考研考博-英语-徽商职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-徽商职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Inscientificstudies,supportingevidenceismuchmoresatisfyingtoreportthanarediscreditedhypotheses,but,infact,the（）oferrorsismorelikelytobe（）thanistheestablishmentofprobabletruth.

问题1选项

A.formulation,permitted

B.correction,ignored

C.detection,useful

D.accumulation,agreeable

【答案】D

【解析】考查名词与形容词辨析。A选项formulation，permitted“制订，规划；系统阐述；表达方式；制剂，配方”，“被允许的，可能的”；B选项correction，ignored“改正，修正”，“被忽视的；被忽略的”；C选项detection，useful“侦查，探测；发觉，发现；察觉”，“有用的，有益的；有帮助的”；D选项accumulation，agreeable“积聚，累积；堆积物”，“令人愉快的；适合的；和蔼可亲的”。句意：在科学研究中，报告支持的证据比不可信的假设更令人满意，但事实上，错误的积累比可能真理的建立更容易令人满意。因此D选项正确。

2.单选题

Themillionsofcalculationsinvolved,（

）byhand,wouldhavelostallpracticalvaluebythetimetheywerefinished.

问题1选项

A.hadtheybeendone

B.theyhadbeendone

C.havingbeendone

D.theyweredone

【答案】A

【解析】句意:如果用手进行数百万次的计算，到结束时就已经失去了意义。

语法题。考查倒装。由句意以及wouldhavelost…推断此句应采用If引导的非真实条件句表示虚拟,而且表示与过去事实相反的假设。因此应该是iftheyhadbeendonebyhand,当省略if后需采用倒装结构，即Hadtheybeendonebyhand。

3.单选题

Inthebusyholidayseason,extrabusesareprovidedto（）theexistingservice.

问题1选项

A.supplement

B.complement

C.implement

D.experiment

【答案】A

【解析】考查名词词义辨析。supplement“补充，增补”；complement“补足，补助”；implement“实现，执行”；experiment“尝试，进行试验”。句意：在繁忙的假日，会增加一些公车来满足现有的服务。选项A符合题意。

4.翻译题

Currently,Chinaisinthemidstofachallengingtransition.Arapidlyagingpopulation,increasingdebt,anddecliningreturnsonfixedassetinvestmentplacenewburdensontheeconomy.Becauseofaging,thelaborforceisexpectedtopeakthisyearandbeginalongdeclinethatcouldreduceitssizeby16percentby2050.By2030,China’sdependencyratio—thepercentageofthepopulationthatisnotinthelaborforce(mostlytheelderlyandchildren)—willreach47percent.Thisisfarsooner,intermsofGDPpercapita,thanincountriessuchasJapanortheUnitedStates.

【答案】

目前，中国正处于一个具有挑战性的转型阶段。人口老龄化的迅速增长、不断增加的债务以及固定资产投资回报率的下降给经济带来了新的负担。由于人口老龄化，中国的劳动力总量预期今年达到最高峰，然后开始一个长期的减少，而到2050年中国的劳动力规模可能减少16%。到2030年，中国的抚养比率——即不属于劳动力的人口百分比（主要是老年人和儿童）将达到47%。而中国人均国内生产总值的减少会比日本或美国等国家出现得早很多。

5.单选题

Johncomplainedtothebooksellerthattherewereseveralpages___inthedictionary.

问题1选项

A.missing

B.losing

C.dropping

D.leaking

【答案】A

【解析】考查动词辨析。A选项missing“丢失，缺失”；B选项losing“浪费；使沉溺于；使迷路；遗失；错过”；C选项dropping“推动；帮助；宣扬；下降；终止”；D选项leaking“使渗漏，泄露；漏，渗；泄漏出去；透露”。句意：约翰向书商抱怨这本字典___几页。本句表达“字典缺失几页”，现在分词做后置定语，因此A选项正确。

6.单选题

Brazil’sconstitution（）themilitaryuseofnuclearenergy.

