考研考博-英语-东营职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解3

书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她考研考博-英语-东营职业学院考试押题卷含答案详解（图片大小可自由调整）全文为Word可编辑，若为PDF皆为盗版，请谨慎购买！第I卷一.综合题库-全考点押密(共100题)1.单选题

Inthe（）ofthisearthquake,manynationalandinternationalcommunitiesofferedhelpandassistance.

问题1选项

A.sense

B.hope

C.case

D.wake

【答案】D

【解析】句意:随着这个地震而来的是很多国家和国际团体主动提供帮助。

考查短语辨析。Inthesenseof从…意义上说;inthehopeof怀着…的希望;inthecaseof至于,在…的情况下;inthewakeof紧紧跟随,随着…而来。因此D符合句意。

2.单选题

Whatkindofhumanbeingwillthefuturespacemanbe?Willheneedbonesofsteelandpowerfulmusclestoresistrocketthrust,thelungsofaglassblower,amightyheart,thecalmnessofanacrobat,unconsciousdeathurges,oraschizophrenic(患精神分裂症的)drovetowardisolation?Popularideasofaspacemantendtobefunnycompositesoffictionandfact.

Amorerealisticportraitemergesfromtheyoungscienceofbioastronautics,thenewestandstrangestofmedicaldisciplines.Theastronautmaybedescribedasayoungmanofhighintelligencewhoisnormaltoanabnormaldegree.Onearthhemaywellhavebeenahighjumper,oracrobat.Hemustbehighlymotivated,carefullytrained,andhemustwanttocomeback.

Hisheartandlungsmustbehealthybutneednotbeexceptionallydeveloped,forhiscabinwillbepressurized.Hugemusclesmayactuallybedisadvantageous,forhewillhavealmostnowaytogetexercise,andhewillfindthatthestrengthofayear-oldchildisadequateintheweightlessnessofspace.Afirmbodyandashort,strongneckwillhelphimtowithstandthetremendousforcesencounteredattake-off.Mostimportantphysically,hisdigestivesystemmustbeonethatwillnotbeupsetbyweightlessness;hemustnotbesubjecttomotionsickness.

46.AllthefollowingarepopularbeliefsaboutthefuturespacemanEXCEPTthat______.

47.WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredbytheauthorasamorerealisticimageofthefuturespaceman?

48.Bioastronauticsismostlyrelatedto______.

49.“normaltoanabnormaldegree”(Para.2)means______.

50.Tothefuturespaceman,whatismostphysicallyimportantisthat______.

问题1选项

A.facedwithisolation,heisbraveenoughandnotliabletogomad

B.heneedstohaveastrongdeathcomplex

C.hemusthavestrongbonesandpowerfulmuscles

D.hemustbecool-headed

问题2选项

A.Hemusthavesuperiorintelligence.

B.Heisyoung.

C.Heshouldhaveastrongdesiretosurvive.

D.Hedoesn’tgetupseteasily.

问题3选项

A.literature

B.thescienceofmedicine

C.biology

D.disciplinesandregulations

问题4选项

A.seeminglynormalbutactuallyabnormal

B.soordinarythatheisundistinguishedineveryway

C.extremelyhealthy,andthereisnothingabnormalwithhim

D.sonormalthatnoonebelievesitistrue

问题5选项

A.hisvitalcapacitymustbeasgreatataglassblower’s

B.hemusthaveashortandfirmneck

C.hisheartmustbecomparativelylarge

D.hisdigestivesystemshouldnotbeupsetbyweightlessness

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:B

第4题:B

第5题:D

【解析】46.【选项释义】

46.AllthefollowingarepopularbeliefsaboutthefuturespacemanEXCEPTthat______.46.下面这些都是关于未来宇航员流行的信念，除了______。

A.facedwithisolation,heisbraveenoughandnotliabletogomadA.面对孤立，他是足够勇敢的，不会发疯

B.heneedstohaveastrongdeathcomplexB.他需要有强烈的死亡情结

C.hemusthavestrongbonesandpowerfulmusclesC.他必须有强壮的骨骼和强壮的肌肉

D.hemustbecool-headedD.他必须头脑冷静

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干的关键信息popularbeliefs定位至文章第一段，第二句对此有描述“他需要钢铁般的骨骼和强壮的肌肉来抵抗火箭的推力（bonesofsteelandpowerfulmuscles），需要吹玻璃者的肺，需要强大的心脏，需要杂技演员的冷静（thecalmnessofanacrobat），需要无意识的死亡冲动（unconsciousdeathurges），还是需要一个被推向孤立的精神分裂症？”，从中可知，只有A项不符合原文，文中虽然提到了“孤立”，但重点是“精神分裂症”，所以该题选择A项。

