考研考博-英语-山西林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解2

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-山西林业职业技术学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

IsitsurprisingthatawaveofsadnesssweptovermeasIlookedforthelasttimeattheFlamingCliffs,gorgeousinthemorningsunshineofthatbrilliantAugustday?

问题1选项

A.splendid

B.risky

C.restless

D.gloomy

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.splendid壮丽的，雄伟的B.risky有危险（或风险）的

C.restless坐立不安的，不耐烦的D.gloomy黑暗的，阴暗的

【答案】A

【考查点】形容词辨析。

【解题思路】gorgeous的意思为“非常漂亮的，美丽动人的”，用来形容烈火危崖的美丽壮阔的景色，splendid与之词义相近，因此A选项正确。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项词义与之不符。

【句意】我最后一眼眺望烈火危崖，在八月灿烂的早晨阳光下，它美极了，这时一股悲伤席卷了我，这不是非常令人震惊吗？

2.单选题

GeorgeGallup,Jr.,themanwhomakesand（

）hisreputation（

）knowingwhatAmericansthink,hasbroughtallhispollingstrategiestogethertoidentifyandanalyzewhathecallsfutureforces.

问题1选项

A.challenges...on

B.stakes...on

C.hazards...to

D.bets...to

【答案】B

【解析】challenge…on在……方面挑战；stake…on把赌注押在……上面；hazard...to对……有危险；bet不与to搭配。句意：GeorgeGallup，Jr.这个把自己的名誉押在知晓美国人想法上的人，将所有的投票策略集中到一起，以确定和分析他所说的未来力量。选项B符合句意。

3.单选题

Althoughmostbirdshaveonlyanegligiblesenseofsmell,theyhave（）vision.

问题1选项

A.vigorous

B.exact

C.acute

D.vivid

【答案】C

【解析】句意:尽管大多数鸟几乎没什么嗅觉，但它们的视力却很敏锐。

考查形容词辨析。vigorous精力充沛的;exact准确的，精确的；acute严重的，敏锐的；vivid生动的，鲜明的。根据前半句句意“尽管大多数鸟几乎没什么嗅觉”可知这里在对比鸟的嗅觉跟视觉，故C项符合句意。

4.单选题

Bythetimethetourends,thefootballteam（）twentymatchesinfourcountries.

问题1选项

A.willplay

B.willbeplaying

C.willhaveplayed

D.willhavebeenplaying

【答案】C

【解析】考查语法时态。根据前一句Bythetimethetourends“到巡回赛结束时”，表示巡回赛还在进行，By接的是将来的时间，那么主句也需要用将来完成时。将来完成时的构成willhavedone。句意：到巡回赛结束时，足球队将在4个国家踢20次比赛。因此C选项符合题意。

5.单选题

TourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystemsliketheAlps,thewinterskiingplaygroundofEurope,andthetrekkingareasoftheHimalayas.Worldwide,itposesaseriousthreattocoastalhabitatslikedunes,mangroveforestsandcoralreefs.Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife,fromtortoiseshellandcoraltoivory.Its“consumers”inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.IntheHimalayas,showersfortrekkersoftenmeanfirewood,whichmeansdeforestation.InHawaiiandBarbados,itwasfoundthateachtouristusedbetweensixandtentimesasmuchwaterandelectricityasalocal.InGoa,villagersforcedtowalktowellsfortheirwaterhadtowatchasapipelinetoanewluxuryhotelwasbuiltthroughtheirland.Overthepastdecade,golf,becauseofitsappetiteforland,waterandherbicides,hasemergedasoneofthebiggestculprits,somuchsothat“golfwars”havebrokenoutinpartsofSoutheastAsia:campaignersinJapan,oneofthechiefexponentsofgolftourism,havelaunchedanannualWorldNoGolfDay.

Someobserversnowarguethattourismcanstrengthenlocalculturesbyencouraginganawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.Butwhat’sthevalueoftraditionifit’skeptaliveself-consciously,forprofit,andbearslittlerelationtoreallife—which,today,acrosstheworld,growsevermoreuniform?Hencethedismissivereferencesto“humanzoos,”“airportart”andthetrinketizationofcultures.ThesearequestionsthatapplyasmuchtofoxhuntinginBritainandCarnivalinRiodeJaneiroastoso-calledcannibaltoursinThailand.What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.

