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书山有路勤为径,学海无涯苦作舟!住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-上海体育职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解(图片大小可自由调整)全文为Word可编辑,若为PDF皆为盗版,请谨慎购买!第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Amillionmotoristsleavetheircarsfilledupwithpetrolandwiththekeysintheignitioneveryday.Thevehiclesaresittinginpetrolstationswhiledriverspayfortheirfuel.TheAutomobileAssociation(AA)hasdiscoveredthatcarsareleftunattendedforanaveragethreeminutes—andsometimesconsiderablylonger—asdriversbuydrinks,sweets,cigarettesandotherconsumeritems—andthenpayatthecashtill.Withpaymentbythecreditcardmoreandmorecommon,itisnotunusualforadrivertobeoutofhiscarforaslongassixminutes,providingthecarthiefwithagoldenopportunity.

InanexclusiveAAsurvey,carriedoutatabusygarageonamainroadoutofLondon,300motoristswerequestionedoverthreedaysoftheholidayperiod.Twenty-fourpercentadmittedthatthey“always”or“sometimes”leavethekeysintheircar.Thismeansthatnationwide,amillioncarsdailybecomeeasytargetsfortheopportunistthief.

Formorethantenyearstherehasbeenabiggerriseincarcrimethaninmostothertypesofcrime.Anaverageofmorethantwocarsaminutearebrokeninto,vandalizedorstolenintheUK.Carcrimeaccountsforalmostathirdofallreportedoffenceswithnosignsthatthetrendisslowingdown.

Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheft,almost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.Amateurthievesareaidedbyourowncarelessness.WhenAAengineerssurveyedontowncentercarparklastyear,tenpercentofthecarscheckedwereunlocked,afigurebackedbyaHomeOfficenationalsurveythatfound12percentofdriverssometimeslefttheircarsunlocked.TheAArecommendslockingupwheneveryouleavethecarandforhowevershortaperiod.Apartiallyopensun-rooforwindowisafurthercome-ontothieves.

Therearemanyothertrapstoavoid.TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdrivesaboutsafeparking.Mostmotoristsquestionedmadenoeffortstoavoidparkinginquietspotsawayfromstreetlights—justtheplacesthieves’love.TheAAadvisesdriverstoparkinplaceswithpeoplearound—thievesdon’tlikeaudiences.Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals.AManchesterProbationaryServiceresearchproject,whichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyear,foundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.Neverleaveanydocumentsshowingyourhomeaddressinthecar.Ifyouhaveagarage,useitandlockit—agaragecarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.

1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

2.Whereinthepassagedoestheauthormentionleavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals?

3.ThecartheftisduetoallofthefollowingEXCEPT(

).

4.Inordertopreventcartheft,peoplearerecommendedto

).

5.Themainpurposeofthispassageisto(

).

问题1选项

A.Theuseofcreditcardsmayincreasetheriskofcartheft.

B.Itisadvisedthatthedriverstakecarkeyswiththem.

C.Mostcarsarestolenbyprofessionalthieves.

D.TheAAadvisesthatmotoristsleavetheircarslocked.

问题2选项

A.Thefirstparagraph.

B.Thesecondparagraph.

C.Thethirdparagraph.

D.Thelastparagraph.

问题3选项

A.people'scarelessness

B.unawarenessofsafeparking

C.coatleftonthecarseat

D.poorqualityofacarlock

问题4选项

A.parkcarsinquietplaces

B.useagarageandlockit

C.leaveasparecarkeyathome

D.becomeamemberofAA

问题5选项

A.analyzetheriseofthecartheftinBritain

B.reportthesurveyresultsbyAA

C.suggestthewaystoinvestigatecartheft

D.comparecarcrimewithothertypesofcrime

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】1.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Althoughtherearehighlyprofessionalcriminalsinvolvedincartheft,almost90percentofcarcrimeiscommittedbytheopportunist.(虽然有高度职业犯罪涉及汽车盗窃,几乎90%的汽车犯罪是由机会主义者干的)可知只有少数汽车是被职业窃贼偷走的,因此C选项“大多数汽车是被职业窃贼偷走的”说法不正确。

2.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Leavingvaluablesinviewisaninvitationtothecriminals(把贵重物品放在显眼的地方是对罪犯的一种诱惑)可知选D。

