考研考博-英语-天津城建大学考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-天津城建大学考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

______hispioneeringworkinthelate1930’s,EarlHineshasbeencalledthefatherofmodernjazzpiano.

问题1选项

A.Asaresultof

B.Insupportof

C.Intheinterestof

D.Forthesakeof

【答案】A

【解析】考查短语辨析。A选项asaresultof“因此，由于；作为……的结果”；B选项insupportof“支持；以便支持；为了支持；拥护”；C选项intheinterestof“为了……的利益；符合……的利益；为了……的好处”；D选项forthesakeof“出于对……的缘故/为了……起见”。句意：由于他在20世纪30年代后期的开创性工作，厄尔•海恩斯被称为现代爵士钢琴之父。因此A选项正确。

2.单选题

问题1选项

A.WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.

B.WithDr.Smithat10onTuesday

C.WithDr.Jonesat10onWednesday.

D.WithDr.Jonesat10onTuesday.

【答案】A

【解析】14.M:Ineedtocomeinandseethedoctor.IhavereallyitchyskinandthinkImayhavetohaveitlookedat.

W:IhopetimesavailableforTuesdayorWednesday,whichonewouldworkbestforyou?

M:IwanttocomeinonWednesday.

W:Icanfityouinonthatdayatten,doctorSmithorDoctorJonesisavailable.

M:IwouldpreferDoctorSmith.

Q:Whatistheman’sappointment?

【试题答案】A

【试题解析】事实细节题。题干为：男士预约了什么？由文中“IwanttocomeinonWednesday.（我想星期三来。）”和“Icanfityouinonthatdayatten（我可以帮你预约那天上午10点。）”以及“IwouldpreferdoctorSmith.（我想约史密斯医生。）”，可知A选项“WithDr.Smithat10onWednesday.（周三上午10点史密斯医生。）”符合原文。

3.单选题

Atsometimeinyourlife,youmayhaveastrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible.However,chancesarethatyoudon'tactonyourimpulse,butletitpassinstead.Youknowthattocommittheactioniswronginsomewayandthatotherpeoplewillnotacceptyourbehavior.

Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime.Topicssuchasdeath,forexample,wereonceconsideredsoupsettingandunpleasantthatitwasatabootoeventalkaboutthem.NowwiththepublicationofimportantbookssuchasOnDeathandDyingandLearningtoSayGoodbye,peoplehavebecomemoreawareoftheimportanceofexpressingfeelingsaboutdeathand,asaresult,aremorewillingtotalkaboutthistaboosubject.

OneofthenewesttaboosinAmericansocietyisthetopicoffat.Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly.It'snottaboototalkaboutfat;it'stabootobefat.The"in"lookisthin,notfat.Intheworkworld,mostcompaniespreferyouthful-looking,trimexecutivestoselltheirimagesaswellastheirproductstothepublic.Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis"in",fatis"out".

It'snotsurprising,then,thatmillionsofAmericanshavebeenobsessedwithstayingslimand"inshape".Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise.Recentresearchhasshownthecriticalimportanceofdietandexerciseforpersonalhealth.Asinmosttechnologicallydevelopednations,thelifestyleofNorthAmericanshaschangeddramaticallyduringthecourseofthelastcentury.Modernmachinesdoallthephysicallaborthatpeoplewereonceforcedtodobyhand.Carsandbusestransportusquicklyfrompointtopoint.Asaresultofinactivityanddisuse,people’sboodlescaneasilybecomeweakandvulnerabletodisease.Inanefforttoavoidsuchafate,millionsofAmericansarespendingmoreoftheirtimeexercising.

1.Fromthepassagewecaninfertaboois（

）.

2.Basedontheideasinthepassagewecanconclude"beingfat"inAmericansociety

（

）.

3.Thetopicoffatismanyothertaboosubjects

（

）.

4.Whatdoes"thinis'in',andfatis'out"mean?

5.Apartfromthisnewunderstandingofthecorrelationbetweenhealthandexercise:themainreasonthepassagegivesforwhysomanyAmericansareexercisingregularlyis（

）.