Partoftheproblemisthattourismiscolonialisminanotherguise—economicratherthanpolitical.Henceitrubshardagainstthegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.Buttherearealsosomeprofoundandoftenirreconcilabledifferencesinperception.

Whatmakespeoplewanttotravel?Theshortanswercentersontheconceptofescape.AccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause“theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive.Theyfeelthemonotonyofthedailyroutine,thecoldrationalityoffactories,offices,apartmentblocksandtransport,shrinkinghumancontact...thelossofnatureandnaturalness.”MacCannellarguesthatmasstourismisaproductofthe“mostdepersonalized”epochinhistory.Well,maybe.It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.It’sprobablyalsotruethatwhatwecasuallyrefertoasthe“pressuresofdailylife”―work,family,commuting—aremoreintense,insomerespects,thaneverbefore.Yetpeoplehavealwaysfeltadesireforsomethingmorethantheirliferoutinelyofferthem—something,well,different.It’spartlybecausehumansarenaturallyinquisitiveandexploratorybutalso,andmoresignificant,becauseweneedtheunknown,whathistoriansofreligioncall“otherness,”tolendourlivessignificance.Soweconceiveofidealworlds—Paradise,theGoldenAge,Heaven,Atlantis,andShangri-La—anddream,sometimes,ofattainingthem.

1.Accordingtothepassage,（）.

2.Accordingtothewriter,（）

3.Peopletravelbecause（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

问题1选项

A.tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems

B.tourismposesaseriousthreattopeople’smentalsystem

C.tourismblocksaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife

D.tourisminevitablybringsitshabitsandexpectationstoits“consumers”

问题2选项

A.tourismcanstrengthenlocalcultures.

B.tourismcanencourageanawarenessoftraditionandtheceremoniesandfestivalsthatgowithit.

C.tourisminonewayoranother,changestradition,particularlyintheThirdWorld.

D.tourismcanpromotethegrowingworldwidemovementforlocalornationalself-determination.

问题3选项

A.theyfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

B.theydonotfeelhappyforwhattheyalreadyhave

C.theyfeelsickofthepeopleinthecommunity

D.theywanttoescapefromtheplacewheretheyliveandworkduetounhappiness

问题4选项

A.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

B.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavefewerholidaysthanthosewholiveinbigcities.

C.Peoplelivinginbigcitieshavemuchmorepressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinsmalltowns.

D.Peoplelivinginsmalltownshavelesspressureofdailylifethanthosewholiveinbigcities.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:C

第3题:D

第4题:B

【解析】1.【试题解析】细节事实题。由A选项可以定位到文章中“Tourismhasseriouslydamagedfragileecosystems...”，中文翻译为：旅游业已经严重损害了脆弱的生态系统。可知A选项正确；文章中没有涉及B选项；由C选项“旅游业阻碍了濒危野生动物产品的繁荣和非法贸易”可以定位到文章中“Itfuelsaboomingandusuallyillegaltradeintheproductsofthreatenedwildlife...”，中文翻译为旅游业助长了贸易蓬勃发展，而通常是非法的贸易，可知C选项错误，与文章意思相反；根据原文“Its‘consumers’inevitablybringtheirhabitsandexpectationswiththem—whetherit’shotshowersandflushtoiletsorwell-wateredgreensforgolfers.”，中文翻译为：“消费者”不可避免地带来他们的习惯和期望——无论是热水淋浴和冲洗厕所或为高尔夫球手提供浇灌的绿地。可以得知D选项“旅游不可避免地给消费者带来其习惯和期望”是错误的。因此答案为A。

2.【试题解析】细节事实题。由C选项可以定位到文章“What’sundeniableisthattourism,inonewayoranother,changestradition,andformanypeople,particularlyintheThirdWorld,thatchangelooksandfeelslikedegradation.”，中文翻译为：不可否认的是，旅游业以这样或那样的方式改变传统，而且对许多人来说，尤其是在第三世界，这种改变看起来、感觉是退化。因此C选项“旅游业以这样或那样的方式改变传统，尤其是在第三世界”符合题意。