问题1选项

A.withdraws

B.forbids

C.interrupts

D.objects

【答案】B

【解析】考查动词辨析。withdraw“撤销，撤退”；forbid“禁止”；interrupt“打扰”；object“反对”。句意：巴西宪法规定军队禁止使用核能。由宪法可推知forbid更符合题意。故B项正确。

7.不定项选择题

Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.Thelargestpartsofthebrainarethecerebralhemispheres,whichoccupymostoftheinterioroftheskull.Theyarelayeredstructures,themostcomplexbeingtheouterlayer,knownasthecerebralcortex（大脑皮层）,wherethenervecellsareextremelydenselypackedtoallowgreatinterconnectivity.Itsfunctionisnotfullyunderstood,butwecangetsomeindicationofitspurposefromstudiesofanimalsthathavehaditremoved.Adog,forexample,canstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkifitisdisturbed.However,italsobecomesblindandlosesitssenseofsmell—moresignificantly,perhaps,itlosesallinterestinitsenvironment,notrespondingtopeopleortoitsname,nortootherdogs,evenoftheoppositesex.Italsolosesallabilitytolearn.Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.Thecerebralcortexhasbeenthesubjectofinvestigationbyresearchersformanyyears,andisslowlyrevealingitssecrets.Itdemonstratesalocalizationoffunctions,inthatdifferentareasofthecortexfulfilldifferentfunctions,suchasmotioncontrol,hearingandvision.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones.Althoughmuchofthisstructureisgeneticallypredetermined,theorientation-specificlayoutofthecellsappearstobelearntatanearlystage.Animalsboughtupinanenvironmentofpurelyhorizontallinesdonotdevelopneuronstructuresthatrespondtoverticalorientations,showingthatthesestructuresaredevelopedduetoenvironmentalinputandnotpurelyfromgeneticpredetermination.Thisiscalledself-organizationofthevisualcortexsincethereisexternalteachertoguidethedevelopmentofthesestructures.

1.Theorganizationofbrainischaracterizedby（

）.

2.Accordingtothepassage,adogcanstillmoveinacoordinatedmanner,willeatandsleep,andevenbarkwhen（

）is(are)removed.

3.Theword“seat”inline12ofthefirstparagraphmeans（

）.

4.Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinterestingbecause（

）.

5.Whichofthefollowingheadingsisthebesttitleforthispassage?

问题1选项

A.theinterioroftheskull

B.differentregionsresponsiblefordifferentfunctions

C.theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex

D.thenervecellsdenselypacked

问题2选项

A.nervecells

B.theskull

C.thehemispheres

D.thecerebralcortex

问题3选项

A.achair

B.partofthebody

C.placewheresomethingisorwheresomethingiscarriedon

D.cortex

问题4选项

A.specificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli

B.muchofthestructureisgeneticallypredetermined

C.horizontallinesarestimulated

D.verticallinesarestimulated

问题5选项

A.TheCerebralCortex

B.ThespecificLayersofNeurons

C.TheOrganizationoftheBrain

D.TheCerebralHemispheres

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:事实细节题。题干：大脑组织的特点是……。A选项“头骨的内部”；B选项“不同的区域负责不同的功能”；C选项“theouterlayer—thecerebralcortex”；D选项“神经细胞密集排列”。第一段第一句话Thebrainisorganizedintodifferentregions,eachresponsiblefordifferentfunctions,andinhumansthisorganizationisverymarked.（大脑被组织成不同的区域，每个区域负责不同的功能，在人类中这个组织非常明显），因此答案选B。

第2题:事实细节题。题干：根据这篇文章，狗被除去（）仍然可以移动，吃饭和睡觉，甚至吠喊。A选项“神经细胞”；B选项“头骨”；C选项“半脑”；D选项“大脑皮层”。根据题干定位到第八九句话Ineffect,itlosesthecharacteristicsthatwegenerallyrefertoasindicatingintelligenceawareness,interestandinteractionwithanenvironment,andanabilitytoadaptandlearn.Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（实际上，它失去了我们通常所说的智力的特征——意识、兴趣、与环境的互动，以及适应和学习的能力。因此，大脑皮层似乎是大脑高级功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）从这里可以看出答案选D。