【干扰项排除】B选项“他需要有强烈的死亡情结”、C选项“他必须有强壮的骨骼和强壮的肌肉”和D选项“他必须头脑冷静”都包括在内。

47.【选项释义】

47.WhichofthefollowingisNOTconsideredbytheauthorasamorerealisticimageofthefuturespaceman?47.以下哪一项不是作者认为的更现实的未来宇航员的形象？

A.Hemusthavesuperiorintelligence.A.他一定有过人的智慧。

B.Heisyoung.B.他是年轻的。

C.Heshouldhaveastrongdesiretosurvive.C.他应该有强烈的求生欲望。

D.Hedoesn’tgetupseteasily.D.他不容易生气。

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干中的信息amorerealisticimage定位至文章第二段，文中对于未来宇航员现实的形象有描述：宇航员可以被描述为一个智力超群的年轻人（ayoungmanofhighintelligence），他的正常程度达到了不正常的程度。在地球上，他很可能是个跳高运动员，或者杂技演员。他必须有高度的积极性，经过仔细的训练，他必须想要回来（hemustwanttocomeback）。从中可知，只有D项“他不容易生气”在文中是没有提及的，属于无中生有。所以，该题选择D项。

【干扰项排除】A选项“他一定有过人的智慧”、B选项“他是年轻的”和C选项“他应该有强烈的求生欲望”都符合原文。

48.【选项释义】

48.Bioastronauticsismostlyrelatedto______.48.生物航天大多与______有关。

A.literatureA.文学

B.thescienceofmedicineB.医学科学

C.biologyC.生物

D.disciplinesandregulationsD.规程和规定

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据关键词Bioastronautics定位至第二段第一句“生物航天（Bioastronautics）这门年轻的科学是最新、最奇特的医学学科（medicaldisciplines），它的描绘更为现实”，可知，生物航天是一门医学学科，所以它与医学相关。因此，该题选择B项。

【干扰项排除】A选项“文学”、C选项“生物”和D选项“规程和规定”没有提及，无中生有。

49.【选项释义】

49.“normaltoanabnormaldegree”(Para.2)means______.49.第二段“正常到不正常的程度”的意思是______。

A.seeminglynormalbutactuallyabnormalA.表面上正常，实际上不正常

B.soordinarythatheisundistinguishedineverywayB.他是如此平凡，以至于在各方面都不出众

C.extremelyhealthy,andthereisnothingabnormalwithhimC.他非常健康，没有什么不正常的

D.sonormalthatnoonebelievesitistrueD.如此正常没人相信这是真的

【考查点】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据题干定位到第二段第二句“宇航员可以被描述为一个智力超群的年轻人，他的正常程度达到了不正常的程度（normaltoanabnormaldegree）”，这是作者在文章中对于现实的未来宇航员的描述，结合后一句“在地球上，他很可能是个跳高运动员，或者杂技演员”，综合理解可推断，作者认为现实中未来宇航员也是一个普通的人，所以normaltoanabnormaldegree在这里是指“普通到不能再普通的地步了”，B选项“他是如此平凡，以至于在各方面都不出众”符合这一描述。

【干扰项排除】A选项“表面上正常，实际上不正常”、C选项“他非常健康，没有什么不正常的”和D选项“如此正常没人相信这是真的”理解错误，属于曲解原文。

50.【选项释义】

50.Tothefuturespaceman,whatismostphysicallyimportantisthat______.50.对于未来的宇航员来说，最重要的是______。

A.hisvitalcapacitymustbeasgreatataglassblower’sA.他的肺活量肯定和吹玻璃的工人一样大

B.hemusthaveashortandfirmneckB.他的脖子一定又短又结实

C.hisheartmustbecomparativelylargeC.他的心脏一定比较大

D.hisdigestivesystemshouldnotbeupsetbyweightlessnessD.他的消化系统不会因为失重而紊乱

【考查点】事实细节题。

【解题思路】根据题干中的关键信息“mostphysicallyimportant”定位至文章最后一句话“对身体最重要的是（Mostimportantphysically），他的消化系统必须不会因失重而紊乱”，从中可知，对于未来的太空人来说，最重要的事情就是他的消化系统不会由于失重而紊乱。因此，该题选择D项正确。

【干扰项排除】

A选项“他的肺活量肯定和吹玻璃的工人一样大”和C选项“他的心脏一定比较大”定位至最后一段第一句“他的心脏和肺必须是健康的，但不需要特别发达（neednotbeexceptionallydeveloped），因为他的机舱将有压力”，可知这两项曲解原文；

B选项定位最后一段倒数第二句“一个结实的身体和一个短而强壮的脖子将帮助他承受在起飞时遇到的巨大的力量”，可知，“他的脖子一定又短又结实”确实是未来宇航员具备的，但不是最重要的，属于张冠李戴。

3.单选题

Hesaidhecouldnotcomebecausehe（）ameeting.