3.【试题解析】细节事实题。可以定位到文章第四段中“AccordingtoJostKrippendorf,theSwissacademicwhoisoneoftheleadingauthoritiesonmoderntourism,peopletravelbecause‘theynolongerfeelhappywheretheyare—wheretheywork,wheretheylive…’”，中文翻译为：现代旅游的主要权威者之一的瑞士学者JostKrippendorf称，人们旅行，因为“他们不再感到高兴——他们工作的地方，他们住的地方……”。可知D选项“由于不满，他们想逃离他们的生活和工作的地方”是正确的。

4.【试题解析】推理判断题。由题干可以定位到文章第四段中“It’struethatpeoplewithgardens,orthosewholiveinsmalltowns,takefewerholidaysthanapartment-blockresidentsorcitydwellers.”，中文翻译为：的确，住在带花园的地方或那些生活在小城镇的人们，比公寓的居民和城市居民更少去度假。可以推测出B选项“生活在小城镇的人比那些生活在大城市的人有更少的假期”正确。

6.单选题

Onlineservicesthatprovide（）loverssawariseinpopularitybeforetheValentine’sDay,whichiscelebratedeveryyearonFeb14.

问题1选项

A.humble

B.noble

C.radical

D.virtual

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A选项humble表示“谦逊的，简陋的”，B选项noble表示“高贵的，宏伟的”，C选项radical表示“激进的，根本的，彻底的”，D选项virtual表示“事实上的，（计算机仿真）虚拟的”。由句意可知，情人节前，网上提供（）情侣的服务日渐增多。由此可知，只有D选项最符合原文句意，virtuallover表示“虚拟情侣”。故本题正确答案为D选项。

7.单选题

Mr.Greenhasrecentlybeen（

）ofthecompany.

问题1选项

A.appointedtopresident.

B.appointedpresident

C.appointedapresident

D.appointedthepresident

【答案】B

【解析】句意:格林先生最近升任公司董事长了。

语法题。考查冠词。根据冠词的语法规则,职位前不加冠词。而且appoint是及物动词,后面直接接宾语president。故选B.

8.单选题

Thisnewroundoflayoffoccurringinmajorindustrialcitieswillonlyreduceprofitsand（

）aneconomiccrisis.

问题1选项

A.rectify

B.precipitate

C.offend

D.alternate

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项rectify“改正，校正”；B选项precipitate“使……突然降临；加速（坏事的发生），使突然陷入（某种状态）”；C选项offend“得罪，冒犯，犯罪”；D选项alternate“交替，轮流”。由reduceprofitsand_____aneconomiccrisis（减少利润和_____经济危机）可知B选项符合语境。句意：主要工业城市新一轮的停产只会降低利润并陷入经济危机。

9.单选题

Thegloveswerereallytoosmall,anditwasonlyby（）themthatImanagedtogetthemon.

问题1选项

A.spreading

B.squeezing

C.extending

D.stretching

【答案】D

【解析】动词词义辨析。spread“传播，散步”；squeeze“压榨，榨取”;extend“延长，扩展”；stretch“伸展，拉伸”。句意：这副手套太小了，只有不停地拉伸它才能将它戴上。选项D符合题意。

10.单选题

Herpanicwastransient,andceasedwhenshebegantospeak.

问题1选项

A.beyonddescription

B.unnoticed

C.passingquickly

D.vague

【答案】C

【解析】考查形容词和词组辨析。transient“短暂的；路过的”；A选项beyonddescription“无法形容，难以形容”；B选项unnoticed“被忽视的；不引人注意的；未被注意的”；C选项passingquickly“飞逝的”；D选项vague“模糊的；含糊的”。句意：她的惊慌是暂时的，一开口就停止了。由题干中的“ceasedwhenshebegantospeak一开口就停止了”可推知transient在这里有“短暂的”的意思，因此C选项正确。

11.单选题

Theplanet’swildcreaturesfaceanewthreat—fromyuppies(雅皮士),emptynestersandoneparentfamilies.

Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.

EvenwherepopulationshaveactuallydwindledinsomeregionsofNewZealand,forinstance—thenumbersofindividualhouseholdshasincreased,becauseofdivorce,careerchoice,smallerfamiliesandlongerlifespan.