第3题:词义推测题。A选项“椅子”；B选项“身体的一部分”，C选项“某物所在的地方或某物被进行的地方”；D选项“皮质”。Thusthecerebralcortexseemstobetheseatofthehigherorderfunctionsofthebrain,andthecoreofintelligence.（因此，大脑皮层似乎是大脑高级功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。）这里seat在文中的不是本意“椅子”，而是引申义“智力所在之地”，所以答案选C。

第4题:事实细节题。题干：皮质层的视觉部分尤其有趣因为……。A选项“特定的神经元层对特定的输入刺激方向敏感”；B选项“大部分结构是由基因决定的”；C选项“水平线受到刺激”；D选项“垂直线受到刺激”。根据题干定位到倒数第十行Thevisualpartofthecortexisespeciallyinteresting.Inthevisualcortex,electricalstimulationofthecellscanproducethesensationoflight,anddetailedanalysishasshownthatspecificlayersofneuronsaresensitivetoparticularorientationsofinputstimuli,sothatonelayerrespondsmaximallytohorizontallines,whileanotherrespondstoverticalones（大脑皮层的视觉部分尤其有趣。在视觉皮层中，对细胞的电刺激可以产生光的感觉，详细分析表明，特定的神经元层对特定的输入刺激方向敏感，因此，一层对水平线反应最大，而另一层对垂直线反应最大）所以排除C、D选项，答案选A，选项B没有提及。

第5题:主旨大意题。A选项“大脑皮层”；B选项“神经元的特殊层”；C选项“大脑的结构”；D选项“大脑半球”。原文最开始引出了大脑皮层这一话题，通过举了狗和视觉皮层中的例子来表明大脑皮层的作用，提出“大脑皮层似乎是大脑高阶功能的所在地，也是智力的核心。大脑皮层多年来一直是研究人员研究的主题”这一概念，因此A选项正确。B，C，D选项都是文章中的片面的内容，文章没有花费大量笔墨描写“神经元的特殊层”；“大脑的结构”；D“大脑半球”，属于以偏概全。

8.单选题

Wehavedoneallwecouldandnowourcherishedprojectis（

）ournewCEO.

问题1选项

A.ontheagendaof

B.inthepowerof

C.undertheguidanceof

D.withtheguidanceof

【答案】B

【解析】考查词组辨析。A选项ontheagendaof“列入会议议程的”；B选项inthepowerof“受……支配，在……的控制下”；C选项undertheguidanceof“在……的指导下”；D选项withtheguidanceof“在……的指导下”，作伴随状语表原因。由project（项目）与CEO（执行总裁）之间的关系可知项目应处于CEO的控制下较符合逻辑搭配。句意：我们已经竭尽所能，现在我们珍视的项目掌握在新任CEO的手中。

9.单选题

Mostpeopletendtothinktheyaresoefficientattheirjobthattheyare（）.

问题1选项

A.inaccessible

B.irreversible

C.immovable

D.irreplaceable

【答案】D

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。A:inaccessible“达不到的；难见到的”；B:irreversible“不可逆的；不能翻转的”；C:immovable“不可移动的；固定的”；D:irreplaceable“不能调换的；不能代替的”。句意：大多数人都认为自己的工作效率很高，无人能取代他们。结合句意，故D为正确答案。

10.单选题

BigBenisoneofLondon’sbest-knownlandmark,andlooksmostspectacularatnightwhentheclockfacesarelighted.Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.

Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.Minutelyregulated（校准）withastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.

ThenameBigBenactuallyrefersnottotheclock-toweritself,buttothethirteen-tonbellhungwithin.Thebellwasnamedafterthefirstcommissionerofworks,SirBenjaminHall.ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimes（报时）onthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.

DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours,itsuniquesoundwasbroadcasttothenationandaroundtheworld,awelcomereassuranceofhopetoallwhoheardit.

Thetowerisnotopentothegeneralpublic,butthosewitha“specialinterest”mayarrangeavisittothetopoftheClockTowerthroughtheirlocal（UK）MP.

1.Whenparliamenthasmeeting（）.

2.Whichoffollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

3.Thebellwasonceownedby（）.