3.细节事实题。由文章第四段中的Amateurthievesareaidedbyourowncarelessness(我们自己的粗心大意给那些业余小偷助了一臂之力)可知与A选项“人的粗心”相符;由第五段中的TheHomeOfficehasfoundlittleawarenessamongdrivesaboutsafeparking(内政部发现,驾车者对安全停车的意识很低)可知与B“未意识到安全停车”相符;由第五段中的whichinterviewedalmost100carthieveslastyear,foundmanywouldinvestigateacoatthrownonaseat.(这个研究项目去年采访了近100名偷车贼,发现许多偷车贼会翻看一件扔在座位上的外套)可知与C选项“留在汽车座椅上的外套”相符,故排除A、B、C选项,因此选D,汽车锁的质量问题并没有在文中提及。

4.细节事实题。由文章最后一段中的Ifyouhaveagarage,useitandlockit—agaragecarisatsubstantiallylessrisk.(如果你有一个车库,使用它并锁上它——停在车库里风险要小得多)可知B选项“用车库把它锁上”符合题意。

5.主旨大意题。通读全文,可知本文主要分析了英国汽车盗窃案上升的原因:驾驶员的粗心大意;安全停车意识低;将值钱物品放到显眼处;外套扔在车座上等等,因此选A。

2.单选题

SimilarelementsintheprehistoricremainsfrombothareassuggestthatIndiansandtheirneighborshadmaintaineddistantbutrealconnections(

)before1,500BC.

问题1选项

A.ever

B.even

C.never

D.still

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。ever意为“永远,曾经”;even意为“甚至”;never意为“从不,从来没有”;still意为“仍然,依旧”。

句意:这两个地区史前遗迹中的相似元素表明,印地安人和他们的邻居甚至早在公元前1500年之前就一直保持着遥远而真实的联系。

3.单选题

Heclaimsthatadvertisingtodaytendstoportraywomenintraditionalrolessuchascookingortakingcareofthebaby.

问题1选项

A.depict

B.advocate

C.criticize

D.analyze

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项“描述,描写”;B选项“呼吁,提倡”;C选项“批评”;D选项“分析”;题干中portray“描述,描画”,句意:他声称,如今的广告倾向于塑造女性扮演传统角色,比如做饭或照顾孩子。因此A选项符合题意。

4.单选题

问题1选项

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为:男士预约了什么?由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.(我想星期三来。)”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten(我可以帮你预约那天上午10点。)”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.(我想约史密斯医生。)”,可知A选项“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.(周三上午10点史密斯医生。)”符合原文。

5.单选题

Peopleusuallyexpresstheirinterestsbywhattheyhabituallytalkaboutandhowtheyallocatetheirtimeandmoney.Forexample,Allanspendsatleastasmuchtimewatchingthestockmarketashe().

问题1选项

A.writes

B.doeswriting

C.iswriting

D.doestowrite

【答案】B

【解析】考查语法结构。句意:人们通常通过他们习惯谈论的话题以及他们如何分配时间和金钱来表达他们的兴趣。例如,艾伦花在观察股市上的时间至少和他写作的时间一样多。分析句子结构可知,as…as…表示同级之间的比较,前后时态语态应保持一致,前面使用的是动名词watching,后面同样也应该使用动名词,由此可首先排除选项A和选项D;其次,如果填入C选项句子表达不完整,应使用助动词does来指代spendstime,所以选项B正确。

6.单选题

Theydenouncedeficitspending,declaringthatyoucan’tsolvedebtproblemswithmoredebt.

问题1选项

A.condemn

B.dispute

C.contend

D.neglect

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.condemn谴责,指责B.dispute对……提出质询,对……表示异议(或怀疑)

C.contend(尤指在争论中)声称,主张D.neglect忽略,忽视

【答案】A

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】denounce的意思为“谴责,指责”,指的是谴责财政赤字,condemn与之词义相近,因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】他们谴责财政赤字,宣称增加债务并不能解决债务问题。

7.单选题

Shesaidthatshewouldbehereateighto’clock.Butshedidn’t(

)untiltenthirty.

问题1选项

A.turnon

B.turndown

C.turnup

D.turnout

【答案】C

【解析】考查词组辨析。turnon“打开”;turndown“关掉,调低”;turnup“出现”;turnout“结果是”。句意:她说她八点会到这的,但是直到十点还没出现。C项符合句意。

8.单选题

heboarddeemediturgentthatthesefiles()rightaway.