JianguoLiuofMichiganStateUniversityandcolleaguesfromStanfordUniversityinCaliforniareportinNature,inapaperpublishedonlineinadvance,thatagreaternumberofindividualhouseholds,eachcontainingonaveragefewerpeople,meantmorepressureonnaturalresources.

Townsandcitiesbegantosprawl(蔓延)asnewhomeswerebuilt.Eachhouseholdneededfueltoheatandlightit;eachhouseholdrequireditsownplumbing,cookingandrefrigeration.

“Inlargerhouseholds,theefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigher,becausemorepeoplesharethings.”DrLiusaid.Heandhiscolleagueslookedatthepopulationpatternsoflifein141countries,including76“hotspot”regionsunusuallyrichinavarietyoflocalwildlife.ThesehotspotsincludedAustralia,NewZealand,theUS,Brazil,China,India,Kenya,andItaly.Theyfoundthatbetween1985and2000inthe“hotspot”partsoftheglobe,theannual3.1%growthrateinthenumberofhouseholdswasfarhigherthanthepopulationgrowthrateof1.8%.

“Hadtheaveragehouseholdsizeremainedatthe1985level,”thescientistsreport,“therewouldhavebeen155millionfewerhouseholdsinhotspotcountriesin2000”.

DrLiu’sworkgrewfromthealarmingdiscoverythatthegiantpandaslivinginChina’sWolongreservearemoreatrisknowthantheywerewhenthereservewasfirstestablished.Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.

Onlyaround1.75millionspeciesontheplanethavebeennamedanddescribed.Biologistsestimatethattherecouldbe7million,oreven17million,asyettobeidentified.Buthumannumbershavegrownmorethansix-foldinthepast200years,andhumansandtheirlivestockarenowthegreatestsingleconsumergroupontheplanet.Theworldpopulationwillcontinuetosoar,perhapslevelingoffaround9billioninthenextcentury.Environmentalcampaignershaveclaimedthatbetweenaquarterandahalfofallthespeciesonearthcouldbecomeextinctinthenextcentury.

56.Biologistsreportthatthebiodiversityisdecreasingbecause（）.

57.Researchersstatethat（）.

58.Theexampleinparagraph8indicatedthat（）.

59.Someenvironmentalistswarnthatthesoaringpopulationwillcause（）.

60.Thepassagemainlytellsusthat（）.

问题1选项

A.moreindividualhouseholdsareincreasinggreatly

B.humanbeingsarethreateningmanywildcreatures

C.humanpopulationshavebeendecreasinginrecentyears

D.wildcreaturesdependonmoreindividualhouseholds

问题2选项

A.largerfamiliesaremoreefficientinconsumingnaturalresourcesthansmallerfamilies

B.bothlargerandsmallerfamiliesneedthesameamountsofnaturalresources

C.smallerfamiliesaremoreextravagantinliving

D.largerfamiliesaremorefrugalinliving

问题3选项

A.thelocalpeopledonotmindconservingthenaturalenvironment

B.thelocalpeopleshouldfurthercontroltheriseofpopulation

C.theincreaseoflocalpopulationledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

D.theincreaseofindividualhouseholdsledtothedecreaseofbiodiversity

问题4选项

A.thedegradationofpeople’slivingstandardinthenextcentury

B.thedeteriorationoflivingenvironmentinthenextcentury

C.thereproductionofmorewildspeciesinthenextcentury

D.theextinctionofmorewildspeciesinthenextcentury

问题5选项

A.theincreaseofhumanpopulationleadstomoredestructionofthenaturalworld

B.thedecreaseofanimalnopopulationresultsfromthedwindlingbiodiversityinthenaturalworld

C.theplanet’sbiodiversityisalsorelatedtothenumberofhouseholds

D.theplanet’sbiodiversityreliesonthebalancedincreaseoflargerandsmallerhouseholds

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:D

第5题:D

【解析】56.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第二段Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.（生物学家研究地球上日益减少的生物多样性所带来的压力，今天报告了一个新的警报理由。尽管人口的增长率在下降，但个体家庭的数量却在激增。）也就是说生物多样性的减少是由于个体家庭数量的激增，因此A选项符合题意。B选项“人类正在威胁许多野生动物”；文章没有提到；C选项“近年来人口一直在减少”，不是原因；D选项“野生动物依赖更多的个体家庭”，无关项。