问题1选项

A.astrongdesiretodosomethingstrangeorterrible

B.acrimecommittedonimpulse

C.behaviorconsideredunacceptableinsociety’seyes

D.anunfavorableimpressionleftonotherpeople

问题2选项

A.willalwaysremainataboo

B.isnotconsideredasataboobymostpeople

C.haslongbeenataboo

D.maynolongerbeataboosomeday

问题3选项

A.thesameas

B.differentfrom

C.morepopularthan

D.lessoftentalkedabout

问题4选项

A.Thinis"inside",andfatis"outside".

B.Thinis"diligent",andfatis"lazy".

C.Thinis"youthful",andfatis"spiritless".

D.Thinis"fashionable",andfatis"unfashionable".

问题5选项

A.theirchangedlifestyle

B.theireagernesstostaythinandyouthful

C.theirappreciationoftheimportanceofexercise

D.theencouragementtheyhavereceivedfromtheircompanies

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:B

【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干关键词taboo定位至第二段:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外—个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此可知C项“不被公众接受的行为”正确。

2.判断推理题。第二段指出:Perhapsthemostinterestingthingaboutthephenomenonoftaboobehaviorishowitcanchangeovertheyearswithinthesamesociety,howcertainbehaviorandattitudeonceconsideredtaboocanbecomeperfectlyacceptableandnaturalatanotherpointintime(或许，关于禁忌行为现象最有趣的一个事情是，它多年来如何能在同样的社会里发生变化和曾经被认为是禁忌的某些行为或观点如何能在另外一个时间点变得完全被接受和正常)。由此推测D项“总有一天不再是禁忌”正确。

3.细节事实题。根据题干关键词Thetopicoffat定位至第三段:Unlikemanyothertaboos,fatisatopicthatAmericanstalkaboutconstantly(不同于其他禁忌，人们经常会谈到与肥胖有关的事情)。因此B项“不同于”正确。

4.语义题。根据题干关键词thinis“in”,andfatis“out”定位至第三段:Thethinlookisassociatedwithyouth,vigor,andsuccess.Thefatperson,ontheotherhand,isthoughtofaslazyandlackinginenergy,self-discipline,andself-respectInanimage-conscioussocietyliketheU.S.,thinis“in”，fatis“out”(苗条的身材让人联想到年轻，活力和成功。另一方面，肥胖的人被认为是懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊。在一个注重外表的国家，比如美国，苗条意味着…，而肥胖意味着…)。根据句意推测,“in”和“out”分别表示“年轻，活力和成功”和“懒惰或缺乏活力、自我约束和自尊”,故C项“瘦就是青春，胖就是缺乏活力”正确。

5.细节事实题。根据题干关键词healthandexercise和themainreason定位至最后一段:Thepursuitofayouthfulphysicalappearanceisnot,however,thesolereasonforAmericans'fascinationwithdietandexercise(然而，对年轻外表的追求，不仅仅是因为美国人对节食和身体锻炼的热衷),由此可知B项“对保持苗条和青春的追求”正确。

4.翻译题

TheUnitedStatesisacommonlawcountry.EveryU.S.statehasalegalsystembasedonthecommonlaw,exceptLouisiana.Commonlawhasnostatutorybasis;judgesestablishcommonlawbyapplyingpreviousdecisions(precedents)topresentcases.Althoughtypicallyaffectedbystatutoryauthority,broadareasofthelaw,mostnotablyrelatingtoproperty,contracts,andtorts,aretraditionallypartofthecommonlaw.Theseareasofthelawaremostlywithinthejurisdictionofthestates,andthusstatecourtsaretheprimarysourceofcommonlaw.Federalcommonlawisrelativelynarrowinscope,beinglimitedprimarilytoclearlyfederalissuesthathavenotbeenaddressedbyastatute.