问题1选项

A.hadtobeprinted

B.shouldhavebeenprinted

C.havebeenprinted

D.beprinted

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。当句中出现deem,suggest,insist,require等表主观愿望的词时,

从句需要使用虚拟语气,

即should+动词原形,should可省略。根据句意:委员会认为迫切需要立即把这些文件打印出来。由此可知文件还没打印,

所以不用完成时。选项D正确。

9.单选题

Theworldeconomicrecessionputan()endtothesteelmarketupturnthatbeganin2002.

问题1选项

A.irregular

B.illegal

C.absurd

D.abrupt

【答案】D

【解析】形容词词义辨析。irregular"不规则的,无规律的";illegal"非法的";absurd"不合理的,荒谬的";abrupt"突然的,意外的"。根据句中upturn判定,worldeconomicrecession是"突然停止的"。句意:世界经济衰退突然结束了2002年开始的钢铁市场好转的情况。选项D符合句意。

10.单选题

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

问题1选项

A.Shecandevoteallherlifetopursuingherpassion.

B.Heraccumulatedexpertisehelpshertoachievehergoals.

C.ShecanspreadheracademicideasonaweeklyTVshow.

D.Herresearchfindingsarewidelyacclaimedintheworld.

问题2选项

A.ProvisionofguidancefornuclearlabsinEurope.

B.TouringtheglobetoattendscienceTVshows.

C.OverseeingtworesearchgroupsatOxford.

D.Scienceeducationandscientificresearch.

问题3选项

A.Abetterunderstandingofasubject.

B.Astrongerwilltomeetchallenges.

C.Abroaderknowledgeofrelatedfields.

D.Acloserrelationshipwithyoungpeople.

问题4选项

A.Byapplyingthelatestresearchmethods.

B.Bymakingfulluseoftheexistingdata.

C.Bybuildinguponpreviousdiscoveries.

D.Byutilizingmorepowerfulcomputers.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:A

第4题:B

【解析】ConversationOne

M:YouareaprofessorofphysicsattheUniversityofOxford,you’reasenioradviserattheEuropeanOrganizationforNuclearResearch,youalsoseemtotourtheglobetirelesslygivingtalks.And,inaddition,youhaveyourownweeklyTVshowonscience.Wheredoyougettheenergy?

W:[1]Oh,well,IjustlovewhatIdo.I’mextremelyfortunatetohavethislife,doingwhatIlovedoing.

M:Professor,whatexactlyisyourgoal?Whydoyoudoallofthis?

W:Well,asyousaid,Idohavedifferentthingsgoingon,buttheseIthink,canbedividedintotwogroups:[2]theeducationofscienceandthefurtherunderstandingofscience.

M:Don’tthesetwothingsgetinthewayofeachother?WhatImeanis,doesn’tgivinglecturestaketimeawayfromthelab?

W:Notreally.No.Iloveteaching,andIdon’tmindspendingmoretimedoingthat,nowthaninthepast.Also,whatIwillsayisthat[3]teachingasubjecthelpsmecomprehenditbettermyself.IfindthatitfurthersmyownknowledgewhenIhavetoexplainsomethingclearly,whenIhavetoaidothersinunderstandingit,andwhenIhavetoanswerquestionsaboutit.Teachingatahighlevelcanbeverystimulatingforanyone,nomatterhowmuchexpertisetheymayalreadyhaveinthefieldtheyareinstructing.

M:Otheranyscientificbreakthroughsthatyouseeonthenearhorizon?Asignificantdiscoveryorinventionwecanexpectsoon.

W:Theworldisalwaysconductingscienceandthereareconstantlynewthingsbeingdiscovered.Infact,rightnow[4]wehavetoomuchdatasittingincomputers.Forexample,wehavethousandsofphotosofplanetMarstakenbytelescopesthatnobodyhaseverseen.Wehavethem,yetnobodyhashadtimetolookatthemwiththeirowneyes,letaloneanalyzethem.

1.Whydoesthewomansayshecanbesoenergetic?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问为什么这位女士说她能如此精力充沛?男士问女士那么多的精力从何而来,女士回答说她就是热爱自己所从事的事业,并且感到非常幸运能够拥有这样充实的生活,做自己喜欢的事情,A选项“她可以奉献一生去追求她所热爱的事情”与录音原文表述一致,因此正确。B选项“她积累的专业知识帮助她实现了自己的目标”在录音中没有提及;C选项“她可以在每周的电视节目上传播她的学术思想”,利用录音中的weeklyTVshow设干扰,录音中并没有提及“传播她的学术思想”,因此不正确;D选项“她的研究成果在世界上广受赞誉”属于过度推断,录音内容并未涉及到这一点。

2.Whathasthewomanbeenengagedin?