57.事实细节题。根据题干信息定位到第六段的第一句话Inlargerhouseholds,theefficiencyofresourceconsumptionwillbealothigher,becausemorepeoplesharethings.（在规模更大的家庭中，资源消耗的效率会高得多，因为更多的人分享东西。）因此A选项“大家庭在消耗自然资源方面比小家庭更有效率”正确。B选项“无论是大家庭还是小家庭都需要相同数量的自然资源”；C选项“小家庭生活更奢侈”以及D选项“大家庭生活更节俭”都是原文没有提到的。

58.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第八段的最后一句Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.（当地人口增长了，但房屋的总数增长得更快，从而对竹林产生了更大的影响。）可知，小规模家庭的增多，意味着对自然生态的破坏就越多，生物的多样性就会减少，因此D选项“个体家庭的增加导致了生物多样性的减少”正确。A选项“当地人不介意保护自然环境”，并没有体现；B选项“当地人应该进一步控制人口的增长”，过度推断；C选项“当地人口的增加导致了生物多样性的减少”，并不是人口的增多，而是小规模家庭的增多，错误。

59.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到最后一段最后一句话Environmentalcampaignershaveclaimedthatbetweenaquarterandahalfofallthespeciesonearthcouldbecomeextinctinthenextcentury.（环保人士声称，地球上四分之一到一半的物种可能在下个世纪灭绝。）通过这句话可知，人口的增多，将导致更多的生物物种在下个世纪灭绝。因此D选项“下个世纪将有更多的野生物种灭绝”正确。A选项“下个世纪人们生活水平的下降”；B选项“下个世纪生活环境的恶化”以及C选项“下个世纪更多野生物种的繁殖”都不符合原文。

60.主旨大意题。在第二段中Biologistsstudyingthepressureontheplanet’sdwindlingbiodiversitytodayreportonanewreasonforalarm.Althoughtherateofgrowthinthehumanpopulationisdecreasing,thenumberofindividualhouseholdsisexploding.（生物学家研究地球上日益减少的生物多样性所带来的压力，今天报告了一个新的警报理由。尽管人口的增长率在下降，但个体家庭的数量却在激增。）以及最后一段中Thelocalpopulationhadgrown,butthetotalnumberofhomeshadincreasedmoreswiftly,tomakegreaterinroadsintothebambooforests.（当地人口增长了，但房屋的总数增长得更快，从而对竹林产生了更大的影响。）都可以得知研究人员发现小规模家庭的增多，势必会消耗更多的能源，破坏更多的生态平衡，也就导致了生物多样性的减少，因此C选项“地球的生物多样性也与家庭的数量有关”正确。A选项“人口的增长导致了对自然世界更多的破坏”；B选项“动物数量的减少是由于自然界生物多样性的减少”以及“地球的生物多样性依赖于大大小小的家庭的平衡增长”，都不能阐释文章的主题。

12.单选题

MissRobintriedto（

）allerrorsfromthetypescriptbygoingthroughitverycarefully.

问题1选项

A.object

B.duplicate

C.approve

D.eliminate

【答案】D

【解析】动词辨析。A选项“反对，抗议”；B选项“复制，重复”；C选项“同意，赞成”；D选项“消除，清除，淘汰”；依据句意‘罗宾小姐仔细检查打字稿，力求消除所有的错误’确定D选项正确。

13.单选题

Undertheterm“services”（）togethermiscellaneousactivitieswithlittleincommonexceptotherthanagriculture,extractiveindustries,utilitiesandmanufacturing.

问题1选项

A.lump

B.tolump

C.islumped

D.arelumped

【答案】D

【解析】语法题。介词短语位于句首，句子用部分倒装，所以选项A和B可排除。根据句子的主语“miscellaneousactivities”为复数，所以为了保持主谓一致，be动词选用复数形式are，选项D符合题意。

14.单选题

Thecompanyisonthevergeofbankruptcy,andthousandsofjobsareat（）.