Stateconstitutionsarethesupremelawwithinthestate.AlthoughastateconstitutionmaygrantgreaterrightsthanthosesecuredbythefederalConstitution,itcannotprovidelesserrightsthanthefederalconstitutiondoes.Statestatutesmustconformtotherespectivestate’sconstitution.AllstateconstitutionsandlegislationcanbepreemptedbyfederallegislationorthefederalConstitution.Municipalcharters,ordinances,rules,andregulationsapplyonlytolocalissues;eitherstateorfederallawtypicallycanpreemptthem.

【答案】参考译文：

美国是一个普通法系的国家。除了路易斯安那州，美国各州都拥有一个基于普通法的法律系统。普通法没有成文法基础；法官们通过运用先前的决定（先例）建立普通法去解决当前的案例。尽管通常受法律权限和广泛的法律领域影响，尤其与财产，合同和侵权行为有关的，传统上都是普通法的一部分。这些法律领域大多数都是在各州的管辖范围之内的，因此州法院是普通法的主要来源。联邦普通法是一个适用范围相对狭小的法律，主要限制于处理那些非成文法的联邦问题。

州宪法是州内的最高位阶的法律。虽然州宪法授予的权利可能多于联邦宪法所保护的权利，但是州宪法不能提供少于联邦宪法保护的权利。州法令必须符合各自州的宪法。所有州的宪法和法律可能被联邦法律或联邦宪法所取代。市政章程，条例，规则，与规定制度只适用于当地的问题，州或联邦法律通常都可以优先使用它们。

5.不定项选择题

AlanChangwasahandsomeyoungmanwithgoodmanners.

Onemorninghewaswalkingalongastreetonhiswaytoanappointment.Hedidnotwanttobeearlyorlate.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi.

“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,verypolitely,“butcouldyoutellmethetime?”

Theman,whowasverywell-dressedandlookedquiterich,saidnothing.HedidnotevenlookatAlan.

Alanspoketohimagain.“Excuseme,sir,”hesaid,“butcouldyoupleasetellmewhattimeis?”

Thistimethemanlookedathim,buthedidnotspeakandlookedquicklyaway.

Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude.

“Whywon’tyoutellmethetime,sir?”hedemanded.

Themanturnedtowardshimandsaid,“Trytounderstandme,Iamstandingherewaitingforataxi.Youcomeuptomeandaskmeforthetime.IfItellittoyou,youwillthankme.Iwillsay,‘That’sallright.’Youmaythensay,‘It’sabeautifulday,’towhichImayreply‘Yes,Ilikethesesunnywinterdays.’Beforeweknowwhatishappeningwehaveafriendlyconversation.Youareapleasant,politeyoungmanandsowhenmytaxicomes,Iofferyouaride.Youaccept.Wetalk.Ilikeyou.Youlikeme.Iinviteyoutomyhome.Youmeetmydaughter.Sheisaveryprettygirl.Youareagood-lookingman.Youlikeeachother.Soonyoufallinlove.Youwanttomarry.Nowdoyouunderstandmyproblem?”

Alanshookhishead.

“Nosir,I’msorry,Idon’t.Everythingyouhavesaidseemsverynaturaltome.”

“Exactly,”themansaid,“andIdonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch.Goodmorningtoyou,”andwiththesewordshehurriedaway.

1.WhydidAlanaskthemanwhattimeitwas?

2.WhatdidAlanthinkthemanwaswhenhewouldnottellhimthetime?

3.Whydidn’tthemantellAlanthetime?

4.WhatkindofamandidthemanconsiderAlanChang?

5.Whatisthestoryreallyabout?

问题1选项

A.Hewaslate.

B.Hewasearly.

C.Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatch.

D.Hewantedtomeettheman’sdaughter.

问题2选项

A.rude

B.deaf

C.stupid

D.unabletospeakEnglish

问题3选项

A.Hedidnotknowit.

B.Hedidnothaveawatch.

C.HethoughtAlanwasathief.

D.HedidnotwanttospeaktoAlan.