问题1选项

A.willbehaving

B.wouldhave

C.wouldbehaving

D.willhave

【答案】C

【解析】考查时态。A选项willbehaving，will/shallbedoingsth为将来进行时结构，表示要在将来某一时间开始，并继续下去的动作。例句：Wewillbehavingameetingtodecidewhattodo.（我们将开会决定该做什么。）B选项wouldhave，woulddosth为一般过去将来时结构，表示在过去的某个时候看来将要发生的动作或者存在的状态。例句：Shetoldusthatshewouldnotgowithusifitrained.（她告诉我们，如果下雨的话，她就不和我们一起去了。）C选项wouldbehaving，should/wouldbedoing为过去将来进行时结构，表示就过去某一时间而言，将来某一时刻或某一段时间正在进行的动作。例句：Theysaidtheywouldbecoming.（他们说他们会来的。）D选项willhave，will/shalldosth为一般将来时结构，表示将来某一时段的动作或状态。例句：Hewillgetmarried.（他就快结婚了。）在本题中，said为过去时，也就是他过去表示他不能去的原因是他过去将要开会，所以本题应该选择过去将来时。句意：他说他不能来的原因是要开会。综上所述，本题的正确答案是C选项。

4.单选题

Eachofusshareswiththecommunityinwhichweliveastoreofwordsaswellasagreedconventions（

）thesewordsshouldbearrangedtoconveyaparticularmessage.

问题1选项

A.asthewaybywhich

B.bythewayinwhich

C.astothewayinwhich

D.inthewayofwhich

【答案】C

【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：我们每个人都与我们所生活的社会分享着大量的词汇以及约定的惯例，……这些词汇排列组合起来后可以表达特定意义。后半句是对前半句中约定的惯例进一步解释，因此只有C选项“至于这种惯例（方式）”可将前后衔接起来。

5.单选题

Themachinelookedlikealarge,（

）,old-fashionedtypewriter.

问题1选项

A.forceful

B.clumsy

C.intense

D.tricky

【答案】B

【解析】句意:这台机器看上去像一台又大又笨的老式打字机。

形容词辨析。Forceful强有力的，有说服力的;clumsy笨拙的(贬义);intense强列的，紧张的;tricky狡猾的，机警的。因此B符合句意。

6.单选题

Thetraditionalmarketsretaintheir____forthemanyChinesewhostillpreferfreshfoodlikelivefish,ducks,chickensoverpackagedorfrozengoods.

问题1选项

A.appeal

B.pledge

C.image

D.survival

【答案】A

【解析】【选项释义】

A.appeal吸引力；感染力B.pledge保证；诺言

C.image形象；印象D.survival生存；存活

【答案】A

【考查点】名词辨析。

【解题思路】句意：传统市场对许多中国人仍有……，他们仍然喜欢新鲜食品，如活鱼、活鸭、活鸡，而不是包装或冷冻食品。根据逻辑，后半句讲中国人喜欢新鲜食品，而传统的市场就是售卖新鲜食品，由此可推出传统市场对中国人仍有吸引力。因此选A。

【干扰项排除】B、C、D选项均无法与空格前后构成相应逻辑关系。

【句意】传统市场对许多中国人仍有吸引力，他们仍然喜欢新鲜食品，如活鱼、活鸭、活鸡，而不是包装或冷冻食品。

7.单选题

Inrecentyearstherehasbeenmuchtalkofa“renaissance”inAmericanmanufacturing.Afewthingsseemedtobeonthesideofthemakers.Forinstance,untilrecentlythedollarwasweak,Americanwageswerestagnant,butthoseinChinawerebooming.Cheapshaleoilandgasgavefactoriesaboost.Butaswearguedrecently,talkingofarenaissanceisoverblown.Andfewfigure,releasedtoday,addtothemountingpileofevidencesayingthatmanufacturinggrowthisstartingtoslow.

WearguedbeforethatalthoughtherehasbeenarecoveryinAmericanmanufacturinginrecentyears,itisnotasustainableone.Employmentinthesectorisstilllowerthanbeforethecrash.Soisoneimportantmeasureofoutput:realvalueadded.Inshort,Americahasnotgotbetteratproducingstuff.