问题1选项

A.danger

B.loss

C.threat

D.stake

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配。atloss困惑不解；atstake凶吉难卜；选项A和C通常不和at搭配。句意：这家公司濒临破产，成千上万的工作岗位岌岌可危。选项D符合句意。

15.单选题

Thestudentsaidtherewereafewpointsintheessayhe（

）impossibletocomprehend.

问题1选项

A.hadfound

B.finds

C.hasfound

D.wouldfind

【答案】A

【解析】句意:这位学生称自己觉得这篇文章中有几点难以理解。

语法题。考查过去完成吋态。句中“said”表示一般过去时,句中后面的动作发生在过去的过去，故使用过去完成时态的A项“hadfound”正确。

16.单选题

Scholarsandstudentshavealwaysbeengreattravelers.Theofficialcasefor“academicmobility”isnowoftenstatedinimpressivetermsasafundamentalnecessityforeconomicandsocialprogressintheworld,anddebatedinthecorridorsofEurope,butitiscertainlynothingnew.Seriousstudentswerealwaysreadytogoabroadinsearchofthemoststimulatingteachersandthemostfamousacademies;insearchofthepurestphilosophy,themosteffectivemedicine,thelikeliestroadtogold.

Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,andtheirsimultaneousimpactuponmanygroupsofpeople.Thepointoflearningistoshareit,whethereitherwithstudentsorwithcolleagues;onepresumesthatonlyeccentricshavenointerestinbeingcreditedwithastartlingdiscovery,oranewtechnique.Itmustalsohavebeenreassuringtoknowthatotherpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldwereabouttomakethesamediscoveryorwerethinkingalongthesamelines,andthatonewasnotquitealone,confrontedbyinquisition,ridiculeorneglect.

Inthe20thcentury,andparticularlyinthelast20years,theoldfootpathsofthewanderingscholarshavebecomevasthighways.Thevehiclewhichhasmadethispossiblehasofcoursebeentheairplane,makingcontactbetweenschoolseveninthemostdistantplacesimmediatelyfeasible,andprovidingfortheveryrapidtransmissionofknowledge.

Apartfromthevehicleitself,itisfairlyeasytoidentifythemainfactorswhichhavebroughtabouttherecentexplosioninacademicmovement.Someofthesearepurelyquantitativeandrequirenofurthermention:therearefarmorecentersoflearningandafargreaternumberofscholarsandstudents.Inadditiononemustrecognizetheveryconsiderablemultiplicationofdisciplines,particularlyinthesciences,whichbywideningthetotalareaofadvancedstudieshasproducedanenormousnumberofspecialistswhoseparticularinterestsarepreciselydefined.Thesepeoplewouldworkmsomeisolationiftheywerenotabletokeepintouchwithsimilarisolatedgroupsinothercountries.

1.Accordingtothepassage,scholarsandstudentsaregreattravelersbecause（）.

2.Thewritersaysthattravelwasimportantinthepastbecauseit（）.

3.What,inthewriter’sopinion,happenstoascholarwhoshareshisideaswithhiscolleagues?

4.Accordingtothepassage,therecentgrowthinairtravelhasmeantthat（）.

5.Thewriterthinksthatacademicworkhasrecentlybecomemorespecializedbecause（）.

问题1选项

A.Salariesandconditionsarebetterabroad

B.standardsarehigheratforeignuniversities

C.theyareeagerfornewknowledge

D.theirgovernmentencouragethemtotravel

问题2选项

A.ledtoeconomicprogress

B.wasawayofspreadingideas

C.madenewideaslessshocking

D.brokedownpoliticalbarriers

问题3选项

A.Hegainsrecognitionforhisachievements

B.Heattractslargenumbersofstudents

C.Heriskshisideasbeingstolen

D.Heisconsideredslightlymad

问题4选项

A.morestudentsfromremoteareascanattenduniversity

B.universitiescanbebuiltinremoterplaces】

C.scholarscanmeeteachothermoreeasily

D.textbookshavewidecirculation

问题5选项

A.morepeoplearestudyingsciences

B.agreatervarietyofsubjectsisstudied

C.morestudentsaredoingpostgraduatework

D.thenumberofuniversitieshasincreased

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:B

第3题:A

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.根据第一段最后一句,认真的学生总是准备出国寻找最具启发性的老师和最著名的学院;寻找最纯粹的哲学,最有效的医学,最有可能的黄金之路。总而言之,他们渴望新知识,所以选项C正确。