问题4选项

A.athief

B.apoorman

C.acheat

D.arichman

问题5选项

A.tellingthetime

B.beingrudetopeople

C.notspeakingtostrangers

D.onethingleadingtoanother

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。由第二段第三句Hehadforgottentoputonhiswatchsohewentuptoamanwhowaswaitingforataxi（他忘了戴表，所以走到一个正在等出租车的人面前）可知C选项“他忘了戴表”正确。

第2题:事实细节题。由第七段Alanthoughttohimself:Well,he’snotdeaf.Hemustbejustrude（艾伦心想：嗯，他不是聋子。他一定只是没有礼貌）可知，A选项“粗鲁的，无礼的”正确。

第3题:推理判断题。由文章第九段至末尾可知，“那个男人”不想让女儿嫁给Alan，因此不想跟他说话，因此D选项符合题意。A、B、C选项在本文中均未被提及。

第4题:事实细节题。由最后一段中的Idonotwantmydaughtertomarryamanwhoistoopoortobuyawatch（我不希望我的女儿嫁给一个穷得连手表都买不起的人）可知Alan被认为是一个穷人，因此B选项正确。

第5题:主旨大意题。文章讲述了Alan向路人打听时间，路人却想象了“Alan会跟他相谈甚欢，然后他邀请Alan搭便车，之后邀请Alan去他家，Alan见到了他的女儿并与他女儿陷入爱河”等一系列事情，因此D选项“一件事引发另一件事”符合题意。

6.单选题

Becauseoftheirchemicalstructure,syntheticdyesgenerally（

）

moreslowlythannaturalones.

问题1选项

A.penetrate

B.evaporate

C.fade

D.secede

【答案】C

【解析】penetrate渗透,看透；evaporate蒸发,挥发；fade褪色；secede脱离,退出。句意：由于化学结构的原因,合成染料通常比天然染料褪色慢。选项C符合句意。

7.单选题

Thecontestantshadtostaywithinthe（）oftheplayingfieldortheywouldbeeliminated.

问题1选项

A.symptomatic

B.corollary

C.pundit

D.parameter

【答案】D

【解析】考查词义辨析。A选项symptomatic“有症状的；症候的”；B选项corollary“推论；必然的结果”；C选项pundit“专家；博学者；梵文学者”；D选项parameter“参数；起限定作用的因素；界限”。句意：参赛者必须停留在比赛场地的界限内，否则他们将被淘汰。结合此处语义，D选项正确。

8.单选题

TheFDAwascreatedto（）thesafetyofproducts,reviewapplicationsandgrantapprovals.

问题1选项

A.manipulate

B.adjust

C.regulate

D.manage

【答案】C

【解析】考查动词辨析。A项manipulate“操纵，操作”，B项adjust“调整”，C项regulate“调节，控制”，D项manage“管理，经营”；根据关键词safetyofproduct（产品的安全性）和后面的review（检查）以及grant（承认，允许）可推断，空格部分表示“控制，规范”。句意：FDA的成立是为了监管产品的安全性，审查申请和批准。因此，该题选择C项正确。

9.单选题

Therehasbeenmuchoppositionfromsomesocialgroups,（

）fromthefarmingcommunity.

问题1选项

A.straightforwardly

B.notably

C.virtually

D.exceptionally

【答案】B

【解析】考查副词辨析。straightforwardly意为“正直地”；notably意为“尤其，特别”；virtually意为“实际上，实质上”；exceptionally意为“例外地，异常地”。

句意：已遭到来自一些社会团体的强烈反对，尤其是来自农业区。

10.单选题

Veryfewpeopleunderstoodhislecture,thesubjectofwhichwasvery______.

问题1选项

A.dim

B.obscure

C.conspicuous

D.intelligible

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A选项dim“暗淡的，昏暗的；模糊的，看不清的；悲观的，怀疑的”；B选项obscure“昏暗的，朦胧的；晦涩的，不清楚的；隐蔽的；不著名的，无名的”；C选项conspicuous“显著的；显而易见的”；D选项intelligible“可理解的；明了的；仅能用智力了解的”。句意：很少有人听懂他的演讲，因为他的主题晦涩难懂。因此B选项正确。

11.单选题

Thedesignofthegymnasiumshowsagreatdealof（）.Wehaveneverseenabuildingofsuchatypebefore.