Also,muchoftherecoveryinAmericanmanufacturingseemstobebasedonacyclicalboomin“durable”goods—thingsthatyouexpecttolastalongtime,likecarsandfridges.Duringtherecession,ordersfordurablegoodsplunged.That’sbecauseitisquiteeasytoputoffsuchpurchases.Bycontrast,itismoredifficulttoputoffpurchasesofnon-durablegoods,likemedicines,becausepeopletendtoconsumethemmorefrequently.

Aftertherecession,productionofdurablegoodssoared.Cheapcredit,forinstance,spurreddemandfornewmotorsandrapidgrowthincar-making.Thatsectoraccountedforoverathirdofthedurablegrowthfrom2009to2013.Yetarecoverybasedonafewdurableindustriesisunsustainable.Thisisbecausewhenpent-updemandissatisfied,afewbigindustrieswillsuffer.Overalloutputislikelytostall.

Newdataconfirmthisprediction.Ordersfordurablegoodsfellby1.4%inFebruary.Motor-vehicleordersfellby0.5%.Itispossiblethattherecentbadweatherhashadaneffecthere.Butitmaybeasignofsomethingmoretroubling.AseconomistsatCapitalEconomics,aconsultancy,argue,“themoregeneralmalaisestartedbackintheautumnoflastyear.Indeed,coreordershavenowfallenineverymonthsincelastOctober.”

Inrecentmonths,non-durablegoodshavealsofallenquiterapidly.Whatexplainsallthis?Theobviousculpritisthestrongdollar.Becauseitmakesmanufacturingexports(whichaccountforroughlyhalfofAmerica’stotal)moreexpensive.Alternatively,itmaybebecauseconsumersarestartingtopullbackonspending.InJanuary,consumercreditgrewattheslowestpaceinoverayear,accordingtorecentdatafromtheFederalReserve.Inrecentmonthsconsumerconfidencehasdroppedabit.Andcompaniesmaynotbesoconfident,either,andarethusnotinthemoodtoaddtocapitalstock,saysStevenRicchiutoofMizuhoSecurities,aninvestmentbank.ThisdoesnotbodewellforAmericanmanufacturingor,indeed,foreconomicgrowthoverall.

1.WhatdoestheauthorsayabouttherecoveryinAmericanmanufacturing?

2.Inwhatsense“durable”goodscannotboostsustainableeconomicgrowth?

3.HowcanweunderstandtheremarksofeconomistsatCapitalEconomics?

4.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?

5.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardstheoutlookofAmericamanufacturing?

问题1选项

A.Itmaybeputtoanendsoon.

B.Itismerelyanillusion.

C.Itisabouncebeforebreakdown.

D.Itlacksessentialsupport.

问题2选项

A.Theyarenotfast-consumeddailynecessities.

B.Theytendtobeinfluencedbybankingpolicy.

C.Ordersforthemareeasilytobecancelled.

D.Industriesofthemmaybelesssustainable.

问题3选项

A.Ordersfordurablegoodsareaffectedbybadweatherindeed.

B.Decreaseofordersfordurablegoodsiscausedbydiseasespread.

C.Slumpofdurablegoodsindustriesstartedearlierthanthought.

D.Thenewdatamaynothaverevealedtherealityoftheindustries.

问题4选项

A.ThestrongdollarmakesAmericanproductslessattractive.

B.Consumersarenotwillingtospendmoreondurablegoods.

C.Companiesdarenotacceptthecapitalinvestmentfrombanks.

D.Theconditionsofgeneraleconomicgrowtharenotpresent.

问题5选项

A.Quiteconfident.

B.Fairlyanxious.

C.Abitconfused.

D.Verypessimistic.

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.推理判断题。第二段“WearguedbeforethatalthoughtherehasbeenarecoveryinAmericanmanufacturinginrecentyears,itisnotasustainableone.我们之前认为，尽管美国制造业近年来出现了复苏，但这不是可持续的。”可知美国制造业的复苏可能会很快结束。故A项正确。

2.推理判断题。由第四段“Yetarecoverybasedonafewdurableindustriesisunsustainable.Thisisbecausewhenpent-updemandissatisfied,afewbigindustrieswillsuffer.Overalloutputislikelytostall.然而，建立在少数可持续产业基础上的复苏是不可持续的。这是因为，当被压抑的需求得到满足时，一些大型行业将会遭殃。总产出可能会停滞。”

3.推理判断题。由第五段“AseconomistsatCapitalEconomics,aconsultancy,argue,‘themoregeneralmalaisestartedbackintheautumnoflastyear.Indeed,coreordershavenowfallenineverymonthsincelastOctober.’正如咨询公司CapitalEconomics的经济学家所言，‘更大范围的低靡从去年秋天开始。事实上，自去年10月以来，核心订单逐月下降。’”可知耐用产品产业的衰落比想象中要开始得早。故C项正确。