2.根据第二段的第一句“Mobilityofthiskindmeantalsomobilityofideas,theirtransferenceacrossfrontiers,...”这种流动也意味着思想的流动...由此可知作者认为过去的游学很重要的原因是：游学是传播思想的一种方式。选项B符合原文。

3.根据第二段第二句,学习的目的是与学生或同事分享;有人认为,只有怪人才对一项惊人的发现或一项新技术的功劳不感兴趣。也就是说,通过分享,分享者的成就获得了人们的认可。选项A符合原文。

4.根据第三段最后一句可知,交通工具的发展使得学者之间联系更为方便,所以选项C符合原文。

5.根据最后一段倒数第二句,人们必须认识到学科的大量增加,特别是在科学领域,由于扩大了高级研究的总领域,产生了大量的专家,他们的特殊兴趣得到了精确的界定。由此可知,学术研究越来越专业是由于学科的大量增加,选项B符合原文。

17.翻译题

诚然，揭发一个不道德行为问题，大都不是一件容易的事。有时候，匿名是可能的，但并不总是这样。过去，曾发生被控告者或被怀疑的同事进行报复的事并产生了严重后果。关于不轨行为的任何举报，都是一个需要认真对待的重要指控。如果处理不当，一个举报能严重伤害被控告者、指控者、有关单位，乃至整个科学。

【答案】Admittedly,itisnotalwayseasytoexposeanunethicalbehavior.Itispossibletobeanonymoussometimes,butnotalways.Inthepast,therewerecasesofretaliationbyaccusedorsuspectedcolleagueswithseriousconsequences.Anyallegationofmisconductisimportantandshouldbetakenseriously.Ifnothandledproperly,asingleonecanseriouslyharmtheaccused,theaccuser,theinstitutionconcerned,andscienceasawhole.

18.填空题

Animalbehaviorwasstudiedasadisciplineonitsown,andhumanbehaviorwasstudiedsimilarlyin

relativelyisolation.However,behavioraltraitsinanimalsandinhumansmayundercertain

circumstanceshaveprofoundeffectson

A

B

C

breedingpatternsandmateselection.

D

【答案】Brelatively改为relative

【解析】【考查点】定语。

【解题思路】在B部分中，isolation“孤立状态”是名词，应该用形容词作为定语修饰名词，所以此处应为relative“相比较而言的”。

【句意】动物行为是作为一门独立的学科来研究的，人类行为也是在相对孤立的环境中研究的。然而，在某些情况下，动物和人类的行为特征可能会对繁殖模式和配偶选择产生深远的影响。

19.翻译题

当前我国经济发展的势头良好，经济增长基本做到了速度、质量和效益的平衡。但是，我们应该淸醒地看到，世界上没有一个国家的经济发展会长盛不衰，会永远保持高速度，中国也不例外。改革开放取得的成就是有目共睹的，但是，随着经济形势的变化，又出现了一些新的矛盾和问题，比如，国企改革问题、失业率高问题、金融风险问题以及生态环境破坏问题等。这些问题都需要我们高度重视，尽快找到有效的解决办法。

【答案】Oureconomyisdoingreallywell;wehavebasicallystruckabalancebetweenspeed,qualityandeconomicbenefitintermsofeconomicgrowth.Butweshouldbesoberlyawarethatthereisnocountryintheworldthatcanperpetuateaneconomicboomandhigh-speedgrowth,soChinawillnotbeanexception.TheachievementsofChina’sreformandopening-uphavebeenthereforalltosee,butastheeconomicclimatechanges,somenewcontradictionsandproblemsemergesagain,suchasthereformofthestate-ownedenterprises,highunemploymentrate,financialrisk,ecologicalandenvironmentaldamage,etc.Alloftheseproblemsrequireustopayhighattentiontoandfindeffectivesolutionsassoonaspossible.