问题1选项

A.invention

B.fascination

C.solidarity

D.originality

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。invention“发明，发明物”；fascination“魅力，魔力”；solidarity“团结”；originality“创意，独创性”。根据后面提到的内容“我们从来没有见过这类型的建筑”可知该建筑的设计是非常富有创意的，因此选项D符合题意。

12.单选题

Suchachangewouldnot______tothewishesofthegreatmajorityofthepeople.

问题1选项

A.conform

B.confirm

C.confine

D.confront

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.conform符合，遵照B.confirm确认

C.confine限制，限定D.confront使面对，使面临

【考查点】动词辨析。

【解题思路】由空格后的to可知，空格处要填入一个和to搭配的动词；由宾语thewishes（愿望）可知，conformto（符合）适合句子语境。因此，该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B、D选项不与to进行搭配；

C选项confineto表示“限制于”，不符合句子语义。

【句意】这种变化不符合大多数人民的愿望。

13.单选题

Paperclips,drawingpinsandsafetypins,were（

）alloverthefloor.

问题1选项

A.scattered

B.littered

C.sprayed

D.separated

【答案】A

【解析】句意:回形针，图钉和安金扣针全都散落在地板上。

考查动词辨析。四个选型都是对应动词的过去分词形式表被动。Scatter使分散;litter把……弄得乱七八糟;spray喷洒;separate使分离。因此A符合句意。

14.单选题

Bycreatingvalue,apowerfulmessage,youcangetpeopletocometoyou,insteadoftryingto（

）themwithyourmessageandbrand.

问题1选项

A.substantiate

B.authenticate

C.satiate

D.smother

【答案】D

【解析】考查动词辨析。substantiate“证实”；authenticate“鉴定”；satiate“充分满足”；smother“使窒息，抑制”。句意：通过创造价值和强有力的信息，你就能让大家来到身边，而不要尝试用自己的信息和品牌让来让他们感到窒息。insteadof表转折，而不要尝试通过······可知空格处所填单词应为贬义词，故答案为D。

15.翻译题

以前人们常说，英国人享乐时也会郁郁不乐。如今，如果英国人真有什么乐趣可享的话，情况无疑还会依然如此，不过英国的烟酒价格构成了足以令人忧愁的外因。有时我觉得，这种享乐时也郁郁不乐的癖性已经传到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得纳闷：这么多讲英语的人身体又健康，收入又丰厚，怎么人生观却如此消沉。

我在美国旅行期间，注意到了一种根深蒂固的忧郁症。我觉得这种忧郁症似乎极其普遍，这就给社会改革家出了难题。大多数社会改革家认为，若是消除了贫困，有了经济保障，太平盛世就会到来。但是，无论在贵国还是在蔽国，看着坐在豪华轿车里的人们的面孔，却见不到社会改革家引导人们期待的那种喜气洋洋的神情。相反，十有八九，我看到的是一副厌倦不满的神情，以及一种近似疯狂的渴望，想找点东西吊起早已发腻的胃口。

【答案】【参考译文】ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Thiswouldnodoubtstillbethecasetodayiftheyhadanypleasuretotake,butthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinBritishhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuresadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.

DuringmytravelsintheAmerica,Ihavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinluxurycars,whetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledpeopletoexpect.Inalllikelihood,onthecontrary,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.

16.单选题

Theprincipleofarocketmotorissimple,（）rocketsareverycomplicatedmachines.

问题1选项

A.largebutwhichpowerful

B.butlarge,powerful

C.largealthoughpowerful

D.solarge,powerful

【答案】B

【解析】考查连词以及逻辑关系。由空格后rockets名词，以及给出的选项可知此处应填入形容词修饰名词。句意：火箭发动机的原理很简单，（）火箭是非常复杂的机器。前文的简单和后文的复杂形成对比，因为B选项正确。

17.不定项选择题

InonlytwodecadesAsianAmericanshavebecomethefastest-growingU.S.minority.Astheirchildrenbeganmovingupthroughthenation’sschools,itbecameclearthatanewclassofacademicachieverswasemerging.Theirachievementsarereflectedinthenation’sbestuniversities,wheremathematics,scienceandengineeringdepartmentshavetakenonadecidedlyAsiancharacter.ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish.Theyarealsoinfluencedbythepromiseofagoodjobaftercollege.Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree.

MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps.ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation.

BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation.Indeed,itwasnotuntil1952thatlawswerelaiddowngivingallAsianimmigrantstherighttocitizenship.

1.Whilemakingtremendousachievementsatcollege,Asian-Americanstudents（）.

2.WhatarethemajorfactorsthatdeterminethesuccessofAsianAmericans?

3.FewAsian-Americanstudentsmajorinhumansciencesmainlybecause（）.

4.Whydothetwo“explanations”(Para.3,Line.1)worryAsianAmericans?

5.Theauthor’stoneinthispassageis（）.

问题1选项

A.feeltheyaremistreatedbecauseoflimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

B.areafraidthattheiracademicsuccessesbearastrongAsiancharacter

C.generallyfeelitashametohavetodependontheirparents

D.stillworryaboutunfairtreatmentinsociety

问题2选项

A.AsolidfoundationinbasicmathematicsandAsianculture.

B.Hardworkandintelligence.

C.HardworkandalimitedknowledgeofEnglish.

D.AsiancultureandtheAmericaneducationalsystem.

问题3选项

A.theirEnglishisnotgoodenough

B.thereisawidedifferencebetweenAsianandWesterncultures

C.theyareafraidtheymightmeetwithunfairjudgmentintheseareas

D.theyknowlittleaboutAmericancultureandsociety

问题4选项

A.TheyareafraidthattheywouldagainbeisolatedfromAmericansocietyingeneral.

B.PeoplewouldthinkthatAsianstudentrelyontheirparentsforsuccess.

C.Asian-Americanswouldbethreattootherminorities.

D.AmericanacademicachievementshavetakenontoostronganAsiancharacter.

问题5选项

A.sympathetic

B.objective

C.critical

D.doubtful

【答案】第1题:D

第2题:A

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】第1题:推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（许多研究者还认为，亚洲文化中有一些东西需要成功，比如强调家庭价值观和强调教育的理想）以及第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（这两种对学业成功的解释都让亚裔美国人感到担忧，因为他们担心自己会形成一种典型的种族形象。许多人还记得，中国、日本和菲律宾移民曾是社会孤立的受害者）可以判断出D选项“仍然担心社会上的不公平待遇”正确以及B选项“担心他们的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲特色”错误，亚裔美国学生担心他们的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲特色根本原因是害怕亚洲特色会让他们在社会上遭遇不公平的待遇；A选项“觉得自己因为英语知识有限而受到不公平对待”在原文中未提及；根据文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响）可知C选项“通常觉得依靠父母是件可耻的事”错误；因此D选项符合题意。

第2题:细节事实题。根据原文第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（这种对数学和科学的特别喜爱部分是由这样一个事实解释的：亚裔美国学生在国外开始接受教育时，在美国有坚实的数学基础，但很少或根本不懂英语）以及第二段最后一句ManyresearcheralsobelievethereissomethinginAsianculturethatneedssuccess,suchasidealsthatstressfamilyvaluesandemphasizeeducation（许多研究者还认为，亚洲文化中有一些东西需要成功，比如强调家庭价值观和强调教育的理想）可知A选项“扎实的数学基础和亚洲文化”正确以及C选项“努力学习和有限的英语知识”错误；B选项“勤奋和智慧”在原文未提及；根据第二段MostAsian-AmericanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparentswhoaredeterminedthattheirchildrentakefulladvantageofwhattheAmericaneducationalsystemhastooffer.Aneffectivemeasureofparentalattentionishomework.AsianparentsspendmoretimewiththeirchildrenthanAmericanparentsdo,andithelps（大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响，他们决心让自己的孩子充分利用美国教育系统提供的东西。衡量父母注意力的一个有效方法是家庭作业。亚洲父母比美国父母花更多的时间和孩子在一起，这很有帮助）可以得知D选项“亚洲文化和美国教育制度”错误，美国教育制度并不是决定亚裔美国人成功的主要因素；因此A选项符合题意。