4.TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesontheeveof（）.

5.Theword“intact”inLine2,Para.4probablymeans（）.

问题1选项

A.alightisonabovetheface

B.theclockfacesarelighted

C.BigBenstrikesthetime

D.BigBenlightstheparliament

问题2选项

A.BigBenhasonlyonehand.

B.BigBenhasneverstopped.

C.BigBenhasahugependulummadeofcoins.

D.CoinsareusedtomakeBigBenworkmoreprecisely.

问题3选项

A.theBBC

B.theDeanofSt.Paul

C.SirBenjaminHall

D.theoldPalaceofWestminster

问题4选项

A.1858

B.1923

C.1924

D.1941

问题5选项

A.uncut

B.unharmed

C.uninjured

D.undamaged

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:C

第5题:D

【解析】1.事实细节题。根据题干关键词定位到第一段第二句Youevenknowwhenparliamentisinsession,becausealightshinesabovetheclockface.（你甚至知道议会什么时候开会，因为一盏灯在钟面上方闪烁。）由此得知A选项“钟面上有一盏灯”正确。B选项“钟面是亮的”并不准确；C选项“大本钟在报时”没有提及；D选项“大本钟照亮了议会”不对。

2.判断推理题。根据题干信息定位到第二段第二句话Minutelyregulatedwithastackofcoinsplacedonthehugependulum,BigBenisanexcellenttimekeeper,whichhasrarelystopped.（大本钟的钟摆上放置了一堆硬币，精确地调节着时间，它是一个出色的计时器，很少停下来。）因此D选项“硬币被用来使大本钟工作得更精确”正确。A选项“大本钟只有一个指针”在第二段的第一句话Thefourdialsoftheclockare23feetsquare,theminutehandis14feetlongandthefiguresare2feethigh.（这个钟的四个转盘是23平方英尺，分针是14英尺长，数字是2英尺高。）这里可以看出大本钟是否有多于一个指针原文并没有提及；B选项“大本钟从不停止转动”，原文说大本钟很少停下，说明它还是会停止，只是很罕见；C选项“大本钟有一个由硬币组成的巨大钟摆”，硬币只是让大本钟变得更准确，但并不是它的钟摆组成。

3.事实细节题。根据原文定位到第三段的第三句话ThisbellcameoriginallyfromtheoldPalaceofWestminster,andwasgiventotheDeanofSt.PaulbyWilliamIII.（这只钟最初来自威斯敏斯特宫，是威廉三世送给圣保罗教长的。）因此B选项“它是属于圣保罗的教长的”正确。A、C、D均不符合原文。

4.事实细节题。根据题干定位到第三段的倒数第一句话TheBBCfirstbroadcastthechimesonthe31stDecember1923—thereisamicrophoneintheturretconnectedtoBroadcastingHouse.（英国广播公司于1923年12月31日首次播放了大本钟，它的信息塔上有一个麦克风连接到广播大楼。）而原文问的是在哪一年的前夜，因此C选项正确。A选项在倒数第三段BeforereturningtoWestminstertohanginitspresenthome,itwasrefashionedinWhitechapelin1858.（在回到威斯敏斯特悬挂在现在的家中之前，它在1858年被重新设计在白色教堂。）与事件不符合；B选项与题干不符合；D选项在倒数第二段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament（1941年第二次世界大战期间，一枚炸弹摧毁了下议院的议会）与事件不符。

5.语义推测题。根据题干定位到第四段DuringtheSecondWorldWarin1941,abombdestroyedtheLowerChamberoftheHouseofParliament,buttheclocktowerremainedintactandBigBencontinuedtokeeptimeandstrikeawaythehours（1941年第二次世界大战期间，一枚炸弹摧毁了下议院的议会，但钟楼仍完好无损，大本钟继续计时，不停地敲响钟声）根据原文含义可知intact意为“完整的，原封不动的”。A选项“未切的，毛边的，未雕琢的，未割的”；B选项“无恙的；没有受伤的（用于人）”；C选项“未受伤害的；未蒙损失的（多用于人或器官）”；D选项“未毁坏的，未损坏的（多用于物品）”，因此D选项正确。

11.单选题

Heisofteninclinedto（

）inotherpeople’saffairs,whichisnoneofhisbusiness.