【试题答案】D

【试题解析】题目问的是女士从事的工作。录音中女士明确说到她同时做着不同的事情,但这些事情总的可以分为两大类:科学教育和对科学的进一步理解。D选项“科学教育和科学研究”中的scienceeducation是录音中theeducationofscience的同义表达,而scientificresearch则是录音原文thefurtherunderstandingofscience的抽象概括,要进一步理解科学必然离不开科学研究。因此D选项正确。A选项“为欧洲核实验室提供指导”,录音中提到女士是牛津大学的物理学教授和欧洲核研究组织的高级顾问,前者属于科学教育,后者属于科学研究,A选项只涉及其中一个是不全面的,因此不正确;B选项“到世界各地参加科学类的电视节目”,这里是将录音中提到的女士会去世界各地演讲和她每周都会上科学电视节目这两个信息杂糅在一起从而产生干扰,因此不正确;C选项“监督牛津大学的两个研究小组”在录音中没有信息提及,因此排除。

3.Whatdoesthewomansayaboutthebenefitteachingbringstoher?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】题目问关于教学给她带来的好处,女士说了什么?录音中女士表示她热爱教学,教授一门课程能够帮助她更好地理解这门课程(comprehenditbetter)。因此A选项“更好地理解这门学科”正确。B选项“迎接挑战的意志增强”和D选项“与年轻人建立更密切的关系”在录音中均没有信息提及,因此可排除;C选项“拓展相关领域的知识”,录音中女士只说到教学能够加深她对所教授学科的专业知识的理解,并没有说还能够拓展相关领域的知识,选项属于过度推断,因此不正确。

4.Howdoesthewomansaynewscientificbreakthroughscanbemadepossible?

【试题答案】B

【试题解析】题目问的是女士关于如何实现新科学突破的看法。录音中男士问到女士关于科学的重大突破、发现或发明的问题,女士回答说全世界都在开展科学研究,不断有新事物被发现,目前他们科学家的电脑里就有大量的数据,只是没人有时间去看一看,更不用说分析了。言下之意,女士希望有人能将电脑里大量的科学数据充分利用起来,进行分析和研究,这样就可以实现新的科学突破。因此,B选项“通过充分利用现有的数据”与原文表述相符,因此正确。A选项“通过运用最新的研究方法”;C选项“以先前的科学发现为基础”和D选项“通过利用更强大的计算机”均不正确,只是出现了录音中的个别单词来进行混淆,因此不选。

11.单选题

Wecarriedout()checksonthevehiclesbeforetheyleavethedepot.

问题1选项

A.spot

B.pot

C.rain

D.coat

【答案】A

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项spot“地点,斑点,认出,弄脏”;B选项pot“壶,盆,罐”;C选项rain“雨,下雨,雨天,雨季”;D选项coat“外套,覆盖……的表面”。spotcheck意为抽查。其他关于spot的固定搭配还有onthespot“立刻,当场,在危险中,处于负责地位”;aspotof“少量的,一点儿”等,因此A选项正确。

12.单选题

Wemusttakepartinphysicallaborinorderto()ourselvesmorecloselywiththeworkingpeople.

问题1选项

A.combine

B.incorporate

C.involve

D.identify

【答案】D

【解析】identifyoneselfwith表示“与……密切联系”“到……中去”的意思;incorporatewith意为“与……合作(结合)”;combinewith意为“与……联合”;involveoneselfin意为“参与”“卷入”,不与with搭配。本句意为:我们必须参加体力劳动,目的是更好地与群众打成一片。“与……打成一片”还可以用integrateoneselfwith。

13.单选题

Japanesefirmshaveachievedthehighestlevelsofmanufacturingefficiencyintheworldautomobileindustry.SomeobserversofJapanhaveassumedthatJapanesefirmsusethesamemanufacturingequipmentsandtechniquesasUnitedStatesfirms,buthavebenefitedfromtheuniquecharacteristicsofJapaneseemployeesandtheJapaneseculture.However,ifthisweretrue,thenonewouldexpectJapaneseautoplantsintheUnitedStatestoperformnobetterthanfactoriesrunbyUnitedStatescompanies.Thisisnotthecase.Japanese-runautomobileplantslocatedintheUnitedStatesandstaffedbylocalworkershavedemonstratedhigherlevelsofproductivitywhencomparedwithfactoriesownedbyUnitedStatescompanies.