第3题:细节事实题。根据原文第一段Asiansfeeltherewillbelessunfairtreatmentinareaslikemathematicsandsciencebecausetheywillbejudgedmoreobjectively.Andthereturnontheinvestmentineducationismoreimmediateinsomethinglikeengineeringthanwithanartsdegree（亚洲人认为，数学和科学等领域的不公平待遇将会减少，因为他们将受到更客观的评判。教育投资的回报在工程类专业比文科学位更直接）可知C选项“他们害怕在这些方面可能会遇到不公平的判断”正确；根据第一段ThisspeciallikingformathematicsandscienceispartlyexplainedbythefactthatAsian-AmericanstudentswhobegantheireducationsabroadarrivedintheU.S.withasolidgroundinginmathematicsbutlittleornoknowledgeofEnglish（这种对数学和科学的特别喜爱部分是由这样一个事实解释的：亚裔美国学生在国外开始接受教育时，在美国有坚实的数学基础，但很少或根本不懂英语）可以得知A选项“他们的英语不够好”并不是少有亚裔美国学生主修人文科学主要原因；B选项“亚洲和西方文化之间有很大的差异”以及D选项“他们对美国文化和社会知之甚少”在原文未提及；因此C选项符合题意。

第4题:推理判断题。根据第三段第一，二句BothexplanationsforacademicsuccessworryAsianAmericansbecauseoffearsthattheyfeedatypicalracialimage.ManycanrememberwhenChinese,JapaneseandFilipinoimmigrantswerethevictimsofsocialisolation（这两种对学业成功的解释都让亚裔美国人感到担忧，因为他们担心自己会形成一种典型的种族形象。许多人还记得，中国、日本和菲律宾移民曾是社会孤立的受害者）可以判断出A选项“他们害怕自己会再次被孤立于美国社会之外”正确；根据文章第二段第一句MostAsian-Americanowetheirsuccesstotheinfluenceofparents（大多数亚裔美国人把他们的成功归功于父母的影响）可知B选项“人们会认为亚洲学生依靠他们的父母获得成功”错误；C选项“亚裔美国人会对其他少数族裔构成威胁”以及D选项“美国人的学术成就带有强烈的亚洲色彩”在原文中未提及，错误；因此A选项符合题意。

第5题:推理判断题。A选项“同情的；交感神经的；共鸣的；赞同的；和谐的；合意的”；B选项“客观的”；C选项“批评的，爱挑剔的；危险的”；D选项“可疑的；令人生疑的；疑心的；不能确定的”；本文是从客观的观点去看亚裔美国人在学业方面的成功，作者并没有同情，批判或者是怀疑，只是客观的陈述目前亚裔美国人在学业方面存在的情况，因此B选项符合题意。

18.单选题

ItsuddenlyoccurredtoAnnethatmoneycouldn't（）allthatBobhadsufferedinthepastfiveyears.

问题1选项

A.liveupto

B.makeout

C.livethrough

D.makeupfor

【答案】D

【解析】考查词组辨析。liveupto“践行”；makeout“理解，辨认出”；livethrough“度过，经受过”；makeupfor“弥补”。句意：Anne突然明白金钱不能弥补Bob在过去五年里的遭遇。D项符合题意。

19.单选题

Thecourtconsidersa,financial（）tobeanappropriatewayofpunishinghim.

问题1选项

A.option

B.duty

C.obligation

D.penalty

【答案】D

【解析】option选择;duty责任,任务,值日；obligation义务;penalty责罚。句意：法院认为对他最适合的惩罚方式是经济惩处。因此,本题选D。

20.单选题

Amanwhocannotwinhonorinhisownagewillhaveaverysmallchanceofwinningitfrom（

）.