4.推理判断题。由最后一段“Theobviousculpritisthestrongdollar.Becauseitmakesmanufacturingexports(whichaccountforroughlyhalfofAmerica’stotal)moreexpensive.罪魁祸首显然是美元走强。因为它使得制造业出口（约占美国出口总额的一半）更加昂贵。”可知A项“强势美元降低了美国产品的吸引力”正确。

5.观点态度题。由最后一段“ThisdoesnotbodewellforAmericanmanufacturingor,indeed,foreconomicgrowthoverall.这对美国制造业，甚至整个经济增长来说都不是好兆头。”可知作者对美国制造业的态度是非常担忧的。故B项正确。

8.单选题

Rumorsareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningcalmsituationsinto（）ones.

问题1选项

A.turbulent

B.tragic

C.vulnerable

D.suspicious

【答案】A

【解析】考查形容词辨析。A项turbulent“动荡的，混乱的，骚动的”，B项tragic“悲剧的，悲痛的”，C项vulnerable“易受攻击的，易受伤害的”，D项suspicious“可疑的，怀疑的”。根据句子关键词rumor（谣言）和turningcalmsituationsinto（把平静局面转变为……）可知，空格部分要填入一个与calm相反的词语，只有A项符合。句意：谣言无处不在，散布恐惧，损害名誉，使平静的局面变得动荡不安。因此，该题选择A项正确。

9.单选题

Wecannotbe（）withhimduetohismisbehavioratthemeetingyesterday.

问题1选项

A.Pecked

B.reconciled

C.perturbed

D.presumed

【答案】B

【解析】固定搭配。peck啄食；perturb感到不安；presumed推定。Bereconcilewith为固定搭配，表示与……和解。

10.单选题

Thediscussionwassoprolongedandexhaustingthat（）wehadtostopforrefreshments.

问题1选项

A.atlarge

B.atease

C.atrandom

D.atintervals

【答案】D

【解析】固定搭配词组辨析。atlarge“详尽的”;atease“安逸,舒适”;atrandom“随便地,任意地”;atintervals“不时地,间断地”。句意:讨论时间太长,使人精疲力竭,我们不得不不时地停下来吃点点心。选项D符合句意。

11.单选题

Thereareavarietyofwaystothinkabouttheself.Twoofthemostwidelyusedtermsareself-conceptandself-esteem.Self-conceptgenerallyreferstothetotalityofacomplex,organized,anddynamicsystemoflearnedbeliefs,attitudesandopinionsthatpeopleholdaboutthemselves,whileself-esteemgenerallyreferstohowwefeelaboutorhowwevalueourselves.Thereisagreatdealofresearchwhichshowsthattheself-conceptis,perhaps,thebasisforallmotivatedbehavior.Itistheself-conceptthatgivesrisetopossibleselves,anditispossibleselvesthatcreatethemotivationforbehavior.Self-conceptisrelatedtoself-esteeminthatpeoplewhohavegoodself-esteemhaveacleardifferentiatedself-concept.Whenpeopleknowthemselves,theycanmaximizeoutcomesbecausetheyknowthatwhattheycanandcannotdo.Itwouldsee,then,thatonewaytoimpactself-esteemistoobeythesomewhatoutwornclineof“Knowtheyself.”

Thereareseveraldifferentcomponentsofself-concept:physical,academic,socialandtranspersonal.Thephysicalaspectofself-conceptrelatestothatwhichisconcrete:whatwelooklike,oursex,height,weight,andwhatkindofclotheswewear.Ouracademicself-conceptrelatestohowwellwedoinschoolorhowwellwelearn.Thesocialself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetootherpeopleandthetranspersonalself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetoothersupernaturalorunknownonanemotionalorspirituallevel.

Thoughself-reflection,peopleoftencometoviewthemselvesinanew,morepowerfulway,anditisthroughthisnew,morepowerwayofviewingtheselfthatpeoplecandeveloppossibleselves.Wedevelopandmaintainourself-conceptbytakingactionandthenreflectingonwhatwehavedoneandwhatotherstellusaboutwhatwehavedone.Wereflectincomparisontoourexpectationsandtheexceptionsofothersandtothecharacteristicsandaccomplishmentsofothers.Self-concept,thusisnotinnate,butisdevelopedbytheindividualthroughinteractionwiththeenvironmentandreflectingonthatinteraction.Thisdynamicaspectofself-conceptisimportantbecauseitindicatesthatitcanbemodifiedorchanged.

1.Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthat（）.