OtherobserverslinkhighJapaneseproductivitytohigherlevelsofcapitalinvestmentperworker.Butahistoricalperspectiveleadstoadifferentconclusion.WhenthetwotopJapaneseautomobilemakersmatchedandthendoubledUnitedStatesproductivitylevelsinthemid-sixties,capitalinvestmentperemployeewascomparabletothatofUnitedStatesfirms.Furthermore,bythelateseventies,theamountoffixedassetsrequiredtoproduceonevehiclewasroughlyequivalentinJapanandintheUnitedStates.SincecapitalinvestmentwasnothigherinJapan,ithadtobeotherfactorsthatledtohigherproductivity.

AmorefruitfulexplanationmayliewithJapaneseproductiontechniques.Japaneseautomobileproducersdidnotsimplyimplementconventionalprocessesmoreeffectively:theymadecriticalchangesinUnitedStatesprocedures.Forinstance,themass-productionphilosophyofUnitedStatesautomakersencouragedtheproductionofhugelotsofcarsinordertoutilizefullyexpensive,component-specificequipmentandtooccupyfullyworkerswhohavebeentrainedtoexecuteoneoperationefficiently.Japaneseautomakerschosetomakesmall-lotproductionfeasiblebyintroducingseveraldeparturesfromUnitedStatespractices,includingtheuseofflexibleequipmentthatcouldbealteredeasilytodoseveraldifferentproductiontasksandthetrainingofworkersinmultiplejobs.Automakerscouldscheduletheproductionofdifferentcomponentsormodelsonsinglemachines,therebyeliminatingtheneedtostorethebufferstocksofextracomponentsthatresultwhenspecializedequipmentandworkersarekeptconstantlyactive.

1.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto().

2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofJapaneseautomobileworkers?

3.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraph?

4.Whatistheproblemthatisassociatedwiththeproductionofhugelotsofcarsiswhichofthefollowing?

5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsissupportedbyinformationstatedinthepassage?

问题1选项

A.presentthemajorstepsofaprocess

B.clarifyanambiguity

C.chronicleadispute

D.correctmisconceptions

问题2选项

A.TheirproductivitylevelsdidnotequalthoseofUnitedStatesautomobileworkersuntilthelateseventies.

B.Theirhighefficiencylevelsareadirectresultofculturalinfluences.

C.Theyoperatecomponent-specificmachinery.

D.Theyaretrainedtodomorethanonejob.

问题3选项

A.Atopicalthemeispresentedfollowedbysupportingexamples.

B.Opposingviewsarepresented,classifiedandthenreconciled.

C.Afactisstated,andanexplanationisadvancedandthenrefuted.

D.Atheoryisproposed,consideredandthenamended.

问题4选项

A.Theneedtomanufactureflexiblemachineryandequipment

B.Theneedtostoreextracomponentsnotrequiredforimmediateuse

C.Theneedforexpensivetrainingprogramsforworkers,whichemphasizethedevelopmentoffacilityinseveralproductionjobs.

D.Theneedtoalterconventionalmass-productionprocesses

问题5选项

A.JapaneseandUnitedStatesautomakersdifferintheirapproachtoproductionprocesses.

B.Japaneseautomakershaveperfectedtheuseofsingle-functionequipment.

C.JapaneseautomakersinvestmorecapitalperemployeethandoUnitedStatesautomakers.

D.UnitedStates-ownedfactoriesabroadhavehigherproductionlevelsthandoJapaneseownedplantsintheUnitedStates.

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:B

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:主旨大意题。文章开头提出了话题:在世界汽车行业中日本公司的生产效率最高。第一段、第二段分别探讨了针对此话题的两种观点并一一驳斥。第三段再提出正确观点。因此,D项“更正错误的想法”比较能概括文章目的。

第2题:细节事实题。最后一段指出:Japaneseautomakerschosetomakesmall-lotproductionfeasiblebyintroducingseveraldeparturesfromUnitedStatespractices,includingtheuseofflexibleequipmentthatcouldbealteredeasilytodoseveraldifferentproductiontasksandthetrainingofworkersinmultiplejobs(日本汽车制造商选择通过引入几项与美国不同的做法,使小批量生产成为可能,包括使用灵活的设备,这些设备可以很容易地改变,以完成几项不同的生产任务,并培训从事多种工作的工人),因此,D项“他们(即日本汽车工人)被培训去做不止一项工作”正确。

