlessconflictswithhisstern,demandingfather,afarmer’ssonwhohadbecomeasuccessfuldentistinZanesville.Grey’sdelinquencyandpoorrecordinschoolexacerbatedmatters.Then,midwaythroughhisjunioryear,hehadtodropoutofhighschooltohelphisfatherwhosuddenlybecamepoorbypullingteethforneedylocals.
Fordiversion,Greyplayedbaseball--withenoughtalenttoearnscholarshipstoseveraluniversities.HechosetheUniversityofPennsylvanianotonlyforitsaccomplishedteam,butalsoforitsdentalschool,whichofferedhimimmediateadmission,sparinghimthetoughundergraduateprogram.Aftergraduation,heconcentratedmoreonbaseballthandentistry,hopingtoreachthemajorleagues,buttonoavail.Heretreatedtoafull-timepracticeinNewYorkCity,butquicklydiscoveredthatwritingaboutancestorswhoselivesweremoredistinguishedandexcitingthanhiswaspreferabletocopingwithdecayedteethandbadbreath.
Duringasummerescapein1900toruralLackawaxenontheupperDelawareRiver,hemetLina“Dolly”Roth,11yearsyounger,aNewYorkdoctor’sdaughterwhoenthusiasticallysupportedhisyearningtobecomeawriter.Aftertheirmarriagein1905,hersubstantialinheritanceenabledhimtoquitdentistryandwritefulltime.Theircross-countryhoneymoontripcarriedthemtotheGrandCanyonatthedawnofitstouristappeal.Greywascaptivatedbythecanyon’snaturalsplendor.Hewouldreturntheretwicemoreformountain-lionhunts,whichinspiredHeritageoftheDesert,hisfirstwesternstory,publishedin1910whenhewas38.Forthenext15years,hereturnedannuallytotheSouthwesttofindnewmaterialformorebooks.
1.Asawriter,ZaneGrey().
2.Inhischildhood,ZaneGrey().
3.Beforeenteringuniversity,ZaneGrey().
4.Aftergraduatingfromuniversity,ZaneGreywenttoNewYorkand().
5.ZaneGreywasabletowritefulltimemainlybecause().
6.ItcanbelearnedthatZaneGrey’sfirstwesternstory().
问题1选项
A.isstillpopularatthepresenttime
B.isbestknownforhisgloriouslife
C.wrotemuchofhisuniquegrowth
D.showedhispotentialatanearlyage
问题2选项
A.livedaliferathereasyandcarefree
B.wasamongthosetameschoolboys
C.wasinbadtermswithhisfather
D.tookaspecialinterestindentistry
问题3选项
A.playedinaprofessionalbaseballteam
B.showedthegreatpotentialforbaseball
C.triedhardtoapplyforascholarship
D.begantolearnundergraduatesubjects
问题4选项
A.wroteabouthisfrustrations
B.playedinthemajorleagues
C.becameafull-timebaseballplayer
D.foundhisrealinterest
问题5选项
A.hehadearnedalotofmoneyfromdentistry
B.hiswifeagreedtoworktosupportthefamily
C.hiswifebackedhimupwithagreatfortune
D.hehadrealizedthehugevaluetobeawriter
问题6选项
A.wasmotivatedbyhistripstotheGrandCanyon
B.wasbasedonhiscross-countrytripwithhiswife
C.depictedhistripstotheSouthwestpartoftheU.S.
D.describedhisannualtripformountain-lionhunts
【答案】第1题:A
第2题:C
第3题:B
第4题:D
第5题:C
第6题:A
【解析】1.细节事实题。文章第一段提到ZaneGrey的三本书至今非常受欢迎,由此可知他本人现在也是非常有名,选项A符合题意。
2.细节事实题。文章第二段第二句话提到Grey回忆起自己的青年时代,他与苛刻的父亲经常发生冲突(Greyrecalledhisownyouthasfullofrelentlessconflictswithhisstem,demandingfather),由此可知选项C符合题意。
3.细节事实题。文章第三段提到他在棒球上有很大的天赋,并以此获得几所大学的奖学金(Fordiversion,Greyplayedbaseball--withenoughtalenttoearnscholarshipstoseveraluniversities),因此选项B符合题意。
4.细节事实题。文章第三段提到毕业后,他更专注于棒球而不是牙科,希望能进入大联盟,但是没有成功。他到纽约做全职牙医,但是随后他发现写作比对付龋齿和口臭要好得多(butquicklydiscoveredthatwritingaboutancestorswhoselivesweremoredistinguishedandexcitingthanhiswaspreferabletocopingwithdecayedteethandbadbreath),所以选项D符合题意。
5.细节事实题。文章最后一段提到Grey的妻子继承了可观的遗产,让他能全职写作(Aftertheirmarriagein1905,hersubstantialinheritanceenabledhimtoquitdentistryandwritefulltime),因此选项C符合题意。
6.判断推理题。文章最后一段提到他们去大峡谷度蜜月,被峡谷的自然美景迷住,Grey两次回到那里,这激发了他的创作灵感,创作了第一部小说。因此选项A符合题意。
23.单选题
Beforeitcouldberesolvedthroughanewcentralizationofdynasticpowerunderanewmandate,theintellectualcrisisoftheConfucianbeliefsbroughtonbytheimpactoftheWestunderminedthesocialorderitself,whichwasmademorevulnerablebythe()ofitspoliticalinstitutions.
问题1选项
A.functional
B.malpractice
C.integration
D.disintegration
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词以及形容词词义辨析。A选项functional“功能的”;B选项malpractice“玩忽职守”;C选项integration“集成,综合”;D选项disintegration“瓦解,崩溃”。题干说到,西方冲击了孔子思想指示破坏了秩序的本事,可推测空中应该填入一个表示坏结果的词,A,C可排除。B选项在不符合题意,也可排除。句意:在它可以通过新的王朝权力集中来解决之前,西方影响所带来的儒家信仰的知识危机破坏了社会秩序本身,它因其政治机构的……而变得更加脆弱。因此D选项正确。
24.单选题
Thecomputerrevolutionmaywellchangesocietyas()asdidtheIndustrialRevolution.
问题1选项
A.certainly
B.insignificantly
C.fundamentally
D.comparatively
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词辨析。A选项certainly“当然;必定”;B选项insignificantly“无关紧要地”;C选项fundamentally“根本地,从根本上;基础地”;D选项comparatively“比较地;相当地”。句意:计算机革命可能会像工业革命一样从根本上改变我们的社会。因此C符合句意。
25.不定项选择题
Sometimearound621BC,alegislatornamedDracoappearedontheAtheniansceneandmadethelawsthatsubstitutedpublicjusticeforpersonalrevenge.Hislawsweresoseverethatthelegislatorhasbeenimmortalizedbytheword“draconian”.TheselawsheldforonlyaquarterofacenturyuntilSolon,whocametobecalledthefounderofAtheniandemocracy,abolishedthedeathpenaltyforeverythingbutmurder.Solonalsocarriedoutconstitutionalreformsthatsetupfreeelectionandbroughtallclasses,exceptslaves,intotheprocessofgovernment.Andsodemocracybegan.
AhundredyearslaterdemocracyandeverythingelseGreecehadbuiltupwerethreatenedbyPersia.ThefirstofPersia’sexpeditionstookplacein490BCwhenitsarmyarrivedatMarathon,
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