2.Theauthor’sattitudetowardstheideasof“knowthemselves”is（）.

3.Onecanconcludefromthetextthatbydevelopinggoodself-esteempeoplecan（）.

4.Whichofthefollowingwouldbeidentifiedastranspersonalself-concept?

5.Themostappropriatetitleforthetextwouldbe（）.

问题1选项

A.theauthorbelievesmostbehaviorislearned,notinnate

B.theauthordoesn'tbelievethatone'sself-conceptcanchange

C.self-conceptandself-esteemareoftenmistakenforeachother

D.theauthorhasdoubtsabouttheideathatself-conceptsisthebasisforbehavior

问题2选项

A.critical

B.positive

C.neutral

D.mixed

问题3选项

A.improvetheirinteractionsimmensely

B.beginimprovingtheirbehavior

C.begintodevelopaclearself-concept

D.correctdeficienciesintheircharacter

问题4选项

A.Ourconceptofhowinterestedandwellwestudysupernaturaltopics.

B.Ourknowledgeofourstrangeintuitionaboutpeoples'feelings.

C.Ourunderstandingofhowwerelatetoagodwebelievein.

D.Ourunderstandingofourrelationshipwithotherpeople.

问题5选项

A.TheCharacteristicsofSelf-Concept

B.TheChangeabilityofSelf-Concept

C.Self-ConceptandSelf-Esteem

D.NewResearchonSelf-Concepts

【答案】第1题:A

第2题:B

第3题:C

第4题:C

第5题:A

【解析】第1题:1.根据原文第一段中说到theself-conceptis,perhaps,thebasisforallmotivatedbehavior.（自我概念也许是所有动机行为的基础），最后一段，作者再提到

Self-concept,thusisnotinnate（因此，自我概念不是天生的），由此可知，大多数的行为都是习得的，并非与生俱来。因此A选项正确。

2.根据最后一段的第一句“...itisthroughthisnew,morepowerwayofviewingtheselfthatpeoplecandeveloppossibleselves.”可知，作者认为，只有了解了自己，人们才能发展出潜在的自我。所以作者对此的态度是正面的，积极的。选项B正确。

3.根据第一段“Self-conceptisrelatedtoself-esteeminthatpeoplewhohavegoodself-esteemhaveacleardifferentiatedself-concept.”可知，选项C正确。

4.根据第二段的最后一句“thetranspersonalself-conceptdescribeshowwerelatetoothersupernaturalorunknownonanemotionalorspirituallevel.”超个人自我概念描述了我们如何在情感或精神层面与其他超自然或未知的事物相处。选项C符合原文。

5.根据原文可知，本文主要是讲自我概念的特征。选项A更符合要求。其他三个选项都只是文中的一部分。

第2题:

第3题:

第4题:

第5题:

12.单选题

Amanwhocould（

）suchtreatmentwasamanofremarkablephysicalcourageandmoralstrength.

问题1选项

A.bearupon

B.standupto

C.insiston

D.persistin

【答案】B

【解析】bearupon有关，瞄准，对...施加压力；standupto经得起，抵抗，勇敢地面对；insiston坚持，坚决要求；persistin坚持，固执于。句意：能够经得起这种对待的人是很有胆量和勇气的人。选项B符合句意。

13.单选题

Somewomen______agoodsalaryinajobinsteadofstayinghome,buttheydecidednottoworkforthesakeofthefamily.

问题1选项

A.mustmake

B.shouldhavemade

C.wouldmake

D.couldhavemade

【答案】D

【解析】【试题解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：有些妇女本可以在工作中获得高薪而不是呆在家里，但她们为了家庭而决定不工作。mustdo“必须做某事”；shouldhavedone“过去本应该做某事却未做”；woulddo“过去将会做某事”；couldhavedone“过去本能够做某事却未做”。根据语境，这里指的是过去本可以工作却没有去工作，D选项couldhavemade符合题意。因此D选项正确。

14.单选题

Alltheinvestorsinstocksmustbe（）totherisksinsuchinvestment.

问题1选项

A.realistic

B.alert

C.accessible

D.awake

【答案】B

【解析】形容词词义辨析。realistic“现实的”；alert“警觉的”；accessible“易接近的”；awake“醒着的”。句意：所有股票投资者都必须当心这种投资的风险。选项B符合题意。

15.翻译题

ReadthefollowingshortparagraphcarefullyandthentranslateitintoEnglish.