第3题:判断推理题。第一段先陈述事实:日本企业在世界汽车企业生产效率中达到最高水平,随后针对这个事实进行解释,最后反驳:情况不是这样。因此,C项“陈述一个事实;接着进行解释,然后进行反驳”正确。

第4题:细节事实题。最后一段指出:therebyeliminatingtheneedtostorethebufferstocksofextracomponentsthatresultwhenspecializedequipmentandworkersarekeptconstantlyactive(从而消除了去储存额外部件缓冲库存的需要,而该需求产生于特定的设备和工人被保持不断工作时)。因此,B项“需要储存不被立刻需要的额外部件”正确。

第5题:细节事实题。最后一段指出:AmorefruitfulexplanationmayliewithJapaneseproductiontechniques.Japaneseautomobileproducersdidnotsimplyimplementconventionalprocessesmoreeffectively:theymadecriticalchangesinUnitedStatesprocedures(一个更有成效的解释可能在于日本人的生产技术。日本汽车生产商并没有简单地更有效地实施传统流程:他们在美国的做法上进行了重大的变革),由此可知A项“日本和美国汽车制造商在他们的生产流程上有差异”正确。

14.单选题

I’venotevenreadthefirstchapter____finishedthewholenovel.

问题1选项

A.ratherthan

B.muchmore

C.aswellas

D.muchless

【答案】D

【解析】【选项释义】

A.ratherthan而不是B.muchmore更加;多得多

C.aswellas也;和……一样D.muchless更不用说;不及

【答案】D

【考查点】词组辨析。

【解题思路】句意:我甚至还没读完第一章……看完整本小说。根据逻辑,小说第一章都没有看完,可推断更不用说看完整本小说了。因此选D。

【干扰项排除】A、B、C选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】我连第一章都没看完,更别说读完整部小说了。

15.翻译题

Transporthasalwaysshapedcities.InMedievaltimes,crossroadsgavebirthtothrivingmarkettowns.Venicewasbuiltuparounditscanals,IndustrialBritainsdevelopmentfollowedtherouteofrailwaysandwaterways.ManyNorthAmericancitieswerecreatedforthecar.Buthowarethecitiesoftodaybeingshapedbyaneedformoresustainabletransport?Citiesarenowhometooverhalfoftheglobalpopulation,andhavealargeroletoplayinreducingcarbonemissionsandimprovingairquality.Thiswillneednewtechnologiesandnewwaysoforganizingcities,alongsideefficiencygains.Manylocalgovernmentsareacceleratingchangethroughpolicyinitiativessuchasintegratedtransport,congestionchargesandlowemissionzones,sustainableprocurementandlifecyclecosting,andopeningdatauptocompaniesandacademics.Andthesecitylevelpoliciescanmovemarketsinmoresustainabledirections.Forexample,Londonisrequiringallnewlylicensedtaxistobezero-emissioncapablefrom2018.Thishasresultedinfivevehiclemanufacturerscommittingtomeetingthatdeadline,whichisbothintheirowncommercialinterestsandgoodfortheenvironment.

【答案】交通总是塑造着城市。在中世纪,十字路口孕育了繁荣的集镇。威尼斯建在运河周围,英国工业的发展沿着铁路和水路。许多北美城市都是为汽车而建的。但是,对可持续交通的需求是如何塑造今天的城市的呢?城市现在居住着全球一半以上的人口,在减少碳排放和改善空气质量方面发挥着重要作用。这将需要新技术和组织城市的新方法,以及效率的提高。许多地方政府正在通过诸如综合交通、拥堵费和低排放区、可持续采购和生命周期成本、以及向企业和学术界开放数据等政策举措加速变革。这些城市层面的政策可以推动市场向更可持续的方向发展。例如,伦敦要求所有新获得牌照的出租车从2018年起必须具备零排放能力。这导致五家汽车制造商承诺在最后期限前完成,这既符合它们自身的商业利益,也有利于环境。

16.单选题

Thedevelopmentofstaffcohesionandasenseofteameffortintheworkplacecanbeeffectively()bytheuseofhumor.