问题1选项

A.posterity

B.immigrants

C.critics

D.improvisation

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词辨析。A选项posterity“子孙；后裔”；B选项immigrant“移民”；C选项critics“评论家；批评者”；D选项improvisation“即兴创作；即席演奏”。句意：一个在他这个年龄不能赢得荣誉的人，从······获得荣誉的机会很小。前半句提到“他这个年龄”，因此空格处出词语应与“时间、年龄相关”。综合句意可知，A选项符合句意。

21.单选题

Coca-Cola,whichsold10billioncasesofsoftdrinksin1992,nowfindsitselfasking,wherewillsalesofthenext10billioncasescomefrom?Theanswerliesoverseas,whereincomelevelsandappetitesforWesternproductsareatanall-timehigh.Often,thecompanythatgetsintoaforeignmarketearliestdominatesthatcountry’smarket.CokepatriarchRobertWoodruffrealizedthisandunleashedabrilliantploytomakeCoketheearlybirdinmanyofthemajorforeignmarkets.AttheheightofWorldWar11,Woodruffproclaimed,“WhereverAmericanboyswerefighting,they’dbeabletogetaCoke.”BythetimePepsitriedtomakeitsfirstinternationalpitchinthe1950s,Cokehadestablisheditsbrandnamealongwithapowerfuldistributionnetwork.Duringthelast40years,manynewmarketshaveemerged.Inordertotapintotheseopportunities,bothCokeandPepsihaveattemptedtofindwaystocutthroughtheredtapethatthwartstheireffortstoconductbusinessinthesenewregions.Onekeymaneuverinthesodawarsoccurredin1972,whenPepsisignedanagreementwiththeSovietUnionthatmadeitthefirstWesternproducttobesoldtoconsumersinRussia.ThislandmarkagreementgavePepsitheupperhand.Atpresent,Pepsihas23plantsintheformerSovietUnionandistheleaderinthesoft-drinkindustryinRussia.ItoutsellsCoca-Colabyaratioof6to1andisseenthereasalocalbrand,similartoCoke’shome-grownreputationinJapan.However,Pepsihasalsoencounteredsomeobstacles.AnexpectedincreaseinbrandloyaltyforPepsisubsequenttoitsadvertisingblitzinRussiahasnotmaterialized,eventhoughPepsiproducedcommercialstailoredtotheRussianmarketandsponsoredtelevisedconcerts.SomeanalystsbelievethatPepsi’sdominationoftheRussianmarkethasmoretodowithpricing.WhilePepsisellsfor250Rubels(about25cents)abottle,Coca-Colasellsfor450Rubels.Likewise,Pepsisellstheir2litereconomybottlefor1,300Rubels,whileCoca-Cola’s1.5litersismarketedat1,800Rubels.Ontheotherhand,Coca-ColaonlymadeitsfirstinroadsintoRussia2yearsago.What’smore,althoughCoca-Cola’sbottleandlabelgaveitahigh-classimage,RussiansdonotperceiveCoca-ColaasapremiumbrandintheRussianmarket.Consequently,ithassofarbeenunabletocaptureamarketshare.

1.Accordingtothepassage,allofthefollowinghavebeenusedtoattractcustomerstobuyoneofthetwobrandsofsoftdrinkmentionedinthepassageEXCEPT（）.

2.ThepassagesuggestswhichofthefollowingabouttheRussiansoftdrinkmarket?

3.Theprimarypurposeofthepassageisto（）.

4.Thebestdefinitionof“materialized”whichisunderlinedinthepassageshouldbe“（）”.

问题1选项

A.offeringsoftdrinksforalimitedtimeatspeciallyreducedprices

B.beingthefirstcountrytoenteraforeignmarket

C.designingabottleandlebeltocreateahigh-classimage

D.staginganadvertisingblitzincludingcommercialstailoredtothelocalmarket

问题2选项

A.PriceisanunimportantfactorintheRussiansoftdrinkmarket.

B.Russianconsumersaremorelikelytopurchaseinternationalsoftdrinks.

C.TheRussiansoftdrinkmarketissaturatedwithlocalbrands.

D.Twolitereconomybottlesaremoremarketablethanoneandahalflitereconomybottles,ifsoldatalowerprice.