我确信，在这个世界上有许多令人惊喜的事情，有某种比惊喜深刻得多的东西，某种持久而有意义的东西。那些生活在地球上美和神奇的东西之间的人们，不管他是作为科学家的成人还是非科学家的孩子，永远不会孤单或对生活感到厌倦；无论他们的个人生活有什么问题和忧虑，他们的思想都能找到通往内心的满足和对生活重燃激情的途径。那些凝视地球之美的人能找到它们终身受用的力量储备。他们看到在鸟类的迁徙中，在潮水的涨落之中，既有着具体的惊奇，更有着深遂的美。在大自然的反反复复循坏中，有一种具备无限治愈力的东西，黑暗过去是黎明，冬天过后是春天这一永恒的保障。

【答案】Iamsurethattherearemanysurprisesinthisworld,somethingmuchdeeperthansurprise,somethinglastingandmeaningful.Thosewholivebetweenthebeautyandthewonderoftheearth,whetherasascientistorasachildofanon-scientist,areneveraloneorboredwithlife;Nomatterwhatproblemsorconcernstheyhaveintheirpersonallives,theirthoughtsfindtheirwaytoinnersatisfactionandrenewedpassionforlife.Thosewhogazeatthebeautyoftheearthfindreservesofpowerthatwilllastthemalifetime.Theysawinthemigrationofbirds,intheebbandflowofthetides,aconcretewonderandaprofoundbeauty.Inthecycleofnature,thereissomethinginfinitelyhealing.Darknessisthedawnofthepast,andwinteristheeternalguaranteeofspring.

16.单选题

Amoment’sdrillingbythedentistmaymakeusnervousandupset.Manyofuscannotstandpain.Toavoidthepainofadrillingthatmaylastperhapsaminuteortwo,wedemandtheneedle—ashotofnovocaine—thatdeadensthenervesaroundthetooth.

Nowit’struethatthehumanbodyhasdevelopeditsmillionsofnervestobehighlyawareofwhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsideofit.Thishelpsusadjusttotheworld.Withoutournerves—andourbrain,whichisabundleofnerves-wewouldn’tknowwhat’shappening.Butwepayforoursensitivity.Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.Thehistoryoftortureisbasedonthehumanbodybeingopentopain.

Butthereisawaytohandlepain.LookattheIndianfakirwhositsonabedofnails.Fakirscanputaneedlerightthroughanarm,andfeelnopain.Thisabilitythatsomehumanshavedevelopedtohandlepainshouldgiveusideasabouthowthemindcandealwithpain.

Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.Ifthedentistsays,thiswillhurtalittle,ithelpsustoacceptthepain.Bystayingrelaxed,andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation,wecanhandlethepainwithoutfallingapart.Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.

1.Thepassageismainlyabout____________.

2.Thesentence“Butwepayforoursensitivity”inthesecondparagraphimpliesthat____________.

3.WhentheauthormentionstheIndianfakir,hesuggeststhat____________.

4.Themostimportantthingtohandlepainis____________.

5.Theauthor’sattitudetowardspainis____________.

问题1选项

A.howtosufferpain

B.howtoavoidpain

C.howtohandlepain

D.howtostoppain

问题2选项

A.weshouldpayadebtforourfeeling

B.wehavetobehurtwhenwefeelsomething

C.ourpainisworthfeeling

D.whenwefeelpain,wearesufferingit

问题3选项

A.Indiansarenotatallafraidofpain

B.peoplemaybesenselessofpain

C.somepeopleareabletohandlepain

D.fakirshavemagictoputneedlesrightthroughtheirarms

问题4选项

A.howwelookatpain

B.tofeelpainasmuchaspossible

C.toshowaninterestinpain

D.toacceptthepainreluctantly

问题5选项

A.Pessimistic

B.optimistic

C.radical

D.sarcastic

【答案】第1题:C

第2题:D

第3题:C

第4题:A

第5题:B

【解析】1.主旨大意题。根据第三段第一句Butthereisawaytohandlepain.（但有种方法可以缓解疼痛），可知下文的内容在讲如何缓解疼痛，故C选项“如何缓解疼痛”正确，A选项“如何承受疼痛”和D选项“如何停止疼痛”：文章没有提到，故错误。B选项“如何避免疼痛”：文章只是讲到通过打针避免疼痛，但这不是主要内容，故错误。因此C选项正确。

2.语义推测题。根据第二段倒数第二句Wecanfeelpainwhentheslightestthingiswrongwithanypartofourbody.（当我们身体的任何部位出了一点问题，我们都能感觉到疼痛。），可知疼痛反映身体部位的情况，故D选项“我们感到疼痛时，代表我们的身体正在承受疼痛”正确。A选项“我们应该为我们的感觉偿还债务”：句意不通，故错误。B选项“如果我们有感觉就会受伤”：有感觉和受伤没有因果关系，故错误。C选项“我们的疼痛值得感受”：文章没有提到疼痛是否值得，故错误。因此D选项正确。