问题1选项

A.manipulated

B.lumbered

C.meddle

D.littered

【答案】C

【解析】动词辨析。句意:他总是喜欢插手别人的事，那些事跟他毫无关系。

manipulate操纵；操作；巧妙地处理；篡改。lumber缓慢吃力地移动;笨拙地行进;迫使担负(职责等)。meddle管闲事;干涉;干预;瞎搞，乱弄(尤指不应管或不懂的事物)。littern.乱丢；给...垫褥草；把...弄得乱七八糟;乱扔废弃物。

12.单选题

Despiteatendencytobeovertly（

），thepoetryoftheMiddleAgesoftensparkstheimaginationandprovideslivelyentertainment,aswellaspioussentiments.

问题1选项

A.diverting

B.didactic

C.whimsical

D.romantic

【答案】B

【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。diverting“有趣的；令人快乐的”；didactic“说教的；教诲的”；whimsical“古怪的；异想天开的”；romantic“浪漫的；多情的；空想的”。句意：尽管中世纪的诗歌有说教的明显倾向，但是它却经常激发想象力，提供充满生气的娱乐和虔诚的心情。由thepoetryoftheMiddleAges中世纪的诗歌可知其特点，另外由despite表让步也可知前后两句句意相反，B项符合语意。

13.单选题

TheGermancompanyretaineda（）positioninhormoneresearch.

问题1选项

A.chair

B.pole

C.soap

D.floor

【答案】B

【解析】考查固定短语搭配。A选项chair“椅子；讲座；主席位；大学教授的职位”；B选项pole“杆；极点；电极”；C选项soap“肥皂；将肥皂涂在……上；对……拍马屁”；D选项floor“地板，地面；楼层；基底；议员席”。poleposition指的是方程式赛车中的“竿位”，即决赛中排在第一位出发的选手。“竿位”由决赛前排位赛中成绩最好的车手获得。此外，poleposition还可表示“跑道内圈；有利位置”。句意：这家德国公司在激素研究方面保持着有利地位。因此B选项正确。

14.单选题

14.

问题1选项

A.Sheisseriouslyill.

B.Shehastolookafterherhusbandathome.

C.Shewillpersuadeherhusbandtogotohospital.

D.Shewillbetakengoodcareofbyhersisteranddaughter.

【答案】C

【解析】W:Oh,Icouldn'tpossiblydothat.Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway,who’dlookafterhim?

M:Icanunderstandyourconcerns.Ifyouknewthathewouldhavecomeheretoday,whatdoyouthinkhewouldsay?

W:He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals.

M:Well,youmightalsothinkaboutwhatyouwouldsaytoyoursisteranddaughter?

Q:Whatcanbeinferredaboutthewoman?

【解析】女士说：Icouldn’ttellmyhusbandandanyway（我不知道怎么开口告诉他），He’dbesoworried.Hedoesn’tlikeitwhenanyoneissickandhehateshospitals（他平时就恨生病，也讨厌来医院），因此她一直焦虑如何说服丈夫来医院。

15.单选题

TherearetwocolumnsmarkedAandBbelow.10setwordsarelistedincolumnAwiththedefinitionsprovidedincolumnB.StudythephrasesincolumnAcarefullyandmatcheachwordwiththecorrectdefinitionincolumnB.

ColumnA

1.vitality

2.prompting

3.instantaneous

4.dynamic

5.prudent

6.original

7.feverish

8.facilitate

9.likewise

10.sponsor

ColumnB

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题1选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题2选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题3选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题4选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题5选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题6选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题7选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题8选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题9选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