问题1选项

A.acquainted

B.installed

C.regulated

D.facilitated

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。acquaint“使熟悉”;install“安装”;regulate“调节”;facilitate“促进”。句意:幽默可以有效促进职场员工的凝聚力发展和团队合作意识。选项D符合题意。

17.单选题

Ina

fewdaysyou'llbe()byoneof

ourstaffandaskedtocompleteaquickquestionnaire.

问题1选项

A.touched

B.contacted

C.connected

D.associated

【答案】B

【解析】句意:几天内我们就会有员工联系你,让你做一份调查问卷。touch指触摸;contact指联系,接触;connect指相连;associate指使...关联。选项B正确。

18.单选题

Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute().

问题1选项

A.beingsettled

B.tobesettled

C.hadsettled

D.assettled

【答案】D

【解析】句意:经过几次谈话,双方都认为这个领土纷争已经解决了。

考查固定搭配。regardsth.asdone将某事看做已经完成了的事。因此选D项。

19.单选题

Square-jawed,withapastycomplexionandanathleticbutnotoverlybulked-upbuild,helookslikeamanmeanttohaveawhistlearoundhisneck.

问题1选项

A.sallow

B.vivid

C.pale

D.blushing

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项sallow“气色不好的;灰黄色的”;B选项vivid“生动的;鲜明的;鲜艳的”;C选项pale“苍白的;无力的;暗淡的”;D选项blushing“鲜红的;脸红的”。句意:他长着方下巴,脸色苍白,体格健壮但不太结实,看起来就像脖子上挂着个口哨的人。pasty“苍白的;面糊似的”,C选项与该词意思最相近,因此C选项正确。

20.单选题

Ifthiskindoffishbecomes(),futuregenerationsmaynevertasteitatall.

问题1选项

A.minimum

B.short

C.seldom

D.scarce

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项minimum“最小化(一般指数据之类的)”,B选项short“短的;短小的”,C选项seldom“很少;不常(一般指频率)”,D选项scarce“稀少的,稀缺的”;原句意思是说如果这种鱼变得稀缺……,其余选项代入均不符合题意,因此D选项符合题意。句意为:如果这种鱼变得稀缺,未来的几代人可能再也吃不到它了。

21.单选题

Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovementinthelatenineteenthcentury______theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical.

问题1选项

A.diffuses

B.undermines

C.supports

D.underscores

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项diffuse“扩散,传播”,B项undermine“逐渐削弱(信心、权威等),渐渐破坏”,C项support“支持,帮助,支撑”,D项underscore“强调,划线于……下”。根据句子可知,句子缺少一个谓语动词,由Theactivists’energeticworkintheserviceofbothwomansuffrageandthetemperancemovement(积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作)和theassertionthatthetwomovementswereinimical(这两个运动是敌对的断言)可判断,这两者的关系是“削弱”,B项符合。句意:19世纪晚期,积极分子为妇女选举权和禁酒运动所做的积极工作削弱了这两个运动是敌对的论断。因此,该题选择B项。

22.单选题

Thechoirslowlywalkedthroughthe(

)ofthechurchastheysang.

问题1选项

A.passage

B.lane

C.isle

D.aisle

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词辨析。passage意为“通道,走廊”;lane意为“(乡间)小路,小巷,胡同”;isle意为“岛,小岛”;aisle意为“(教堂、戏院、火车等座位间或超级市场货架间的)走道,过道”。由thechurch(教堂)可知选D。

句意:唱诗班在唱诗的时候慢慢地穿过教堂的过道。

23.单选题

Maryonce(

)withanothermusiciantocomposeapieceofpopmusic.

问题1选项

A.merged

B.collaborated

C.coincided

D.constituted

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词词义辨析。merge“混合”;collaborate“合作”;coincide“一致”;constitute“组成,构成”。句意:玛丽曾经与另外一位音乐家合作写了一首流行曲。选项B符合题意。

24.单选题

()beforewedepartthedayaftertomorrow,weshouldhaveawonderfuldinnerparty.

问题1选项

A.Hadtheyarrived

B.Weretheyarriving

C.Wouldtheyarrive

D.Weretheytoarrive

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。主句谓语是“should+动词原形”,表示与现在事实相反或与将来事实可能相反。从句部分是倒装结构,省略了if,由于句子中的时间状语是thedayaftertomorrow,所以从句动词应该用与将来事实可能相反的虚拟语气。应为should(wereto)+动词原形。句意:如果他们在我们后天出发之前到达的话,我们可以有一顿丰盛的晚宴。故D项正确。

25.单选题

They()sotiredifthey()forawholeday.