3.语义推测题。根据第四段第三句Bystayingrelaxed,andbytreatingthepainasaninterestingsensation,wecanhandlethepainwithoutfallingapart.（保持放松，把疼痛当作一种有趣的感觉来对待，我们就能处理疼痛而不会崩溃。），可知个人对于疼痛的承受力可以改变，苦行僧就是一个例子，故C选项“有些人能够承受疼痛”正确。A选项“印度人一点也不怕疼痛”：苦行僧不等同于印度人，故错误。B选项“人们可能对痛苦毫无知觉”：上文说到我们的身体出了一点问题，我们都能感觉到疼痛，故错误。D选项“苦行僧有把针穿过他们手臂的魔法”：这不是苦行僧的魔法，只是他们对疼痛的耐受力比较高。没有提到。因此C选项正确。

4.语义推测题。根据第四段第一句Thebigthinginwithstandingpainisourattitudetowardit.（在忍受痛苦的过程中，最重要的是我们对它的态度。），可知我们如何看待疼痛是最重要的，故A选项“我们如何看待疼痛”正确。B选项“尽可能多地感受疼痛”：文中没有提到，故错误。C选项“对疼痛感兴趣”：文中说的是treatingthepainasaninterestingsensation（把疼痛当作一种有趣的感觉来对待），而不是对疼痛本身感兴趣，故错误。D选项“不情愿地接受疼痛”：根据文章，自愿接受疼痛才是可行的，故错误。因此A选项正确。

5.观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句Afterall,althoughpainisanunpleasantsensation,itisstillasensation,andsensationsarethestuffoflife.（毕竟，虽然疼痛是一种不愉快的感觉，但它仍然是一种感觉，而感觉是生命的组成部分。），可知作者对疼痛持正向包容态度，认为疼痛是正常的，并不是多么可怕的坏事，故B选项“乐观的”正确。A选项“悲观的”，C选项“激进的”和D选项“讽刺的”都不符合题意，故错误。因此B选项正确。

17.单选题

Inthesetimes,whenourformofgovernmentisbeingcriticizedbypeopleofmanydifferentbeliefs,itisimportantthatweunderstandtheprinciplesonwhichoursocietywasfounded.Toooftentheseprinciplesaredisregardedbytheverypeoplewhoaremostvociferousindefendingthecountryagainstcriticism.Basictoourdemocracyisabeliefthattruthcanonlybearrivedatthroughafreeinterchangeofideas.Freedomofspeechisoneofourmostcherishedvalues.Nevertheless,withatotaldisregardoftheprinciplesofdemocraticfairplay,theaveragecitizenisapttohurlrashaccusationsinanattempttosilenceanyonewhomaynotagreewithhim.Toomanycitizensunderstanddemocracyonlyasasloganandhavenorealconceptthatdemocracyinpracticemeanswemusttoleratetheexpressionofunpopularideas.

Ourlistofdeadlysinsshouldberevisedtoincludethemisrepresentationofprinciplestogratifyone’spersonalspiteorvanity,thebetrayalofgreatcausesbymakingthemthecloakforpersonaladvancement,andthedebasementofhighidealsbyusingthemasapretextforthecalumniationofhonorablemen.

Thecommongoodshouldnotbemadeapoliticalfootball,fortheonlythingthatbindsmenisacommontrust,thethingthatunitesthemisacausetheyshare.Thatcausemustbesomethinggreaterthanmerepersonalpromotion.Thecauseforwhichmenliveandfightcannotappealtotheirpocketbookalone,butmustalsoappealtotheirhearts.

Letustakealessonfromthoserevolutionarieswhopromiseimpoverishedpeoplenotonlylandbutalsoavision.Itistruethattheirpoliciesoftencontradictthepromisestheymade,buttheyfirstwintheirwaybyproclaimingavisionwhichinspirespeople.Leninhimself,thesupremetechnicianofpolicy,knewhecouldnotachievehisendssimplybyplayingupdiscontents,masterashewasatthatgame.Heknewhecouldnotwinthepeopleovermerelybystirringuphatredsorappealingtoself-interest.Thepeoplemustfeelthethrobofagreatercause,glimpseavisionofabetterworld.

Thisvisionisparticularlynecessarytowintheloyaltiesoftheyoung.Wecertainlywillnotinspirethemifwemakeourcaseonthegroundthatcapitalisticplanningismoreefficientthansocialisticplanning.Efficientforwhat?Andforwhom?Theplannersaresometimesefficientenoughinseekingtheirowngainatthee