20.单选题

Thenormalhumandailycycleofactivityisofsome7-8hours’sleepalternatingwithsome16-17hours’wakefulness.Broadlyspeaking,thesleephoursnormally（）withthehoursofdarkness.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.coincide

C.collide

D.comply

【答案】B

【解析】动词词组辨析。conformwith符合，与...一致；coincidewith符合，与...一致（强调时间上的一致性）；collidewith冲突；complywith遵守。句意：人类正常的日常活动周期是7-8小时的睡眠和16-17小时的清醒交替进行。广义上说，睡眠时间通常与黑暗的时间相一致。选项B正确。

21.单选题

Despitethesuspect’s（）tobeinnocent,thereiscompellingevidencethathewasinvolved.

问题1选项

A.assertion

B.conviction

C.speculation

D.accusation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项assertion“断言；主张；认定”；B选项conviction“定罪；确信；坚定的信仰”；C选项speculation“投机；推测；思索”；D选项accusation“控告；谴责”。句意：尽管嫌疑犯（）自己无辜，但他参与了此事证据确凿。根据语境，嫌疑犯assertion“断言；主张；认定”自己无辜比较合理。因此A选项正确。

22.单选题

Loveandfriendshiphavemuch（1）.Iftwopersonsaretobe（2）,theymustfindcontentmentineachother's（3）,sufferpainineachother'sfailure,and（4）pleasureineachother'ssuccess.Eachmustfind（5）themoodandtemperamentoftheothersomething（6）andcongenial.Butanydeepandpermanentfriendshipalargercommonareathanromanticlove.Notoriously,theprincemayfallinlovewiththechorusgirlwhenthetwohavealmost（8）incommon.Butfriendshipsarebased（9）,oncommoninterestsinaproject,anart,oracause;onethinksofMarksandEngels,CobdenandBright,GilbertandSullivan,theMayobrothers,WeberandFields.

Still,commoninterestsbythemselveswillnot（10）friendshipandmanyco-workershavebeen（11）andenemies.

（12）

aboutvalues,aboutthings,admiredandlikedand（14）.Itisnot（15）if,wheneverwegrowenthusiasticaboutdancingormusicorflyingorscience,ourcompanioncanonlysay,“Sorry,butI（16）allthatdetestable.”

（17）oftheblessingsoffriendshipisthatitsuppliesasounding-boardwhich,

（18）ourowndelights,makesthemgreater.Andbyahappycorrelativelaw,sorrowswhensharedgrowless.Friends（19）eachotherlikethesidesofanarch;theygain（20）,security,reassuranceinfailure,addedhappinessinsuccess,andalargeincrementofcouragemerelyfromfacingthingssidebyside.

问题1选项

A.incommon

B.differences

C.differentiations

D.tolearn

问题2选项

A.professors

B.friends

C.students

D.competitors

问题3选项

A.attitude

B.personality

C.company

D.emergency

问题4选项

A.make

B.rake

C.fake

D.take

问题5选项

A.for

B.in

C.at

D.on

问题6选项

A.strange

B.exclusive

C.destructive

D.attractive

问题7选项

A.callsfor

B.callson

C.callsoff

D.callsdown

问题8选项

A.nothing

B.something

C.anything

D.everything

问题9选项

A.asarule

B.byrule

C.toarule

D.witharule

问题10选项

A.guard

B.guarantee

C.grow

D.grease

问题11选项

A.rivals

B.collaborators

C.dedicators

D.keepers

问题12选项

A.A

B.No

C.Full

D.Few

问题13选项

A.facetoface

B.frommouthtomouth

C.eyetoeye

D.nosetonose

问题14选项

A.disliking

B.disliked

C.todislike

D.dislike

问题15选项

A.featured

B.feathered

C.furthered

D.fettered

问题16选项

A.locate

B.provide

C.find

D.sustain

问题17选项

A.Any

B.Some

C.None

D.One

问题18选项

A.inechoing

B.inwriting

C.indrawing

D.inmaking

问题19选项

A.produce

B.fortify

C.yield

D.abuse

问题20选项

A.irritation

B.silence

C.suspicion

D.contentment

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:B

第4题:D

第5题:B

第6题:D

第7题:A

第8题:A

第9题:A

第10题:B

第11题:A

第12题:C

第1