问题1选项

A.wouldn’tfeel,didn’twalk

B.wouldn'tfeel,weren’twalking.

C.wouldn'tbefeeling,weren’twalking

D.wouldn'tbefeeling,hadn’tbeenwalking

【答案】D

【解析】考查虚拟语气。结合选项与题干可知本题考查混合虚拟语气,if引导的条件句中表示的是与过去事实相反的情况,应该用had+过去分词,因此可以排除选项A、B、C,又因为主句部分表示的是现在事实相反的情况,所以需要用would+动原,由此可知,此题选项D为正确答案。句意:如果他们不是一整天都在走路,那么他们将不会感到如此疲惫。

26.单选题

Thefirstthingwedidwaslookforerrorsinourexperimentaldesignandforeveryconceivable(

)thatcouldhaveledusastray.

问题1选项

A.exposition

B.scenario

C.illustration

D.scheme

【答案】B

【解析】考察名词辨析。exposition博览会,展览会;scenario方案,可能的情景;illustration例证,图解;scheme计划。句意:我们首先要做的事就是查找实验设计中的错误和可能误导我们走人歧途的每一个能想到的可能情景。选项B符合句意。

27.单选题

SpreadacrosstheUnitedStatesareabout500,000doctors,cheekedbyjowl,inthebigcitiesandthinonthegroundinisolatedsmalltowns.InJune1986,thesecretaryofhealthandhumanservices,Dr.OtisBowen,passedonaviewofhisexperts:5%-15%ofAmerica’s500,000doctorsshouldbecandidatesfordisciplinaryaction,manyofthembecauseofdrugtakingoralcoholism.Othersgivetheirpatientspoorcarebecausetheyaresenile,incompetent,guiltyofmisconductoroutoftouchwithdevelopmentsinmedicine.

Thegranting,orwithdrawal,oflicensestopracticeisinthehandsofstatemedicalboards,buttheyareoverwhelmedwithcomplaintsandlackthemoneytohandleevenafractionofthem.Recently,however,thingshavebeenchanging.In1985,406doctorslosttheirlicenses(comparedwith255in1984),nearly500wereplacedonprobationandnearly1,000receivedreprimandsorhadtheirrighttopracticecurtailed.Thefederalinspectorgeneraldemanded,andwontherightforthestatesandthefederalgovernment,whichprovidehealthcarefortheelderlyandforthepoorundertheMedicareandMedicaidprogramme,torefusepaymenttothedoctorsconsideredunsatisfactory.

Yetputtingthesepowersintopracticeisprovingtobefarfromeasy.Ofthe35doctorssofardeniedreimbursementfromMedicare,almostallworkinlightlypopulatedruralareas.OnMarch27th,theirindignationandthatoftheirpatientswereasympathetichearingbytheSenateFinanceCommittee.Ruraldoctorsmaynotbeasuptodateasthoseinthebigtowns,buttheyareoftentheonlysourceofmedicalhelpformilesaroundandtheirpatientsareloyaltothem.Membersofthereviewboards,whicharepaidbythegovernment,insist,however,thatelderlyandpoorpeopleshouldnotbeforcedtoreceive(andthestatetopayfor)inferiorcare.

AninnovationisonthehorizoninTexas,themostunder-doctoredstateinthecountry(withonlyonedoctorforevery1,100residents).LubbockUniversityissettingupacomputernetworkthatwillenablecountrydoctorstoobtainmedicalexpertiseandaccesstomedicalrecordsinahurry.Theaimistoreducetheisolationofthecountrydoctorsandthus,inthelongrun,toattractmoreyoungdoctorstoruralareas.

1.Themaintopicofthepassageis(

).

2.Accordingtothetext,disciplinaryactionshouldbetakenagainstthosewhogivepatientspoorcarebecauseofthefollowingreasonsEXCEPT

).

3.Whichofthefollowingistrueabouttheunfitdoctors?

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthatinthenearfuture

).

5.Theparagraphfollowingthetextwouldprobablydiscuss(

).

问题1选项

A.thepresentsituationofAmericandoctors

B.thelegislationonruralmedicalservices

C.theproblemsofcountrydoctorsandpossiblesolutions

D.somefactorsofdisqualificationofcountrydoctors

问题2选项

A.takingdrugsanddrinkingalcoh

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