问题10选项

A.excited;restless

B.forcethatproduceschange,actionoreffects;energeticandforceful

C.persistentenergy;livelinessorvigor

D.similarly;also

E.happeningordoneimmediately

F.makesomethingeasyorlessdifficult

G.urgingorpersuading

H.existingfromthebeginning;creative;fresh

I.personwhomakeshimselfresponsibleforanother;personwhoputsforwardaproposal

J.showinggoodjudgment;actingwithcareandforesight

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:G

第3题:E

第4题:B

第5题:J

第6题:H

第7题:A

第8题:F

第9题:D

第10题:I

【解析】第1题:vitality“生命力，活力，热情”。

第2题:prompting“促进，鼓舞”。

第3题:instantaneous“即刻的，立刻的”。

第4题:dynamic“动力”，名词；“精力充沛的”，形容词。

第5题:prudent“谨慎的”。

第6题:original“最初的，独创的”。

第7题:feverish“发热的；极度兴奋的”。

第8题:facilitate“促进”。

第9题:likewise“同样地”。

第10题:sponsor“主办者，保证人”。

16.单选题

Hopingthathemightbeableto（

）theproblem,IaskedManiotolookattheengine.

问题1选项

A.shedlighton

B.makelightof

C.bringlightto

D.setlightto

【答案】A

【解析】考查词组辨析。shedlighton“解释；阐明”；makelightof“轻视；对……不在乎”；bringlightto“为……带来光明”；setlightto“点火；引火烧”。句意：我请马里奥看看这个引擎，希望他可以解决这个问题。选项A符合题意。

17.单选题

Foryearspediaticiansdidn’tworrymuchabouttreatinghypertensionintheirpatients.Afterall,kidsgrowsofast,it’shardkeepingupwiththeirshoesize,letalonetheirbloodpressure.Sure,hypertensioninadultsplacesthematgreaterriskofheartattackandstroke.Butnobodylikestheideaofstartingyoungstersonblood-pressuremedicinetheycouldwinduptakingtherestoftheirlives.Whoknowswhatpreviouslyunheard-ofsideeffectscouldcropupafterfiveprsixdecadesofdailyuse?

Therationalehasbeen:kidsgrowoutofsomanythings,maybethey'llgrowoutofthistoo.

Now,though,comeswordthathighbloodpressurecanbedestructiveeveninchildhood.AccordingtoarecentreportinthejournalCirculation,19of130childrenwithhighbloodpressuredevelopedadangerousthickeningoftheheartmusclethat,inadultsatleast,hasbeenlinkedtoheartfailure.“Nooneknowsifthispatternholdstrueforyoungerpatientsaswell,”saysDr.StephenDaniels,apediatriccardiologistwholedthestudyatChildrensHospitalMedicalCenterinCincinnati,Ohio.“Butit’sworrisome.”

Who’smostatrisk?Boysmorethangirls,especiallyboyswhoareoverweight.Theirheartworkssohardtoforcebloodthroughextralayersoffatthatitswallsgrowmoredense.Then,afterdecadesofstraining,itgrowstoobigtopumpbloodverywell.Fortunatelytheabnormal,thickeningcanbespottedbyultrasound.Andinmostcase,gettingthatbloodpressureundercontrol—throughweightlossandexerciseor,asalastresort,drugtreatment一allowstheoverworkedmuscletoshrinktonormalsize.

Howcanyoutellifyoursarelikethe670,000Americanchildrenages10to18withhighbloodpressure?It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery.Youshouldhaveatestdonebyadoctor,whowillconsultspecialtablesthatindicatemenormalrangeofbloodpressureforaparticularchild’sage,heightandsex.Ifthedoctorfindsanabnormalresulthewillrepeatthetestoveraperiodofmonthstomakesurethereadingisn’tafake.He’llalsocheck,whetherotherconditions,likekidneydisease,couldbethesourceofthetrouble.BecausehypertensioncanbehardtodetecttheNationalHeart,LungandBloodInstituterecommendsannualblood-pressurechecksforeverychildoverage3.

Abouthalfthecasesofhypertensionstemdirectlyfromkidsbeingoverweight.Andtheproblemislikelytogrow.Overthepast30yearstheproportionofchildrenintheU.S.whoareoverweighthasdoubled,from5%to11%or4.7millionkids.

Youcankeepyourchildrenfromjoiningtheirranksbyclearingthejunkfoodfromyourpantryandhookingyoukids—theearlierthebetter一onhealthy,attractivesnackslikefruits(tryfreezinggrapesorcarrotstickswithsalsa).Notonlywilltheyloweryourchildren’sbloodpressure:thesefoodswillalsoboosttheirimmunesystemandunclogtheirplumbing.Meanwhile,makesureyourkidsspendmoretimeontheplaygroundthanwiththeirPlay-Station.Eveniftheydon’tshedapound,vigorousexercisewillhelpkeeptheirbloodvesselsniceandwide,loweringtheirbloodpressure.Andofcourse,they’llbemorelikelytoeatlightandexerciseifyousetagoodexample.

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby（）.

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies（）.

3.Whichofthefollowingisnotsuggestedbythewritertocontrolhypertension?

4.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat（）.

问题1选项

A.fix

B.clear

C.hinder

D.dismantle

问题2选项

A.hypertensionishardtodetect

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretested

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagrocery

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexamined

问题3选项

A.Drugtreatment.

B.Weightloss.

C.Exercise.

D.Overwork.

问题4选项

A.childrenwithhypertensionareunlikelytosufferfromheartattackandstroke

B.parent'sbloodpressuredecidestheirchildren’sbloodpressure

C.besidesoverweight,thereareotherfactorsresultinginhypertension

D.vigorousexercisesometimeswillleadtohearttrouble

【答案】第1题:B

第2题:A

第3题:D

第4题:C

【解析】第1题:1.【选项释义】

1.Theword“unclog”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby______.1.最后一段的unclog可以用______代替。

A.fixA.修理

B.clearB.清除

C.hinderC.阻碍

D.dismantleD.拆卸

【考查点】词义推测题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至最后一段第二句“这些食物不仅能降低孩子的血压，还能增强他们的免疫系统，unclog他们的管道”，可知，既然是有益的食物，当然是能疏通和清洁管道。所以unclog的意思是“疏通”的意思，只有B项“清理，清除”意思与之相近。

【干扰项排除】A项“修理”、C项“阻碍”和D项“拆卸”都是曲解原文。

第2题:2.【选项释义】

2.Bysaying“It’snotthesortofthingyoucancatchbyputtingyourchild’sarminacuffatthefreemonitoringstationinyourlocalgrocery”,thewriterimplies______.2.通过说“这不是那种你在当地杂货店的免费监测站把孩子的手臂套在袖口上就能抓到的东西”，作者想表示______。

A.hypertensionishardtodetectA.高血压很难检测

B.childrenoftenrefusetohavetheirbloodpressuretestedB.孩子们经常拒绝测量血压

C.you’llhavetopayalotofmoneyifyouwanttohaveyourchild’sbloodpressurecheckedinagroceryC.如果你想在杂货店检查孩子的血压，你将不得不支付一大笔钱

D.inalocalgrocery,youarefreetodeterminehowtohaveyourchild’bloodpressureexaminedD.在当地的一家杂货店，你可以自由决定如何检查孩子的血压

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位至第五段第二句“这不是那种你在当地杂货店的免费监测站把你的孩子的手臂绑在袖口上就能抓到的东西”，结合上一句“你怎么知道你的孩子是不是像67万10到18岁患有高血压的美国孩子一样呢？”，以及第五段一直强调检测儿童是否高血压，医生需要参考特殊的表格，如果有异常的话需要医生重复进行测试，来确保读数为真，还要检查是否有其他的疾病引起高血压，第五段最后一句更是直接点明“因为高血压很难被发现，国家心肺血液研究所建议每年对每个3岁以上的儿童进行血压检查”，可以推测出作是想表达测量高血压并非易事，所以并不是在当地杂货店通过简单的检测机器就可以检查出的，必须去医院做检查，故该题选择A项正确。

【干扰项排除】

B项“孩子们经常拒绝测量血压”原文未提及，属于无中生有；

C项“如果你想在杂货店检查孩子的血压，你将不得不支付一大笔钱”与原文不符合，原文已经提到杂货店的监测站是免费的，该项反向干扰；

D项“在当地的一家杂货店，你可以自由决定如何